2019-2020学年山西省运城市临猗县临晋中学高一下学期开学复课摸底考试物理试题
2019-2020学年山西省运城市临猗县临晋中学高一下学期开学复课摸底考试英语试题
山西省运城市临猗县临晋中学2019-2020学年高一下学期开学复课摸底考试英语试题一.阅读理解（每小题3分，共60分）APalaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It is easy to defend a large building, but usually these buildings are not designed with the comfort of a king in mind. When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success.Castles were originally built in England by the Normans in 1066.They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet and safe place. They also served as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those that were socially beneath the governor would come to report affairs and express their respect. They would address problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well.The first castles were built from earth and wood, and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire. Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towers and walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off from the ground floor and up to the first floor to make them more difficult to access.During the Middle Ages, attacks increased in regularity, so castle defenses were updated.Arrow-slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defenders to fire without being hurt. Towers were built from which defenders could provide fire on both sides. The towers were connected to the castle by wooden bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lot of rings of castle walls were constructed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would be caught on a killing ground between inner and outer walls. All of these increased the defense of castles.The end of castles can be attributed to gunpowder. During the 15th century, artillery, a kind of large guns, became powerful enough to break through stone walls. This greatly made the role of castles less effective. Though castles no longer serve their original purposes, remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year who wish to experience the situations of ancient times.1.What was the original function of castles according to the passage?A.They served as tourist attractions.B.They were important social centers.C.They marked religious ceremonies.D.They were built for use in emergencies.2.The reason why wooden castles were replaced by stone castles was that .A.stone castles cost less moneyB.stone castles offered better defenseC.wooden castles were uncomfortableD.wooden castles took a long time to build3.Which of the following showed an improvement in castle defenses?A.Castles were totally separated by stones.B.Arrow-slits were made in large quantities.C.Rings of walls were built to defend the towers.D.Windows and entrances were moved to the higher floor.4.What is the best title of the passage?A.Fancy Living: Learning about CastlesB.Normans: Bringing Castles to EnglandC.A History of Castles: The Rise and Fall of CastlesD.Defending Castles: Technologies Used to Defend CastlesBKangaroo Island is more famous for what it hasn’t got than what it has. Unlike mainland Australia,rabbits and foxes were never introduced,so the local wildlife has less competition for survival. Another thing the island doesn’t have is something a Scottish friend once called,“The Way of the Island.” There is no sense of being on the island;in many places,you can climb to a high point and see nothing but bushes in any direction.That catches many visitors out when they arrive with the idea of walking or cycling around the island. It’s really too big for that. There is little in the way of public transport,and the most practical ways to get around are to sign up for an organised tour or hire a car.The island’s main road,the Playford Highway,h eads westward from Nepean Bay until it meets the West End Highway in the middle of nowhere. The West End Highway heads south;the Playford Highway continues westward as a dirt road to Cape Borda,where there is a lighthouse,a few former light keepers’ cottag es,a National Park Visitor Centre and nothing else. Much of the island is farmland;lamb and beef from Kangaroo Island are especially prized. Fruit is also a major export,but the grapes in the vineyards (葡萄园) are turned into very acceptable wine first.19 N ational Parks and Conservation Areas cover over 30% of the island’s area, and the biggest of them lies to the southwest of the island,where the Flinders Chase National Park covers 32,600 hectaresof bush land. Entry is by permit only,which we bought at the park entrance at Rocky River. There,we wondered if the park authorities had the wildlife trained,because we saw a family of kangaroos right in the car park by the park office,but they only appeared after we paid the entrance fee!5.Why is the wildlife on Kangaroo Island more likely to survive?A.Because there are no rabbits or foxes on the island.B.Because rabbits and foxes are less competitive species.C.Because nobody lives on the island.D.Because the island is famous for its bushes.6.One of the most practical ways to get around on the island is to .A.rent a carB.ride a bikeC.take public transportD.sign up for a travel lesson7.What can you find at Cape Borda?A.The Playford Highway.B.The West End Highway.C.A few vineyards.D.Some former light keepers’cottages.8.The author and his family saw a family of kangaroos at the Flinders Chase National Park after they .A.talked to the park authoritiesB.paid the entrance feeC.went into the park officeD.arrived at Rocky RiverCFarmers, especially in developing countries, are often criticized (批评) for cutting down forests. But a new study suggests that many farmers recognize the value of keeping trees.Researchers using satellite photos found at least ten percent of trees cover on more than one billion hectares of farmland. That is almost half the farmland in the world. Earlier estimates (估计) were much lower and incomplete. The authors of the new study say it may still underestimate the true extent (程度) worldwide.The study found most trees cover in South America. Next comes Africa south of the Sahara, followed by Southeast Asia. North Africa and West Asia have the least.The study found that climate conditions alone could not explain the number of trees covers in different areas, nor could the size of nearby populations, meaning people and trees can live together. There are areas with few trees but also few people, and areas with many trees and many people. The findings suggest that things like land rights, markets or government policies can influence tree planting and protection.Dennis Garrity, who heads the World Agroforestry Center, says farmers are acting on their own to protect and plant trees. The problem, he says, is that policy makers and planners have been slow to recognize this and to support such efforts.The satellite photos may not show what the farmers are using the trees for, but we all know trees offer nuts, fruit, wood and other products. They also help prevent soil loss and protect water supplies. Even under drought (干旱) conditions, trees can often offer food and can be a way to earn money until the next growing season.Some trees act as natural fertilizers. They take nitrogen (氮气) out of the air and put it in the soil. Scientists at the Center say the use of fertilizer trees can reduce the need for chemical nitrogen by up to three-fourths. Trees also capture carbon dioxide, a gas connected to climate change.9.Through the study, the researchers found that.A.there are more trees on farmland than expectedB.fewer trees are being cut in developing countriesC.most farmers still don’t realize the value of treesD.trees play a key role in preventing climate change10.Which of the following has the least tree cover?A.Southeast Asia.B.West Asia.C.South America.D.Africa south of the Sahara.11.In Dennis Garrity’s opinion, .A.most farmers care about nothing but their own interestsB.there are usually few people living in areas with few treesernment plays a small role in tree planting and protectionernment should support farmers in planting and protecting trees12.What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about?A.How farmers plant trees.B.What products trees can bring.C.The importance of trees to farmers.D.The environmental value of tree cover.DTwo billion children in the developing world can’t receive good education—the key to human development. However,technology offers an answer which allows the poor in developing countries to learn. It is a tool which holds the ability to change the lives of the poor,as it provides a means of learning and communicating.Educational programs must break away from old systems. New companies such as One Laptop Per Child (OLPC),an organization founded by MIT Professor Nicholas Negroponte have been active in solving the world’s education problem.The Internet has changed the world,allowing educational services to help with the global fight against poverty. Khan Academy is one such service. Like OLPC,it is an organization founded by Harvard Business School graduate Salman Khan with the task of “providing a free, world-class education for anyone,anywhere”.The education offered includes a large number of math-related topics.The GMAT Pill Review is another company that trains MBA candidates(应考人)worldwide to prepare for the GMAT exam on both the Quant and Verbal section. Founded by Stanford graduate Zeke Lee,the company offers services which are priced at about 75% less than other similar programs. It allows students from developing countries who might not be able to afford similar courses to have access to these services.Whether paid or free these services provide educational opportunities for those who would never have had the chance in the past. As a result of the technology revolution (革新),business schools may see more students from different corners of the world. Because of the Internet,people in developing nations have access to better and more affordable educational opportunities. More and more people will try to improve their lives through educational opportunities outside of their homeland—an idea usually uncommon in developing countries.13.According to the passage,technology can .A.improve people’s reading abilityB.solve the problems facing the whole worldC.help the poor to reduce povertyD.cause poverty in developing countries14.We can learn from the passage that Khan Academy aims to .A.help the poor pay for good coursesB.provide every child with a computerC.help train MBA candidatesD.make everyone receive good education15.Which of the following about GMAT Pill Review is TRUE?A.It only accepts students from developing countries.B.It was started by Professor Nicholas Negroponte.C.It charges students about 25 percent of other similar programs.D.The education it offers includes a lot of math-related topics.E阅读七选五(核心素养:语言能力)The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. 16 Pollution means making things dirty. It comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.Man has been polluting the earth. 17 Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, Man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.18 It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.19 They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.The earth is our home. We must take care of it. 20 And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time.A.One of the biggest is pollution.B.The more people, the more pollution.C.Air pollution is still the most serious.D.That means keeping the land, water and air clean.E.Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.F.I hope scientists can find ways to solve the serious problem.G.Strange diseases have appeared in some places because of pollution.二.完形填空(每小题2分，共40分)Andy was still traveling in Spain when he realized he had to confirm (核实) his flight home with the airline company. He was visiting Spain in order to 1 his Spanish. When he was speaking to people 2 he had no 3 understanding what they said. 4 , when he was speaking on the phone, he had a(n) 5 . Andy 6 the airline. And the clerk confirmed that his plane was leaving at nine o’clockthree days from that day. She 7 told Andy to be at the airport two hours 8 in order to check in his luggage and get a seat.Since he was 9 in three days,Andy didn’t10 any time. He visited as many places as he could. He thought that it would probably be a while before he had enough money again. He wished he could 11 and spend a year in Spain.Too 12 ,the final day arrived. Andy left early for the airport to arrive two hours before take-off. He hated to 13 .He went to the clerk to 14 his ticket. The clerk looked at the ticket with 15 .“Why,sir,but your flight was at nine o’clock in the morning,and 16 it is eight in the evening.” “But I confirmed my flight,”Andy 17 . “Will I have to pay for another ticket?”“No,sir. However,the next flight out will be three days from now.”Andy’s 18 of shock turned to one of 19 as he realized that now he could continue his 20 .1.A.prepare B.improve C.enjoy D.contact2.A.slowly B.in public C.face to face D.fluently3.A.difficulty B.idea C.mistake D.interest4.A.Instead B.In a word C.At the same time D.However5.A.sickness B.anger C.problem D.change6.A.called B.liked C.trusted D.asked7.A.again B.also C.only D.once8.A.before B.earlier ter D.after9.A.moving B.returning C.staying D.leaving10.A.take B.have C.lose D.find11.A.wait B.go home C.stop e back12.A.shortly B.quickly C.badly D.fully13.A.speak B.go C.rush D.delay14.A.buy B.present C.order D.provide15.A.astonishment B.patience C.respect D.delight16.A.maybe B.so C.here D.now17.A.insisted B.apologized C.smiled D.desired18.A.experience B.expression C.look D.thought19.A.pleasure fort C.sadness D.hopelessness20.A.plan B.flight C.business D.vacation三.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)One quarter of the population of Sichuan province and Chongqing municipality 1. (work) away from their homes as migrant workers. But the number 2. _______(have) been dropping this year.24-year-old Gu Qingxia 3. worked as a cashier before, together with her husband, 4. (be) to job fairs (招聘会) in Chongqing for many times and 5. ___________(want) to find jobs near hometown, because they want to come back to take care of their parents. This year, the number of migrant workers, like Gu Qingxia and her husband who 6. (choose) to return home for work 7. (be) increasing. Besides family, with rapid development of southwestern China, a large number of employment opportunities 8. (give) to migrant workers and they can earn as much as 9. they earn 10. Shenzhen.四根据所给提示用适当单词或短语的正确形式完成句子(共10 小题；每小题l.5 分，满分15 分)1.Crime often exists with poverty, like stealing driven by (hungry).2.The two cities are twinned with each other because of many (similar).3.Louis Cha Leung-yung, one of the most (influence) Chinese novelists, andbetter known under the pen name Jin Yong, died on 30th October.4.The hotel, beautifully (situate) in a quiet spot near the river, creates an atmosphere which visitors find so appealing.5... (strike) by the hurricane, the area had power cuts, but quickly it was back to normal.6.He came round for a coffee and we7.Ancient China was a place where states were often战)having a meal together. (以……结束)each other. (与……交8.Thankfully, the number of people who get infected is decreasing, and more and more patientsare cured and return home safe and sound; , everything will be fine.(简言之)9.Concerned about the continuing pollution of the environment, wetake action right away instead of letting matters take their course. (除...别无选择)10.____ , there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. (平均来说)五书面表达(满分20 分)假定你是李华，你校外教Kevin 对中国传统文化很感兴趣。
高一语文下学期开学复课摸底考试试题
山西省运城市临猗县临晋中学2019-2020学年高一语文下学期开学复课摸底考试试题（考试时间120分钟总分120分）一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1—3题。
《红楼梦》中的服饰有一些是汉族历代传承的服饰，也有很多是清代人的穿着。
黛玉初至荣国府时，见到王熙凤穿着“缕金百蝶穿花大红洋缎窄裉袄，外罩五彩刻丝石青银鼠褂”。
袭人要回家探亲时也是在“桃红百子刻丝银鼠袄子”外，再套上“青缎灰鼠褂”。
徐珂《清稗类钞·服饰》中说：“褂，外衣也，礼服之加于袍外者。
”赵振民《中国衣冠中之满服成分》索性认定：“中国古无‘褂’字……盖满制也。
”应该说褂子是清代人对肥大上衣的习惯称谓。
贾宝玉是作者着墨最多、寄托最深的人物之一。
他的服饰特色体现在红色上。
初见黛玉时，服饰以红为主色；群芳夜宴时，枕着红香花枕；祭奠晴雯时，穿着血点般大红裤子：看破红尘出家时，身披“大红猩猩毡的斗篷”。
这是因为红色是最能体现宝玉个性特征和心理状态的颜色。
红色有强烈的视觉效果，具有令人产生激动、热烈的本性和感情的力量，与他热情奔放的性格暗合。
红色也体现了他尊重女性的心理特征。
中国传统文化中，红色常是女性的代名词，古代男子常称其女性好友为“红颜知己”。
宝玉非常推崇、爱慕和关心女性，红色岂不正是他怡悦红颜的绝妙注解？红色还是他反抗封建礼教、追求个性解放的象征。
他虽被视为掌上明珠，却处处受羁绊，恨不能挣脱封建礼教的束缚。
而红色常使人联想到火焰和鲜血的颜色，是充满刺激性和令人振奋的色彩，它能使人产生积极进取的思想，这正是宝玉性格的写照。
服饰不但能体现人的外貌和性格，在阶级社会里，更能显示人的地位。
贾雨村还是寄住在葫芦庙内的一个穷儒时，曹雪芹只用“敝巾旧服”四个字就画出了这个落魄文人的潦倒。
邢岫烟虽为小姐，无奈家道艰难，只能穿着“家常旧衣”，连冬天也穿得“很单薄”。
对那些美貌而富贵的人，曹雪芹则不惜浓墨重彩。
山西省运城市临猗县临晋中学2019-2020学年高一化学下学期开学复课摸底考试试题[含答案]
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山西省运城市临猗县临晋中学2019-2020学年高一化学下学期开学复课摸底考试试题（考试时间 90分钟）一、选择题（本题18个小题，每小题3分，共54分）1. 如图是部分短周期元素化合价与原子序数的关系图，下列说法正确的是（）A.原子半径：Z＞Y＞XB. Y和Z 两者最高价氧化物对应的水化物能相互反应C. 气态氢化物的稳定性：R＜WD. WX3和水反应形成的化合物是离子化合物2. A、B、C、D、E是同一周期的五种主族元素，A和B的最高价氧化物对应的水化物均呈碱性，且碱性B＞A，C和D的气态氢化物的稳定性C＞D；E是这五种元素中原子半径最小的元素，则它们的原子序数由小到大的顺序为（）A. A、B、C、D、EB. E、C、D、B、AC. B、A、D、C、ED. C、D、A、B、E3．科学家合成出了一种新化合物(如图所示),其中W、X、Y、Z为同一短周期元素,Z核外最外层电子数是X核外电子数的一半。
下列叙述正确的是( )。
A. WZ的水溶液呈碱性B. 元素非金属性的顺序为X>Y>ZC. Y的最高价氧化物的水化物是中强酸D. 该新化合物中Y不满足8电子稳定结构X Y4．四种短周期元素X、Y、Z和W在周期表中的位置如图所示，原子Z W序数之和为48。
下列说法不正确的是（）A．原子半径(r)大小比较r(X)＞r(Y)B．X和W可形成共价化合物XW3C．W的非金属性比Z的强，所以W氢化物的沸点比Z的高D．Z的最低价单核阴离子的失电子能力比Y的强5. 根据元素周期表和元素周期律，判断下列叙述不正确．．．的是( )A．气态氢化物的稳定性：H2O＞NH3＞SiH4B．氢元素与其他元素可形成共价化合物或离子化合物C．图1所示实验可证明元素的非金属性：Cl＞C＞SiD ．用中文“”（ào）命名的第118号元素在周期表中位于第七周期0族6. 某学生用如图所示装置进行化学反应X+2Y==2Z能量变化情况的研究。
2019-2020学年山西省运城市高中联合体高一下学期第一次摸底考试英语试题
山西省运城市高中联合体2019-2020学年高一下学期第一次摸底考试英语试题本试卷总共分为六部分。
满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why did the woman ask the man for help?A. Because she got lost.B. Because she was not herself.C. Because she wanted to buy some books.2. What does the man think of diet?A. It’s a foolish action.B. It helps to lose weight.C. It will make one feel weak.3. What does the woman mean?A. She hopes for an early reply.B. There is no need for the man to hurry.C. The man can read the menu as long as he likes.4. What’s the probable relationship be tween the two speakers?A. Doctor and patient.B. Assistant and customer.C. Driver and passenger.5. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a hotel.B. In a restaurant.C. In a bank.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。
山西省运城市高中联合体2019_2020学年高一物理下学期第一次摸底考试试题2-含答案 师生通用
山西省运城市高中联合体2019-2020学年高一物理下学期第一次摸底考试试题一、选择题（本题共12小题，每小题4分，共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，第1～8题只有一项符合题目要求，第9～12题有多项符合题目要求，全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错的得0分）1. 关于曲线运动，下列说法正确的是（ ） A. 做曲线运动的物体速度大小一定变化 B. 受到合力的大小和方向肯定有一个在变化 C. 加速度恒定的运动不可能是曲线运动 D. 曲线运动有可能是匀变速运动2. 下列关于万有引力定律说法正确的是（ ）A. 万有引力定律用来研究宏观物体间的相互作用，微观原子、分子间不存在万有引力作用。
B ．依据万有引力定律公式可知，物体间的万有引力随距离的增大而减小，随距离的减小而增大，当物体质心间距离趋向于零时，万有引力会达到无穷大。
C ．生活中的我们站在一起时并没有因为万有引力而紧紧粘贴，是因为万有引力定律并不适用于生命体。
D ．牛顿提出一切物体之间都存在万有引力，并给出关系式。
但是直到卡文迪许的出现，才使得他的理论得到了完美的验证。
3. 如图所示，站在岸边的人通过拉动绳子使得小船靠岸。
已知船的质量为m ，水的阻力恒为F f ，当轻绳与水平面的夹角为θ时，船的速度为v ，若此时人水平拉动绳子的力大小记为F ，则( ) A. 船的加速度为fF F m-B. 船的加速度为mF F f-θcos /C. 人拉绳行走的速度为v cos θD. 人拉绳行走的速度为cos vθ4. 如图所示，窗子上、下沿间的高度H ＝1.6 m ，墙的厚度d＝0.4 m ，某人在离墙壁距离L ＝1.4 m 、距窗子上沿h ＝0.2 m 处的P 点，将可视为质点的小物件以v 的速度水平抛出，小物件直接穿过窗口并落在水平地面上，取g ＝10 m/s 2．则v 的取值范围是( )A. v >7 m/sB. v <2.3 m/sC. 3 m/s<v <7 m/sD. 2.3 m/s<v <3 m/s 5. 如图所示，一小球（可视为质点）从一半圆轨道左端A 点正上方某处开始做平抛运动，运动轨迹恰好与半圆轨道相切于B 点．半圆轨道圆心为O ，半径3R =m ，且OB 与水平方向夹角为60°，重力加速度g =10 m/s 2，则小球抛出时的初速度大小为( ) A. 1 m/sB. 2 m/sC. 2．5 m/sD. 3 m/s6. 质量为m 的物体沿着半径为r 的半球形金属球壳滑到最低点时的速度大小为υ，如图所示，若物体与球壳之间的摩擦因数为μ，则物体在最低点时的（ ）A. 向心力为m （g+2v r）B. 对球壳的压力为2mv rC ．受到的摩擦力大小为μm gD. 受到的摩擦力大小为μm（g+2v r）7. 如图所示，在半径为R 的半圆形碗的光滑表面上，一质量为m 的小球以转数n 转每秒在水平面内作匀速圆周运动，该平面离碗底的距离h 为（ ） A. R -224g n π B.224g n πC.24gR n π- D.224gn π+2R 8. 嫦娥五号探测器是由中国空间技术研究院研制的中国首个实施无人月面取样返回的航天器。
山西省临猗县临晋中学2019-2020学年高一9月月考物理试卷 Word版含答案
物理试题一．选择题（共12小题，每小题4分，共48分，其中9--12为多选，选不全得2分，错选得0分）1．如图是体育摄影中“追拍法”的成功之作，摄影师眼中清晰的滑板运动员是静止的，而模糊的背景是运动的，摄影师用自己的方式表达了运动的美．请问摄影师选择的参考系是（）A．大地B．太阳C．滑板运动员D．步行的人2．下列情况中的物体，哪些可以看作质点（）A．研究从北京开往上海的一列火车的运行速度B．研究汽车后轮上一点运动情况的车轮C．体育教练员研究百米跑运动员的起跑动作D．研究地球自转时的地球3．运动员参加110米栏比赛，11秒末到达终点的速度为12m/s，则全程的平均速度是（）A．10 m/s B．11 m/s C．6 m/s D．12 m/s4．一个做匀加速直线运动的物体，初速度为2.0m/s，它在第3s内通过的位移是4.5m，则它的加速度为（）A．0.5 m/s2B．1.0 m/s2C．1.5 m/s2D．2.0 m/s25．一质点的x－t图像如图所示，那么此质点的v－t图像可能是下图中的( )6.某物体的运动规律如图所示，下列说法正确的是( ) A ．物体在第1 s 末运动方向发生变化 B ．第2 s 内、第3 s 内的速度方向是相同的 C ．物体在第2 s 末返回出发点D ．在这7 s 内物体的加速度大小不变，向正方向运动1 m7．有一长为L 的列车，正以恒定的加速度过铁路桥，桥长也为L ，现已知列车车头过桥头的速度为v 1，车头过桥尾时的速度为v 2，那么，车尾过桥尾时的速度为( )A ．2v 1－v 2B ．2v 2－v 1 C.2v 21－v 22D.2v 22－v 218．甲、乙、丙三辆汽车以相同的速度同时经过某一个路标，以后甲车一直做匀速直线运动，乙车先加速后减速，丙车先减速后加速，它们经过下一路标时的速度又相同，则( )A ．甲车先通过下一个路标B ．乙车先通过下一个路标C ．丙车先通过下一个路标D ．三车同时到达下一个路标9．（多选）物体做匀变速直线运动的初速度为6m/s ，经过10s 速度的大小变为20m/s ，则加速度大小可能是 ( ) A 、20.8/m s B 、21.4/m s C 、22.0/m s D 、22.6/m s10．（多选）甲、乙两汽车在一平直公路上同向行驶．在t ＝0到t ＝t 1的时间内，它们的v －t 图像如图所示．在这段时间内( )A．汽车甲的平均速度比乙的大 B．汽车乙的平均速度等于v1＋v2 2C．甲、乙两汽车的位移相同 D．汽车甲和汽车乙的加速度大小都在逐渐减小11．（多选）一辆汽车在运动过程中遇到紧急情况需刹车，从某时刻开始，其速度平方v2随位移x的变化关系为v2＝(16－4x)(m/s)2，则下列说法正确的是( )A．汽车的初速度为4 m/s B．汽车刹车时的加速度大小为4 m/s2 C．汽车刹车过程中的平均速度为8 m/s D．汽车的刹车时间为2 s12.（多选）a、b两质点沿直线Ox轴正向运动，t=0时，两质点同时到达坐标原点O，测得两质点在之后的运动中，其位置坐标x与时间t的比值（即平均速度）随时间t变化的关系如图所示，以下说法正确的是( )A．质点b做匀速运动,其速度为0．5 m/sB．质点a做匀加速运动，其加速度为1．0C．t=1s时，a、b再次到达同一位置D．t=2s时，a、b再次到达同一位置二．实验题（每空2分，共14分）13．为了测定某轿车在平直路面上起动时的加速度(可看作匀加速直线运动)，某人拍摄了一张在同一底片上多次曝光的照片，如图2所示，如果拍摄时每隔2 s 曝光一次，轿车车长为4.5 m，则其加速度约为____________（计算得数保留两位有效数字）图214．从下列所给器材中，选出测定匀变速直线运动的加速度实验所需的器材，有____________；为达到实验目的，还缺少______________________________．①打点计时器②天平③低压直流电源④细线⑤纸带⑥小车⑦钩码⑧秒表⑨一端有滑轮的长木板15．如图是研究物体做匀变速直线运动的实验得到的一条纸带(实验中打点计时器所接低压交流电源的频率为50 Hz)，从0点后开始每5个计时点取一个计数点，依照打点的先后顺序依次编为0、1、2、3、4、5、6，测得x1＝5.18 cm，x2＝4.40 cm，x3＝3.62 cm，x4＝2.78 cm，x5＝2.00 cm，x6＝1.22 cm.（计算得数保留两位有效数字）(1)相邻两计数点间的时间间隔为________s.(2)物体的加速度大小a＝________m/s2，方向________(选填“A→B”或“B→A”)．＝____________m/s.(3)打点计时器打计数点3时，物体的速度大小v3三．计算题（共4小题,共38分）16、（8分）从车站开出的汽车，做匀加速直线运动，走了12 s后，发现还有乘客没上来，于是立即做匀减速直线运动至停车，总共历时20 s，行进了 50 m．求（1）加速阶段和减速阶段的加速度之比是多少？（4分）（2）汽车的最大速度为多大．（4分）17．（15分）一辆汽车做匀减速直线运动，已知先后途中经过相距27 m的A、B 两点所用时间为2 s，汽车经过A点时的速度为15 m/s.求：(1)汽车经过B点时的速度大小（5分）（2）经过B点后，再过4s和10s汽车的位移之比是多少？（10分）18．（15分）有一架电梯，启动时匀加速上升，加速度为2m/s2，制动时匀减速上升，加速度为-1m/s2，楼高52m．求：（1）若上升的最大速度为6m/s，电梯升到楼顶的最短时间是多少？（2）如果电梯先加速上升，然后匀速上升，最后减速上升，全程共用16秒，上升的最大速度是多少？命题人：常金龙附加题(高考真题)1.一物体做直线运动，其加速度随时间变化的a-t图象如图所示。
山西省运城市临猗县临晋中学2019-2020学年高一下学期开学复课摸底考试地理试题含解析
高一年级复课地理测试试题范围（必修一第五章——必修二全部）一、单选题（每题1.5分，共60分）读某区域和乙地垂直自然带分布示意图，回答下列各题。
1. 关于甲、丙两地环境特征的叙述，正确的是( )A. 自然带相同B. 冬季盛行风风向相同C. 河流汛期相同D. 夏季盛行风风向相同2. 关于三地自然带的叙述，正确的是( )A. 从甲到丙的变化体现了从沿海向内陆的地域分异规律B. 从甲到丙的变化是以水分为主导因素的C. 丙地是亚热带常绿硬叶林带D. 乙地垂直自然带数目的多少仅取决于当地的纬度【答案】1. B 2. C【解析】【1题详解】由自然带分布示意图可以知道，自然带北坡分布较低，故该区域位于北半球；图中纬度为北纬，甲地为温带海洋性气候，乙地为温带季风气候，丙地为地中海气候。
甲地的自然带为温带落叶林带，丙地是亚热带常绿硬叶林带，A不对；甲地为温带海洋性气候，丙地为地中海气候，两地在冬季都受到盛行西风带的影响，B对；甲地河流无明显汛期，乙地河流的汛期在冬季，C不对；甲地全年盛行西风，乙地夏季受到副热带高气压带影响，D不对。
故选B。
【2题详解】甲地、丙地都位于沿海地区，两地差别主要是纬度的差异，AB不对；该区域位于北半球，图中纬度为北纬，丙地位于纬度30—40大陆西岸，属于地中海气候，所以丙地是亚热带常绿硬叶林带，C对；乙地是一个山体，其自然带的多少决定于其海拔高度，D不对。
故选C。
下图示意我国1960~2045年每五年的劳动人口增长变化（含预测）。
读图完成下列各题。
3. 我国劳动人口数量最多的年份是A. 1965年B. 1980年C. 2015年D. 2045年4. 未来10年劳动人口数量的变化将导致A. 老龄人口增加B. 人口增加C. 人才外流严重D. 用工成本上升【答案】3. C 4. D【解析】本题组以我国劳动人口增长变化为背景，设置两道试题，考查学生获取有效地理信息分析问题的能力。
【3题详解】图中纵坐标表示的是劳动人口增长率，不是劳动力人口数量。
山西省运城市2019-2020学年高一下学期第一次摸底联考英语试卷Word版
英语试题本试卷总共分为六部分。
满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
第二部分阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
AMetro Pocket GuideMetrorail(地铁)Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.Farecard machines are in every station, Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $ 5 in change.Get one day of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a. m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.Hours of ServiceOpen: 5 a. m. Mon.-Fri. 7a. m. Sat.—Sun.Close: midnight Sun.—Thur. 3a.m.Fri. —-Sat.nightsLast train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in the stations.MetrobusWhen paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1. 35 . when paying with a SmarTrip card, the fare is $1. 25Fares for the Senior /disabled customersSenior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards,SmarTrip cards and passes, please visit MetroOpenDoors. com or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100Travel tips●Avoid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a. m. and between 4 and 6 p. m.●If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at202-962-1195.21. What should you know about farecard machines?A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a. m.B. They are connected to change machines.C. They offer special service to the elderly.D. They make change for no more than $5.22. What is good about a SmarTrip card?A. It is convenient for old people.B. It saves money for its users.C. it can be bought at any time.D. it is sold on the Internet.23. Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?A. 202-962-1195B. 202-962-1100C. 202-637-7000D. 202-637-8000BSurviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house. “It’s the ocean that makes Rockaway so special, ” she says.On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridge s closed.When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Na talie’s friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie’s school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. V olunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.“My mom tells me that I can’t control what happens to me,” Natalie says. “but I can always choose how I deal with it. ”Natalie’s choice was to help.She created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick’s collection was replaced.In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-need supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.Today, the scars(创痕)of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can’t imagine living anywhere but Rockaway, ” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before. ”24. When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane , she found______.A. some friends had lost their livesB. her neighborhood was destroyedC. her school had moved to BrooklynD. the elderly were free from suffering25. According to paragraph 4, who inspired Natalie most?A. The people helping Rockaway rebuild.B. The people trapped in high-rise buildings.C. The volunteers donating money to survivors.D. Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.26. How did Natalie help the survivors?A. She gave her toys to other kids.B. She took care of younger children.C. She called on the White House to help.D. She built an information sharing platform.27. What does the story intend to tell us?A. Little people can make a big difference.B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.C. East or West, home is best.D. Technology is power.CBasketball fans around the world are mourning the death of American superstar Kobe Bryant.Bryant was killed in a helicopter crash Sunday in California, along with his 13-year-old daughter Gianna and seven other people. He was 41 years old.Bryant was an 18-time All-Star player. He won five NBA championships and two Olympic gold medals. He was widely considered one of the greatest basketball players of his generation during his 20-year career with the Los Angeles Lakers.The helicopter carrying Bryant and the others crashed into a hilly area in foggy conditions outside Los Angeles. Bryant lived south of Los Angeles and often used helicopters to travel around the area to save time and avoid Southern California traffic.The cause of the crash is under investigation. It took place about 32 kilometers from Bryant's Mamba Sports Academy, a basketball training center in Newbury Park, California. Bryant was on his way to attend a youth basketball competition on Sunday with his daughter. Bryant and his wife, Vanessa, had four daughters.When he retired from the NBA in 2016, Bryant was the third-leading scorer in NBA history with 33,643 points. He is widely expected to be elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame this year.The basketball world and the Los Angeles community reacted to Bryant’s death with anoutpouring of sadness, disbelief and support.In a statement, NBA Commissioner Adam Silver said Bryant was one of the greatest stars in the game. But he added, He will be remembered most for inspiring people around the world to pick up a basketball and compete to the very best of their ability.On Twitter, U.S. President Donald Trump noted the terrible news. He called Bryant one of the truly great basketball players of all time who was just getting started in life.28.Where is the passage probably taken from?A. A science report.B. A biography.C. A textbook.D. A newspaper.29. What Kobe Bryant impressed people in the world most was .A. his deathB. his achievementsC. his inspirationD. his talent30. The underlined words “under investigation” in Paragraph 5 mean______.A. careful examinationB. evidenceC. discussionD. argument31. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?A. Hearing the death of Kobe, fans around the world were very sad.B. There were nine passengers on board, including one of his daughters.C. Bryant was to attend a basketball competition with his daughter.D. Bryant used the helicopter to save time and avoid the traffic jam on a fine day.DWhether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo.While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to distinguish when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more appropriately to the user.The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. Therobot doesn’t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns abo ut each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos.Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces.Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to assist customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the product’s location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for.The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us,” said Breazeal.32. What can a Jibo robot do according to Paragraph 3?A. Communicate with you and perform operations.B. Answer your questions and make requests.C. Take your family pictures and deliver milk.D. Obey your orders and remind you to take pills.33. What can Oshbot work as?A. A language teacher.B. A tour guide.C. A shop assistant.D. A private nurse.34. We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will ______.A. train employeesB. be our workmatesC. improve technologiesD. take the place of workers35. What does the passage mainly present?A. A new design idea of household robots.B. Marketing strategies for social robots.C. Information on household robots.D. An introduction to social robots.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
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山西省运城市临猗县临晋中学2019-2020学年高一下学期开学复课摸
底考试物理考试题
（考试时间90分钟总分100分）
一：选择题（每题4分。
1-8题为单选题，9-12题为多选题。
答对给4分，少选给2分，答错给0分）
1．下列说法不正确的是（）
A．-10J的功大于+5J的功
B．功是标量，正、负表示外力对物体做功还是物体克服外力做功
C．一个力对物体做了负功，则说明这个力一定阻碍物体的运动
D．功是矢量，正、负表示方向
2: 如图所示，滑轮和绳的质量及摩擦不计，用力F提升原来静止的质量为m=10kg 的物体，物体以大小为的加速度匀加速上升，求前3s内力F做的功为．（取g=10m/s2）（）J
A 1000
B 1020
C 1080
D 1100
3：某物体自由下落，它的速度由0增加到5m/s和由5m/s增加到10m/s的两短时间内，重力做功的平均功率之比为（）
A 1:2
B 1:3
C 1:1 D1:4
4: 假设摩托艇受到的阻力的大小正比于它的速率。
如果摩托艇发动机的输出功率变为原来的2倍，则摩托艇的最大速率变为原来的（）
A．4倍B．2倍C．倍D．倍
5：甲乙两物体质量的比m
1：m
2
=3：1，速度的比v
1
：v
2
=1：3，在相同的阻力作
用下逐渐停下，则它们的位移比S
1：S
2
是（）
A. 1：1
B. 1：3
C. 3：1
D. 4：1
6：韩晓鹏是我国首位在冬奥会雪上项目夺冠的运动员。
他在一次自由式滑雪空中技巧比赛中沿“助滑区”保持同一姿态下滑了一段距离，重力对他做功1 900 J，他克服阻力做功100 J。
韩晓鹏在此过程中( )
A．动能增加了1900 J B．动能增加了2000 J
C．重力势能减小了1900 J D．重力势能减小了2000J
7: 一条长为L的均匀链条，放在光滑水平桌面上，链条的一半垂直于桌边，如图所示．现由静止开始使链条自由滑落，当它全部脱离桌面瞬时的速度为多大
（）
A B v=gL/18
C gL
D6
/
gL
8: 如图，一半径为R的半圆形轨道竖直固定放置，轨道两端等高；质量为m的质点自轨道端点P由静止开始滑下，滑到最低点Q时，对轨道的正压力为5/2mg，重力加速度大小为g．质点自P滑到Q的过程中，克服摩擦力所做的功为（）
A. mgR/2
B. mgR/3
C. mgR/4
D.3 mgR/4
9:质量为2kg的物体置于水平面上，在运动方向上收到水平拉力F的作用，沿水平方向做匀变速运动，拉力作用2s后撤去，物体运动的速度图像如图所示，则下列说法正确的是（取g=10m/s2）（）
10：质量为m的物体，从静止开始以g/2的加速度竖直下落h的过程中，下列说法正确的是（）
A 物体的机械能守恒 B物体的机械能减少了mgh/2
C物体的重力势能减少了mgh/2 D物体克服阻力做功mgh/2
11一个质量为2kg的物体被人用手由静止向上提升1m，此时物体的速度是lm/s．重力加速度g=10m/s2，物体被向上提升过程中，下列说法正确的是（）
A. 手对物体做功21J
B. 合外力对物体做功3J
C. 合外力对物体做功2J
D. 物体克服重力做功20J
12:如图所示，质量为m的物体静止在地面上，物体上面连着一个轻弹簧，用手拉住弹簧上端上移H，将物体缓缓提高h，拉力F做功W F，不计弹
簧的质量，则下列说法错误的是 ( )
A．重力做功－mgh，重力势能减少mgh
B．弹力做功－W F，弹性势能增加W F
C．重力势能增加mgh，弹性势能增加FH
D．重力势能增加mgh，弹性势能增加W F－mgh
二：填空题（每空2分，共计12分）
13：如图所示，放在地面上的木块与一劲度系数k＝200N/m的轻质弹簧相连。
现用手水平拉弹簧，拉力的作用点移动x1＝0．3m，木块开始运动，继续拉弹簧，木块缓慢移动了x2＝0．5m，求：(1)上述过程中拉力所做的功为（）(2)此过程弹簧弹性势能的变化量为（）。
14：
计算题（共四道题，共计40分）
15：（8分）如图所示，物体放在水平地面上，用一根细绳跨过固定在物体上的定滑轮，绳的一端固定在墙上A处，且使细绳的AB部分与地面平行，细绳的另一端C在水平拉力F=20N的作用下，使物体向右沿地面移动2 m，求（1）则拉力F做功是多少？
（2）若作用在C端的外力F斜向上，与水平方向的夹角为60°，仍使物体沿地面向右移动2m，则拉力F做的功是多少？
16：（10分）如图所示，位于竖直平面内的光滑轨道,由一段斜的直轨道和与之相切的圆形轨道连接而成,圆形轨道的半径为R.一质量为m的小物块从斜轨道上某处由静止开始下滑,然后沿圆形轨道运动.要求物块能通过圆形轨道最高点,且在该
最高点与轨道间的压力不能超过5mg(g为重力加速度).求物块初始位置相对于圆形轨道底部的高度h的取值范围。
17：（10分）瀑布从20m高处以Q=103m3/s的流量竖直落下，流进底部的水轮机后再以2m/s的速度流出，水轮机再带动发电机发电．如果水的机械能转化为电能的效率是80%，那么发电机发电的电功率有多大？（水在山顶的速度可忽略不计，取g=10m/s2，结果保留三位有效数字）
18：（12分）遥控小车在水平的直轨道上以恒定加速
度由静止启动，其v-t图像如图所示（2～10s内的图
像为曲线外，其余时间段图像均为直线），小车的质
量为1kg，设所受阻力大小不变，2s后功率不变。
则
小车在0～10s运动过程中位移的大小为多少？
高一年级开学复课考试物理参考答案一：选择题（每题4分）
二：填空题（每题2分）
13：26j 6j、
14、
计算题
15：（8分）80j 60j
16：（10分）
试题答案：R≤h≤5R
17：（10分）解答解：每秒钟流过发电机的水的质量为：m=ρV=1×106kg，每秒钟水流机械能损失为△E=mgh-1212mv2=1×106×10×20-12×12×1×106×22J=1.98×108J
发电机的电功率：P=80%×△E=1.54×108W；
答：发电机发电的电功率1.54×108W；
18题（12分）。