Sludge Treatment and Disposal Technologies of Zhuhai Municipal Sewage Plant论文
污水处理的过程英语作文
污水处理的过程英语作文Wastewater Treatment ProcessWastewater treatment is a crucial process that plays a vital role in maintaining the health and sustainability of our environment. It involves the removal of contaminants from wastewater, ensuring that the discharged water is safe for the ecosystem and human use. The process of wastewater treatment consists of several stages, each designed to address specific types of pollutants and ensure the final effluent meets the required standards.The first stage of wastewater treatment is known as the preliminary treatment. This stage aims to remove large, coarse, and floating materials from the wastewater. This includes items such as rags, sticks, and other debris that could potentially clog or damage the equipment used in the subsequent treatment stages. Preliminary treatment typically involves screening, grit removal, and sometimes oil and grease removal.Following the preliminary treatment, the wastewater undergoes primary treatment. This stage focuses on the removal of suspended solids and organic matter from the wastewater. The primarytreatment process involves sedimentation, where the wastewater is allowed to settle, allowing the heavier solids to sink to the bottom of the tank. The settled solids, known as primary sludge, are then removed and sent to further processing or disposal. The clarified liquid that remains is then ready for the next stage of treatment.The secondary treatment stage is the most crucial step in the wastewater treatment process. This stage is designed to remove the remaining organic matter and nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, from the wastewater. The secondary treatment typically involves biological processes, where microorganisms are used to break down the organic matter. The most common secondary treatment methods include activated sludge, trickling filters, and rotating biological contactors.In the activated sludge process, the wastewater is mixed with a population of microorganisms, typically bacteria and protozoa, in an aeration tank. The microorganisms consume the organic matter, converting it into carbon dioxide and new cellular material. The resulting mixture of wastewater and microorganisms is then sent to a clarifier, where the treated water is separated from the excess microorganisms, known as activated sludge. The activated sludge is then recycled back to the aeration tank to continue the treatment process.Trickling filters, on the other hand, use a fixed-film biological process. In this method, the wastewater is sprayed over a bed of media, such as rocks or plastic, where a layer of microorganisms grows. As the wastewater trickles through the media, the microorganisms break down the organic matter. The treated water is then collected and sent to the next stage of treatment.Rotating biological contactors (RBCs) are another type of secondary treatment method. RBCs consist of a series of large discs that are partially submerged in the wastewater. The discs are slowly rotated, allowing the microorganisms that grow on the discs to be alternately exposed to the wastewater and the air. This process enables the microorganisms to consume the organic matter in the wastewater.After the secondary treatment, the wastewater may undergo additional treatment steps, such as tertiary or advanced treatment, depending on the specific requirements of the receiving water body or the intended reuse of the treated water. Tertiary treatment can include processes like filtration, disinfection, and nutrient removal to further improve the quality of the effluent.The final stage of wastewater treatment is the sludge treatment and disposal. The sludge generated during the various treatment stages is processed to reduce its volume and stabilize the organic matter. This can involve thickening, dewatering, digestion, and sometimesincineration or landfilling. The treated sludge can then be used as a soil amendment or disposed of in an environmentally responsible manner.The wastewater treatment process is essential for protecting the environment and public health. By removing contaminants and ensuring the treated water meets the necessary standards, wastewater treatment helps to maintain the quality of our water resources, prevent the spread of waterborne diseases, and support the overall sustainability of our ecosystems. As the demand for clean water continues to grow, the importance of efficient and effective wastewater treatment will only become more critical in the years to come.。
污泥处理与处置的基本流程
污泥处理与处置的基本流程英文回答：The basic process for sludge treatment and disposal involves several steps. These steps are designed to remove contaminants, reduce volume, and ensure proper disposal of the sludge. The following is a general overview of the process:1. Sludge Collection: Sludge is collected from various sources, such as wastewater treatment plants, industrial processes, or agricultural activities. It is typically transported to a centralized facility for further treatment.2. Thickening: The collected sludge is often dilutedwith water, which increases its volume. Thickening is the process of removing excess water from the sludge to reduce its volume and make it easier to handle. This can be done through gravity settling or mechanical methods such as centrifugation.3. Stabilization: Sludge stabilization is an important step to reduce the potential for odor generation and pathogen growth. This can be achieved through various methods, including aerobic or anaerobic digestion, lime stabilization, or thermal drying. These processes help to break down organic matter, kill harmful bacteria, and reduce the volume of the sludge.4. Dewatering: After stabilization, the sludge is typically dewatered to further reduce its volume. This can be done using mechanical methods such as belt presses, filter presses, or centrifuges. Dewatering removes excess water from the sludge, making it easier to transport and dispose of.5. Disposal: The final step in the process is the proper disposal of the treated sludge. The disposal method depends on the characteristics of the sludge and local regulations. Common disposal methods include land application, landfilling, incineration, or utilization in agricultural or construction activities.Overall, the process of sludge treatment and disposal involves collection, thickening, stabilization, dewatering, and proper disposal. These steps ensure that the sludge is properly treated, reducing its volume and potential environmental impact.中文回答：污泥处理与处置的基本流程包括以下几个步骤。
污水污泥处理处置现状及进展
价值工程0引言随着我国城市化建设快速发展，城镇污水处理率逐年提高，污水处理厂污泥产量也急剧增加。
到2011年9月底，我国已建成城镇污水处理厂3077座，设计处理能力1.36亿m 3/d ；目前，全国在建污水处理项目约1300个。
据统计，我国污水污泥（含水率80%）产量已达到3000万t/a ，按新增污水处理能力运行负荷为75%计算，污泥产量将以250万t/a 逐年递增。
污泥是污水处理过程中产生的废弃物，既含有碳、氮、磷等植物养分，也含有病原菌、寄生虫、重金属以及有机污染物，处理处置不当易产生二次污染，不仅影响污水处理系统的处理能力，而且对生态环境和人类活动构成严重威胁。
因此，加强污泥处理处置研究及工程实践是我国“十二五”环保工作的重点。
1污泥处理处置概述污泥处理与处置是污泥进入环境之前和进入环境之后的两个不同阶段。
污泥处理是指污水污泥通过减容、减量、稳定以及无害化的过程，主要包括污泥浓缩（调理）、脱水、消化、发酵、干化、焚烧等工艺。
污泥处置是以自然或人工方式使处理后的污泥或污泥产品能够达到长期稳定并对生态环境无不良影响的最终消纳方式，主要包括土地改良、园林绿化、农用、林用、填埋、焚烧及综合利用（材料化）等。
二者的关系是：处置决定处理，处理必须满足处置要求，如此才能实现污泥妥善、安全处置[1]。
污泥处理处置的目的是“无害化、减量———————————————————————作者简介：邹宝华（1977-），男，广东珠海人，本科，中级工程师，主要从事污水处理设计研究。
污水污泥处理处置现状及研究进展Present Situation and Progress of Sewage Sludge Treatment and Disposal邹宝华①Zou Baohua ；王宏斌②Wang Hongbin（①珠海市规划设计研究院，珠海519000；②运城市环保局，运城044000）（①Zhuhai Urban Planning and Design Institute ，Zhuhai 519000，China ；②Yuncheng City Environmental Protection Agency ，Yuncheng 044000，China ）摘要：污泥处理处置是城镇污水处理系统的重要组成部分。
浸提剂pH值对污泥中重金属浸出的影响
浸提剂pH值对污泥中重金属浸出的影响李晓晨1，赵丽2, 印华斌21. 山东农业大学水利土木工程学院，山东泰安271018；2. 河海大学环境科学与工程学院，江苏南京210098摘要：为了探讨浸提剂的pH对污泥中重金属释放的影响，采集了我国四个典型城市污水厂的剩余污泥，应用固体废物浸出毒性的浸出方法(GB5086.2-1997)，以不同pH值的浸提剂对污泥中重金属的浸出特性进行了实验研究。
实验结果表明，污泥中的Cr和Fe的最大浸出质量浓度分别出现在6.5～7.0和5.0左右的pH值范围；Mo和Ni的浸出质量浓度则随着浸提剂pH值的升高而升高；而Zn和Mn的浸出质量浓度则随着浸提剂pH的升高而降低。
这表明，浸提剂的pH 值对污泥中重金属的浸出具有显著的影响，而且pH 值对污泥中重金属浸出的影响因重金属的不同而存在较大的差异。
关键词：pH值，提取剂，浸出特性，重金属，污泥中图分类号：X132文献标识码：A 文章编号：1672-2175（2008）01-0190-05污泥是污水生物处理过程中产生的副产物，是由多种微生物形成的菌胶团与其吸附的有机物和无机物组成的集合体[1,2]。
由于污泥中含有丰富的有可利用价值的有机质、氮、磷等营养物质，所以污泥农用则成为污泥资源化处置的有效方法之一[3-5]。
然而，污泥农用也存在一些潜在环境风险，例如富集于污泥中的重金属、病原体等。
有关资料表明，由于受污水厂运行费用等因素的影响，我国许多城市污水厂仍采取就近购地露天堆放的简单方法处理剩余污泥[6]。
在周围环境中多种条件的长期作用下，特别是酸雨作用下，污泥的露天堆放会导致其中部分有害微量元素发生淋溶而析出，进而渗透到土壤或地下水中，从而降低土壤功能、污染水质、影响生态环境和人体健康[7,8]。
近年来，城市污泥中重金属的含量及其在环境中的迁移转化趋势受到环境科学以及土壤科学研究领域的广泛关注[9,10]。
浸出毒性实验可有效地模拟污泥与水接触时污泥中重金属的释放规律，国内外学者已经对污泥中重金属的浸出毒性及淋溶特性等方面做了大量的研究[7, 11,12]。
污水处理方案分析(英文版)
污水处理方案分析（英文版）Wastewater Treatment Scheme AnalysisIntroduction:Wastewater treatment is a crucial process that helps protect the environment and human health by removing contaminants from wastewater before it is released back into the environment. There are several wastewater treatment schemes available, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. This article aims to analyze some common wastewater treatment schemes and their effectiveness in removing pollutants.1. Conventional Activated Sludge Process:The conventional activated sludge process is widely used in wastewater treatment plants around the world. It involves bringing wastewater into contact with microorganisms in an aeration tank, where the microorganisms consume organic matter and nutrients. The treated wastewater then undergoes clarification to remove suspended solids before being discharged. This process effectively removes organic contaminants and nutrients, but it requires a large footprint and substantial energy for aeration.2. Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Technology:MBR technology combines activated sludge treatment with a membrane filtration process to separate solids and microorganisms from the treated water. The filter consists of a high-pressure membrane that retains particles and microorganisms, resulting in an effluent with very low suspended solids and bacteria. MBR technology provides a compact and efficient solution, but it has high capital and operational costs.3. Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR):The MBBR process uses small plastic carriers to provide a surface area for microorganisms to grow and form a biofilm. The wastewater flows through these carriers, allowing the microorganisms to consume organic matter and nutrients. MBBR technology requires less space compared to the conventional activated sludge process and has lower energy requirements. However, regular maintenance is necessary to prevent clogging of the carriers and ensure optimum performance.4. Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) System:The SBR system operates in a batch mode, where several treatment stages occur within a single tank. The wastewater undergoes sequential phases of aeration, settling, and decanting. This process allows for flexibility in operation and can adapt to varying influent loads. The SBR system provides efficient nutrient removal and can achieve high effluent quality. However, it requires skilled operators to manage the complex sequencing of treatment stages.5. Constructed Wetlands:Constructed wetlands mimic natural wetland ecosystems and use emergent plants, such as reeds and cattails, to treat wastewater. The plants provide a habitat for beneficial bacteria and other microorganisms, which break down organic matter and remove nutrients through processes such as adsorption and uptake. Constructed wetlands are cost-effective and require low energy inputs. However, they have limited application in treating industrial wastewater with high concentrations of pollutants.Conclusion:There are various wastewater treatment schemes available, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. The choice of which scheme to implement depends on factors such as the characteristics of the wastewater, level of contaminant removal required, site conditions, and available resources. The key is to select a treatment scheme that balances efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. Ultimately, proper wastewater treatment is essential for maintaining water quality and protecting the environment.6. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs): Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) involve the use of highly reactive oxidants to break down and remove organic and inorganic contaminants. Examples of AOPs include Ozonation, UV irradiation, and Fenton's reagent. These processes can effectively remove a wide range of pollutants, including pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and industrial chemicals. However, AOPs can be expensive and require careful control to avoid the formation of harmful by-products.7. Electrocoagulation (EC):Electrocoagulation is an electrochemical process that uses an electric current to destabilize and remove suspended particles, colloids, and soluble contaminants from wastewater. It involves the formation of metal hydroxides through the migration of metal ions from metal electrodes. EC is highly efficient in removing heavy metals, oil, and grease, as well as bacteria and viruses. However, it requires continuous monitoring and maintenance to ensure the efficiency and stability of the electrodes.8. Reverse Osmosis (RO):Reverse osmosis is a membrane-based technology that uses pressure to force water through a semipermeable membrane, removing contaminants. RO is highly effective in removing salts, ions, and other dissolved solids from wastewater. It is commonly used in desalination plants and in the treatment of highly contaminated industrial wastewater. However, RO requires high energy consumption and produces a concentrated brine stream that needs to be properly managed.9. Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR):Biological Nutrient Removal is a process that focuses on the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater. It involves the integration of nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal processes within a treatment system. BNR can achieve high nutrient removal efficiencies and is particularly important in areas with strict regulations on effluent nutrient levels, such as protecting sensitive aquatic ecosystems. However, BNR requires careful process control and monitoring to maintain optimum conditions for bacteria growth.10. Sludge Treatment and Disposal:One important aspect of wastewater treatment is the treatment and disposal of the sludge generated during the process. Sludge is the solid material separated from wastewater and contains a high concentration of organic matter and nutrients. Common sludge treatment methods include anaerobic digestion, composting, and incineration. These processes aim to stabilize the sludge, reduce volume, and minimize odor and environmental impacts. The treated sludge can then be used as fertilizer or disposed of in landfills.In conclusion, wastewater treatment schemes play a crucial role in safeguarding environmental and human health. Each treatment scheme has its specific advantages and disadvantages, and the selection of an appropriate scheme depends on various factors such as the characteristics of the wastewater, treatment goals, available resources, and site conditions. It is important to consider efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability when choosing a wastewater treatment scheme. Implementing proper and effective wastewater treatment is essential for maintaining water quality and ensuring the well-being of communities and ecosystems.。
cowos rdl工艺流程
cowos rdl工艺流程英文回答：Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction (CODR) process for COWOS.Process Overview:The CODR process for COWOS (coking wastewater) involves various stages to remove and treat organic pollutants, including biological treatment, chemical oxidation, and physical separation techniques. The main objective of this process is to reduce the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the wastewater, which is a measure of the amount of organic matter present.Biological Treatment:The CODR process typically begins with biological treatment, utilizing microorganisms to break down organiccompounds in the wastewater. Activated sludge or other biological treatment systems are employed to facilitate the oxidation of organic matter through aerobic or anaerobic processes. This stage helps to reduce the COD levels in the wastewater significantly.Chemical Oxidation:After biological treatment, the wastewater undergoes chemical oxidation to further reduce the COD. Chemical oxidants, such as hydrogen peroxide or ozone, are added to the wastewater, which react with and break down the remaining organic compounds. This process enhances the removal of refractory organic pollutants that may not be easily biodegradable by biological methods alone.Physical Separation:Following chemical oxidation, physical separation techniques are used to remove solids and other impurities from the wastewater. This may involve processes such as filtration, sedimentation, or flotation. These techniqueshelp to further reduce the COD and improve the overallwater quality.Sludge Management:The sludge generated during the biological and chemical treatment stages needs to be appropriately managed to prevent environmental impacts. Sludge treatment anddisposal methods, such as thickening, dewatering, and incineration, are employed to minimize the volume and potential hazards associated with the sludge.Benefits of CODR Process:Efficient reduction of COD and organic pollutants from COWOS.Improved wastewater quality for discharge or reuse.Compliance with environmental regulations and standards.Reduced potential for environmental pollution andadverse effects on aquatic life.中文回答：COWOS的化学需氧量（COD）降低工艺。
絮凝沉淀池悬浮物去除工艺流程及说明
絮凝沉淀池悬浮物去除工艺流程及说明In the field of wastewater treatment, the removal of suspended solids is a critical step to ensure clean and safe water before discharge. One effective method to achieve this is through the use of settling tanks, also known as sedimentation tanks or clarifiers.在废水处理领域中，悬浮物的去除是确保排放清洁和安全水源的关键步骤。
其中一种有效的方法是利用沉淀池，也称为沉砂池或澄清器。
The process begins with the introduction of raw wastewater into the settling tank. This raw wastewater contains a significant amount of suspended solids, such as organic matter, particles, and other contaminants. As the wastewater enters the tank, it undergoes a process called coagulation.处理过程始于将原始废水引入沉淀池中。
这个原始废水中含有大量的悬浮物，如有机物、颗粒和其他污染物。
当废水流入沉淀池时，它会经历一个叫做絮凝的过程。
During coagulation, chemicals known as coagulants are added to the wastewater. These coagulants help destabilize and aggregate suspended solids together into larger flocs or clumps. Commonly used coagulants include aluminum sulfate (Alum), ferric chloride, and polyaluminum chloride (PAC).在絮凝过程中，被称为絮凝剂的化学物质会加入到废水中。
《河湖淤泥处理处置技术导则》解读
彭瑜，雷勇，周小清，等 .《河湖淤泥处理处置技术导则》解读［J］. 水利水电技术，2019，50（ 增刊 2） ： 125-128. PENG Yu，LEI Yong，ZHOU Xiaoqing，et al. Interpretation of the Technical Guidelines of Silt Treatment and Disposal for Ｒiver and Lake ［J］. Water Ｒesources and Hydropower Engineering，2019，50（ S2） ： 125-128.
（ 1. Guangzhou PＲHＲI Engineering Survey and Design Co. ，Ltd. ，Guangzhou 510610，Guangdong，China； 2. The Pearl Ｒiver Hydraulic Ｒesearch Institute，Pearl Ｒiver Water Ｒesources Commission of the Ministry of Water Ｒesources，Guangzhou 510610，Guangdong，China）
0引言
2015 年 4 月，国务院 发 布《水 污 染 防 治 行 动 计 划》（ “水十条”） ，随即住房城乡建设部牵头，会同环 境保护部、水利部、农业部等部委编制了《城市黑臭
水体整治工作指南》。 “水十条”提出“到 2020 年，地级及以上城市建
成区黑臭水体均控制在 10% 以内，到 2030 年，城市 建成区黑臭水体总体得到消除”的控制性目标。
疏浚淤泥。为了使淤泥达到“减量化、稳定化、无害化、资源化”处理处置，并实现淤泥处理处置的
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Sludge Treatment and Disposal Technologies of ZhuhaiMunicipal Sewage Plant【abstract】sludge problem has become the bottleneck restricting social and economic development of zhuhai city. there are 6 sewage treatment plants in zhuhai so far, with total design scale reaching 336,000 m3/d and actual scale reaching 163,000 m3/d, while the sludge mass with 80% of moisture content achieves 145.5 t/d. however, with construction and development of the city, 7 more sewage treatment plants will be established and the sludge yield will increase to 828 t/d and 2106 t/d in 2010 and 2020, respectively. according to difference of functional areas where sewage treatment plants located in, applicability analyses of various sludge treatment and disposal technologies and selection of appropriate technical routes were conducted in terms of the principle of environment-concerned treatment. and guidelines of intensive disposal were put forward simultaneously based on the layout of sewage treatment plants.【key words】sewage sludge; sludge mass; technical route; intensive disposalmunicipal sewage treatment, sludge treatment and disposalare different and independent stages to compose a complete system. however, for lack of professional planning of water drainage and sludge treatment and disposal, combined with inadequate investigation of policy and fund etc., the sludge from municipal sewage plants can not get appropriate disposal in zhuhai. it results in disorder emission of sludge, secondary pollution, and may even reverse to the trend of concentrated environmental pollution.recently, the main process of sludge treatment and disposal in zhuhai is dewatering then transporting to the surrounding rural areas for discard or landfill. but with the raise of environmental awareness, the extensive management can not meet the requirements of environmental protection. in addition, because of zhuhai’s humid and pluvial climate resulting from its location in pearl river delta and sludge’s vulnerability to rain washout, secondary pollution has been initiated by overflow to surface water or osmosis to underground, which severely affects environmental sanitation in surrounding areas. therefore, research of sludge treatment and disposal is essential for benefits of environment, society and economy.1 present status and planning of sewage treatment plantsthere are 5 sewage treatment plants distributed in central city proper for the present: xiangzhou sewage treatment plant, jida sewage treatment plant, gongbei sewage treatment plant, north district sewage treatment plant and south district sewage treatment plant. the total design scale is 336,000 m3/d, which will increase to 363,000 m3/d in 2010 and 768,000 m3/d in 2020. table 1 shows the actual and design scale of each sewage treatment plant.with development of economy and society, the sewage treatment rate will arrive at 80% in 2010 and 90% in 2020. according to general planning of zhuhai (2003), a series of sewage treatment plants (table 2) will be constructed, and then the total design scale of sewage treatment will reach 1,103,000 m3/d in 2010 and 2,808,000 m3/d in 2020.2 forecast of sludge quantityproduction of sewage sludge was affected by various factors such as urban drainage system, sewage influent quality, treatment technology, sludge recirculation, sludge retention time, sludge treatment technology and so on. the determination of sewage sludge quantity was based on present statistical data of sewage sludge, taking volatility ofsewage scale into account comprehensively and referring to sludge yield of surrounding sewage plants. concrete steps were as follows.2.1 actual sludge production coefficient was calculated on the basis of actual statistical data of sewage sludge from operating plants;2.2 forecast was carried out referring to sludge yield of other sewage plants in other cities;2.3 the trend was estimated while sewage scale and sludge yield were determined, and then sludge production could be predicted reasonably.the result showed that the sludge production would be 75t per thousand m3 (80% of moisture). table 3 indicated the sludge production for present, in short and long term.3mode research of sludge disposalconsidering status of zhuhai and layout of planning sewage treatment plants, there were four schemes for layout of sludge disposal site: intensive disposal, relatively intensive disposal, distributed disposal in each sewage plant, concentrated disposal in landfill.3.1 disposal mode in central districtsince long-distance transportation would lead to greatercost, the sludge from 5 sewage plants in central district could not be transported to west district for disposal. and the surrounding area of south district sewage treatment plant and xikengwei refuse landfill site was large enough to meet the land requirements of concentrated, advanced sludge treatment and disposal. therefore, intensive disposal should be adopted as the mode of sludge treatment and disposal in central district.comparison of two sites nearby south district sewage treatment plant and xikengwei refuse landfill site was investigated in table 5. and the results showed that it was easier to construct a sludge center for treatment and disposal in the site in south district sewage treatment plant.3.2 disposal mode in surroundings of central districtthere were 8 sewage treatment plants in surroundings of central district. hengqin sewage treatment plant, which was only 5 km from south district sewage treatment plant, was constructed during period of downtown areas planning, so the sludge from hengqin could be transported to the sludge centre in south district for concentrated disposal. while qi’ao sewage treatment plant was far from south district and west district, an individual sludge center might be established.and two schemes could be adopted as the sludge disposal mode of other 6 plants planning in west district, comprehensively considering outlay and various influencing factors.for intensive scheme (scheme 1), an individual sludge center would be established for central treatment in planning of west district, and site alternatives were weighed in table 6. in conclusion, it was more reasonable to choose doumen sewage treatment plant as the sludge center of sewage plants in west district.the geographical conditions of zhuhai determined the scattered allocation of sewage plants. besides, a large quantity of sludge was generated from large-scale sewage plants. therefore, choosing relatively intensive scheme (scheme 2) meant falling cost in transportation and rising rationality for implement the project in phases. site election of sludge disposal centre for scheme 2 was given in table 7.comprehensive comparison was conducted between scheme 1 and 2 (table 8), and the results showed that scheme 2 had superiority in better maneuverability, economy, and ease of implementation. as a consequence, scheme 2 should be the bestdisposal mode in surroundings of central district, and 5 centers should be established, 4 of which would be in west district.4 selection of technical routefigure 1 showed sludge disposal methods according to classification of sewage sludge disposal in town(cj/t239-2007).4.1 process route of sludge center in south district sewage treatment plantsludge center in south district sewage treatment plant would serve 6 plants such as north district, xiangzhou, jida, gongbei, hengqin and south district. in the past, sewage from central district contained industrial wastewater. but with development of city, many factories that caused heavy pollution were relocated. therefore, “drying and combust”or “semi-drying and landfill” would be the best schemes for sludge disposal. and xikengwei landfill site might be the optimal end disposal place of sludge products.4.2 process route of sludge centers in doumen and yangguangzui sewage treatment plant4.2.1 “semi-drying and landfill” process: sludge was semi-dried in situ and transported to landfill site fordisposal individually or together with municipal solid waste. new landfill site would be built in jinwan and doumen as planned, on that account, sludge disposal of jinwan and doumen sewage treatment plant was not a problem.4.2.2 “drying and combust” process: disposal system should be established near the jing’an sewage treatment plant in doumen, so that the combust ashes could be landfilled (in doumen landfill site) or reused (as material of cement and dielectric cover clay).4.3 process route of sludge center in pearl harbor metro sewage treatment plant“drying and electricity generation” process was recommended. dried sludge could be reused for electricity generation in the large power station, or also could be incinerated to recycle the heat to drying unit. in addition, since doumen landfill site in planning would be close to pearl harbor metro sewage treatment plant, “semi-dried and landfill” process also seemed to be suitable.4.4 process route of sludge center in harbor district sewage treatment plantharbor district sewage treatment plant mainly treated industrial wastewater which contained high concentration ofheavy metal, so that regular sludge treatment and disposal could not meet the requisitions of emission standard of municipal solid pollutants. therefore, “drying, combust and ashes solidification” was suggested as the optimal process.4.5 process route of sludge center in qi’ao sewage treatment plantqi’ao island was a mangrove ecological park, which had large area for landscape planning. “compost and reuse by mangrove” process was most appropriate for sludge disposal for qi’ao sewage treatment plant, where the sewage were mainly from domestic resources.5conclusions and suggestions5.1 the sludge production of municipal sewage plants in zhuhai were 828 t/d in 2010, 2106 t/d in 2020 (80% of moisture);5.2 as to sludge treatment and disposal mode, intensive scheme should be taken in central district and a sludge center should be set up in south district sewage treatment plant. while relatively intensive scheme was more suitable to the surroundings of central district, 5 sludge centers should be established in doumen, pearl harbor metro, jinwan,yangguangzui and qi’ao sewage treatment plant, respectively.5.3 table 9 depicted the scale and process route of each sludge center.5.4 sewage sludge disposal in zhuhai should be planned as soon as possible in order to further clarify the layout, scale, location and investment of municipal sewage treatment plants.注：本文中所涉及到的图表、注解、公式等内容请以pdf格式阅读原文。