新概念英语第三册 (10)

Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza丹尼尔•门多萨一、【Text】课文Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for Prize money. Because of this, they were known as 'prizefighters'. However, boxing was very crude, for there were no rules and a prizefighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match.One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza who was born in 1764. The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860 when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules. Though he was technically a prizefighter, Mendoza did much to change crude prizefighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game. In his day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. He was adored by rich and poor alike.Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match when he was only fourteen years old. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England. He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries turned against him. The two men quarrelled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight. A match was held at Stilton where both men fought for an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated. Mendoza met Humphries in the ring on a later occasion and he lost for a second time. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. Meanwhile, he founded a highly successful Academy and even Lord Byron became one of his pupils. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as &100 for a single appearance. Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was always in debt. After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson, he was quickly forgotten. He was sent to prison for failing to pay his debts and died in poverty in 1836.二、【New words and expressions】生词和短语●boxing n. 拳击●boxer n. 拳击手●bare adj. 赤裸的●prizefighter n. 职业拳击手（尤指古时赤手拳击手）●crude adj. 粗野的●marquis n. 侯爵●technically adv. 严格根据法律意义地●science n. 科学●popularity n. 名望●adore v. 崇拜，爱戴●alike adv. 一样地●fame n. 名声●eminent adj. 著名的，杰出的●bitterly adv. 厉害地●bet (bet, bet; betted, betted) v. 打赌●academy n. 专业学校●extravagant adj. 浪费的，奢侈●poverty n. 贫困■boxing n. 拳击■boxer n. 拳击手■bare adj. 赤裸的bare uncoveredbare (部分的)赤裸bare fist 赤手空拳bare foot 光着脚的bare handed 光着手的bare legged 光着腿的naked 全裸He’s walking in bare feet.He is naked.nude adj. 光秃秃的；n. 裸体（雕象，油画）a nude hillside 光秃秃的山坡■prizefighter n. 职业拳击手（尤指古时赤手拳击手）■crude adj. 粗野的be crude to sb 对……粗鲁，无理, rude语气比crude 要弱He is crude to the girl.■marquis n. 侯爵■technically adv. 严格根据法律意义地■science n. 科学■popularity n. 名望in popularity 受欢迎，受喜爱Instant foods are getting in popularity. 即食食品越来越受欢迎。

popular songs are in popularity.popular with 受人喜爱popularity 名望，受人欢迎的状态fame 出名的名声famous adj.reputation 声誉■adore v. 崇拜，爱戴More and more people adore the famous adtress.■alike adv. 一样地He was adored by rich, and poor alike.The teacher is adored by boy, girl and alike.■fame n. 名声■eminent adj. 著名的，杰出的eminent scientistdistinguished■bitterly adv. 厉害地It is blowing bitterly.bitter:苦的、辛酸的、刺骨的bitter pills may have wholesome effects 良药■bet (bet, bet; betted, betted) v. 打赌bet on sth. 以...打赌bet sb. that 跟某人打赌bet one's bottom dollar on somebody 对……孤注一掷He bet his bottom dollar on his last attempt.bet on the wrong horse 对…… 做出了错误的判断I bet 我肯定，我断言■academy n. 专业学校■extravagant adj. 浪费的，奢侈extravagant hobitthrifty frugal economical■poverty n. 贫困in poverty 在贫困当中indigence 贫困(正式)destitution 赤贫penury 诘据三、【课文精析】in popularityfought with bare fists: 赤手空拳的打斗Key sentence:One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza who was born in 1764.one of the most famous peopleintroduce: bring inPotatos were introduced into Europe from South America.drew up: 制定，起草Sb. did much to do sth.in his full time in his good dayrise to fame = become famousattract sb.’s sttention== attract the attention of sb.turn against sb 与……反目成仇severelyKey sentence:It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion.as much as 多达in debt: 欠债Lesson 22 By heart 熟记台词一、【Text】课文Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. In many ways, this is unfortunate for the poor actors who are required to go on repeating the same lines night after night. One would expect them to know their parts by heart and never have cause to falter. Yet this is not always the case.A famous actor in a highly successful play was once cast in the role of an aristocrat who had been imprisoned in the Bastille for twenty years. In the last act, a gaolerwould always come on to the stage with a letter which he would hand to the prisoner. Even though the noble was expected to read the letter at each performance, he always insisted that it should be written out in full.One night, the gaoler decided to play a joke on his colleague to find out if, after so many performances, he had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart. The curtain went up on the final act of the play and revealed the aristocrat sitting alone behind bars in his dark cell. Just then, the gaoler appeared with the precious letter in his hands. He entered the cell and presented the letter to the aristocrat. But the copy he gave him had not been written out in full as usual. It was simply a blank sheet of paper. The gaoler looked on eagerly, anxious to see if his fellow actor had at last learnt his lines. The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper for a few seconds. Then, squinting his eyes, he said: 'The light is dim. Read the letter to me.' And he promptly handed the sheet of paper to the gaoler. Finding that he could not remember a word of the letter either, the gaoler replied: 'The light is indeed dim, sire. I must get my glasses.' With this, he hurried off the stage. Much to the aristocrat's amusement, the gaoler returned a few moments later with a pair of glasses and the usual copy of the letter which he proceeded to read to the prisoner.二、【New words and expressions】生词和短语●run v. （戏剧、电影等）●lines n. （剧本中的）台词●p art n. 剧中的角色，台词●falter v. 支吾，结巴说●cast (cast, cast ) v. 选派……扮演角色●role n. 角色●aristocrat n. 贵族●imprison v. 关押●Bastille . 巴士底狱●gaoler n. 监狱长，看守连演，连映●colleague n. 同事●curtain n. （舞台中的）幕布●reveal v. 使显露●cell n. 单人监房，监号●blank adj. 空白的●squint v. 眯着（眼）看，瞄●dim adj. 昏暗●sire n. （古用法）陛下●proceed v. 继续进行■run v. （戏剧、电影等）The film is so successful that it runs for several weeks.■lines n. （剧本中的）台词■part n. 剧中的角色，台词■falter vi. 支吾，结巴说stammerHe has practised the poem several times, so he has no cause to falter. falter v. 蹒跚而行（=stgger）He faltered home.■cast (cast, cast ) v. 选派……扮演角色●role n. 角色The actor was cast in the role of hero.■aristocrat n. 贵族■imprison v. 关押put sb imprison: 关押He was imprisoned for 10 years.imprisonment：n.sentence sb to life imprisonment：判某人终生监禁监狱：prison, jail, gaol把……送进监狱send sb. to prison == put sb in prison == throw sb into prisonin prison 坐牢the prison 监狱He is in prison / jail.He is behind boars.■Bastille . 巴士底狱■gaoler n. 监狱长，看守连演，连映■colleague n. 同事■curtain n. （舞台中的）幕布■reveal v. 使显露The secret hasn’t been reveald.reveal:揭露，揭穿，把什么露出来A curtain was up and revealed the beautiful scenery.disclose:揭发discclose the truthdiscover: 发现uncover: 揭开具体的盖子A very tight dress reveals the beautiful figure. 紧身的裙子露出了漂亮的身段。