大学英语四六级传统文化翻译实用表述及翻译示例

四六级传统翻译实用表述及翻译示例

（一）常见表述：

四大发明：the four great inventions

印刷术/*活字印刷术：printing/movable-type printing

造纸术：paper-making

指南针：compass

火药：gunpowder

丝绸之路：the Silk Road

瓷器/*陶器：china/pottery

硬币/纸币：coins/paper bills

对外贸易/海外贸易/*海上贸易：foreign trade/overseas trade/maritime commerce 古代文明：ancient civilization

文化交流：cultural exchange

文化冲突：cultural shock/cultural conflict

文化产业：cultural industry

文化遗产：cultural heritage

乡村文化：rural culture

民族文化：national culture

民间艺术：folk art

表演艺术：performing art

特征：feature/characteristic

祖先：ancestor

哲学家：philosopher

中国文学：Chinese literature

中外学者：Chinese and overseas scholars

巨著：great works

显著成就：remarkable achievements

神话/传说：myth/legend

阳历/阴历：solar calendar/lunar calendar

金/木/水/火/土：metal/wood/water/fire/earth

工艺/手工艺品：craft/ handicraft

唐朝：Tang Dynasty

始于...年/持续...时间/灭亡：begin in/last for/collapse 统治/统治者：govern (v.) rule (v)/ruler (n.) 在...统治下：during the reign of ...

权力/权威：power/authority

戏剧/京剧/剧院：drama/Peking Opera/theater

诗人/政客：poet/politician

少数民族：ethnic minority

社会地位：social status

起源于：originate in/from …

（在一个地方起源用in，从一个地方起源用from）

追溯到: be traced back to …/trace …back to…

发源地：birthplace

古代：ancient times

现代：modern times

独特元素：a unique element

组成（选一背诵即可）：

A constitute B/A comprise B/A make up

B （A组成B）

B consist of A/B is composed of A （B由A组成）【常见错误：切忌不要用comprise of】

工业革命：industrial revolution

代表：represent/stand for

象征：symbolize (v.) /symbolic (adj.) /symbol (n.)

繁荣：prosperous (adj.) / prosperity (n.) /flourish (v.)

国宝：national treasure

*腐败：corruption

*扩大领土：extend the territory/domain

*夺取政权：seize the power

*才子佳人：gifted scholars and beautiful ladies

*下棋饮茶：play chess and drink tea

*耕耘收割：sow and reap

*织布缝衣：weave and sew

*湖上打渔：fish on the lake

*砍柴采药：cut firewood and gather herbs

*吟诗作画：compose poems and paint pictures

（二）经典模板句练习：

1. 中国武术（martial art）的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练(CET-4)。

The origin of Chinese martial art can be traced back to the needs of self-defense, hunting and ancient Chinese military training.

2. 构成现在世界基础的许多元素都起源于中国(CET-4)。

Many elements which constitute/comprise the foundation of the modern world originated in China.

3. 最出名的就是门神和三大神——福神、薪神和寿神（Three Gods of Blessing, Salary and Longevity），寓意着庄稼丰收，家畜兴旺和庆祝春节(CET-4,6)。The most famous ones are Door Gods and Three Gods of Blessing, Salary

and Longevity, symbolizing/which symbolize the good/abundant harvest of crops, the prosperity of domestic/home animals and the celebration of the Spring Festival.

4. 那时，黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色，皇袍总是黄色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的(CET-4)。

At that time, yellow was only/exclusively used for the emperor. The royal palace was painted yellow and the imperial robe was always yellow. However, ordinary people were forbidden to wear clothes of the color.

5. 反应在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度上归功于道家（Taoist）对自然的感情。(CET-6)

The rural life ideal reflected in the arts and literature is an important feature of Chinese civilization. This, to a large extent, can be attributed to the Taoist affection towards nature.