精编学习文件51
W25Q64中文资料精编版

W25Q64BV出版日期:2010年7月8日- 1 - 版本E64M位与串行闪存双路和四路SPIW25Q64BV- 2 -目录1,一般DESCRIPTION (5)2。
FEATURES (5)3引脚配置SOIC208-MIL.......................................... .. (6)4,焊垫配置WSON8X6-MM.......................................... . (6)5,焊垫配置PDIP300-MIL.......................................... . (7)6引脚说明SOIC208密耳,PDIP300密耳和WSON8X6-MM................................ 7......7引脚配置SOIC300mil的.......................................... .. (8)8引脚SOIC封装说明300-MIL (8)8.1包装Types (9)8.2片选(/CS) (9)8.3串行数据输入,输出和IO(DI,DO和IO0,IO1,IO2,IO3)............................. 9.......8.4写保护(/WP) (9)8.5控股(/HOLD) (9)8.6串行时钟(CLK) (9)9座DIAGRAM (10)10功能DESCRIPTION (11)10.1 SPI OPERATIONS (11)10.1.1标准SPI Instructions (11)10.1.2双SPI Instructions (11)10.1.3四路SPI Instructions (11)10.1.4保持功能 (11)10.2写保护 (12)10.2.1写保护Features (12)11,控制和状态寄存器............................................ .. (13)11.1状态REGISTER (13)11.1.1 BUSY (13)11.1.2写使能锁存(WEL) (13)11.1.3块保护位(BP2,BP1,BP0)..................................... .. (13)11.1.4顶/底块保护(TB)....................................... .................................................. ..1311.1.5部门/块保护(SEC) (13)11.1.6状态寄存器保护(SRP,SRP0)....................................... . (14)11.1.7四路启用(QE) (14)11.1.8状态寄存器内存保护........................................... .. (16)11.2 INSTRUCTIONS (17)11.2.1制造商和设备标识........................................... .. (17)11.2.2指令集表1 (18)W25Q64BV11.2.3指令表2(阅读说明书)....................................... (19)出版日期:2010年7月8日- 3 - 修订版E11.2.4写使能(06h) (20)11.2.5写禁止(04h) (20)11.2.6读状态寄存器1(05H)和读状态寄存器2(35H).............................. (21)11.2.7写状态寄存器(01H)......................................... .................................................. .. (22)11.2.8读取数据(03h) (23)11.2.9快速阅读(0Bh) (24)11.2.10快速读双输出(3BH)........................................ .................................................. 0.25 11.2.11快速读四路输出(6BH)........................................ .. (26)11.2.12快速读双I / O (BBh) (27)11.2.13快速读取四I/ O (EBh) (29)11.2.14八进制字读取四I/ O(E3H)..................................... (31)11.2.15页编程(02h) (33)11.2.16四路输入页编程(32H)........................................ . (34)11.2.17扇区擦除(20H) (35)11.2.1832KB的块擦除(52H) (36)11.2.1964KB的块擦除(D8h) (37)20年2月11日芯片擦除(C7H/ 60h) (38)21年2月11日擦除挂起(75h) (39)22年2月11日擦除恢复(7Ah) (40)23年11月2日掉电(B9h) (41)24年2月11日高性能模式(A3H)......................................... (42)25年2月11日发布掉电或高性能模式/设备ID(ABH) (42)26年2月11日读制造商/设备ID(90H)....................................... . (44)27年2月11日阅读唯一的ID号(4BH)........................................ . (45)28年2月11日读JEDEC的ID (9Fh) (46)29年2月11日连续读取模式复位(FFH或FFFFH)...................................... .. (47)12,电气特性.............................................. (48)12.1绝对最大Ratings (48)12.2操作范围 (48)12.3上电时序和写抑制阈值......................................... (49)12.4直流电气Characteristics (50)12.5 AC测量条件.............................................. .. (51)12.6 AC电气Characteristics (52)12.7 AC电气特性(续)......................................... . (53)12.8串行输出Timing (54)12.9输入Timing (54)12.10持有Timing (54)13包装SPECIFICATION (55)W25Q64BV13.18引脚SOIC208密耳(包装代号SS)..................................... .. (55)- 4 -13.28引脚PDIP300密耳(封装代码DA)..................................... (56)13.38触点WSON8x6毫米(封装代码ZE)....................................... (57)13.416引脚SOIC300密耳(封装代码SF)..................................... . (58)14订货INFORMA TION (59)14.1有效的部件号和顶端标记.......................................... (60)15版本HISTORY (61)W25Q64BV出版日期:2010年7月8日- 5 - 修订版E1概述该W25Q64BV(64M位)串行Flash存储器提供了有限的系统存储解决方案空间,引脚和电源。
2024年班主任学期工作计划精编(6篇)

2024年班主任学期工作计划精编以提升学生综合素质为核心,营造积极向上的班级氛围,启发学生潜能,培养学生的创新思维能力和自主学习能力。
具体计划如下:一、班级组织管理1. 定期组织班会,加强班级凝聚力,关心学生的学习和生活情况。
2. 制定班级纪律,加强班级管理,培养学生的自律意识。
3. 完善班级档案管理,记录学生的成长轨迹,及时了解学生的学习动态。
二、学生个别辅导1. 定期组织心理辅导活动,关注学生的心理健康问题,帮助他们排解困扰。
2. 对于学习困难的学生,开展个别辅导,制定个性化学习计划,帮助他们克服学习障碍。
3. 与家长保持密切联系,协助解决学生学习和生活上的问题。
三、课堂教学指导1. 落实课堂教育教学方案,定期组织教师听课、互相交流教学心得,提高教学质量。
2. 针对学生的不同特点,采用多种教学手段,培养学生的学习兴趣,提高教学效果。
3. 指导学生合理安排学习时间,提高学习效率,培养学生的自主学习能力。
四、班级文化建设1. 组织丰富多样的班级活动,增加学生之间的交流与合作,培养良好的人际关系。
2. 开展班级文化建设,制定班级口号、班训等班级宣传物品,激发学生对班级的认同感。
3. 设立班级荣誉榜,表彰优秀学生,激励其他学生努力学习,争做优秀。
五、家校共育1. 组织家长会,向家长宣传学校教育理念,建立家校沟通渠道,了解学生在家庭环境中的情况。
2. 加强与家长的交流,及时向家长报告学生的学习情况和发展状况。
3. 针对家长关心的问题,提供相关的教育指导和帮助,共同关注学生的全面发展。
六、职业规划与生涯指导1. 开展职业规划活动,组织职业测评、职业讲座等,引导学生树立正确的人生观和职业观。
2. 建立行业资源库,为学生提供相关的职业信息和实践机会,帮助学生选择适合自己的专业和职业。
3. 指导学生制定个人学习和发展计划,培养学生的自主择业能力和职业发展规划能力。
通过以上的工作计划,我将全力以赴,合理安排时间和资源,积极引导学生,提高学生的综合素质,为学生的成长和发展贡献自己的一份力量。
51单片机蜂鸣器播放音乐代码(生日快乐 两只蝴蝶 祝你平安)精编版

/*生日快乐歌曲*/#include <reg51.h>#define uint unsigned int#define uchar unsigned charsbit beep = P1^5;uchar code SONG_TONE[]={212,212,190,212,159,169,212,212,190,212,142,159, 212,212,106,126,159,169,190,119,119,126,159,142,159,0};uchar code SONG_LONG[]={9,3,12,12,12,24,9,3,12,12,12,24,9,3,12,12,12,12,12,9,3,12,12,12,24,0};//延时void DelayMS(uint x){uchar t;while(x--) for(t=0;t<120;t++);}void PlayMusic(){uint i=0,j,k;while(SONG_LONG[i]!=0||SONG_TONE[i]!=0){ //播放各个音符,SONG_LONG 为拍子长度for(j=0;j<SONG_LONG[i]*20;j++){beep=~beep;//SONG_TONE 延时表决定了每个音符的频率for(k=0;k<SONG_TONE[i]/3;k++);}DelayMS(10);i++;}}void main(){beep=0;while(1){PlayMusic(); //播放生日快乐DelayMS(500); //播放完后暂停一段时间}}两只蝴蝶:#include <reg51.h> // 这是单片机音乐代码生成器生成的代码#define uchar unsigned charsbit beepIO=P1^5; // 输出为P1.5 可以修改成其它IO 口uchar m,n;uchar code T[49][2]={{0,0},{0xF8,0x8B},{0xF8,0xF2},{0xF9,0x5B},{0xF9,0xB7},{0xFA,0x14},{0xFA,0x66},{0xFA,0xB9},{0xFB,0x03 },{0xFB,0x4A},{0xFB,0x8F},{0xFB,0xCF},{0xFC,0x0B},{0xFC,0x43},{0xFC,0x78},{0xFC,0xAB},{0xFC,0xDB},{0xFD,0x08},{0xFD,0x33},{0xFD,0x5B},{0xFD,0x8 1},{0xFD,0xA5},{0xFD,0xC7},{0xFD,0xE7},{0xFE,0x05},{0xFE,0x21},{0xFE,0x3C},{0xFE,0x55},{0xFE,0x6D},{0xFE,0x84},{0xFE,0x99},{0xFE,0xAD},{0xFE,0xC0 },{0xFE,0x02},{0xFE,0xE3},{0xFE,0xF3},{0xFF,0x02},{0xFF,0x10},{0xFF,0x1D},{0xFF,0x2A},{0xFF,0x36},{0xFF,0x42},{0xFF,0x4C},{0xFF,0x56},{0xFF,0x60},{ 0xFF,0x69},{0xFF,0x71},{0xFF,0x79},{0xFF,0x81}};uchar code music[][2]={{0,4},{23,4},{21,4},{23,16},{23,4},{21,4},{23,4},{21,4},{19,16},{16,4},{19,4},{21,8},{21,4},{23,4},{21,4},{19 ,4},{16,4},{19,4},{14,24},{23,4},{21,4},{23,16},{23,4},{21,4},{23,4},{21,4},{19,24},{16,4},{19,4},{21,8},{21,4},{23,4},{21,4},{19 ,4},{16,4},{19,4},{21,24},{23,4},{21,4},{23,16},{23,4},{21,4},{23,4},{21,4},{19,16},{16,4},{19,4},{21,8},{21,4},{23,4},{21,4},{19 ,4},{16,4},{19,4},{14,24},{23,4},{26,4},{26,16},{26,4},{28,4},{26,4},{23,24},{21,4},{23,4},{21,8},{21,4},{23,4},{21,4},{19,4},{16 ,4},{16,2},{19,2},{19,24},{0,20},{26,4},{26,4},{28,4},{31,4},{30,4},{30,4},{28,4},{23,4},{21,4},{21,4},{23,16},{0,4},{23,4},{23,4},{26,4} ,{28,8},{28,12},{16,4},{23,4},{21,4},{21,24},{23,4},{26,4},{26,4},{23,4},{26,8},{0,4},{31,8},{30,4},{28,4},{30,4},{23,8},{0,4},{28,4},{28,4},{ 30,4},{28,4},{26,4},{23,4},{21,8},{23,4},{21,4},{23,4},{26,16},{0xFF,0xFF}};void delay(uchar p){uchar i,j;for(;p>0;p--)for(i=181;i>0;i--)for(j=181;j>0;j--);}void pause(){uchar i,j;for(i=150;i>0;i--)for(j=150;j>0;j--);}void T0_int() interrupt 1beepIO=!beepIO;TH0=T[m][0]; TL0=T[m][1];}void main(){uchar i=0;TMOD=0x01; EA=1; ET0=1;while(1){m=music[i][0];n=music[i][1];if(m==0x00){TR0=0;delay(n);i++;}else if(m==0xFF){TR0=0;delay(30);i=0;}else if(m==music[i+1][0]){TR0=1;delay(n);TR0=0;pause();i++;}else{TR0=1;delay(n);i++;}}}祝你平安:#include "reg52.h"unsigned char Count;sbit _Speak =P1^5 ;unsigned char code SONG[] ={ //祝你平安0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x26,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x80,0x26,0x20,0x30,0x20, 0x30,0x20,0x39,0x10,0x30,0x10,0x30,0x80,0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1c,0x20, 0x20,0x80,0x2b,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x2b,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x80,0x26,0x20, 0x30,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x39,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x26,0x60,0x40,0x10,0x39,0x10,0x26,0x20, 0x30,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x39,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x26,0x80,0x26,0x20,0x2b,0x10,0x2b,0x10, 0x2b,0x20,0x30,0x10,0x39,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x2b,0x20,0x2b,0x40,0x40,0x20, 0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x26,0x30,0x30,0x80,0x18,0x20,0x18,0x20,0x26,0x20, 0x20,0x20,0x20,0x40,0x26,0x20,0x2b,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x20,0x20, 0x20,0x80,0x1c,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x30,0x20,0x30,0x60,0x39,0x10,0x30,0x10, 0x20,0x20,0x2b,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x2b,0x80, 0x18,0x20,0x18,0x20,0x26,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x60,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x20,0x30,0x20, 0x30,0x20,0x1c,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x80,0x26,0x20,0x30,0x10,0x30,0x10,0x30,0x20, 0x39,0x20,0x26,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x2b,0x20,0x2b,0x40,0x40,0x10,0x40,0x10,0x20,0x10, 0x20,0x10,0x2b,0x10,0x26,0x30,0x30,0x80,0x00};void Time0_Init(){TMOD = 0x01;IE = 0x82;TH0 = 0xD8;TL0 = 0xEF; //12MZ晶振,10ms}void Time0_Int() interrupt 1{TH0 = 0xD8;TL0 = 0xEF;Count++; //长度加1}/*-------------------------------------------------功能:1MS延时子程序-------------------------------------------------*/ void Delay_xMs(unsigned int x){unsigned int i,j;for( i =0;i < x;i++ ){for( j =0;j<3;j++ );}}void Play_Song(unsigned char i){unsigned char Temp1,Temp2;unsigned int Addr;Count = 0; //中断计数器清0Addr = i * 217;while(1){Temp1 = SONG[Addr++];if ( Temp1 == 0xFF ) //休止符{TR0 = 0;Delay_xMs(100);}else if ( Temp1 == 0x00 ) //歌曲结束符{return;}else{Temp2 = SONG[Addr++];TR0 = 1;while(1){_Speak = ~_Speak;Delay_xMs(Temp1);if ( Temp2 == Count ){Count = 0;break;}}}}}/*------------------------------------------------- 功能:主程序-------------------------------------------------*/ void main(){Time0_Init(); //定时器0中断初始化while(1){Play_Song(0); //播放}}。
一年级教师工作总结2024年度精编(5篇)

一年级教师工作总结2024年度精编本学期,我与一年级学生共同度过了充实而富有挑战的时光。
在回顾这一学期的教学历程时,我深感教育工作的甘苦与共,充满了欢笑与泪水。
面对一年级新课程内容丰富、知识面广泛的特点,以及学生活泼好动、自我控制能力不足的现状,我深感责任重大。
为了更好地服务未来的教学工作,现对本期工作进行详实总结。
一、着力培养学生良好的学习习惯在学期初的两周,我通过编写儿歌、口令等趣味性教学方式,将学习习惯的培养融入轻松愉快的氛围中。
从坐姿到站姿,从书写到阅读,从正确的读写姿势到爱护学习用品,我都不厌其烦地进行指导。
经过一学期的努力,学生们已经养成了良好的学习习惯。
二、坚实基础,提升学生基础知识一年级是学生校园生活的起点,如同建筑高楼大厦需要坚实的地基,学生的成长也需要扎实的基础。
本学期,我重点在汉语拼音知识的掌握、写字、阅读以及课外阅读等方面下功夫。
(1)汉语拼音教学汉语拼音是语文学习的基础和关键。
为了让学生生动有趣地学习这一看似枯燥的知识,我积极与其他教师交流经验,采用多种教学手段,如儿歌、游戏等,激发学生的学习兴趣,并鼓励他们活学活用。
(2)写字训练写字是语文教学中的难点。
为了让每个学生都能写出一手好字,我注重自己的示范作用,并利用教学光盘中的写字教程,引导学生掌握写字技巧和良好习惯。
(3)阅读训练激发学生的阅读兴趣,使他们从“阅读”转变为“悦读”是关键所在。
我在课堂上设计多种形式的阅读比赛,激发学生的阅读热情,并在阅读教学中鼓励学生发挥想象力,表达自己的感受。
在新课标的指导下,我将继续更新教学观念,拓展课程学习的空间。
由于学生年龄和家庭教育的差异,班上出现了一定程度的学习分化。
在未来的工作中,我将努力推动一年级语文教学迈上新台阶。
一年级教师工作总结2024年度精编(二)随着本学期教学工作的临近结束,为确保下一学期的教学工作得以顺利开展,现将本学期教学成果进行梳理总结。
一、强化汉字教学根据我国小学语文教学大纲的要求,一年级学生在下学期应掌握____个生字,并认识____个生字。
汉语拼音学习参考大全(精编版)

一、声母(23个)
(一)按发音部位不同可以分为七类:
1、双唇音:b p m(由上唇和下唇构成阻碍而形成的音)
2、唇齿音:f(由下唇和上齿构成阻碍而形成的音)
3、舌尖中音:d t n l(由舌尖和上齿龈构成阻碍而形成的音)
4、舌根音:gk h(由舌根和软腭构成阻碍而形成的音)
5、舌面音:j q x(由舌面和硬腭构成阻碍而形成的音)
三、整体认读音节(16个)
zhi chi shi ri zi ci si(zh ch sh r z c s自成音节后加i)
yi wu yu(yi、wu、yu分别读作i、u、ü)
ye yue yuan(ye、yue、yuan分别读作ie、üe、üan)
yin yun ying(yin、yun、ying分别读作in、ün、ing)
3、与介母(介音)ü相拼的有:j、q、x等三个声母。声母j、q、x三个音不能和u相拼,只能和ü相拼;ü和j、q、x相拼时,ü在j、q、x的后面,ü头上的两点都要去掉,声母j、q、x后面的u都发ǖ(鱼)的音。
三、声母y和w及整体认读yi、wu、yu
1、y w与iu的区别:Y和w是声母,i和u是韵母,声母y,w本身不能构成音节。y和w作为声母,和其他韵母相拼,直呼出四声。
angengingong三整体认读音节16个zhichishirizicisizhchshrzcs自成音节后加iyiwuyuyiwuyu分别读作iuyeyueyuanyeyueyuan分别读作ieeanyinyunyingyinyunying分别读作inning汉语拼音学习参考资料大全二汉语拼音的构成一韵母的构成1韵母按音素组成的不同可分为
2、叠词名词的第二个音节。如:爸爸(bàba)、妈妈(māma),末音读轻声。
单片机PID算法程序精编版

单片机P I D算法程序公司内部编号:(GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-51单片机P I D算法程序(二)位置式P I D控制算法由51单片机组成的数字控制系统控制中,PID控制器是通过PID控制算法实现的。
51单片机通过AD对信号进行采集,变成数字信号,再在单片机中通过算法实现PID运算,再通过DA把控制量反馈回控制源。
从而实现对系统的伺服控制。
位置式PID控制算法位置式PID控制算法的简化示意图上图的传递函数为:(2-1)在时域的传递函数表达式(2-2)对上式中的微分和积分进行近似(2-3)式中n是离散点的个数。
于是传递函数可以简化为:(2-4)其中u(n)——第k个采样时刻的控制;KP——比例放大系数;Ki——积分放大系数;Kd——微分放大系数;T ——采样周期。
如果采样周期足够小,则(2-4)的近似计算可以获得足够精确的结果,离散控制过程与连续过程十分接近。
(2-4)表示的控制算法直接按(2-1)所给出的PID控制规律定义进行计算的,所以它给出了全部控制量的大小,因此被称为全量式或位置式PID控制算法。
缺点:1)由于全量输出,所以每次输出均与过去状态有关,计算时要对e(k)(k=0,1,…n)进行累加,工作量大。
2)因为计算机输出的u(n)对应的是执行机构的实际位置,如果计算机出现故障,输出u(n)将大幅度变化,会引起执行机构的大幅度变化,有可能因此造成严重的生产事故,这在实际生产中是不允许的。
位置式PID控制算法C51程序具体的PID参数必须由具体对象通过实验确定。
由于单片机的处理速度和ram资源的限制,一般不采用浮点数运算,而将所有参数全部用整数,运算到最后再除以一个2的N次方数据(相当于移位),作类似定点数运算,可大大提高运算速度,根据控制精度的不同要求,当精度要求很高时,注意保留移位引起的“余数”,做好余数补偿。
这个程序只是一般常用pid算法的基本架构,没有包含输入输出处理部分。
iShow高级班文本精编版

第1课A: Do you have a date for the party yet?B: Actually, I don’t. Do you think you could help me find one?A: Hmm, what kind of guys do you like?B: Oh, I like guys who aren’t too serious and who have a good sense of humor. You know, like you.A: Ok, what else?B: Well, I’d prefer someone I have something in common with-who I can talk to easily.A: I think I know just the guy for you. Bob Branson. Do you know him?B: No, I don’t think so.A: Let me arrange for you to meet him, and you can tell me what you think.A: So, what’s the verdict? What did you think of Bob? B: Well, I was worried at first especially when I saw that he wears not one but two earrings. I thought he might turn out to be one of those guys who are into heavy rock music and stuff like that. You know what I mean?A: But he’s just a regular kind of guy, right?B: Yeah, we got along really well!A: I just knew you’d like him.B: Yeah, I do, and he’s really funny. He had me laughing hysterically during dinner. I think the people sitting next to us in the restaurant thought we were crazy.A: So, are you two going to get together again?B: Definitely, in fact, we’re going to a concert tomorrow night.A: That’s great.第2课1.AndreaA: So, have you seen Andrea lately?B: Yeah, I see her pretty often. We work together at a café latté.A: How’s she doing, I’ve been meaning to call her. B: Well, to be honest! I’ve always thought she’s a little difficult. But these days, I find her impossible.A: What do you mean?B: Oh, you know how she is. She has strong ideas about everything. And if you don’t agree with her, she lets you know what she thinks of you.A: Yes, that’s true. But that’s why we love her, right? B: Yeah, I guess so. But she’s changed a lot since she started college. She talked about herself all the time and she always manages to mention how good she is at everything she does.A: Hmm. Maybe I won’t call her after all.2. JamesA: Are you going to James’s party on Saturday?B: Of course, James always gives the best parties. And there are always lots of interesting new people to meet. A: That’s true. I don’t know where he manages to find them all.B: Well, you know what he’s like. He makes friends really easily. He really likes talking to people, and he loves inviting people over.A: Ur – Ur, he invited me for dinner last Saturday, what a feast!B: Yeah, he’s a great cook too.A: After dinner I offered to help clean up, but he told me not to worry about it. He said he’d take care of it in the morning. He was like,it’s nothing, no big deal. B: Yup, that sounds like James.3. Mr. JohnsonA: Have you met the new apartment manager?B: Mr. Johnson? Hmm. Yeah, I met him last week. He’s… a little strange.A: Yeah, he is. I’m not sure I like him. He’s hard to predict. Sometimes he’s pretty cheerful and talkative, and the next day he doesn’t even say hello. I think he must have personal problems or something.B: I think you’re right. And have you noticed that half the time when he says he’s going to do something, he never actually does it? He told me three times he’d come to fix the light in my kitchen, and he still hasn’t done it.第3课A: Hello?B: Hi. My name’s Jim Hunt. I’m calling about the ad for a roommate.A: Oh, right.B: Are you still looking for someone?A: Yes, we are.B: Oh, good. I’m really interested.A: Well, there are four of us, and it’s a fairly small house, so we want someone who’s easy to get along with.B: I’m pretty easygoing.A: Great! So can I ask you a few fairly straightforward questions about yourself?B: No problem. I like it when people are direct.A: What do you do, Jim?A: Oh, well, I’ve had a lot of different jobs, but I’m not working right now.B: Yeah, I got fired from my last job about six months ago, so I’ve been looking for something else. I haven’t been very lucky so far.A: Uh-huh. Well, the rent here is $1,200 a month – uh, that’s $300 a month for each person.B: Oh, Uh ….A: Will you have enough money to pay the rent every month?B: Yeah, I probably will … if I can find a job.A: Yeah. Uh, look, where are you living now?B: Well, I’ve been staying with a friend for the past couple of weeks.A: Uh-huh.B: Yeah, but he’s asked me to leave by Friday, so I really need to find a place to live. I’ve had to move four times in the past year and, well …A: Listen, Jim. I appreciate your telling me about yourself. I like it when people are honest with me. Anyway, I have to talk to my other roommates about this, and I’ll give you a call tomorrow to let you know what we decide. Why don’t you give me your number? B: Sure, it’s two, two, three …第4课A: Good news! I’ve found a summer job!B: That’s great! Anything interesting?A: Yes, working at an amusement park. Doesn’t that sound fantastic?B: Sure, it does.A: So, have you found anything?B: Nothing yet, but I’ve got a couple of leads. One is working as an intern for a record company – mostly answering phones. Or I can get a landscaping job again.A: Being an intern sounds more interesting than landscaping. And it’s probably not as hard!B: Yeah, but a landscaper earns more money than an intern. And you get a great tan!B: So what will you be doing at the amusement park, exactly?A: Actually, I’ll have two jobs. First, I’ll be working at a place called Children’s World. They have all kinds of interesting games and educational activities for young kids. I have to go to a training program for three days before I start to find out how everything works. B: Three days? Wow, the equipment must be pretty high-tech! A: Oh, it is – a lot of computers and interesting devices. It’s just the kind of stuff that kids love.B: Well, it sounds like the perfect job for you.I know how much you love kids.So what’s your other job?A: Well. I’ll also be one of the people who walks around the park greeting people.B: Do you mean you’ll have to dress up in a costume? A: Yes, as a cartoon character! I know, I know. It sounds silly. And it’s certainly not as rewarding as working in Children’s World, but, it’s part of the job.第5课A: So where are you working this summer, Carlos? B: I’m working as a tutor in a learning center for kids. A: Interesting. What kinds of things do the kids do there?B: They work on subjects they need help in, uh, mainly .math and English.A: Is your job hard?B: No, not at all. The kids work on computers most of the time. We have to help them get started and when they run into problems.A: Do you enjoy it?B: Oh, yes. Working with kids is so much more fun than working with adults. And I get to choose my own hours. As long as I work eight hours a day, I can come in at any time from 8 A.M. TO 9 P.M.A: Lucky you!A: Paul, did you find a summer job, yet?B: Yeah, I’m working in a restaurant.A: Oh, how’s it going?B: Oh, the money’s not bad.A: What are you doing? Are you waiting tables?B: I wish! No. I’m working in the kitchen. I cut up stuff for the chef – vegetables and meat and things. I also wash the dishes.A: Oh, yuck.B: Yeah. It’s pretty hard work. I didn’t realize how hot it is in a restaurant kitchen until I took this job.A: So why don’t you quit?B: I’d love to, but I need the money.A: So what kind of job did you find for the summer? B: I’m working for a marketing company. I’m doing telephone marketing.A: Oh, so you’re one of those people who drives me crazy by calling me up and trying to persuade me to buy something that I have absolutely no need for.B: Exactly.A: Do you like it?B: Believe it or not, I do. It’s mostly a bunch of students working there, and we have a lot of fun when we’re not making calls. It’s really easy, too, since we just have to read from a script.A: Are you doing this full time?B: Yes, but I work from two in the afternoon until eleven at night, so I get to sleep as late as I want to in the morning.第6课Jack: Hi, Rod. This is Jack.Rod: Oh, hi, Jack. What’s up?J: I’m going to my best friend’s wedding this weekend. I’d love to videotape it. Would you mind if I borrowed you video camera?R: Um, yeah. That’s OK, I guess. I don’t think I’ll need it for anything.J: Thanks a million.R: Sure. Have you used a video camera before? It’s pretty easy.J: Yeah, a couple of times. Would it be OK if I picked it up on Friday night?R: Fine. No problem.B Listen to two more telephone calls Jack makes. Andy: Hello.Jack: Hi, Andy. This is Jack.A: Oh, hi, Jack.J: I was wondering if you could do me a favor.A: That depends.J: Well, I have to go to a wedding this weekend. Would it be OK if I borrowed your navy blue suit?A: Oh, sure. No problem.J: Thanks a lot. I’ll come by and pick it up tonight.A: That’s fine.Rose: Rose Rizzo.Jack: Hi, Rose. This is Jack.R: Oh, hello. How are you?J: Pretty good, thanks. Listen, the reason I’m calling is I have a really big favor to ask you.R: Yes?J: Remember I told you about that friend of mine who’s getting married to a woman he met in Barcelona? R: Yeah, I remember. And?J: Well, the wedding’s this Saturday afternoon, and it’s out in the country –about an hour’s drive from here –and I was wondering if I could borrow your car for the afternoon to get there.R: Gee, Jack, I’d really love to help you out, but I’m going to be needing my car all weekend. I’ve got a friend coming in from out of town, and I promised to show her the sights.J: Oh, OK. I understand. Anyway, how are things? I haven’t seen you for ages.R: Oh, pretty good.第7课Amy: Hello?Jeff: Hello. May I speak to Sophia, please?A: I’m sorry, she’s not in right now. Would you like to leave a message?J: Yes, please. This is Jeff. Would you tell her that Tony is having a party on Saturday?A: Un-huh.J: And would you ask her if she’d like to go with me? A: All right, Peter. I’ll give her the message.J: No, this is Jeff, not Peter.A: Oh, I’m .sorry.J: By the way, who’s Peter?Sophia: Hi! I’m home!A: Oh, hi.S: Did anyone call?A: Uh-huh. Your old friend Peter called a few hours ago. He’s going to be in town on Saturday and wants to get together with you Saturday night. He said to call him.S: Oh, super! I haven’t seen Peter in almost a year. Any other calls?A: Uh, yeah. Jeff called. He wants to know if you want to go to Tony’s party with him.S: Oh. When is Tony’s party?A: On Saturday.S: Oh, perfect. That’s the same night I’m going to get together with Peter, so I have an excuse not to go. Even if I weren’t going out with Peter, I wouldn’t go anywhere with Jeff. Oh, he’s such a pain!A: Oh, he didn’t sound so bad. He sounded kind of sweet.S: Yeah, yeah, I guess he is. It’s just that I don’t wanna go out with him – and he just doesn’t seem to get the message. Do me a favor, Amy: If he calls again, could you just tell him I’m not home?A: Hmm. OK.第8课A: What an awful story! A couple was sailing their yacht from Hawaii to Mexico. While they were crossing the Pacific, their boat hit a whale and sank! B: Is that true? What happened to the whale?A: It doesn’t say! Oh and here’s another one. A guy in Los Angles was robbing a bank. But as he was escaping, he got caught in the revolving door.B: I guess it was his first bank robbery!A: Yeah. Oh and listen to this. Some guy got locked out of his house, so he tried to get in through the chimney.B: Don’t tell me! He got stuck in the chimney!A: Exactly. And he was still trying to get out two days later when the police rescued him.A man who considered himself a snake charmer was strangled to death on Sunday by athree-and-a-half-meter boa constrictor in a town in Thailand. It seems that the man rushed to see the giant snake after friends told him the serpent was seen beside one of the town’s main roads. The snake charmer put it around his neck; while he and his friends were walking home, the snake strangled him to death.Early Tuesday morning in California, two police officers who were pursuing a car thief down Hollywood Boulevard in a high-speed chase were rescued by the thief. During the chase, the officers’ car overturned and fell into a shallow river. The officers couldn’t get out of the car, which was rapidly filling up with water. The thief went back to the scene of the accident and helped rescue the officers. The Hollywood Police Department has decided to drop charges against the thief for saving the officers’ lives.第9课A: Someone stole my wallet last night!B: Oh no! What happened?A: Well, I was working out, and I had put my stuff in my locker, just like I always do. When I came back, someone had stolen my wallet. I guess I’d forgotten to lock the locker.B: I’m sorry. That’s terrible! Did you lose much money?A: Only about $20. But I lost my credit card and my driver’s license. What a pain!B: Hmm. That reminds me of when I had my purse stolen last year.A: Really? What happened?B: Well, it was when I was in Belgium. I was on my way to the airport, so I was standing on the side of the road with my bags, trying to figure out the bus schedule. Anyway, this bunch of guys came by and asked if they could help me. They spoke very broken English, and I couldn’t really understand what they were saying. I really just wanted them to leave me alone. Finally, they left and when I looked down, I realized my purse had disappeared. It had my wallet in it with all my traveler’s checks and my money and my credit card. Well, luckily, I had put my airline ticket and my passport in one of my carry-on bags.A: How awful! So what did you do?B: Well, first I screamed at the top of my lungs and tried to run after the guys – but they were long gone. Then – this sounds really corny – I did just what I had seen people do on TV: I called my credit card company.A: Were they helpful?B: They were lifesavers! In no time at all, they’d given me new traveler’s checks and a new credit card, and sent me on my way.第10课1 Taxi driversA: It really upsets me when taxi drivers drive so fast. I’m always terrified of having an accident.B: That doesn’t really bother me. I like to get where I’m going quickly. But I can’t stand it when they have their radios turned up all the way full blast. You can’t even hear yourself think!2 People with dogsA: I hate it when people take their dogs into a park and let them make messes all over the place. It’s so irresponsible!B: You know what bothers me? I hate it when they go out and leave their dog at home, barking all day.3 TV commercialsA: I can’t stand it when they show the same commercial twice in a row. Why do they do that? It drives me crazy!B: The thing that bothers me the most is when they interrupt a ball game at the most exciting moment to show some stupid commercial.4 Store clerksA: It really upsets me when store clerks pretend they haven’t noticed you and just stand around chatting to each other. It’s so rude.B: Yeah. Or on the other hand, they give you the hard sell, and try to get you to buy something you don’t really want.第11课Clerk: Can I help you?A: Yes, I’d like to return this jacket.C: Is there something the matter with it?A: Yes. I didn’t notice when I bought it, but there are a few problems. First, it has a tear in the lining.C: Hmm, actually, it’s torn in several places.A: And some of the buttons are very loose, this one came off, in fact. And there’s a stain on the collar.C: I’m really sorry about this. Would you like to exchange it for another one?A: Well, to be honest, I don’t think this jacket is very well made. I’d rather get a refund.C: I understand. Do you have the receipt?A: Hi.C: Yes?A: I wonder if you could take a look at these shoes I bought here. They’re pretty new, but they seem to be falling apart.C: Hmm. Let me see. Yes, this doesn’t look right. The stitching is coming out. How long did you say you’ve had them?A: Only about a month. Here’s the receipt.C: Hmm…yes. Well, let me exchange these for you. I’m sorry for the inconvenience.A: Excuse me.C: Yes, how can I help you?A: You see this shirt? I bought it here a few weeks ago, but the first time I washed it, the color change. It went from bright red to light pink.C: How did you wash it?A: Well, I just tossed it into the washing machine with my other clothes.C: What temperature did you use?A: I usually wash my clothes in hot water, so I guess hot.C: Well, did you check the washing instructions?A: Um…maybe not.C: Well, you see here on this label? It says, “Wash in cold water only.”A: Um-hmm.C: So I’m really sorry, but since you didn’t follow the washing instructions, I can’t really do anything for you.第12课A: Hello, Mr. Smith? I was wondering if you could, uh, change the lightbulb out front? It went out again.B: Look, why are you bothering me now? It’s still light outside and it will be for another five hours.A: Well, I realize that, but it was dark last night, and I was fumbling with my keys, and …I’m headed out now, and … B: Miss, it just rained. It’s very wet. It’s dangerous to work with electricity when it’s wet outside.A: Oh, I…I don’t want to endanger you. It’s just that I’ll be coming home late tonight and I just want to make…B: I would love to help you miss, but somebody borrowed my ladder. I don’t have a ladder.A: Well, you know, I have a chair! If you’d just give me a lightbulb, I wouldn’t mind doing it myself. OK? B: Oh, oh. Oh! OK. Here. Take a lightbulb from one of my lamps…A: Oh, no, you don’t have to do that!B: …so you know it works. No, please. It’s my pleasure.A: Oh! Thank you!A: Uh, excuse me. Mr. Smith?B: Yeah?A: Uh, I was wondering if you could do something about my next-door neighbor’s dog?It’s been barking and…and keeping…keeping…B: Hey! Fish gotta swim, birds gotta fly, dogs gotta……A: Dogs…B: That’s nature’s way.A: Dogs…yes, but they don’t have to bark all night! This is three nights in a row……B: Oh! Wait! Wait! Have you tried earplugs?A: I’ve tried earplugs. They don’t……B: Have you seen the size of that dog? You want me to go in there? That dog could hurt me!A: Well, I need my sleep! I don’t know what to tell you, I mean……B: Look, look. I tell you what. I’ll call him on the phone, and ask if he can keep his dog quiet.A: Thank you!A: Mr. Smith.B: Mrs. Taylor.A: I have a bone to pick with you.B: What is it?A: My mail keeps arriving every day later and later. B: Mrs. Taylor, that’s the government’s fault-not mine……A: Well, I think……B: Well, complain to the post office.A: Mr. Smith! I think that it’s your job to take care of this!B: Mrs. Taylor, why do you need your mail early? Take my advice.Just relax, put your feet up, and watch a little TV, OK?A: I’m sorry, Mr. Smith. I think that you should do something about this. Now!B: OK, Mrs. Taylor. I’ll go down to the post office and speak to someone……tomorrow.第13课One thing that I never really got used to when I was traveling in Asia was the way people make noise when they drink soup. I think it’s because they want to show that they’re really enjoying their food so they make a loud slurping noise. It always bothered me. I guess it’s because my parents spent years when I was a kid telling me not to make noise while I was eating.When I lived in Spain, I was surprised at how late people eat in the evening. When you’re invited to dinner, you are asked to come arou nd nine o’clock and you usually don’t start dinner until ten. And people stay terribly late – sometimes until two in the morning or even later. I found it difficult. How does one get up and go to work or school the next day after eating and drinking until three in the morning?I lived in the Middle East for a while, and when I went out, I had to obey the local custom of wearing something over my head and wearing a dress that covered my whole body. At first, I found it a real nuisance, but after a while, I got used to it and even started to like it. You feel really secure, and also you don’t have to worry about what to wear all the time.第14课A: Excuse me. Would you like to make a contribution to Greener World?B: Sure. What are you working on right now?A: Well, we’re developing educational programs for schools. We want to show children how the oceans are being polluted by industrial waste. And we want to tell them about how fish supplies have been depleted through overfishing.B: I think what you’re doing is terrific. I wish I could do more to help.A: So, have you ever thought about becoming a member of Greener World?B: No, but tell me a little more about it.A: We’ve been active in this area for almost five years now. Are you aware of some of our other local projects?B: No, I don’t think I am.A: Well, one of the things we’ve been doing is planting trees. We have a group of volunteers involved in several tree-planting projects in different parts of the city. We’re trying to get as many trees planted as possible to help clean the air and also to help lower the temperature during the summer.B: That sounds smart.A: Uh-huh. We’ve also placed over 50 recycling bins around the city so that people can drop off things for recycling – cans, bottles, plastic bags, and newspapers. Last year we raised over $100,000 through recycling. B: That’s fantastic. I’d love to get involved in Greener World. Where do I sign?第15课A: You know, I’ve been reading a lot about the problem of landfills – and it really has me worried. B: Why?A: Well, it seems that the easiest way of disposing of trash is by burying it in landfills. The problem is thatin many countries the landfills have already been filled up, and it’s hard to find places to start new ones. No one wants a huge landfill anywhere near their neighborhood.B: So what’s the solution?A: Well, there is no easy solution. But many cities are trying to do more recycling so that they can reduce the amount of stuff that goes into the landfills.B: I can’t believe it’s become dangerous to get a suntan. What is this world coming to?A: Well, the sun has never been good for you, but it’s really dangerous now. You see, the ozonosphere, which helps protect us from the sun’s ultraviolet rays, has been damaged by pollution in the air. When the ozone layer gets too thin, it can cause an increase in skin cancer and other problems.B: But is there anything we can do to solve the problem?A: Sure. One of the biggest threats to the ozone layeris cars – the exhaust gases from cars. The best way to save the ozone layer is to drive less. So in many places, people are being asked to carpool.A: You know, you always hear about air pollution, but not many people are aware of the problem of water pollution.B: You mean in the oceans?A: No. I mean polluted drinking water. It’s a problem in almost every major city in the world. Almost all our rivers and lakes – where we get our drinking water from – are being polluted in some way by businesses farms, homes, industries, and other sources. And eventhough the water most of us drink is treated, it’s still not 100 percent pure.B: So what’s the solution?A: Well, it’s a complicated problem to solve, but basically what’s involved is treating all waste products more carefully so that dangerous chemicals and bacteria don’t get into our water supply.第16课A: You know, there’s a factory outside town that’s pumping chemicals into the river.B: How can they do that? Isn’t that against the law? A: Yes, it is. But a lot of companies ignore those laws. B: That’s terrible! What can Greener World do?A: Well, one thing to do about it is to talk to the management.B: What if that doesn’t work?A: Well, then another way to stop them is to get a TV station to run a story on it.B: Yes! Companies hate bad publicity. By the way, what’s the name of this company?A: It’s called Apex Industries.B: Oh no! My uncle is one of their top executives! Carla: Wait a minute, Before Greener World does anything, shouldn’t we make sure that we’ve got our facts straight?Andy: Absolutely. The best thing to do is to monitor the situation over the next several weeks to see what exactly is happening.B: How do we do that?A: Well, we can take pictures of the river and even take water samples to see how bad the situation is. B: OK. And maybe I could talk to my uncle about it. A: Oh, no, I don’t think that’s a good idea. Not yet, anyway.B: Why not?A: I don’t think we want to say anything to anyone until we have a clearer picture of what is going on. After we’ve monitored the situation for a while, then we can decide whether we need to have a meeting with a representative of the company to tell them what we’ve discovered. OK, Carla?B: OK.第17课A: you know, I’ve always wanted to have my fortune told.B: Really? Do you know where you can get it done? A: I’m not sure. But maybe there are some fortunetellers listed in the phone book. Let’s take a look. B: Hmm. Here’s one. You could have your palm read by Madame Zara for $70.A: That’s really expensive.B: What about this one? You can get your fortune told over the phone for only $3.75a minute.A: That’s reasonable. Come on. Try it with me!F: Fortune-Tellers international. This is Madame Ines. Let me tell you what the future will bring. What’s you sign?A: I’m a Leo.F: Hmm…let’s see. Well, this is going to be an interesting week for you.A: Why is that?F: It seems that you’re waiting to hear about something important, and you should have good news toward the end of the week.A: Hmm…I wonder what that’s about.F: But your situation at work or at school will become more difficult in the coming days. You may find things boring for a while, but you should be patient. A: OK.F: Now, on the personal side, you will have some lively and interesting discussions with someone you know well. Pay attention to this friend’s advice because it will turn out to be good for you in the long run.A: OK. That doesn’t sound too bad.F: If, you would like to hear more, I’ll need your credit card number, please.A: Oh. It’s 8997-9670072……第18课1. How to overcome shynessM: Well, I think if you’re really shy it might be a good idea to see a therapist or someone like that – you know, to get some profes sional help. You can’t always change by yourself.W: Or how about getting one of those self-help books from the library? I’m sure there are books around with lots of good suggestions that you can try.M: I think the best thing is to join a club and do activities where you have to meet and talk to different people. Like, if you join a theater group and work on putting on a play, you’ll probably be able to overcome your shyness.2. Become a good conversationalistI had always been really shy. I was the sort of person who could go to a party and never talk to anybody, and when you don’t talk to anybody, it’s hard to make friends. Anyway, my sister suggested Itake an acting class. She said it might help me become more outgoing. So, I did. I was really frightened in that first acting class. But you know it really helped. The teacher was very kind, and taught me that I could talk to anybody just by pretending to be someone else.3. How to get in shape for summerM: Getting in shape for summer can be easy. Just take a fairly fast walk for at least an hour a day. You’ll be surprised at how much fat you can burn off just by walking every day.W: I recommend getting a personal trainer at a gym. It’s expensive, but a personal trainer can help you focus on what you really need to do and show you the best kinds of exercises to do to tighter up your tummy or whatever it is you want to tighten up.M: I think the best way to get in shape is by riding a bicycle to work or school. And on the weekends, go out for longer rides. It sounds easy, but actually, a good long bike ride can be even better for you than a workout at the gym.第19课A: So, Linda, what have you been doing with yourself?B: Not much. Oh, wait! That’s not true. I took this great dancing course last semester.A: Oh, yeah! What kind of dancing?B: We learned tap dancing and square dancing.A: Wait……why on earth would you want to learn tap dancing and square dancing? It sounds exhausting. B: Oh, just for fun. You should try taking the course. You’ll see t hat you learn more than just dancing, you also learn how to be more confident and how to interact better with other people.A: Hmm. I think with all that hopping around I’d be too exhausted to interact with anyone.G: I just got my grade in the mail. I got an A!A: Wow! That’s terrific. Congratulations. What kind of course was it?G: Oh, it was one of those business courses. They just taught us how to open a small business.A: Oh, did it help?G: Oh, absolutely. We learned a lot of general principles, and then they taught us about how to run a small retail business. I got a lot of great information that I could use if ever I decide to open……oh, let’s say a plumbing supply store.A: A plumbing supply store?第20课A: So what were you like as a kid? B: When I was a kid, I was kind of rebellious.A: You? Really? What was the turning point?B: When I graduated from high school.A: What do you mean?B: Until you graduate, you don’t understand that life is just Beginning. After I finished high school, I realized that I still had a lot to learn.A: I know what you mean. I was really immature when I was a kid.B: What changed?A: I think I became more mature after I got my first job. Once you have a job, you learn to be more independent.B: That’s true. Where did you work?A: In my father’s bank.B: Another turning point for me was when I got my dog, Pepper. I know that sounds silly, but it was really important to me.A: Why was that so important?B: Well, I was about 11. I remember that having a dog – you know, he was mine – made me feel really responsible in a funny kind of way. He would follow me everywhere and was always waiting for me when I came home from school.A: Actually, that sounds kind of nice. I never got to have a dog, but I remember when I got my first bicycle. That was a very important day for me. For the first time, I could go out on my own and go as far as I wanted to. I used to polish the bicycle every day and take really good care of it. Of course, that only lasted a few months, and then I lost interest in it!第21课One thing that was really a turning point for me was when I learned Spanish. I was always kind of scared of learning a foreign language, yet I was really envious of kids who could speak another language. But when I started learning Spanish, I found I was actually pretty good at it, and the moment I reached that breakthrough stage – you know, when you discover you can actually speak and communicate with people in the language – I felt really proud of myself. I realized that learning a foreign language wasn’t an impossible thing after all. Now I can speak three, Spanish, Italian, and German. And I’m taking Korean this year.I’m a twin, and my twin brother and I have always been very close. We always did everything together, and we were never apart for any time at all – until we。
【精编】第一课件网www1kejiancom - 精品学习网-学习考试资讯

我们每个人都有丰富多样的情绪, 但是这并不意味着我们会成为情绪 的“奴隶”,相反我们每个人都能 够成为自己情绪的主人!
怎样调控情绪?
越努力越幸运 4
甲乙两秀才一起去赶考,路上他们遇到了一支出殡的 队伍。看到那黑糊糊的棺材,甲秀才心里立即“咯噔” 一下,心想:完了,赶考的日子居然碰到这个倒霉的 棺材。他的心情一落千丈,走进考场后,那个“棺材” 一直挥之不去,结果文思枯竭,最后名落孙山。乙秀 才看到棺材时心里也“咯噔”了一下,但转念一想: 棺材,棺材,有“官”又有“财”,好兆头。乙秀才 十分兴奋,情绪高涨,进考场后,文思泉涌,最终金 榜题名。
9
徐力杀母事件
这是一个令人难以置信的悲剧。
2000年1月17日,浙江金华。上高中二年级、17 岁的少年徐力,因忍受不了母亲要他“学习、 学习”的唠叨,竟残忍地用锤子把母亲活活打 死!
这天下午1时许,徐母在自己的房间里干活。 徐力见电视开着,便走过去想看一会儿。母亲 说:“马上要期末考试了,你要考全班前十 名。”徐力说:“很难考的,这不太可能。” 母亲说:“那还看电视,还不用功点!……” 10 越努力越幸运 母亲开始喋喋不休。徐力开始一声不吭,他甚
越努力越幸运 16
合 理 发 泄
越努力越幸运
17
合理发泄法
1.在适当的场合哭一场 2.向他人倾诉 3.进行剧烈运动 4. 大声喊叫或放声歌唱
越努力越幸运 18
合 理 发 泄
越努力越幸运
19
2010年,在一些城市出现了一群被称为“捏捏 族”的年轻人,在下班后或周末等闲暇时间专 程到超市搞恶作剧:把饼干、方便面捏碎、给 可乐等饮料“放气”等等。据称,此举是为了 释放工作压力,减缓焦虑。
——所以,情绪是需要调控的,青少年 尤其如此。
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以后继续整理下载地址,一下是中学版的视频·小学版的以后更新)教育学(中学):在线观看教育心理学(中学)(第三讲没有找到)第1讲第2讲第3讲第4讲第5讲第6讲第7讲第8讲第9讲第10讲第11讲第12讲第13讲第14讲第15讲第16讲第17讲第18讲第19讲第20讲第21讲第22讲第23讲第24讲第25讲第26讲第27讲第28讲第29讲第30讲第31讲第32讲第33讲第34讲第35讲第36讲第37讲第38讲第39讲第40讲第41讲第42讲教育学(小学)西南师范大学-幺加利版本:在线观看(这个版本全点)教育学(小学)学易培训版:在线观看(最近的就一讲以后会更新,知识点详细)2010年中、小、幼儿教师资格证教育学考试资料汇总以下是天津市教师资格证考试范围(中小学的)教育学:填空选择1 正规教育的主要标志:近代以学校系统为中心的教育制度2 在我国,一般认为正式的学校产生于:奴隶制国家建立以后的夏朝3 古代希腊教育有:古代雅典教育,古代斯巴达教育4 七艺:文法,修辞,辩证法,几何,算术,天文,音乐5 战国后期,《礼记》中的《学记》是中国教育史上和世界教育史上最早最完整的教育学专著6 苏格拉底—“知识即道德”以及“产婆术”7 夸美纽斯写成《大教学论》:标志着教育学从哲学母体中脱离出来,成为一种独立的学科。
8 1806年,德国教育家赫尔巴特出版《普通教育学》主张教育学是以实践哲学和心理学为基础,他是“传统教育派”的代表。
9 现代教育派的代表:杜威10凯洛夫主编的《教与学》被誉为“当代第一本社会主义教育学”11我国第一本试图用马克思主义的观点系统分析教育问题的著作是杨贤江《新教育大纲》12直接决定教育目的的因素:政治制度13学校文化的核心:价值观念14学校文化从其形态上可分:物质文化,制度文化,精神文化15教育目的是一切教育工作的出发点,教育目的的实现则是教育活动的终点。
16马克思关于人的全面发展学说是确定我国教育目的的理论基础17教育与生产劳动相结合是实现人的全面发展的唯一方法18 1995,《中华人民共和国教育法》规定教育要“培养德智体等全面发展的神会主义事业的建设者和接班人。
”19在我国,课程具体表现为:教学计划,教学大纲,教科书20课程类型是指:课程的组织方式或设计课程的种类21根据课程任务可分为:基础型课程,拓展型,研究型22根据课程制定者或管理层次,可分为:国家课程,地方课程,学校课程23制约学校课程的三大因素:社会,知识,儿童24教学计划在基本内容上,主要包括:教学科目的设置,学科顺序,课时分配,学年编制,学周安排25教学计划的中心问题:开设哪门课程26教学大纲的构成:说明部分,文本部分27教科书是教学大纲的具体化(教科书是课程标准的具体化)28教学是学校进行全面发展的基本途径,是学校中最基本的活动29教学的首要任务是:引导学生掌握科学文化基础知识和基本技能30教学过程的基本要素有:教学者,受教育者,教育影响31教学的中心环节是:领会知识32备课的内容包括:钻研教材,了解学生,制定教学进度计划33德育过程通常由教育者,受教育者,德育内容和德育方法4个相互制约的要素构成34德育过程的基本矛盾:社会通过教师向学生提出的道德要求与学生已有的品德水平之间的矛盾35我国的与的基本途径:政治课与其它学科教学,课外活动与校外活动,劳动,共青团活动,班主任工作。
36学校行政体系中最基层的行政组织:班级名解1学校教育:是有专职人员和专门机构承担的有目的,有系统,有组织的以影响受教育者的身心发展为直接目标的社会活动。
2教育学:是一门以教育现象和教育问题为研究对象,探索教育规律的科学。
3学校文化:是指学校全体成员或部分成员习得且共同具有的思想观念的观念和行为方式。
4广义的教育目的:是指人们对受教育者的期望,即人们希望受教育者通过教育在身心诸方面发生什么样的变化,或者产生怎样的效果。
5狭义的教育目的:是国家对把受教育者培养成为什么样人才的总的要求。
6教师:是履行教育教学职责的专业人员,承担教书育人,培养社会主义事业建设者和接班人,提高民族素质的使命。
7广义课程:是指学生在校期间所学内容的总合及进程安排。
8学校课程:是在具体实施国家课程和地方课程的前提下,通过对本校学生的要求进行科学评估,充分利用当地社区和学校的课程资源而开发的多样性的可供学生选择的课程。
9课程设计:是一个有目的,有计划,有结构的产生教学计划,教学大纲以及教科书等的系列化活动。
10教学计划:是指导和规定课程和教学活动的依据,是学校课程和教学活动的依据,也是制定分科标准,编写教科书和设计其它教材的依据。
11教学大纲:又称学科课程标准,是课程计划中每门学科以纲要的形式编定的,有关学科教育内容的指导性文件。
12教学模式:是指在一定的教学思想或理论指导下,为完成特定的教学任务,实现预期的课程目标所形成的相对稳定的,系统化的教学活动的基本范型。
13教学:是教育目的规范下的教师教与学生学共同组成的一种活动。
14教学过程:教师根据教学目的,任务和学生身心发展的特点,通过指导学生有目的,有计划的掌握系统的文化科学基础知识和基本技能,发展学生智力和体力,形成科学的世界观及培养道德品质,发展个性的过程。
15教学原则:是根据一定的教学目的和对教学过程规律的认识而制定的指导教学工作的基本准则。
16教学方法:是师生为了完成教学任务,实现教学目标而采取的共同活动方式,是教师引导学生掌握知识技能,获得身心发展而共同活动的方法。
17教学组织形式:是指为完成特定的教学任务,教师和学生按一定要求组合起来进行活动的结构。
18班级授课制:是一种集体教学形式,它是一定数量的学生按年龄与知识程度编成固定的班级,根据周课表和作息时间表,安排学生有计划的向全班学生集体上课。
19教学策略:特指为达到某种预测效果所采取的多种教学行动的综合方案,就是在教学目标确定以后,根据已定的教学任务和学生特征,有针对性的选择与组合有关的教学内容,教学组织形式,教学方法和技术,以便形成具有效率意义的特定的教学方案。
20德育:是教育者按照一定社会和阶级的要求,与目的,有计划,系统的对受教育者施加思想政治和道德影响,通过受教育者积极的认识,体验,身体力行,以形成他们的品德和自我修养能力的教育活动。
21德育目标:是通过德育活动在受教育者品的形成,发展上所要达到的总体规格要求,即德育活动所要达到的预期目的或结果的质量标准。
22德育过程:是教育者和受教育者双方借助于德育内容和方法,进行施教传道和受教修养的统一活动过程,是促使受教育者道德认识,道德情感,道德意志和道德行为发展的过程,是个体社会化和社会规范个体化的统一过程。
23德育原则:是根据教育目的,德育目标和德育过程规律提出的指导德育工作的基本要求。
24班主任:是学校中全面负责一个班学生的思想,学习,生活等工作的教师,是班级的组织者,领导者和教育者,是学校办学思想的贯彻者,是联系班级任课教师和学生团队组织的纽带,是沟通学校,家长和社会的桥梁。
25班级:是一个复杂的小社会体系,是学校体系中最基层的行政组织。
26班级管理:是教师根据一定的目的要求,采用一定的手段措施,带领班级学生,对班级中的各种资源进行计划,组织,协调,控制,以实现教育目标的组织活动过程。
27学校绩效:是指学校功能发挥所产生的实际效果,是管理有效性的重要标志。
简答1现代(学校)教育制度的发展趋势?1)加强学前教育并重视与小学教育的衔接2)强化普及义务教育并延长义务教育的年限3)普通教育与职业教育朝着相互渗透的方向发展4)高等教育的类型日益多样化5)学历教育与非学历教育的界限逐渐淡化6)教育制度有利于国际交流2 20世纪以后的教育特征?1)教育的终身化2)教育的全民化3)教育的民主化4)教育的多元化5)教育技术的现代化3 政治经济制度对教育的制约?1)政治经济制度决定教育的领导权2)决定这受教育的权利3)决定着教育的目的4)教育相对独立于政治经济制度4 生产力对教育的决定作用?1)生产力发展水平决定教育的规模和速度2)制约着教育结构的变化3)制约着教育的内容和手段4)教育相对独立于生产力的发展水平5 学校文化的特征?1)是一种组织文化2)是一种整合性较强的文化3)以传递文化传统为己任4)校园文化是学校文化的缩影6 个体身心发展的一般规律(个体发展的一般规律对教育的启示)1)个体身心发展的顺序性,要循序渐进。
2)阶段性,前后相邻的阶段是有规律的更替。
3)不平衡性,要关注个体身心发展的关键期。
4)互补性,某方面技能受损或缺失可通过其他方面超常发展得到部分补偿。
5)个别差异性,要因材施教。
7 学校教育对个体发展的特殊功能?1)学校教育的特殊性2)学校教育的独特性,学校教育按社会对个体的基本要求对个体发展的方向与方面做出社会性规范;学校教育具有加速个体发展的特殊功能;对个体的影响不仅有即时的价值,而且有延时的价值。
学校教育具有开发个体特殊才能和发展个性的功能。
8 教育目的的意义和作用?教育目的是一切教育工作的出发点,教育目的的实现则是教育活动的终点,它贯穿于教育活动的全过程。
他的指导意义体现在:导向作用,激励作用,评价作用9 马克思关于人的全面发展学说的基本理论要点?1)人的全面发展是与人的片面发展是相对而言的,全面发展的人是精神与身体,个体性和社会性得到普遍,充分,自由发展的人。
2)人朝什么方向发展,怎样发展,发展到什么程度取决于社会条件。
3)从历史发展的进程来看,人的发展受到社会分工的制约。
4)现代大工业生产的高速发展必将对人类提出全面发展的要求,并提供全面发展的可能性。
5)马克思预言,人类的全面发展只有在共产主义才能得以实现。
6)教育与生产劳动相结合是实现人的全面发展的唯一方法。
10教师的职业特点?1)传道者角色2)授业,解惑者角色3)示范者角色4)管理者角色5)父母与朋友角色6)研究者角色11教师职业专业化的条件(教师的基本素养)?1)教师的学科知识素养2)教师广泛的文化素养3)教师的教育专业素养:敬业;树立正确的教育观念;掌握教育理论和具有良好的教育能力;有一定研究能力12教学的一般任务?1)关注学生的个性发展2)传授系统的学科基础知识和基本技能3)发展智力,体力,创造才能4)培养学生的社会主义品德和审美情趣,奠定学生的科学世界观基础。
13教学过程的基本特点(规律)?1)间接经验与直接经验相结合2)掌握知识与发展智力相统一3)教学过程中知,情,意的统一4)I教师指导作用与学生能动性结合。
14教学过程的结构?1)引起学习动机2)领会知识3)巩固知识4)运用知识5)检查知识15上好课的具体要求?1)目标明确2)重点突出3)内容正确4)方法得当5)表达清晰6)组织严密7)课堂气氛热烈16综合课的结构?1)组织教学2)检查复习3)讲授新教材4)巩固新教材5)布置课外作业17班级授课制主要有缺点?1)班级授课制的优点:有利于经济有效地,大面积的培养人才;有利于发挥教师的主导作用;有利于发挥班集体的教学作用。