辽宁省新民市第一高级中学2019届高三上学期第一次月考
新民市高级中学2018-2019学年上学期高三数学10月月考试题
新民市高级中学2018-2019学年上学期高三数学10月月考试题 班级__________ 座号_____ 姓名__________ 分数__________一、选择题（本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分.每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.）1． 若，[]0,1b ∈，则不等式221a b +≤成立的概率为（ ）A ．16π B ．12π C ．8π D ．4π 2． 已知的终边过点()2,3，则7tan 4πθ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭等于（ ）A ．15-B ．15C ．-5D ．53． △ABC 的内角A ，B ，C 所对的边分别为，，，已知a =b =6A π∠=，则B ∠=（ ）111]A ．4π B ．4π或34π C ．3π或23π D ．3π4． 随机变量x 1～N （2，1），x 2～N （4，1），若P （x 1＜3）=P （x 2≥a ），则a=（ ） A ．1 B ．2 C ．3 D ．45． 一个几何体的三个视图如下，每个小格表示一个单位, 则该几何体的侧面积为（ ）A.4πB.C. 5πD. 2π+【命题意图】本题考查空间几何体的三视图，几何体的侧面积等基础知识，意在考查学生空间想象能力和计算能力．6． 给出下列各函数值：①sin100°；②cos （﹣100°）；③tan （﹣100°）；④．其中符号为负的是（ ） A ．①B ．②C ．③D ．④7． 已知三次函数f （x ）=ax 3+bx 2+cx+d 的图象如图所示，则=（ ）A ．﹣1B ．2C ．﹣5D ．﹣38． 某大学数学系共有本科生1000人，其中一、二、三、四年级的人数比为4：3：2：1，要用分层抽样的方法从所有本科生中抽取一个容量为200的样本，则应抽取三年级的学生人数为（ ） A ．80 B ．40C ．60D ．209． 已知函数f(x)是定义在R 上的奇函数，当x ≥0时，.若,f(x-1)≤f(x),则实数a 的取值范围为A[] B[]C[]D[] 10．下列函数中，与函数()3x xe ef x --=的奇偶性、单调性相同的是（ ）A ．(ln y x =B ．2y x =C ．tan y x =D ．x y e = 11．已知函数f （x ）=sin 2（ωx ）﹣（ω＞0）的周期为π，若将其图象沿x 轴向右平移a 个单位（a ＞0），所得图象关于原点对称，则实数a 的最小值为（ ）A ．πB ．C ．D ．12．设,,a b c 分别是ABC ∆中，,,A B C ∠∠∠所对边的边长，则直线sin 0A x ay c ++=与sin sin 0bx B y C -+=的位置关系是（ ）A ．平行B ． 重合C ． 垂直D ．相交但不垂直二、填空题（本大题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分.把答案填写在横线上）13．函数1()lg(1)1f x x x=++-的定义域是 ▲ ． 14．已知函数22tan ()1tan x f x x =-，则()3f π的值是_______，()f x 的最小正周期是______.【命题意图】本题考查三角恒等变换，三角函数的性质等基础知识，意在考查运算求解能力．15．某工厂产生的废气经过过虑后排放，过虑过程中废气的污染物数量P （单位：毫克/升）与时间t （单位：小时）间的关系为0ektP P -=（0P ，k 均为正常数）．如果前5个小时消除了10%的污染物，为了 消除27.1%的污染物，则需要___________小时.【命题意图】本题考指数函数的简单应用，考查函数思想，方程思想的灵活运用.16．方程（x+y ﹣1）=0所表示的曲线是 ．三、解答题（本大共6小题，共70分。
辽宁省沈阳市新民第一高级中学高一物理月考试卷含解析
辽宁省沈阳市新民第一高级中学高一物理月考试卷含解析一、选择题：本题共5小题，每小题3分，共计15分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意1. （多选题）如图物体A叠放在物体B上，B置于光滑水平面上．A，B质量分别为m A=6kg，m B=2kg，A，B之间的动摩擦因数μ=0.2，开始时F=10N，此后逐渐增加，在增大到45N的过程中，则（取g=10m/s2）（）A．当拉力F＜12N时，两物体均保持相对静止状态B．两物体开始没有相对运动，当拉力超过12N时，开始相对滑动C．两物体间从受力开始就有相对运动D．两物体间始终没有相对运动参考答案：AD解：隔离对B分析，当AB间摩擦力达到最大静摩擦力时，A、B发生相对滑动，则a B===6m/s2．再对整体分析F=（m A+m B）a=8×6N=48N．知当拉力达到48N时，A、B才发生相对滑动．在F小于48N时，两者是保持相对静止的，相对于地面是运动的．故选：AD．2. 受斜向上的恒定拉力作用,物体在粗糙水平面上做匀速直线运动,则下列说法中正确的是 ( )A.拉力在竖直方向的分量一定大于重力B.拉力在竖直方向的分量一定等于重力C.拉力在水平方向的分量一定大于摩擦力D.拉力在水平方向的分量一定等于摩擦力参考答案：D3. 用力F把质量为ｍ的物体从地面静止举高ｈ时物体的速度为ｖ，则（）A．重力做功为－ｍｇｈ； B．力F做功为ｍｇｈ；C．重力势能增加为ｍｇｈ D．合力做功为参考答案：ACD4. （多选题）关于向心力的下列说法中正确的是（）A．向心力不改变做圆周运动物体速度的大小B．做匀速圆周运动的物体，其向心力是不变的C．做圆周运动的物体，所受合力一定等于向心力D．做匀速圆周运动的物体，一定是所受的合外力充当向心力参考答案：AD【考点】向心力；匀速圆周运动．【分析】做匀速圆周运动的物体所受的合力总是指向圆心，大小不变，故又称向心力；物体做变速圆周运动时，合力不总是指向圆心，故合力不一定等于向心力．【解答】A、向心力总是指向圆心，而速度总是沿着切线方向，故向心力一定垂直于速度，不改变速度的大小，因而A正确；B、做匀速圆周运动的物体所受的合力总是指向圆心，方向不断变化，是变力，故B错误；C、物体做变速圆周运动时，合力不总是指向圆心，故合力不一定等于向心力，故C错误；D、做匀速圆周运动的物体所受的合力总是指向圆心，大小不变，故又称向心力，因而D正确；故选AD．5. 质量为m的小球在竖直平面内的圆形轨道的内侧运动，经过最高点而不脱离轨道的临界速度值是v，当小球以2v的速度经过最高点时，对轨道的压力值为( )A．0 B．mg C．3mg D．5mg参考答案：C二、填空题：本题共8小题，每小题2分，共计16分6. 如图质量为20kg的物体在动摩擦系数为0.1的水平面上向左运动，在运动过程中受到水平向右、大小为10N的拉力作用，则物体所受摩擦力的大小为_______方向向_____（g=10N/kg）参考答案：20N 向右7. （6分）质量为2kg的物体，自由下落，不计空气阻力，则物体在下落1m和4m时的动能之比为；下落1s内和下落2s内重力的平均功率之比为。
2019-2020学年新民市第一高级中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案
2019-2020学年新民市第一高级中学高三英语上学期期中试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项A阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The opening ceremony for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games was held at the Olympic Stadium in Tokyo on July 23, 2021 after a year of waiting due to the pandemic. Let's take a look at the highlights which make this opening ceremony unique.No spectatorsThere are no spectators during the opening ceremony in an effort to prevent the spread of the coronavirus infections. About 950 people, including officials and journalists, will watch in the main stadium, organizers said. Fewer athletes are expected to attend the ceremony because many are not allowed to stay for the entire Games due to COVID-19 restrictions.Male and female flag-bearersThe International Olympic Committee has actively encouraged all delegations toselect two flag-bearers at the opening ceremony, including one woman, as women's participation in the Tokyo Games reaches 48.8 percent, making it the most gender-balanced Olympics in the history of the event.Oath (宣誓) session updatedOne of the most symbolic parts of the opening ceremony—the Olympic oath—has been significantly adapted in order to “highlight the importance of solidarity, inclusion, non-discrimination and equality”. The number of oath-takers is also extended from three to six—two athletes, two coaches and two judges.Simplified ceremonyIn the 30-second video showing the rehearsal of the opening ceremony released to the public, the performances are integrated with dances, scenery and other display elements used in Japanese traditional festival activities.In order to prevent and control the COVID-19 pandemic and manage the cost, the Tokyo 2020 Organizing Committee said that the performances of the ceremony will be greatly simplified, with more light and shadow technology used instead of real decorations at the scene.1.Why isn't there any spectator during the opening ceremony?A.To limit the number of people present.B.To highlight the spirit of the Olympic Games.C.To control the spread of an infectious disease.D.To make room for the athletes all over the world.2.Why is each delegation encouraged to select one woman as a flag-bearer in Tokyo Olympics?A.Women will be in a leading position in sports.B.Women athletes make up a larger percentage than ever.C.Women will play a more important part in society.D.More and more women will take part in the Olympic Games.3.Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?A.Oath-takers are made up of six athletes.B.Tokyo uses more real decorations to cut the cost.C.About 950 people watch the entire games in the Tokyo Games.D.The opening ceremony presents the traditional culture of Japan.BBecause of COVID-19, in many places, large gatherings of people aren’t allowed. In some areas, the rules are more strict, and people aren't allowed to leave their homes unless going out is ly necessary.These steps are very important for slowing the disease down. By doing this, governments can make sure doctors and hospitals are better able to deal with all the sick people, and that fewer people suffer in all. Usually, it's called “flattening the curve”.But if no one can go out, that means businesses which depend on visitors struggle. Many singers, bands, and other musicians would normally be giving concerts now. Instead, they have to find new ways to share their music and connect with their audiences. The Metropolitan Opera in New York has canceled(取消) its season, but it is showing a special live stream of a different opera each day on its website. Other opera companies have made similar moves. Several theater companies are either offering recorded versions of their plays online or posting videos of their actors performing.Nick Green wrote a musical play that was canceled because of the virus. He set up a website with links that allow people to enjoy the work of artists around the world who have had their projects canceled. He called his project the Social Distancing Festival. He sad it was a time when he should be doing something new, rather than feeling disappointed.Even TV shows have to find new ways to film their shows. Some late night TV shows have continued, but without audiences. Others are showing reruns.While their shows are on pause, some TV stars like Conan O’Brien and Jimmy Fallon have been filming short videos at home. Mr. O’ Brien plans to bring his show back on the air soon by filming with his own phone and talking with guests over the Internet.4. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Keeping patients staying at home anytime.B. Speed up the spread of disease.C. Stopping people from often gathering up.D. Slowing down the spread of the disease.5. What are opera companies’ new ways?A. Stopping sharing music with audience.B. Providing live stream services.C. Trying to attract live audiences.D. Sharing their operas with each other6. What did the cancellation of Nick Green's play bring him?A. Disappointment.B. Annoyance .C. Creativity.D. Anxiety.7. What is the text mainly about?A. People staying at home .B. The absence of audiences.C. The efforts of Nick Green .D. Entertainment going online .CAfter finishing his dinner, Lin Xu opened a WeChat mini-program called "Clear Plate" on his phone and took picture of the empty plates. He was then awarded 157 credit points after the image was uploaded and recognized by artificial intelligence.“Users of the app can use their credit to buy gifts, such as books and cellphones to purchase charity meals donated to children in poor rural areas,” Lin said.A nationwide "Clear Your Plate" campaign is gaining steam online. Efforts to stop food waste and promote thrift are also being made by restaurants that have been urged to create an environment in which consumers are reminded not to waste food. They are also encouraged to offer different portion sizes so that customers can have more choices.The “Clear Plate” mini-program has become popular among young Chinese and currently has nearly 1 million users.Liu Jichen, founder of the startup that developed the app, said that the idea popped up at a dinner in 2017, when Liu found that a restaurant would give diners who polished off their food a card and offer small gifts after acertain number of cards had been collected.“Such an idea can be realized online,” Liu said. He formed a team to work on the project.Yet it was quite challenge for the AI system to identify whether the uploaded photos showed empty plates.To make the AI system smarter, Liu and his team, assisted by more than 1,000 others, spent half a year collecting over 100, 000 samples in canteens and restaurants across the country and used the data to train neural network. Dozens of enterprises, institutions and restaurants have contacted the startup to cooperate on the project.Through the visualized mini-program, people can clearly see the good results of saving food, which will effectively reduce waste, he noted. "We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation, encouraging them to carry out the virtue of cherishing food and developing the habit of thrift, " Liu said8. What is the main function of the APP "Clear Plate?A. Awarding credit points.B. Giving charity meals.C. Showing the empty plates.D. Encouraging saving food.9. How is the "Clear Your Plate" campaign carried out?A. Customers wasting food are punished.B. People join in it on mini-program.C. Restaurants limit customers' choices.D. People are encouraged to buy gifts.10. What was the most difficult when the app was created?A. Getting other people to cooperate with the team.B. Collecting samples in canteens and restaurants.C. Ensuring the app to recognize empty plates.D. Finding people to fund the app.11. What is the purpose of the writing?A. To introduce an app.B. To promote saving food.C. To praise a startup founder.D. To raise fund for poor children.DMy family and I never talked about school as the ticket to a future. I was in theclassroom, but I wasn't there to learn to write, read or even speak. When it was my turn to read, I wanted to hide. I was 13 years old, but I already hated being who I was.I had an English teacher, Mr.Creech, who knew I couldn't read. In one of my first lessons the teacher said that anyone who had a reading age below six had to stand up. I felt so embarrassed. But at the same time, it made me realize that I needed to change the situation. I was determined it wouldn't happen again. Later that day, Mr.Creechencouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to read. From then on, I never gave up practicing reading.Then when I was 41 years old, one day, I planned to fly back toTexasto visit my friends and family. On my way from the airport, I saw Mr.Creech buying himself a drink. I rushed over and reached into my pocket to pay for him. “Do I know you？” he asked. “Yes, sir, you do know me，” I answered excitedly. “My name is Anthony Hamilton. You taught me English.” The look on his face told me that he remembered the boy he'd once encouraged.“I'm so glad I had a chance to see you，” I said. “And Mr.Creech, I have great news to share.” I told him I had learned to read. But that wasn't all. I had become a published author and an active speaker. “The next time you get another Anthony Hamilton in your classroom, please encourage him to read as well，” I added.The experts say what once worried me has a name：dyslexia(诵读困难). But I can tell you it was a lack of desire for education.12. Why did the author want to hide?A. Because he felt sorry for himself.B. Because he hated being laughed at.C. Because he couldn't read at all.D. Because he didn't have a ticket.13. Which of the following could best describe Mr.Creech?A. Considerate and dutiful.B. thoughtful and enthusiastic.C. Emotional and devoted.D. Friendly and wise.14. Why couldn't the author read before meeting Mr.Creech?A. Because his reading age was not long enough.B. Because his parents didn't teach him how to read.C. Because he was afraid of reading before the class.D. Because he didn't have inner driving force to learn to read.15. What can we infer from the passage?A. Mr.Creech taught two students called Anthony Hamilton.B. The author had become a published author and an active speaker.C. Dyslexia was just the reason that made the author unable to read.D. The author was grateful to Mr.Creech.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019年辽宁省沈阳市新民第一高级中学高三数学文月考试卷含解析
2019年辽宁省沈阳市新民第一高级中学高三数学文月考试卷含解析一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 设f(x)＝3x－x2，则在下列区间中，使函数f(x)有零点的区间是( )A．（0,1） B．（1,2） C．(－2，－1) D．(－1,0)参考答案：D2. 已知在函数（）的图象上有一点，该函数的图象与x轴、直线x＝－1及x＝t围成图形（如图阴影部分）的面积为S，则S与t的函数关系图可表示为（）参考答案：B由题意知，当时，面积原来越大，但增长的速度越来越慢.当时，S 的增长会越来越快，故函数S图象在轴的右侧的切线斜率会逐渐增大，选B．3. 若全集U＝{1,2,3,4,5,6}，M＝{1,4}，N＝{2,3}，则集合{5,6}等于()A．M∪N B．M∩NC．(?U M)∪(?U N) D．(?U M)∩(?U N)参考答案：D4. 设a=2﹣2，，c=log25，则a，b，c的大小关系为（）A．a＜c＜b B．b＜a＜c C．b＜c＜a D．a＜b＜c参考答案：D【考点】对数值大小的比较．【专题】计算题；转化思想；综合法；函数的性质及应用．【分析】利用指数函数、对数函数的单调性求解．【解答】解：∵a=2﹣2=，1=30＜=＜2，c=log25＞log24=2，∴a＜b＜c．故选：D．【点评】本题考查三个数的大小的比较，是基础题，解题时要认真审题，注意利用指数函数、对数函数的单调性的合理运用．5. 设函数，则使成立的x的取值范围是（）A. (－∞,1)B. (1,+∞)C. D.参考答案：D【分析】先判断函数为偶函数，利用导数判断函数在上为增函数，则原不等式等价于，进而可得结果.【详解】根据题意，函数，则，即函数为偶函数，又，当时，有，即函数在上为增函数，，解得或，即的取值范围为；故选D．【点睛】解决抽象不等式时，切勿将自变量代入函数解析式进行求解，首先应该注意函数的单调性．若函数为增函数，则；若函数为减函数，则．6. 直线l过抛物线的焦点F且与抛物线交于A,B两点，若线段AF，BF的长分别为m，n，则的最小值是（A）10 （B）9 （C）8 （D）7参考答案：B由抛物线焦点弦的性质可知：，则，当且仅当时等号成立.即的最小值是9.本题选择B选项.7. 正项数列满足:________.参考答案：8. 设且则的大小关系是()A. y<x<zB. z<y<xC.y<z<xD. x<y<z参考答案：C9. 集合，是的一个子集，当时，若有，且，则称为的一个“孤立元素”，那么中无“孤立元素”的4个元素的子集的个数是A．5 B． 6 C．7 D．8参考答案：B略10. 函数有两个不同的零点，则的最小值是()A．6 B．C．D．1参考答案：B二、填空题:本大题共7小题,每小题4分,共28分11. 设全集U=R，集合A={x|x＞2}，B={x|x2﹣4x+3＜0}，则A∩B=，A∪B=，?U B= ．参考答案：（2，3）; （1，+∞）; （﹣∞，1]∪[3，+∞）.【考点】交集及其运算．【专题】集合．【分析】求出B中不等式的解集确定出B，找出A与B的交集，并集，求出B的补集即可．【解答】解：由B中不等式变形得：（x﹣1）（x﹣3）＜0，解得：1＜x＜3，即B=（1，3），∵A=（2，+∞），∴A∩B=（2，3），A∪B=（1，+∞），?U B=（﹣∞，1]∪[3，+∞）．故答案为：（2，3）；（1，+∞）；（﹣∞，1]∪[3，+∞）【点评】此题考查了交集及其运算，并集及其运算，以及补集的运算，熟练掌握各自的定义是解本题的关键．12. 若关于的方程有实根，则的取值范围是 .参考答案：13. 已知函数的解集为________.参考答案：（0,2）14. 在平面四边形中，点分别是边的中点，且，．若，则的值为___________.参考答案：13.5略15. 展开式的常数项为280，则正数a= .参考答案：16. 已知直线与曲线相切，则的值为．参考答案：17. 今要在一个圆周上标出一些数，第一次先把圆周二等分，在这两个分点处分别标上1，如图（1）所示；第二次把两段半圆弧二等分，在这两个分点处分别标上2，如图（2）所示；第三次把4段圆弧二等分，并在这4个分点处分别标上3，如图（3）所示.如此继续下去，当第n次标完数以后，这圆周上所有已标出的数的总和是．参考答案：三、解答题：本大题共5小题，共72分。
2019-2020学年新民市第一高级中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案
2019-2020学年新民市第一高级中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AYou have to praise the smoothness（顺畅）of ants on the move. No matter how many of them are going toward a place, there's never a hold-up. A new research paper shows how ants keep traffic flowing by changing their behavior to meet changing conditions.For their experiments, researchers from the University of Toulouse focused on Argentine ants, animals that often move from colony（群落）to colony depending on where the food is. Making use of Argentine ants' talent for fast travel, the researchers built bridges connecting their colonies. The bridges were different in width from a fifth to three-quarters of an inch. The colonies, too, were of different sizes, ranging from 400 to more than 25,000 ants.Then the researchers sat back andmonitoredthe traffic. To their surprise, even when those narrower bridges were full of ants, there were no "traffic accidents". "When the number of ants on the bridge increased, ants seemed to be able to understand the situation and adjusted（调整）their speed accordingly to avoid making the traffic flow stop. "the authors note. "Moreover, ants avoided entering a busy road and made sure that the bridge was never too packed to cross.”The lesson for humans? The traffic problem may lie in our inability to adjust our driving habits for the good of the whole. Driving is fun when there are few cars on the road. Then the traffic moves very slowly. And yet, some impatient driver still acts like he's alone on the road.The research suggests that projects, like the ever-widening of highways, may never free us from traffic jams. As long as we drive along with our own habits, no matter how many other people are on the road, we'll always end up in a traffic jam. Indeed, less space may actually be a good thing. It leaves less room for individual choice and forces us to take a page from the driving book of ants.1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The results of the experiments.B. The purpose of the experimentsC. The preparation of the experiments.D. The requirements of the experiments2. What does the underlined word "monitor" in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. watch and check.B. seek and improveC. design and planD. discuss and practise3. What is the best title for the text?A. Is widening highways a solution?B. Why don't ants need traffic lights?C. Can we learn safe driving from ants?D. What can ants teach us about traffic jams?BAvi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fast past the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.4. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?A. It is an icy comet.B. It looks like a long photo.C. It is actually some sort of rock.D. It may come from another alien civilization.5. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B. Relies on.C. Turns to.D. Searches for.6. What do you think of Loeb?A. He is foolish.B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D. He is uncertain about his career future.7. What's the best title for the text?A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C. Scientists Are Working on High TechnologyD. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space TravelCIt is a question people have been asking for ages. Is there a way to turn back the aging process?For centuries, people have been looking for a “fountain of youth”. The idea is that if you find a magical fountain, and drink from its waters, you will not age.Researchers in New York did not find an actual fountain of youth, but they may have found a way to turn back the aging process. It appears the answer may be hidden right between your eyes, in an area called the hypothalamus (下丘脑). The hypothalamus is part of your brain. It controls important activities within the body.Researchers at New York’s Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that hypothalamus neural (神经的) stem cells also influence how fast aging takes place in the body.What are stem cells(干细胞)? They are simple cells that can develop into specialized cells, like blood or skin cells. Stem cells can also repair damaged tissues and organs.Dongsheng Cai is a professor at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He was the lead researcher in a study on aging in mice. He and his team reported their findings in the journal Nature, Cai explained when hypothalamus function is in decline, particularly the loss of hypothalamus stem cells, and this protection against the aging development is lost. it eventually leads to aging.Using this information, the researchers began trying to activate, or energize, the hypothalamus laboratory mice. They did this by injecting the animals with stem cells, Later, the researchers examined tissues and tested for changes in behavior. They looked for changes in the strength and coordination (协调) of the animals muscles. They also studied the social behavior and cognitive ability of the mice. The researchers say the results show that the treatment slowed aging in the animals, Cai says injecting middle-aged mice with stem cells from younger mice helped the older animals live longer.But these results were just from studying mice in a laboratory. If the mice can live longer, does that mean people could have longer lives? The next step is to see if the anti-aging effects also work in.8. In Paragraph 2 a “fountain of youth” is mentioned to ________.A. introduce the main topicB. show a hidden secret.C. describe scientists researchD. recommend a way to stay young9. Aging takes place in the body when _______.A. stem cells develop into specialized cellsB. there are important activities within the bodyC. hypothalamus neural stem cells fail to protect against agingD. the hypothalamus fails to repair damaged tissues and organs10. What do we know about the researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine from the text?A. They did experiments to see how stem cells work.B. They studied mice to find their connection with humans.C. They have found a possible way to slow the aging progress.D. They have found no changes in mice s behavior during the experiment11. What will the researchers probably do next?A. They will help some animals live longer.B. They will announce the fountain of youth doesn’t existC. They will develop products to help people live a longer life immediatelyD. They will do research to see if what they have found in mice will apply to humans.DSurfing the Internet for fun will make you a better employee, according to an Australian study.The University of Melbourne study shows that people who use the Internet for their own reasons at work are about 9 percent more productive than those who do not. Study author Brent Coker said, “Surfing the Internet at times helps increase an employee's attention.”“People need to relax for a bit to get back their attention,” Coker said on the university's website. “Having a short break, such as a quick surfing of the Internet, helps the mind to rest itself, leading to a higher total Internet attention for a day's work, and as a result, increases productivity (生产效率),” he said.According to the study of 300 workers, 70 percent of people who use the Internet at work surf the Internet for their own reasons during office hours. Among the most popular surfing activities are searching for information about products, reading online news, playing online games and watching videos. “Firms spend a lot of money on software toblocktheir employees from watching videos, using social networking sites or shopping online,” said Coker. “That's not always a good idea.”However, Coker said the study looked at people who surfed the Internet in moderation (适度), or were on the Internet for less than 20 percent of their total time in the office. “Those who spend too much time surfing the Internet will have a lower productivity than those without.” he said.12. What does the University of Melbourne study mainlyshow?A. People who surf the Internet are good employees.B. Not everyone surfs the Internet for fun during office hours.C. The Internet is becoming more and more important in people's life.D. Surfing the Internet for fun at times during office hours increases productivity.13. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as one of the most popular surfing activities?A. Watching videos.B. Reading online news.C. Reading online novels.D. Playing online games.14. The underlined word “block” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.A. stopB. organizeC. protectD. separate15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Those who never surf the Internet have the lowest productivity.B. Spending too much time surfing the Internet reduces productivity.C. Most people don't surf the Internet in moderation during office hours.D. People should spend as little time as possible surfing the Internet.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年新民市第一高级中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年新民市第一高级中学高三英语模拟试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn theUnited States, the word "holiday" is synonymous with celebration. The following tenholidaysper year are proclaimed by the federal government.Independence DayIndependence Day is annually celebrated on July 4 and is often known as "the Fourthof July”. It is the anniversary of the publication of the declaration of independence fromGreat Britainin 1776. Now it is celebrated in all the states. The army marks the occasion by firing a 13-gun salute every year. Ceremonies may include parades, official speeches, visits to historic monuments and fireworks displays.Memorial DayThis holiday, on the fourth Monday of every May, is a day on which Americans honor the dead. Originally a day on which flags and flowers were placed on graves of soldiers who died in the American Civil War, now it has become a day on which the dead of all wars and all other dead are remembered the same way.Veterans DayVeterans Day was established to honor Americans who had served in World War I. It falls on November 11, the day when that war ended in 1918, but it now honors veterans of all wars in which the United States has fought Veterans' organizations hold parades or other special ceremonies, and the US president customarily places a wreath on the Tomb of the Unknowns at Arlington National.ThanksgivingThanksgiving Day is celebrated on the fourth Thursday in November. It has been an annual tradition in theUnited Statessince 1863. Today, people celebrate Thanksgiving to remember these early days. The most important part of the celebration is a traditional dinner. Thanksgiving dinner almost always includes some of the foods served at the first feast: roast turkey, cranberry sauce potatoes pumpkin pies. Before the meal begins, families often pause to give thanks.1. When isIndependence Day?A. May 14，B. July 13.C. July 14.D. July 4.2. Which holiday honors dead soliders?A. Independence Day.B. Memorial Day.C. Veterans Day.D. Thanksgiving.3. What will Americans do on Thanksgiving Day?A. They say thanks.B. They havefriend gatherings.C. They go on holiday.D. They buy many cards.BAccording to Oxford Dictionaries, morality means: “Principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong or good and bad behavior.” Though morality is a rather subjective subject, there are some principles that are universal across all cultures found by an Oxford University study: “help your family, help your group, return favors, be brave, obey superiors, divide resources fairly, and respect others’ property”. The fact that these morals are found across 60 cultures from around the world demonstrates that morality, though subjective, is the cornerstone of keeping our societies together. Here are some reasons to be moral: without morality, a social life is almost impossible to maintain; having a good reputation and having a clear conscience is psychologically healthy; and most philosophies regard unselfish and principled behavior as important.There is no doubt that without morals, a society cannot function effectively. A confused situation would appear, According to the Society of Morality, “We are social animals, and the actions we take-the things we do and the things we don’t do-have consequences on our environments and on the others around us. As a result, we need to be able to govern our behavior in the near term so as not to injure ourselves or our community in the long term. This system of controlling our actions and our thoughts in order to operate in a community is what we often refer to as morality”. Therefore, we need a set of morals in order to operate within a social circle and a social environment. Acting immoral usually results in being excluded from social activities or being avoided by a society based on laws and cultural standards. Besides acting moral having a sociological need, it also has a psychological basis. Most people are concerned to some extent about their reputation. According to PsyPost, “A lot of economic models of human behavior assume that people are only rational (理性的) when they narrowly pursue their own self-interest, but history shows us that people are also tremendously concerned with being and appearing moral”. So, the fear of one’s reputation being damaged is often a strong motivator to be moral. And if someonehas been immoral,most people go out of their way to make sure no one finds out, or to correct the behavior in order to not be caught. This goes in line with conscience as well. People generally feel in a better psychological state if they feel that their conscience is clean. A dirty conscience can result in a lack of sleep, anxiety, internal stress, and even illness.On the side of philosophy, the study of ethics (伦理) comes into play. Most philosophers agree that one should rationally choose a set of standards of behavior in order to function. Though there is moral relativism, there are universal anthropological (人类学的) morals, as mentioned in the introduction. By the nature of our societies and cultures, we choose what we believe is right and wrong. But surprising, this rational behavior comes to a general agreement on morals. So, there is a fine line between moral relativism and moral absolutism. But the main thing to take away from this discussion is that philosophers generally believe that each individual has the right to rationally come up with a set of ethics to live by, and that it is healthy to do so.4. The author discusses morality (paragraph 1) in order to ________.A. explain the relationship between morality and cultureB. describe the moral rules found all around the worldC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality5. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. acting moral allows us to fit into group betterB. morality brings the system of controlling behaviorC. contrast the distinction between right and wrongD. introduce the definition, principles and reasons of morality6. Which of the following is the psychological basis for acting moral?A pursuit of self-interest. B. a clean conscience.C. The concern about reputation.D. a dirty conscience.7. What does the author advise us to do according to the last paragraph?A. To reach a general agreement on morals based on ethics.B. to carve one’s own sense of ethics to operate in this world.C. To choose between moral relativism and moral absolutism.D. To exclude philosophers’ beliefs and solution as well.CAvi Loeb, a scientist, believes that we are not alone in the universe. The belief fits withLoeb's alien spaceship theory that at least one alien spaceship might be flying over the orbit of Jupiter, which won the international attention last year.Astronomers inHawaiifound the first known interstellar object in late 2017. It was a bit of light moving so fastpast the sun that it could only have come from another star. Almost every astronomer on the planet was trying to figure out how the object, called “Oumuamua” got to our far-away part of the Milky way galaxy. “One possibility is that ‘Oumuamua’ is debris from an advanced technological equipment,” Loeb said. “Technology comes from another solar system just showed up at our door. ”“‘Oumuamua’ is not an alien spaceship,” Paul Sutter, another scientist wrote. He suggested Loeb was seeking publicity. Most scientists think “Oumuamua” is some sort of rock. They think it could be an icy wandering comet.Loeb says that “Oumuamua's” behavior means it can't be a block of rock shaped like a long photo. He thinks it's more likely an object that's very long and thin, perhaps like a long pancake or a ship's sail. Loeb says that if someone shows him evidence thatcontradictshis beliefs, he will immediately give in.Loeb believes himself a truth-teller and risk-taker in an age of very safe, too-quiet scientists. “The worst thing that can happen to me is that I would be relieved of my management duties, and that would give me even more time to focus on science,” Loeb says. He said he wouldn't mind giving up all the titles he had and returning to the Israeli farming village where he grew up.8. What does Loeb say about “Oumuamua”?A. It is an icy comet.B. It looks like a long photo.C. It is actually some sort of rock.D. It may come from another alien civilization.9. What does the underlined word “contradicts” in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Goes against.B. Relies on.C. Turns to.D. Searches for.10. What do you think of Loeb?A. He is foolish.B. He is unsatisfied with his titles.C. He is a firm believer in scientific truth.D. He is uncertain about his career future.11. What's the best title for the text?A. Have Aliens Paid a Visit in Spaceships?B. Do We Really Know about Space Theory?C. Scientists Are Working on High TechnologyD. Astronomers Are Encouraging Space TravelDThe annual 3-to-4-millimeter rise in sea levels is expected to impact many coastal communities in the coming decades. However, few are as defenceless as the Republic of theMaldives, a collection of more than a thousand picturesque islands in theIndian Ocean. NASA researchers believe that parts of what is “arguably the lowest-lying country in the world” will become uninhabitable by 2050, due to wave-driven flooding and limited freshwater. To fight the unavoidable, the government recently revealed plans for the world's first 'true' floating island city.The aptly-named Maldives Floating City (MFC) is the brainchild of Dutch Docklands, a global leader in floating infrastructure (基建). According to the March 13, 2021, announcement, the new city will be constructed on a 200-hectare lagoon (环礁湖) located just 10 minutes by boat from the Maldivian capital, Male. It will initially consist of a thousand waterfront residences, arranged in a series of honeycomb-like maze rows. The developers plan to add hotels, restaurants, shops, and even a school and a hospital in the near future. The floating structures. will be attached to the surrounding islands, which will form a base and provide protection from high tides.Maldive officials aim to make MFC as self-sufficient as possible. Freshwater storage will provide drinking water for residents, while floating solar blankets and agriculture fields will take care of their energy and food needs.“ThisMaldivesFloatingCitydoes not require any land rehabilitation, therefore has a minimal impact on the coral reefs,” explains Mohamed Nasheed, Speaker of Parliament. “What's more, giant, new reefs will be grown to act as water breakers. In theMaldives,we cannot stop the waves, but we can rise with them.”Construction of the revolutionary city is expected to begin in 2022 and be completed in phases over the next five years. If successful, it will provide a blueprint for other countries facing a similar situation.12. Why doesMaldivesdecide to build MFC?A. It is the lowest-lying country.B. It will be flooded soon.C. It is running out of fresh water.D. It will be unsuitable for living.13. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The prospect of MFC.B. The developers of the plan.C. The location of the residences.D. The barriers to the construction.14. What can we infer from the underlined words?A. MFC will keep waves away.B. MFC will make use of waves.C. MFC will adjust to the waves.D. MFC will work as water breakers.15. What's the writing purpose of this passage?A. To introduce a construction program.B. To appeal to people to protect nature.C. To seek international help forMaldives.D. To report the achievement of a city plan,第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年新民市第一高级中学高三英语期中试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年新民市第一高级中学高三英语期中试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeB"Long time no see." is a very interesting sentence. When I first read this sentence from an American friend's e-mail, I laughed. I thought it was a perfect example of Chinglish.Obviously, it is a word-by-word literal translation of the Chinese greeting with wrong English grammar and structure! Later on, my friend told me that it is a standard American greeting. I was too surprised to believe her. Her words were unbelievable at all. So I did research onGoogle. com. To my surprise, there are over 60 thousand web pages containing "Long time no see." Though it is sort of informal, it is part of the language that Americans use daily. Interestingly, if you type this phrase in Microsoft Word, the software will tell you that the grammar needs to be corrected.Nobody knows the origin of this Chinglish sentence. Some people believe that it came from Charlie Chan's movies. In the 1930s, Hollywood moviemakers successfully created a worldwide famous Chinese detective named "Charlie Chan" on wide screens. Detective Chan liked to teach Americans some Chinese wisdom by quoting Confucius. "Long time no see." was his symbol. Soon after Charlie Chan, "Long time no see." became a popular expression in America thanks to the popularity of these movies.Some scholars compare America to a hugemelting pot. All kinds of cultures are mixed in the pot together, and they change the colour and taste of each other. Language is usually the first thing to be influenced in the mixed pot.You can have some examples from other countries such as pizza from Italian, sushi from Japanese, and déjà vu from French etc. There is a long list! Since Americans admire Chinese culture more and more nowadays, I believe more Chinese words will become American English in the future. In this way, the American's melting pot keeps adding richness and flavour.4. What did the writer himself feel surprised at?A. The Chinglish expression "Long time no see."B. So many literal translations of the expressions used in America.C. "Long time no see." is used as a standard American English greeting.D. Finding out Americans use the expression every day.5. What do the underlined words "melting pot" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Confucius's words.B. Culture mixture.C. A kind of cooked dish.D. American changing cultures.6. According to the passage, what can be inferred?A. Detectives translated the phrase "Long time no see."B. Cultures cannot be changed in the huge melting pot.C. The huge melting pot greatly affects all kinds of languages.D. Hollywood made "Long time no see." popular.7. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Some Chinese expressions are introduced into English.B. You'll not be surprised at a tofu and peanut butter hamburger in a restaurant in America.C. Some American expressions can be used in China.D. American English keeps being enriched by different cultures.CBorn in 1954, Oprah Winfrey is best known for her multi-award-winning talk show as the most influential woman in the world. It's no surprise that her recognition can bring overnight sales fortune that defeats most, if not all, marketing campaigns. The star features about 20 products each year on her "Favorite Things" show. There's even a term for it: the Oprah Effect.Her television career began unexpectedly. When she was 16 years old, she had the idea of being a journalist to tell other people's stories in a way that made a difference in their lives and the world. She was on television by the time she was 19 years old. And in 1986 she started her own television show with a continuous determination to succeed at first.TIME magazine wrote, "People would have doubted Oprah Winfrey's swift rise to host of the most popular talk show on TV. In a field dominated by white males, she is a black female of big size. As interviewers go, she is no match for Phil Donahue. What she lacks in journalistic toughness, she makes up for in plainspoken curiosity, rich humor and, above all understanding. Guests with sad stories to tell tend to bring out a tear in Oprah's eye. They, in turn, often find themselves exposing things they would not imagine telling anyone, much less a national TV audience.""I was nervous about the competition and then I became my own competition raising the bar every year, pushing, pushing, pushing myself as hard as I knew. It doesn't matter how far you might rise. At some point you are likely to fall if you' re constantly doing what we do, raising the bar. If you' re constantly pushing yourself higher, higher the law of averages, you will at some point fall. And when you do, I want you to know this, remember this: there is no such thing as failure. Failure is just life trying to move us in another direction" as Oprah addressed graduates at Harvard on May 30.8. What does the Oprah Effect refer to in the first paragraph?A. the influence on talk show hostsB. the power of Oprah's opinions.C. the effect on a business.D. the audience of Oprah's talk show.9. What can be inferred about Oprah's television career?A. She must have been challenged a lotB. She gained fame as planned.C. It lives up to her parents' expectation.D. She once gave up on her choice.10. What message did Oprah give to Harvard graduates?A. Success comes after failure.B. Pushing physical limits makes no senseC. Aiming higher hurtsD. Failure is part of life.11. Which of the following best describes Oprah Winfrey?A. Friendly.B. HumorousC. Determined.D. PatientDHave you ever noticed that some people can eat what they want and stay in shape, while others carefully watch what they eat and still put on weight? How annoying! However, scientists are beginning to believe that some people get the ability to stay thin from their parents.Scientists say that when some people eat, their bodies will naturally store the excess energy from food as fat. These people gain weight if they eat more than they need each day. Meanwhile, other people eat more than they need but their bodies are able to “burn off” the extra food without making fat, so they rarely have weight problems.To show that this is true, scientists have experimented on laboratory mice. They gave the mice a special diet with a lot of fat. Some mice gained weight while the other mice stayed thin, even though both groups of mice ate the same amount of food and got the same amount of exercise. Scientists concluded that weight gain seemed to be influenced by genetic (基因的) factors. They also believe they have now identified the genes that may causethis tendency. These genes, according to the scientists, get passed down the generations. Armed with this knowledge, they believe it may be possible to develop medicines thatcan target the genes and stop people from gaining weight.The study of weight gain is becoming more important as the numbers of people who are overweight continues to grow. In theUnited States, over seventy percent of the population have weight problems. This means they are at risk of illness such as high blood pressure and heart disease.Current medicines for weight control do not work very well because they can have serious side effects, such as heart problems. However, it takes a long time to develop and thoroughly test new drugs. Therefore, despite this breakthrough in the study of weight-loss drugs, scientists and health professionals all agree that currently the best way to control weight gain is to have a healthy, balanced diet and an active lifestyle with daily exercise. This will not only help people avoid becoming overweight, but also help them stay healthy and energetic.12. According to the scientists, some people ________.A. are able to stay thin because of genetic factorsB. can eat what they want and stay healthy foreverC. usually keep doing exercise to lose their weightD. don’t eat anything every day but still put on weight13. Some people don’t need to worry about weight problems because ________.A. they eat many vegetablesB. they eat less than othersC. they don’t store any energy from food as fatD. they can burn off the extra food without making fat14. What can we learn from the passage?A. Fewer people will have weight problems in the future.B. People with weight problems may suffer from heart trouble.C. We now have good medicine for people with weight problems.D. The result of the experiments on mice and humans are different.15. What does the last paragraph imply?A. Current medicine solve weight problems well.B. We should exercise regularly and eat properly.C. Taking exercise every day may cause heart problems.D. Testing new drugs is hard because of the side effects.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年沈阳新民市高级中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年沈阳新民市高级中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe Rechargeable Go!☑The digital sound processing chip(芯片) provides clear sound and makes speech easier to understand with less whistling sound☑Never replace batteries again!Full Charge Gives 16 Hours of Use! (Free Charging Station Included)☑Easy On/ Off Button☑Automatic Noise Reduction and Feedback Canceler☑100% Money Back Guarantee5 Star Reviews☑☑☑☑☑Amazing!"My sisters had all given up hope that our elderly mother would hear us clearly again. And then we took a chance. We're so glad we did. They've been amazing for her, and for our entire family."-Karen M.The new HearClear GO Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aids feature advanced digital technology at an unbelievably affordable price! The GO has the same key elements that all high-end digital hearing aids share while leaving out fancy bells and whistles that increase cost and require expensive adjustments. You'll be happier saving much money!Your lightweight GO hearing aids are amazingly convenient! With the GO'S charging station, you won't have to keep replacing tiny hearing aid batteries, and the GO is pre-programmed for most mild to moderate hearing loss-no costly professional adjustments needed.You can spend thousands on an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $ 239 on a hearing aid that's great for most mild to moderate hearing loss (only $ 199 each when you buy a pair). We're so sure you'll be happy with your new hearing aids.1. Which is the feature of the GO?A. It removes noises.B. It has separate on/ off buttons.C. It includes small batteries.D. It focuses on practical functions.2. Why does the author refer to Karen?A. To prove the GO's popularity.B. To explain the GO'S function.C. To convey the family's amazement.D. To show the GO'S high performance.3. How much do you pay for a pair of the GO?A. $ 199.B. $ 239.C. $ 398.D. $ 478.BBrian Hamilton's life changed in a prison when he went there with his friend, Reverend Robert J. Harris, who often went to local prisons to do ministry work. During the visit,Hamiltonstarted talking to one of the prisoners and asked what he was going to do when he got out. “He said he was going to get a job,”Hamiltonrecalls. “I thought to myself, wow, that’s going to be difficult with a criminal background.”The conversation madeHamiltonconsider how to help those who came out from prison. Finally in 2008, 16 years after that initial conversation,Hamiltoncreated Inmates to Entrepreneurs, a nonprofit organization that helps people with criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses.At the time,Hamiltonwas building his own company, a software technology company for the banking industry. As his company grew, so didHamilton’s time devoted to giving lessons to prisoners. He averaged three to four courses a month at prisons throughoutNorth Carolina.Eventually,Hamiltondecided to shift his focus to his true passion. In May 2019, he sold his company and focused on helping those who were imprisoned. His online courses will be set next year. “By March 1, 2022, anyone will be able to access the courses, either to become a certificated instructor or to access it for themselves as a prisoner or part of the general population,”Hamiltonexplained. In addition, he visits middle schools and presents the course to at-risk students as a preventative measure against crime.The free course is funded by the recently established Brian Hamilton Foundation, which offers assistance to military members as they return to civilian life and provides loans o small businesses. “Starting up a business isn't for everyone, but if we make opportunities available, and let people know that other people care about them, itmakes a difference.”Hamiltonsaid.4. Why did Brian Hamilton went to a prison?A. He accompanied his friend.B. He took lessons in the prison.C. He wanted to get a job in the prison.D. He had a friend who was in prison.5. What can be inferred about Inmates to Entrepreneurs?A. It often assists military members.B It provides loans to small businesses.C. Its course has been largely broadened.D. It is an organization intended for business men.6. According to the author, which of the following best describesHamilton?A. He is a man who always changes his mind.B. He has a sense of social responsibility.C. He is good at running a big company.D. He makes money by giving lessons.7. What is the main idea of the text?A. A man made a fruitless visit to the prison.B. A man sold his business to teach prisoners.C. A man realized his dream of being a teacher.D. A man successfully created two organizations.CIn the past, most people received their news from newspapers, magazines, radio and TV. But now, almost anyone can report and publish on the Internet and share it as news through social media. But the problemis that not all of the information is true and not all of the reporting is trustworthy.Howard Schneider, a former editor of the newspapersNewsday,started the Center for News Literacy (素养) at Stony Book University in 2007. The center has multiple projects, but the most famous one is a course to teach news literacy. The course trains students to look for various details that may indicate the truth of the story.Michelle Sheng is a third-year student at theUniversityofMichigan. Sheng finds that students either just stop reading the news or only take news from one source that they trust. "A lot of people are tired of the news. People are too busy to keep up with the news, and it is really easy to take whatever news is given to you because you don’t have the time to figure it out yourself,“ she says.For her part, Sheng recently created a digital exhibit for the university library of images to educate students on steps they can take to better analyze the news.It is important to educate an even larger audience, beyond American university students. The Center for News Literacy has developed teaching resources, as well as a free online news literacy course. It is also trying to reach a younger audience. It has partnered with several secondary schools in the American state ofNew Yorkto teach news literacy.People should research and confirm what they read online. However, to change human behavior is a difficult thing, but that really is the only thing that is going to help. The biggest problem is not getting people to be able to recognize bad journalism or false news, but getting people to want to recognize it. Our brains are wired to the Internet to seek out information that agrees with our current beliefs.8. What’s purpose of the course “News Literacy”？A. To get rid of false information on the Internet.B. To make people realize the risk on the Internet.C. To train students to tell true information from the false.D. To teach students good habits of using information online.9. Why do students have difficulty judging the truth of news?A. They are too lazy.B. They are bored with news.C. They lack news resources.D. They lack time to check its realness.10. What does the Center try to do besides teaching university students?A. Educate the public.B. Improve the service online.C. Prevent children going online.D. Set up several secondary schools.11. What did the author suggest doing to solve the problem of false news?A. Believing whatever you see.B. Changing human behaviors.C. Questioning all the news online.D. Only trusting reliable information.DMedha Gupta sometimes felt worried about making the 20-minute walk from the corner where the schoolbus dropped her off to her home in Herndon -especially during the colder months in winter.Her mother, Divya Gupta had a suggestion: write an app. Shewas half-kidding,but Medha didn't take the challenge lightly. So she set out to work.The result was Safe Travel, an app designed by Medha to help walkers feel more secure when travelling alone. Using the iPhone, a person can program it to send a warning to someone he or she trusts if he or she fails to arrive at a destination within a certain time.It was the first iOS app that Medha had created. While she didn't think much would come from the project, her effort caught the eye of judges for the annual Congressional App. Challenge, who selected her as the winner for Virginia's 10th District.The App Challenge is designed to encourage students to consider careers in science, technology, engineering, and math by experimenting with coding and computer science. Winning students are invited lo attend a reception on Capitol Hill in April and also received $250 in Amazon Web Service credits.Medha said it took her about 40 hours to design, program and test the app. As for her next app? Medha's not certain. She temporarily has her app-development ambitionson holdbecause she's busy teaching herself artificial intelligence to help deal with improper words on Facebook. Yes,she knows that there are teams of engineers probably doing the same thing. But she figures it can't hurt her own part, too.“If we see something wrong with the world, we should do something about it,” she said. “After all, the only one stopping us from doing something is ourselves. ”12. Why did Medha Gupta feel worried?A. It took a long time to walk home.B. It was difficult to write an app.C. It was colder than ever in winter.D. It was unsafe to walk home alone.13. What is Medha's attitude to her mother's challenge?A. Serious.B. Casual.C. Uncertain.D. Indifferent.14. What does the underlined phrase “on hold” in Paragraph 6 mean?A. Developed.B. Delayed.C. Achieved.D. Satisfied.15. What's the main idea of the text?A. Medha signed up for the App Challenge.B. Medha designed Safe Travel successfully.C. An app Safe Travel guides walkers home.D. The App Challenge directs students to choose careers.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
高三第一次月考语文试卷第Ⅰ卷阅读题一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。
中国古代的法典蕴含着重德礼、慎刑罚，遵伦常、讲忠孝，重和谐、求和睦的民族精神。
由此，思想家提出“明刑”（彰明刑罚）可以“弼教”（辅助教育），也就是通过彰显法律规范的内容，使民了解它所蕴含的民族精神，表明法律非以刑人为目的，而以使民远恶迁善为目的，以期实现以刑弼教、以刑辅教。
法家主张“以法为教”，使民知法既可以远离犯罪，又可以借法保护其自身的权益。
正是由于法具有止恶劝善的功能，并非一味以刑人为目的，因此守法者如沐春风，违法者如履薄冰。
历史上，明刑弼教的内容因朝代不同而略有变化。
汉儒传承了以礼乐主宰刑罚的传统，确立了德主刑辅的指导原则，即朝廷以道德感动民众，刑法只作为辅助手段。
例如，董仲舒借助阴阳五行之说，大力宣传“大德小刑”，以德化民教民，使民不敢为非、不触法禁。
唐代法典《唐律疏议》开宗明义便宣布“德礼为政教之本，刑罚为或教之用”，阐明了教化为先、刑焉其后，明刑弼教的真谏。
韩愈也曾经说过：“德礼为先而辅以政刑。
”明太祖朱元璋认为，要达到天下大治，应效仿圣王，以德化天下，“亦以五刑辅弼之”。
为矫正元末法纪败坏、人不畏法、肆意为恶的积弊，以严刑治国。
他手订的《大诰》收集了严刑惩治犯罪的案例，意在教民“趋吉避凶”之道。
《大明律》旨在运用法律打击奸顽，惩话犯罪，以维护社会的安定与国家的纲纪。
明太租还有意识地对某些案件重法又重情，借以表达明刑弼教之意。
例如，“有子犯法，父贿求免者，御史欲并论父。
太祖曰：‘子论死，父救之，情也。
但论其子，赦其父。
’”清代在承袭明代的立法思想的同时，对政刑与礼教的目的做了经典阐述，并指出立法的精义在于“明刑弼教”。
《清史稿·刑法志》篇首开宗明义：“中国自书契以来，以礼教治天下，匡之直之而刑生焉。
”从明德慎罚，到德主刑辅，再到明礼导民，明刑弼教是贯穿中国古代两千余年的一个传统。
它产生于以人为本的基础之上，是人本主义的具体体现。
认真贯彻实施则国兴，慢而废弃则国亡。
这是一条历史规律。
“以德化民”的“化”与“明刑弼教”的“教”二者具有相通性，目的都在于“导民向善”，使民远离犯罪。
以德化民与以法治国是互相连接、互补互用的，国家治理不可忽视的二柄。
法与德的结合减少了法律的滥用，柔化了法条严酷的外貌，便于民众接受。
以德化民使民心向善，遏制了犯罪的动机，有利于避免法繁刑酷的虐政。
德法互补互用，使道德法律化，遵守法律的义务和遵守道德规范的义务相一致，既止恶，而又劝善，使“明刑弼教”的“教”落到了实处。
同时，德法互补又使法律道德化，使法律具有稳定性和权威性。
（节选自张晋藩《中国古代国家治理的重心》，有改动）1．下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）A．彰明刑罚、辅助教育就是通过彰显法律规范的内容，使人民了解教育所蕴含的民族精神。
B．儿子被判死刑，父亲行贿求情，最后判子赦父，这一事例体现明太祖重法律又重伦理情怀。
C．“明刑弼教”的“教”与“以德化民”的“化”之间存在相通性，目的都是使百姓“向善”。
D．以德化民与以法治国互补互用，能止恶劝善，可以使法律道德化并使其具有稳定性和权威性。
2．下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是（3分）A．文章列举不同时代的事例，论证了“明刑弼教”是贯穿中国古代治理的传统。
B．文章以董仲舒大力宣传“大德小刑”的事例来论证汉代儒家德主刑辅的主张。
C．文中用韩愈言论、朱元璋修订法律等材料，论证教化先行、刑罚居后的观点。
D．文章从以德化民、以法治国、德法互补的角度阐述了我国古代在治国上的特点。
3．根据原文内容，下列说法正确的一项是（3分）A．中国古代的法律并非一味以刑人为目的，这对违法者具有约束力的同时，对百姓也有软化作用。
B．清代的立法思想承袭于明代，《清史稿·刑法志》篇首就明确地阐释了政刑与礼教的关系。
C．中国古代国家治理过程中，认真贯彻实施具有人本主义情怀的明刑弼教传统，国家方会兴盛。
D．为了减少法律的滥用、柔化法条严酷的外貌、遏制犯罪的动机等，必须以德化民，使民心向替。
（二）文学类文本阅读（本题共3小题，15分）阅读下面的文字，完成4-6题。
林子深处张炜芦青河口那围遭儿树多。
大片大片的树林子，里面横一条小路，竖一条小路，非把人走迷了不可。
因此河边的各家老人都常常告诫自己的孩子——没事儿，千万不要往林子深处走！可二兰子倒蛮不在乎，她常钻到林子深处割牛草。
家里养个老牛，肚子比碾砣还大，地上放捆嫩草叶儿，它伸出舌头抿几下就光了。
大弟弟忙着复习考大学，小弟弟要进重点班，惟独她不被看重，忙里忙外，出工前还得去割一大早的牛草。
割就割吧，她没上几天学，管“太”念“大”，常常忽略中间那“一点儿”，还不得割牛草吗？可近处的青草全被人割光了，不进林子深处行吗？好在二兰子还从没有迷过路。
早晨，还是很早的时候就进林子了。
二兰子总是这样：不管心里多么不痛快，一进了这林子就变得高兴了。
看吧，这里的草叶儿才叫好呢！青青一片，崭新崭新的，叶片儿宽板板，长溜溜，就像初夏的麦苗儿。
那草棵里面还有花哩，红一朵，黄一朵，二兰子先拣一朵大的插在头上，然后才解了绳儿，举起手里那把雪亮亮的镰刀……小鸟儿在头顶“喳喳”地叫了几声，清甜的空气直往鼻孔里扑，二兰子高兴极了！她盯着那镰刀刃儿，镰刀刃儿锃亮锃亮，反射着阳光，耀得她眯起了眼。
四周空荡荡的，一个人也没有，她脸儿红红的，四面儿瞧瞧，心里一热，不知怎么脱口喊了一声：“大刀睐，小刀睐——”呀，满林子都喊哟！二兰子听到那声音了，听那尾音儿，在林子里还引起了一阵“啦沙沙沙……”的震动。
二兰子恣得闭上了眼睛，一溜睫毛显得格外长、格外密。
她大仰着脸儿，眼也不睁，嘻嘻笑着又喊一遍，“大刀睐，小刀睐——”她喊完了，大气儿也不出，只用心听着自己在这树林子里的声音。
大树林子绿蒙蒙的，多宽敞啊！这回的尾音拖得特别的长。
奇怪的是，它好像飞到了老远的地方，又从那儿折回来。
声音已经变了。
二兰子听着愣住了！她一个字一个字地分辨着：是哪个小伙子在老远的地方接着喊哩！听听，他还在喊哩——“大姑娘唻，小姑娘唻——”二兰子赶紧藏到了一丛灌木后边。
当她听出那声音是从远远的河西岸传过来的，才从灌木丛里走出来。
不过她一颗心还在“怦怦”跳着，胆怯地向着河西岸望去——一团绿色又一团绿色，苇行、灌木，遮得严严实实，哪里看得见啊！不过这声音却是蛮嫩气，听那调儿，还是喊的普遍话。
二兰子小声骂一句“该死的”，就弯下身子割草了。
这天，她只默默地割草，连大声“哼”一句也不敢，生怕河西岸听见似的。
割成了一大捆儿，她就无声地扛起来，踏着那林中小路儿回家了。
以后的早上，她每每来到林子里，刚要弯腰割草，就会听到河西岸那人在喊。
“喊吧，喊吧，有谁理你才怪！”二兰子在心里说着，下狠劲儿割着草，头也不抬。
割呀割呀！割得草叶堆成小山，老牛吃得肚儿圆；割呀割呀，一口气割了十天。
十天里有十个早晨，有十次踢散那林中小路上的露水珠儿，也有十次听到那河西岸的呼喊。
呼喊，呼喊，显你小伙子嗓子脆啊！显得你小伙子甜眯嗦嗦啊！二兰子烦他。
她这会儿开始后悔了：一个姑娘家，干吗在树林子里乱喊呀？你就不知道这树林子特怪——能让声音大上几倍吗？二兰子以后割草时，故意用心听那鸟儿吵嘴——这就能忘了那个小伙子的声音。
可是几天之后，她突然觉得这无边的林子里好像少了些什么。
少了些什么呢？花也在，草也在，鸟儿也在，手里的镰刀也在——少了些什么呢？她干活不勤快了，再也无心割草，默默地贴站在一棵大杨树上，伸出镰刀刮那衰死的老皮儿……她刮着刮着猛然记起了：是少了他那喊声哩！——他从河西岸走了吗？他回不去了？他怎么就一连这多天不喊哩！二兰子扛着草捆儿回家，走在路上都没劲儿。
她是太累了。
早上回到林子里，她清了清嗓子，面向河西，用甜津津的声音喊了一句：“大刀唻，小刀唻——”树林子哟，树林子哟！树林子又把这声音传走了，那尾音儿不消不失，颤颤悠悠，像琴！像箫！像笛！像鼓！二兰子料定这声音是那千千万万片叶子传动的，要不它们怎么老是唰唰地动呀？她半个脸贴在树干上，她等河西岸那个声音。
正在她的心急急跳动的时候，那声音果然又一次传过来了——“大姑娘唻，小姑娘唻——”那尾声在林中回荡着，悠悠不绝，无边的树林仍在鸣响。
这声音扩展到了一个更广阔的世界里，起落、震荡，交织成一个力的回响，深沉、昂扬，像乐章里奏出的和声……二兰子一动不动地谛听着，抿着嘴角。
她四周都是高入云天的大树、蓬蓬勃勃的草木。
她谛听着，渐渐觉得自己也溶化在一片无垠的绿色里了……二兰子欣慰地笑了。
（选自张炜《林子深处的声音》，有删改）4．下列对小说相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．二兰子的形象非常立体、鲜活，对于老人们的告诫，她表现得天真胆大，“还从没有迷过路”又能从侧面看出她的心细机灵。
B．文章最后写尾声悠悠不绝，草木蓬蓬勃勃，绿色无边无垠……这些充满诗情画意的语句既交代了情节发展的走向，又给读者留下了无限的想象空间。
C．作者用细腻的笔触呈现二兰子心灵世界的成长过程：由开始的“潜意识”发展到了后来的“主观意识”，越来越有主动性。
D．小说语言质朴，富有乡土气息，如“肚子比碾砣还大”“宽板板，长溜溜”，同时又不失美感，如“那尾音儿……像琴！像箫！像笛！像鼓！”5．结合小说内容，分析二兰子三次呼喊“大刀唻，小刀唻——”时的心理状态。
（6分）6．小说节选部分的题目把把“林子深处的声音”改为“林子深处”，你认为这样处理合适吗？请结合全文，谈谈你的看法。
（6分）（三）实用类文本阅读（本题共3小题，12分）阅读下面的文字，完成7-9题。
材料一过去几年，互联网上的内容付费已经完成了初步的消费者教育。
艾媒咨询数据显示，超过42.3%的受访在线音频用户表示：未来有对平台内容付费的打算。
用户对于优质内容需求日渐提升，同时内容付费观念也得到了进一步普及。
以视频网站爱奇艺为例，2017年爱奇艺的视频付费用户超过了1000万，今年前5个月已经突破了2000万。
越来越多的消费者意识到，互联网上好的内容是需要付费的。
基于此，有声书的有偿消费也成了可能。
这也使得各路人马伺机而动，有声书及内容付费成为过去一年行业热点。
同时，较为成熟的付费听书模式，也打通了传统出版社、音频生产机构、传统故事广播电台、音像出版社等渠道，根据不同渠道特点实现版权采购、内容制作、发行等不同业务模式的合作。
业内人士认为，用户付费习惯的养成，不仅会促进整个社会对知识产权的保护与尊重，一定程度上也会激励内容创作者生产出更多的优质内容，这是有声阅读市场“声”态环境渐趋规范的表现，有利于推动有声阅读市场持续健康发展。
（摘编自《有声阅读市场悄然兴起》）材料二：图1 2012-2015年移动阅读市场规模图2 电信运营商阅读市场规模构成材料三梳理目前国内具有听书功能的移动应用多达数百款，产品内容各有差异：“懒人听书”提供有声小说、戏曲、评书、儿歌、广播剧等有声读物和网络电台节目免费收听；“酷我听书”作为酷我音乐旗下产品，内容海量，包括有声小说、评书、戏曲、相声小品、笑话、儿童、人文科学等；“氧气听书”拥有国内最大的免费正版有声小说书库，汇聚有声小说、文史经典、经管励志、育儿宝典、评书相声、综艺搞笑等。