托福考试全部加试机经
2019年5月22日托福考试豆腐综合口语机经

2019年5月22日托福考试豆腐综合口语机经
S3:学校通知学生比较在毕业前完成10个小时的志愿者时间。
两个人讨论,女学生认为不合理,因为如果做为硬性要求的话,很多人不愿意做,因为学校要的是encourage而不是require,另一个原因是需要服务的community都很远,学生没有车,不方便到,所以不practical。
S5:—个学生遇到time conflict,又要去career fair又要去打工,那个女的说,你能够请cowoi'ker帮忙,但是男的说他不想,因为boss很nice不想惹麻烦。
后来那女的又说,你能够先去几分钟再去打工,能够先接触那些公司,之后再慢慢跟人家联系,那个男的说万一先去的没有他中意的公司呢?
S6:婴儿和他们的抚养者的感情(emotional development)是通过什么建立起来的。
以前认为是通过feed.家长给孩子食物,孩子就对家长更依赖,他们之间建立了 bond。
后来提出了不是这么回事,而是warm and loving touch是孩了 love 家长。
做丫个实验baby monkeys, two substitute mother made of metal wire,但是有一个mothei包上丫毛域外壳。
小猴分两组,一组是金属妈妈喂,另一组是毛绒妈妈喂,平时不是吃饭时间小猴能够随便touch两个妈妈,发现不管被谁喂,所有小猴都喜欢毛绒妈妈,所以证明丫 touching是感情的。
题目让叙述实验怎么证实这个说法的。
月日托福机经

2009年1月10日托福机经1月10日托福机经阅读:第一篇: functionism(忘了是这个词还是functional) culture第一段先举了生物学的例子,这里有题,问为什么要举生物学的例子。
大概就是典型的结构主义思想,每一个器官都是有功能的。
引出文化,文化也一样,不是无缘无故的。
然后给出了两个人的观点。
第一个人的意思是每一个文化主要取决于大众的需要,并且大众的需要分两层,第一是basic demand,衣食住行,第二层是宗教,政治还是什么的。
但是这个理论有缺陷,就是他不能解释为什么每个文化都需要解决基本需求问题,但是文化和文化之间不一样呢。
另一个人的观点是文化是用来消除亲家之间的conflict的,后面记得不是很清楚,不敢乱说了。
最后貌似说了这两个观点都不是完美的第二篇:讲古代人的畜牧史,貌似就是说古代人掌握了动物什么时候来喝水,然后就趁机下手逮动物。
其中两个概念很混乱,breeding和domestication,想死的感觉啊……!记得比较清楚的是说,他们并不是每种动物都养,经过了很多代人的经验,才放弃了一些不好养的动物。
第三篇:美国觉得污染会杀死鱼,于是设立了sanctum,但是在这里面可以捕鱼。
所以造成了过度捕捞,过度捕捞比起污染什么的对鱼的数量下降来说更致命。
鱼随之会变得更少,并且更小。
外界环境也会影响鱼,温度,气候什么的。
鱼类有丰富营养,比如鳗鱼什么的,每年增长速度貌似才5%,但是每年增加的需求量就有15%。
然后说了中国养了很多鱼。
最后说了海藻,海藻繁殖快,营养高,相比之下,农产品生产过程很慢。
日本就养海藻。
加试:电报电话在欧洲和美国的发展,鸟类学说话1月10日托福机经听力:1. 学生放假忘了cancel电话服务,暑假的时候貌似他的宿舍有人住,电话打爆了,她的电话费就奇高无比。
但是她和电话公司签了合同,上面有说了不用要自己cancel的。
最后老师说可以帮助联系下暑假住的学生,但是如果联系不到,那个女生就要自掏电话费了。
12月托福机经——阅读(手工整理)

第一篇英国工业的发展关于英国经济的兴起,主要是由于工业化后出口量(volume of exports)大增。
商业(commerce; trade; business)以棉花的发展为 lead,次要是煤、丝等,之後 coal replace the wood成了主要的 fuel。
英国之所以成了欧洲重心的原因有:英国国内政治稳定统一,语言一致,没有internal tariff(关税),有标准化的xx,得益于bank and finance investment 的发达(推动贷款(loan),減少 tax)(题目,排除题,选 tariff)。
英国有便捷的交通和有力的地理位置,所有的城市都离海不远,最远不过 70 mile,水运方便,raw(自然状态的) material 和 goods 运输顺畅(运铁),即使到 Ireland 的edinburgh(爱丁堡)也只需 60 小时车程。
其他欧洲国家当时都没有这些特点。
英国有皇家海军的保护,政府采取低税收(题目,但是对 high-quality woolen 收税),政府会出面与他国谈判低进口税。
英国从印度等殖民地(colony; plantation; settltment)廉价進口rm,然后出口 finished goods。
(一名学者adam 不支持这个理论)。
第二篇艺术与地点的关系讲 art 与 location(place)的关系,以其历史发展来说,art 刚开始时都必须依附 location,它们是紧密联系(contact; connection; integrate)的,painting 和sculpture 是不能动的,只能固定在某个地方,例如古代的洞穴壁画(cave painting)、教堂顶(church roof)的壁画,后来发明了 ease painting,随着portable(便于携带的,手提的,轻便的)东西的出现,例如 vase(花瓶)、雕像(statue)、小饰品(accessory),可以带着到处创作,教堂的玻璃画也是画好了再加上去的,渐渐地 art 和 location 开始分离了。
托福机经

托福机经一、Fire Disturbance and Landscape Patterns 火灾干扰与景观格局我们在景观中看到的植物生长方式受到过去和现在的干扰的严重影响。
干扰频率是指在特定时间间隔内发生的干扰时间的数量。
在许多地区,火灾是景观格局的主要因素。
各种森林生态系统似乎在一定的火灾频率下燃烧和发展。
一些植物群落依靠很少的大规模干扰来再生,但是当干扰以太频繁的间隔出现时,它们会做出负面反应。
对于依靠或来再生的物种或群体,不能将或视为干扰,相反,抑制火情将会成为干扰。
当抑制树木的天然昆虫捕食者以保护可能受到影响的木材区域时,也会发生类似的效果。
真题例句:1、在温带和热带森林中,小规模的自然干扰(如个别树木的死亡)经常发生。
In temperate and tropical forests, small-scale natural disturbances (such as the death of individual trees) occur frequently.2、在森林生态系统中,火灾发生的频率因森林类型的不同而有很大的差异。
This amount of time was needed for sufficient surface material, dead stems, and leaves to accumulate.In forest ecosystems, the frequency of fires varies greatly, depending on the type of forest.二、The Second Technological Wave 第二次技术浪潮从1700年代开始,欧洲在技术和劳动组织方面都发生了巨大变化,这些变化现在被称为工业革命,特别是由于蒸汽机的发展和用于防治(布)制造的改进机器的推动。
两种新型发动机都对工业经济的进一步发展产生的许多影响。
托福口语机经与答题范例

托福口语机经与答题范例TOEFL 口语讲义[键入文字]Rachel H口语考试What is the purpose of Response?1.2.模拟美国大学的上课氛围及学生的校园生活,要求学生具备在英语环境下听课并作课堂笔记的能力,比较、总结并阐述自己观点的能力;学生能够用英文处理校园生活中出现的问题的能力。
学生能不能参与日常的对话,表达自己的观点并能在各种场合中用英文与人交流What do we need to do in Response Task?Part One Independent tasksTask 1 &Task 2 : Ask & AnswerPart Two Integrated tasksTask 3&4Reading+ Listening + SpeakingTask 5 & 6Listening + Speaking Speaking section 时间分配表TOEFL 口语讲义[键入文字]Rachel HTASK 1Topic 1 PlaceQuestions (outdoor)If you could live abroad where would you go?(口语特训)Describe your favorite city you’ve lived before. (06-01-06)What is your favorite place you would like to travel with your friends (06-01-14)What kind of park or public place would you like go? (06-01-21)Introduce one of your favorite cities. (06-07-15)Describe a school you attend, why do you think it is special?( 06-09-23)Describe your Favorite Park or public place. (06-11-17)What place you never visited before you wanna visit it the most (07-01-19)Choose a natural place from this list and explain why, forest, mountain, shore,dessert, city. (07-04-21)说一个你未来打算去的地方,为什么? (07.08.11)说一下天气好的时候,你喜欢去的户外场所(07.08.17)描述你所住城市里的一个你最喜欢的地方07.12.01描述一个你一直以来很想去但没有去过的地方 08.02.02描述你儿时喜欢去的一个地方,并说明原因 08.03.08模板答案必须是符合各种条件的一个地方,其中包括了国内/国外/学校/公共场合/天然地方45 秒钟的时间可以完成 80-100单词答案必须包含细节和事例Questions (indoor)Where would you like to go with your friends, restaurant, café or home? (06-02-11)Describe your favorite room (07-01-13)Features of café or restaurant you like? (07-01-14)介绍你最喜欢的房间,可以是你自己的卧室或是其他的 08.04.27 可以运用里面的个别词汇点题,让听者知道你所叙述的地方Topic 2 peopleQuestionsWho is the person in your family that has influenced your life a lot?(口语特训)Describe the character of a good teacher has. (06-03-03)Who is the person you admire the most? (06-03-17)Describe the character of a person you admire. (06-03-18)TOEFL 口语讲义[键入文字]Rachel HWho is the person influence you the most. (06-05-26)Describe a character you find out fromyour friend. (06-06-24)What do you think are the good characters of a good parent? (06-08-12)What is the quality do you think a leader needs to have? (06-10-21)Who is the person you respect the most? (06-10-22)Who would you love talking with and what would you talk about? (07-06-24)描述给你正面影响的一个人 07.09.22当遇到问题时,你会向谁寻求帮助?07.09.29描述你认为重要的一个朋友品质 07.10.20你认为老师最重要的品质是什么?07.11.03作为 leader,应该需要有什么样的品质。
2019 年 11 月 2 日托福机经

2019年11月2日托福阅读机经1.深海生物2.冷血动物居住在不同纬度,北美南美和非洲的物种多样性3.irrigation对civilization的重要性4.英国人口减少5.恐龙是哪种孵化6.Domestication7.农业变革8.二战之后经济增长9.古希腊发展10.一种青蛙的分布11.石头对考古的重要性12.讲石头对考古的重要性,以前认为海洋很热,后续研究海洋只有40度,所以生物起源比以前以为的要早,之前假定古时候海洋和天空现在海洋成分差不多,现在证明以前的氢更多,导致那时的大气成分也不同13.古罗马蓄水的发展14.Greece Emerges from the Dark Ages15.Irrigation and Early Civilizations16.Dinosaurs and Parental Care17.The Decline in the Population18.The Green Revolution19.A Debate about Dinosaurs20.The Postwar Economic Boom21.The Evolution of Grass and Herbivores22.The Development of Agriculture23.Amphibian Distribution and Abundance24.Calcium Carbonate in the Ocean2019年11月2日托福听力机经Conversation1.学生越过老师去申请了一个什么职务,但是实际上是要学校选举的2.老师推荐写澳大利亚自己开窍的印象派画家3.女生找教授问为什么自己上次交的作业分数低,教授说她交晚了,并说下次presentation女生还有机会提高分数,然后女生说自己想的演讲内容,最后说之后paper也想写这个主题,教授让她讲完presentation再补充4.音乐小组5.考古课作业陶器6.课堂作业团队合作咨询7.一个同学不想group work,想独自完成问卷调查,他不满意组员的时间冲突8.最优选择理论9.学生换一个校园工作,现在的工作不适合她;她有志愿者经历,符合老师推荐的另一个工作,但这个工作在校园外,学生没车有驾照,可以用短途汽车Lecture1.Britain second-century的人口减少原因2.农作物家养3.外来鱼类对great lake的影响4.造山运动,板块学说的提出影响了之前的认识5.研究3-5岁小孩子具有planning的能力,让他们共同解决问题,设置了两组,用工具拿到玩具6.月球上可能有水7.地形变化板块理论8.岩画9.气候变化反射理论10.心理学实验孩子合作11.提到发现了一个M,在另一处也发现了。
托福口语机经(答案)

Describe one way of life in your country that has been changed and why it is beneficialDo you like to prepare for something in the beginning or wait just before the due date?What did you learn in your childhood?Some people like to have a tight schedule while others prefer to have a lot of free time. What about you?Describe a person who always makes you laugh. Explain why the person is funny. Include details and examples in your explanation.Some people prefer to live in a place most of their life. Other people prefer to move to different places. Which do you prefer and why? Use specific reasons and examples to support your response.Talk about something you wanted to do but never had time to do yet. Describe the details and explain the reason.Do you prefer to do couples of small assignments or one or two big assignments?Among the following three types of books – mystery, science fiction and biography,which do you like the least? Explain why.Do you like to travel alone or with your family members? Explain your answer with details and examples.What kind of activity do you enjoying doing most at school? Explain why you enjoy doing this activity.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Artists (painters, musicians, etc.) are born and not taught.Describe a skill you have that you want to improve. Describe the details of what you will do to improve it.Do you agree or disagree the following statement: Advertising has too much influence on what people buy.What suggestions would you give to a friend who wants to improve his/her score in class?Well, I think there are many ways that h/she can make use of to enhance his/her academic performance. He can join a study group where h/she can ask other group members for clarifying difficult points. I would also advise him to preview what the professor is going to discuss the next day and review what the professor has taught. That way he/she will understand better the teaching content and the knowledge will retain much longer. Also make full use of the office hours, if he/she encounters difficulties, the professor is always glad to offer a helping hand.Some people like to purchase books from a book store while others like to borrow books from the library. Which do you prefer and why?I prefer buying books to borrowing books. True, borrowing books can save you a lot of money and you can get almost any book, even the latest releases if you are willing to wait or join a queue. However, you have to return it on time even if you have not finished it. However, by buying the book, you can read it wherever you want and whenever you want, and once you have read it, you can lend it to friends and family or even give it as a gift. Another strength of owing books is that we can take whatever notes on the margin of the pages of the books.Is it beneficial for students to have computers at school?In my opinion, the computer is an essential tool for students both in their studies and their life. For example, the other day, my English teacher assigned a project. With the help of my computer, I found a lot of useful information and made several neat PPT slides to facilitate my presentation. Through computers, students can complete school assignments or even take online courses. Besides, computers can serve as a medium for students to communicate by sending and receiving E-mails and instant messages. Furthermore, with computers, students can access the internet to find information about news, weather, sports and products, to listen to or watch television, movies or radio, making purchases or even finding jobs. Therefore, the computer is a must for students.Would you keep on expressing your honest opinions, even if you know that they will not be approved by others?I will voice my opinion even when I am aware that others might disagree with it cause it’s my right as an independent individual to communicate how I feel about a particular subject. Disagreement will show my individuality and make others respect me. Someone who just concurs with whatever others say will go nowhere. What’s more, by clearly expressing my own thoughts I can hone my debating and communicative skills as well as critical and logical thinking.Talk about a recent event or celebration you went to. Do you think that everyone who went there had a good time?I recently attended my cousin’s wedding ceremony. My cousin is an engineer who is now living and working in the U.S. It was really a grand occasion. All the relatives including my 90 year old grandpa were present. I guess there must be over a hundred people. We had a magnificent dinner at a restaurant. During the dinner we talked, proposed toasts to each other. There were traditional opera performances to watch. I guess everybody was having a good time except my aunt and uncle. The reason is that my cousin is their only son and after the wedding he’d have to back to the States, therefore my aunt and uncle won’t get to see him very often.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Sixteen-year-old people are not mature enough to drive.In my opinion sixteen-year-olds are way too young to drive without supervision. After all, they are still high school students, they tend be reckless, always looking for fun and excitement. That might lead to accidents. Also, I recently read a news report that suggested that the teen brain — the part that weighs risks, makes judgments and controls impulsive behavior is not developed enough. Therefore, they are generally not ready to face thelife-threatening risks that drivers can encounter behind the wheel.Of the following three professions, which one do you think is the most important for society: primary school teacher, nurse or artist?It is my considered opinion that of the three professions listed, primary school teachers contributed most to society and are therefore the most important. First of all, it is likely that a person may not attend college or even secondary school; however, most people attend primary school to receive basic education, so primary school teachers influence most people’s lives. What’s more, primary school teachers play an important role in developing a child’s intellect and work habits. Primary school is the first time most children are in a strictly educational environment. While pre-kindergarten and kindergarten classes do teach children some basic skills and knowledge, such as shapes and colors, primary school immerses children in the educational environment they will be experiencing until graduation from high school.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People under 18 years old are not mature enough to vote.I think that 18 is a suitable age at which individuals have the necessary capacity to independently decide how to cast a vote. First of all, at 18, most people have finished their high school, which means they are literate and have the reasoning ability, and this is the prerequisite for voting. Secondly, at 18 a person can have his/her driving license. If we allow them to drive, we should also recognize that they are mature enough to vote. Finally, in today’s society 18-year-olds are more mature than ever before and there is no significant gap between an18-year-old’s ability to vote and people who are older. In fact many 40-year-olds are incapable to make informed decisions.What kind of music do you like the least? Give reasons why you do not like this kind of music.Some college students like to spend their time free time studying another course or doing schoolwork. Others like to join a club and enjoy club activities. Which do you think is better and why?One of your friends wants to drop out of college. Do you think it is a good idea or not? Why?Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In order to be successful, a person should study in the university.Are the ways you study different from others, and how?Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Playing computer or video games has a negative influence on teenagers.。
新托福考试阅读经典加试原文及答案:Bird song

智 课 网 托 福 备 考 资 料
新托福考试阅读经典加试原文及答案:Bird song
Brid song是新托福考试阅读部分的经典加试题之一,很多朋友在考试时都会遇到。
下面是这篇经典阅读加试的原文题目和答案,供各位T友参考。
一:机经原文
文章讲科学家以finch(地雀)和white-croened sparrow(白冠雀)为研究对象,研究鸟类多变的叫声究竟是受(genetic)遗传因素影响多,还是(environment )后天的影响多。
二:考试题目
Q1:为什么文章开始主要说雄鸟的叫声?
A1:因为雄鸟间的叫声差别不大;
Q2:这些实验的实验目的是什么?
A2:研究是环境还是遗传因素影响了鸟类的鸣叫的学习。
Q3:为什么把幼鸟关在实验室里?
A3;使他们不能从成鸟处学习鸟鸣。
Q4:词汇题:mimic
A4:=imitate
Q5:unreceptive
A5:=not accept
Q6:ultimately
A6:=finally
Q7:reinforce
A7:=intensify
Q8:proliferate
A8:=reproduce rapidly
Q9:superb
A9:=excellent
Q10:optimal
A10:=best
Q11:blur
A11:=dim
Q12:evident A12:=clear。
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READING加试-苏美尔文明Mesopotamia的背景:美索不达米亚(亚洲西南部Tigris 和Euphrates 两河流域间的古王国, 今伊拉克所在地)美索不达米亚古代西南亚介于底格里斯河和幼发拉底河之间的一个地区,位于现在的伊拉克境内。
可能在公元前5000年以前就开始有人在此定居。
这一地区孕育了众多的人类早期文明,其中包括苏美尔文明、阿卡德文明、巴比伦文明和亚述文明。
蒙古侵略者在公元1258年破坏了该地区发达的灌溉系统之后,这一地区的重要性就此减小。
纳米比亚地区,一种civilization 还和埃及比较了一下。
关于两河civilization和Egypt civilization的。
他们同时存在,有交流,但没有一方压倒另一方。
Egypt的体制根两河的政治体制不一样,一个united under 一个什么体制下,另外一个则由于地理条件的制约不存在united format。
另外两河的文明很少有tangible substance 留下来,因为他们的architecture? structure 与Egypt不一样,对他们文字的研究也是通过发掘fragment的方法研究的。
还讲了两河的local lord,这人不是fiction的,他对他那个city state具有很大的influence,文中讲到的是economic aspect.同时,他传话通过一个叫做人君的人传话。
讲Mesopotamia的culture,和Egypt的文化对比。
因为两者是两河流域的同时发展起来的文化(考:Mesopotamia文化是独立于Egypt的文化)然后讲述Mesopotamia culture的特点:建筑物没有Egypt的牢固,文化没有文字记载等。
好像有个考题:location of Ur。
)Sumerian civilaization开头,it is astonishing that...两个地方在同一时间产生了两种文化,并且互有交流。
一个是尼罗河的埃及文化,一个是两河流域的M地文化。
埃及文化仰仗尼罗河,河水孕育了富饶的土地,两岸有沙漠作为自然屏障。
M地不一样,河水土地narrow and shallow,周围没有起保护作用的天然屏障。
(1)astonishing这个词是什么意思?我选的amazing(2)在公元XXX年,尼罗文化和M文化同时发展。
对原文这句话的同意改写。
M地很少出现一个唯一的统治者,即使有,掌权时间也是很短暂的。
地理上容易受外界侵袭,不像埃及那样,有唯一的统治者。
埃及有divine kingship,M地内乱外乱一堆,内乱和外乱是替换。
(3)内乱外侵are its substitute.考察指代,its substitute是什么、我选的devine kingship。
即使M地这么乱,它的culture and artistic continuity are remarkable.(4)那个对m地文化的描述不对?我选的:文化和艺术发展不连续。
M地的文字和其他的文化没有什么联系。
M地人没有埃及那样对hereafter来世的概念。
而且他们的建筑材料是mud and wood,不持久,虽然在city of Ur.发现了一些富人的坟墓。
(5)Ur城市地点在哪里?前一段末尾说M地的什么在两河交流处。
本段说m人来自P 地,在southern M地。
选项记得三个,egypt, northern M,两河交汇处。
我选的最后一个。
(6)虽然在city of Ur.发现了一些富人的坟墓。
这句话的作用?对M地的了解只能通过extration的东西,上面有vast XXX。
(7)vast这个词的意思我选的large number(8)插入,插入文字:虽然学者们对M地的研究取得了如此成就,我们对M地人的生活了解很有限。
M地不同地区有不同的god和human ruler。
human ruler带领人们进行祭神的活动。
god不仅呼风唤雨,对土地有所有权,而且能够分配人力资源,还能XXX。
divine 的XXX不是fiction,从M地的神身上就能看出来。
M地有divine socialism,神庙条配人力和庄稼。
所以说,虽然wrting是宗教相关的,我们会发现神庙的记录都是和经济和农业相关的。
(9)对M地神的描述哪个不对?我选的,一个神和另一个神打架。
(10)为什么说那个divineXXX 不是ficiton?答案对应原文,记不清楚了。
(11)....a considerable part of harvest... considerable是什么意思?选表示很多的那个词。
(12)考察全文主要内容的多项选择。
第五篇达尔文进化论关于natural selection,Darwin 的natural selection本来需要long time evolution 来验证,本文则是用了两个relatively short evolution's examples 来support natural selection。
1st,人为控制条件。
有一种鱼,在predator多的时候,life-span, size, mate, reproduction都有变化,为什么变化。
然后,再将一部分放入predator少的pool中,offspring发生了很多changes,比如比它们的ancestor size上要大,下egg少了,等等。
整个实验耗时11y;2ed,自然条件变化。
我们需要做的只是observe。
讲的是finch,有关它们beak的大小的。
cause是lethal drought。
自然选择对生物的影响(与达尔文的不同)两个例子,guppy 在predator多和少池塘里生活,大小不同(offspring 的大小多少)和一种鸟在小岛上适应干旱( large &small) 讲Darwin的nature selection,开始讲到生物的自然演变要经历很长的时间,这种限制是Darwin当时不能用experiment证明nature selection的原因(第一题考),然后讲了现代生物学家发现在短期可以观察到nature selection给动物的一些特性带来的变化。
举例时用guppy这种鱼,他们生活在下游时由于predator很多,所以繁殖的速度很快;但当科学家把他们带到上游生活(那里的predator很少),他们的繁殖的速度明显变慢了。
又举了一个bird的例子,当干旱(drought)时那些站着长而硬的beak的bird往往能生存下来(这里考了个生词decimation=destruction),这样一来这一地区的这种bird很快都有了长而硬的beak(考:长而硬的beak可以打碎large size的grain)开头,达尔文认为自然选择are too slow for people to witness.(1)witness是什么意思,选observe(2)为什么达尔文这么认为?选自然选择要进行很长一段时间。
R科学家那guppy做试验。
(3)试验描述guppy总是grow as quickly as possible to mate,产生as many offsprings.早熟的代价是life span变短,每个offspring也不能得到太多母guppy的engergy。
the risk of early death are offset by other risks.说的这一段是什么作用?前一段末尾说了,R put the predications into test.这段是描述试验,测试猜测。
(4)offset这个词的意思?balanced。
R又测试,把guppy从捕食者多的地方放到捕食者少的pool里养,他们相对晚熟,活的更久,每窝产更少的蛋,蛋的个头比对比组都大。
(5)对上述内容那个说法不对?对,每窝产更多卵。
有些自然选择不需要人的干预就能在短时间内发生。
(6)插入,插入内容是,在这种情况下,生物学家只要活的久就能观察到变化。
某地干旱,一对夫妇学者观察那里的一种鸟,birds with small beaks only eat small seeds. birds with long beaks could eat large seeds because their beaks are strong enough to break the large seeds.干旱的时候小种子少,嘴短的鸟死了,嘴长的鸟存活。
存活的鸟和第二年的鸟交配,后代的鸟嘴整体变长。
雨量又充足的时候,又足够小种子,这个时候,新出生的鸟的鸟嘴又变短了。
(7)长嘴鸟的优势?打碎种子。
(8)鸟嘴和guppy试验的共同点?好像选的都在相对短的时间发生,自然选择人类可以观察到。
(9)雨量充足的日子鸟嘴又变短了,忘了考的什么题目。
(10)考察全文主要内容的多选第六篇说o动物是marsupial(有袋动物)的一种,然后说marsupial跟一般动物的不一样(一般动物有个名字忘记了),主要是在生理结构上,然后说marsupial is primitive(原始简单的),(有题,问为什么except).然后文章说了很久很久以前,大陆都是连到一起的,然后分开之后,marsupial在美洲竞争不过其他动物了,所以只有澳洲的marsupial很flourish,那么美洲的呢?说南美和北美再次连接起来之后,很多食肉动物南下,把marsupial都吃了。
然后说o动物很奇特,跟其他marsupial不一样,所以他才可以留在美洲大陆,然后说很多人觉得o 动物不进化,但是事实证明他是最近才来到北美的(这点没看明白)然后说o动物适应能力好,什么都吃,人扔的垃圾都吃,所以他活下来了。
第七篇说威尼斯的盐事业,说威尼斯本来自己产盐,跟另外一个城市竞争,但是威尼斯的盐是细盐,要粗盐还要进口,另外自然灾害来了,那个威尼斯专门产盐的地方被端了,所以他只能进口了(有两项选择)。
然后说没想到,威尼斯做盐贸易作发财了,然后越做越好,盐的贸易刺激了其他产品的买卖,然后还说政府制定一些规定,说政府虽然不拥有盐,但是管理盐,跟中国不一样(有题,问中国什么样)然后威尼斯就很牛了,开始跟其他国家签合同,说你们只能卖我的,不能卖别人的,(有词汇题,stipulate)然后还在海上查岗,跟海上警察一样。
)第四篇玛雅文明在公元前900年后的发展, 主要几个region原来是独立的,后来就有融合了,但又不是完全融合,有自己的特点第五篇(加试)讨论地核物质成分,科学家根据地震波传导的快慢,确定了地核的成分与地表的成分不同。
然后科学家发现火山爆发出来的物质有钻石,证明地球深层是一个高温高压的环境,因为钻石只能在这种情况下产生。