Saussure.ppt

• 2. Following the French sociologist. E. Durkhein (1858-1917), • Saussure held that Language is one of the “social facts”, which
are ally distinct from individual psychological acts.
• 1878: Memoire sur le systeme primitive des voyelles dans les langues indo-europeennes (Thesis on the original system of vowels in Indo-European Languages) (《论印欧 语元音的原始系统》) and Remarques de grammaire et de phonetique (Comments on Grammar and Phonetics)
• 1882: an active member of the Linguistic Society of Paris and served as its secretary for ten years
• 1891: professor of Indo-European languages and comparative grammar at the University of Geneva
• 3. In psychology, Saussure was influenced by the Austrian psychiatrist S. Freud (1855—1939) , who postulated the continuity of the unconsciousness.
对索绪尔思想的认识过程
Ferdinand de Saussure
• Modern linguistics began from the Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913), who is often described as “father of modern linguistics” and “a master of a discipline which he made modern.
Ferdinand de Saussure
• 1880: doctoral dissertation on the use of the absolute genitive in Sanskrit, and finished summa cum laude at the University of Leipzig
----Forefather of Modern Linguistics
Ferdinand de Saussure
1. Biography 2. Background Information 3. Studies about Saussure’s Theory 4. Saussure’s Linguistic Legacy
• 1. 传播时期 从《教程》1916年出版至50 年代，近三十年的时
间里，Saussure的语言学理论并未引起极大震动和广泛 认同。许多学者包括Meillet、Yespersen 等这些名家都 持谨慎或否定的态度。《教程》的性质和地位问题被 提了出来。该时期学术界并未对Saussure作出公正的评 价。 • 2. 重要的发现时期
• And all linguistic studies in the twentieth century are Saussurean linguistics.
Ferdinand de Saussure
• November 26, 1857: Ferdinand de Saussure was born into Scientific family, in Geneva, Switzerland, to a family with a long history of contributions to the sciences.
• 1875: Inclined to follow his ancestors' footsteps into the physical sciences, he began attending the prestigious University of Geneva
• 1878-1879: studied comparative grammar and IndoEuropean language sat the University of Leipzig
• 1907-1911: Saissure lectured on general linguistics in the University of Geneva.
• February 22, 1913: De Saussure died from cancer at age 56
• 1916: the publication of Course in General Linguistics (C Bally and A. Sechehye )
Ferdinand de Saussure
• Saussure’s ideas were developed along three lines: linguistics, sociology, and psychology.
• 1. In linguistics, he was greatly influenced by the American linguist W.D. Whitney (1827—94), who was working within essentially the Neo-grammarian tradition but raised the question of the sign.