task 6及课后语法答案
牛津译林版八下Unit6 Grammar –Task(含答案)
八下Unit6 Grammar –TaskⅠ.单项填空( )1.It will be a good thing Lily to become a teacher .A. toB. asC. forD. on( )2.It is to finish your homework on time .A. funnyB. interestingC. necessaryD. unnecessary( )3.It is meaningful that .A. to join the workB. join the workC. for us to join the workD. we join the work( )4It’s easy for Eddi e .A. that eats the whole cakeB. to eat the whole cakeC. eat the whole cakeD. that he eats the whole cake( )5.It is impossible us raise a lot of money .A. for ; toB. for ; thatC. that ; toD. to ; for( )6.It is important people good manners .A. for ; to learnB. of ; to learnC. for ; learnD. of ; learn( )7.It is great us to get so many favorite books on International Children’s Book Day .A. toB. withC. ofD. for( )8. go to the theatre together with me ? Good idea .A. How aboutB. Why do youC. Why notD. What about( )9.It is bad for your eyes computer games too much .A. playsB. to playC. playD. to playing( )10.You can show your support to our school team cheering for our players .A. byB. forC. toD. of( )11.Although he was a child , he tried to find ways people life more .A. to help ; enjoyB. help ; enjoyC. to help ; enjoyingD. help ; enjoying( )12.Lots of children’s lives because of Project Hope in China .A. were changedB. changedC. changingD. was changed( )13.The government the homeless free living spaces .A. provides ; forB. takes ; withC. provides ; withD. bring ; for( )14.It’s comfortable you to light music when you feel tired .A. for ; listenB. for ; to listenC. of ; to listenD. of ; listening( )15.There are 2,012 workers in this factory .A. of allB. after allC. at allD. in allⅡ.完形填空Many Americans love sport . This does not necessarily 1 that they get any exercise . What they do is to 2 national teams on television . They watch baseball , 3 , basketball , hockey , golf and tennis –which means that for most of the weekends they sit 4 the television . If they are friendly , their friends watch with them .Baseball is the great American 5 and every team has fans . Nearly every big city has a6 , and as each team plays 162 games a year , following baseball can7 a lot of time . The playing season begins in spring and8 in the fall World Series , when the two leading teams play each other . The first9 four games wins the Series . Although calledthe World Series , Canada is the only other 10 to take part in it .Football , played in the fall and winter , is also very popular . It is not at all like the game11 soccer . There isn’t much kicking in American football , which has more to 12 running with the ball and knocking people down . Each team only plays 16 games during the season , and these 13 on Sundays and Monday evenings . Half the country watches the 14 game on a Sunday , in January .When there are no good games on television , Americans watch 15 sports . Many colleges feel that if they want their former students to give money to their old schools , they need a winning football team .( )1.A. show B. mean C. require D. invent( )2.A. turn B. put C. watch D. join( )3.A. football B. song C. dance D. music( )4.A. behind B. after C. next to D. in front of( )5.A. program B. sport C. school D. club( )6.A. team B. player C. teacher D. square( )7.A. look up B. get up C. put up D. take up( )8.A. begins B. moves C. needs D. finishes( )9.A. to lose B. to win C. to beat D. to afford( )10.A. city B. province C. country D. world( )11.A. called B. asked C. used D. answered( )12.A. talk with B. get on with C. do with D. agree with( )13.A. hang out B. take place C. look forward to D. hold on to( )14.A. first B. middle C. next D. final( )15.A. child B. middle school C. high school D. collegeⅢ.词汇A.将下列句子改为同义句1.It’s good that we get up early and do morning exercises .It’s good get up early and do morning exercises .2.It’s impossible for him to finish it in ten minutes .It’s impossible it in ten minutes .3.To help others is meaningful for us .meaningful help others .4.Tom is only a child . So it’s difficult to take a long walk .It is Tom to take a long walk he is only a child .B.根据括号内所给汉语或单词完成句子1.It’s very important (keep) ourselves healthy .2.How much time did you spend (learn) the new words in Unit 6 ?3.I hope you (find) the information useful .4.What foreign language (teach) in your school ?5.He told me that the story (take) place in 1988 .6.Is it right (say) one thing but to do another ?7. (be) a member of the Bird—watching Club brings me much pleasure .8.We will never give up (support) the work of the local charities.参考答案八下Unit6 Grammar –TaskⅠ.单项填空1.C2.C3.D4.B5.A6.A7.D8.C9.B 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.D Ⅱ.完形填空1.B2.C3.A4.D5.B6.A7.D8.D9.B 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.D 15.D Ⅲ.词汇A.将下列句子改为同义句1.for us to2.that he finishes3.It is , that we4.difficult for ; becauseB.根据括号内所给汉语或单词完成句子1.to keep2.learning3.will find4.is taught5.took6.to say7.Being8.supporting。
新托福口语Task 6难点解析及答题技巧(下)
新托福口语Task 6难点解析及答题技巧（下）朗阁海外考试研究中心难点三：语言组织首先是听力内容已经大致掌握的情况下，语言的组织应遵从以下几个要求。
第一，语言的使用没有明显的语法错误。
在对T ask6进行转述时，使用一般现在时即可，不需要特地转换成过去时，避免叙述过程中，尤其是对例子的阐述过程中出现的时态错乱的情况。
第二，结构的安排应当有逻辑性。
转述时按照总分的结构来进行，每个分论点也是以总分的形式展开。
第三，Lecture中的要点全部要涉及，如能按照原话复述，可尽量加入原词原句。
按照这样的要求，我们来看一看前文中所说到的TPO2该如何进行总结。
如前所述，对于这样一篇总分总结构的文章，其本质其实还是总分。
如果按照原文架构来讲，先说coins 和paper bills是money的一种，但广义上的理解是什么。
然后再分别讲，硬币和纸钞作为钱；以物易物机制下的钱；后面又回头讲coins和paper bills的法律意义，显得有点杂乱。
因此，可以在语言上适当梳理，将本文变为，广义而言的货币，狭义而言的货币。
【TPO2范例答案】：In this lecture, the professor talks about the notion of money.As he first explains, under a broad definition, coins and paper bills are not the only form of money because money is anything that people can use to make purchases with. For example, we pay coins and paper bills for a taxi ride. Thetaxi driver pays vegetables using that coins and bills. But in barter system, which refers to a system where people trades goods and services for other goods and services, the same taxi driver could use the taxi service as a payment for the vegetables he wants from the farmer. And under this circumstance, vegetables are money.Then the professor goes on to demonstrate a narrower definition of money. That is coins and paper bills are the only acceptable payment by law. For example, the taxi driver in previous scenario could only accept coins and bills as the legal payment, not the vegetables offered by the farmer.其中，划横线的部分是听力当中真实出现的词句。
托福口语Task6 模板及高分答案
TOEFL Speaking Task6
题目类型及答题要点
题目类型
第6题是学术讲座，题目主要包括2个部分：
➢LISTENING PART
在听力部分中，一名教授会讲授某个学术的定义，概念，现象或过程，并举例说明。
听力的长度约为230-280词，听力时间为90到120s不等，此时考生需要根据对听力内容的理解进行笔记。
➢ANSWERING PART
在答题部分中，首先是20s的准备时间，然后60s的答题时间。
此时考生需要:
审题—确定答题重点。
浏览笔记—标记答题重点，划掉冗余部分。
整理思路—快速理清答题重点的逻辑顺序。
话题类型
Task 6 和Task 4一样，涉及学术话题。
涵盖的领域很广，不过最高频的话题是
那第六题说白了，就是一个复述题目。
同学们复述的重点是两个子标题以及例
从参考答案中，大家可以看出来第一句话改写题目是多么容易操作！Frontier前沿教育Esther 老师托福口语独家资料qq：397862712。
Task 6终结版
Task 6练习题Task 6-1Now listen to a part of a talk in a psychology class.Today, class, we are going to discuss what is called the interference theory. This theory has to do with memory. What it states is that when we forget it’s not because the memories a re actually lost from our memory storage, but well, because other information gets in the way of what we want to remember. Within this theory there are two different types of interference: proactive interference and retroactive interference. I’m going to g ive an example of each.First, let me explain proactive interference. This happens, uh…when something we’ve already learned gets in the way of something we are trying to learn later. The old memories interfere with the new memories. For example, you had a really good friend in your first year of university, but then that friend moved away. Then a couple of years later you constantly call your best friend by the name of your old university friend. Because of the similar feeling for both friends, the name of the old friend keeps coming to your mind.The second type of interference, retroactive, occurs when something more recently learned gets in the way of remembering past information. The old and the new information overlap and get in the way of each other. Um…to illustrate, imagine that you buy a new red car, however you’ve had several cars previously. When you are talking about cars with friends and try to describe cars you’ve in the past, you can’t remember what color they were. You can only think of red, the color of your new car. In other words, the more recent learning interferes with the recall of earlier learning. (271 words)Question:Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the two types of interference.TASK 6-2Now listen to part of a talk in a biology class.Bees communicate that they have discovered pollen so that other bees can bring nectar back to the hive. The ways in which bees communicate are not completely understood. There are two main theories: the “waggle dance” and the “odor plume”. These two theories seek to explain how worker bees give directions to other bees about where to find the source of nectar.Of the two theories, the “waggle dance” is by far the most popular. The dance that bees perform after returning to the hive is well documented. The bee dances in a circular fashion. Scientists who advocate the waggle theory believe that is done to attract the attention of other bees and to direct them to where the flowers are. The angle of the dance conveys the direction of where the food source is. For example, if the bee dances up, then the flowers are toward the sun. If a bee dancesdown, then the source would be away from the sun. Similarly, if a bee dances to the left or right, then the flowers are in that direction.Most researchers believe that the dance provides sufficient information to enable other bees to locate the pollen. However, proponents of the odor plume theory argue that the dance alone does not provide enough information. They propose that bees are directed by odor. On returning to the hive, worker bees dance to attract other bees. After attracting other bees through dancing, they can then share the odor with them so that they may follow the odor trail to its source. (259 words)Question:Using points and examples from the lecture, describe the two proposed theories explaining how bees communicate with other workers.TASK 6-3Listen to part of a lecture in an economic class.As we can see in history, almost every aspect of human society changes over time. Our methods of transportation, communication, social interaction and even language have changed in large and small ways. Our concept of money has changed as well. Um…think of payment as an example. Nowadays, when we think of money we think of the bills in our wallets, the coins in our pockets and the numbers printed on our bankbooks. How many of you would accept two chickens in return for mowing someone’s lawn? Probably none of us would. That’s because with the evolution of human society the narrow sense of money, paper bills and coins, has become the only acceptable mode of payment for our everyday needs for goods and services. Mm… however it hasn’t always been so. There was a time when it was perfectly acceptable, if not preferable, to receive goods and services in return for other goods or services. This was the more broad sense of money. For example, if you needed a new roof on your home, you could give a roofer a cow in exchange for his work. In such a situation, the cow and replacing the roof were both forms of payment, money in the broad sense of the term. This exchange of goods and services was known as the barter system. Bartering has not completely disappeared, however in modern society the narrow sense of money, paper and coins, is what fuels the engines of modern economies. (246 words)Question:Using points and examples from the text, explain the two definitions of money the professor presents in the lecture.TASK 6-4Now listen to an instructor talk about two methods of food preservation.A ll foods will eventually spoil if they’re not preserved. Food preservation is the process of preventing or slowing the natural decay of edible plants and animals, spoilage that results from microorganisms-bacteria, molds, and yeast-that are present in the food.The most natural method of preserving food is drying. Nature preserves the seeds for next year’s crop by drying the outer layers of fruits and vegetables that are exposed to the sun and air. We copy nature’s effect by exposing food to warm air, a me thod that removes all the water that would otherwise lead to spoilage. Microorganisms need moisture to grow, so removing the water will stop the microorganisms from growing.Drying is a very ancient form of food preservation. Prehistoric people dried grains, fruits, and nuts in the sun. When fire was discovered, they learned to smoke meat and fish by the fireside. Native Americans dried and chopped meat, then mixed it with fat. The lack of moisture in the meat kept it from spoiling. Modern industrial science has perfected the techniques of drying and applied them to the mass production of a variety of foods, such as powdered eggs and milk, peas, mushrooms, coffee, soups, and salad dressings.Another method of food preservation is curing. Curing is done by adding ingredients, such salt, sugar, spices, or lemon juice. Curing is one of the oldest methods of food preservation and still used in the production of many meats and fish. The ingredients used in curing have unique reactions with the food they’re add ed to. For example, salt slows the growth of microorganisms and removes some of the water from the food. Sugar counteracts the hardening that’s sometimes caused by salt. Lemon or lime juice added to raw fish will preserve the fish for a short time without removing all the moisture. (302 words)Question:Using points and examples from the talk, explain how the two methods of food preservation keep food from spoiling.TASK 6-5Listen to a lecture in a business class.Okay, so innovation is an act of making improvements by introducing something new. This is a very important topic in the study of business because this change could be considered to be a major driver in the economy. It could increase the value or the succession of many innovations that can help the growth of the whole economy.Innovations that are intended to make someone or something better are called “intentional innovations.” One example of intentional innovation is the bifocal glasses. Benjamin Franklin, as we all know, invented these glasses in 1784. As he was getting older, he had difficulty seeing both near and far sights. And for clear vision, he had to switch both glasses and, well, I guess this had really bothered him. That’s why he devised a way to have both types of lenses fit into o ne frame.The farsighted lenses were placed on the top and near-sighted lenses were placed at the bottom. This was innovation, to be exact, an “intentional innovation.”However, innovations can’t always be planned. Well, there are surprising numbers of in ventions that are associated with unintended actions. That is an innovation can happen by accident and is called an “accidental innovation.” Most of you guys enjoy ice-cream sodas and sundaes. You might be surprised why I mentioned ice-cream sodas. Ice-cream sodas are good example of accidental innovation. One day in 1871, Otto Baur was working at a restaurant and a scoop ofice-cream just fell in a glass of flavored soda water. He tasted it, thought it was the most delicious-tasting combination of ice-cream and soda. After that, he began to serve ice-cream in the soda. This was accidental beginning of a new invention, and was the innovation that helped his business and the society. (293 words)Question:Using points and examples from the lecture, explain two different types of innovation.TASK 6-6Now listen to a lecture in a biology class.So, let’s talk about the exotic species and the ecological connections they have to the environment. As the name says, exotic species are the organisms that have been accidentally or intentionally transported to a new location. There are a lot of controversies about exotic species but mostly these species are introduced and damage the ecosystem.Let’s look at the “acacia plants.” They were first planted for certain r easons---for example,ship-building, agricultural purposes, and cabinet work. Acacia plants were popular because of their supply and durability. What I mean is that the acacia plant has been known to reach 40 feet within 10 years and it even shoot up 8 or 10 feet in a single season, so this allowed people not to worry about running out of acacia plants. There was no doubt that the more they cut it down, the faster it grew. But also nobody knew this was bringing death to other species. This quick-growing species got too tall and began to create shade. The other plants gradually got fewer chances to expose themselves to the sun. The others started to die because they were excluded from the sunlight.The other example is the “Western European salt grass.” Salt grass has a root system that grows deeply hen it is watered. That is why it is easily found near the water. The deeper the wetting, the deeper and healthier the roots grow. This brought fast production along the coastline. The roots of salt grasses are crucial because the other plants have to withstand drought stress caused by losing water. This species caused death to the other plants living nearby. As the salt grass absorbed the water, the other had to die because of dehydration. (286 words)Question:The professor describes introduced species. Explain how acacia plants and salt grass affected the environment.TASK 6-7Now listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.Today, we are going to discuss a question about whether an organism is controlled by the biological clock or by other external factors.In order to answer this question, researchers have conducted an experiment with flying squirrels. Flying squirrels will provide us with a good example as to illustrate whether their cycles are controlled by the environmental conditions, I mean, the external factors. Because we all know that flying squirrels normally have 24-hour cycles.Specifically speaking, to discover whether they are affected by the biological clock or external factors, the researchers placed these squirrels in dark surrounding for seven days to see if they still have 24-hour cycles regardless of their environment. Although the squirrels were very active in the dark, it turned out that when they were kept in darkness simulating night for a long duration of time, they only had 23-and –a half-hour cycles, which means that their cycles was 30 minutes faster. Then, these flying squirrels were placed back to their original environment with sunlight. After being kept in the dark for a long time and then seeing the light, the squirrels returned to their original cycle. But if flying squirrels’ cycles maintain to be 24 hours from the beginning to the change of the condition, this experiment can obviously demonstrate this organism is controlled by biological clock instead of external factors. So as a result, we can demonstrates a case in which, an organism is controlled by external factors, not by biological clock. (247 words)Question:Using points and examples from the lecture, explain how flying squirrels are affected by the biological clock.TASK 6-8Now listen to a lecture in an architecture class.So let’s talk about the definition of tools.I’d like to start my lecture with a question, so what is a tool? Many people think a tool is a pieceof equipment that is intended to accomplish a physical task. However this is a somewhat narrower definition of tools. The broad definition of a tool is anything that provides a mechanical advantage. For example, an elephant feels his back is itchy so he looks around to find something to scratch his back. In this case, the elephant doesn’t make a change with the stick, but the stick is used as a tool to scratch his back. In other words, no transformation took place when using the stick as tool.But under the narrower definition of tools, transformation occurs for a specific purpose. Let’s imagine that we have to dig up the ground to make a big hole. Everyone could guess the process would be faster and easier if we made a pointed end. So if we sharpen a stick to make a hole, a stick’s formation has been changed for some specific purpose under the narrow definition.So, all the above are two examples illustrating the narrower definition and the broad definition of tools. (204 words)Question:Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the two definitions of tools presented by the professor.TASK 6-9Listen to a lecture in a business class.Customer service is normally an integral part of a company’s customer value proposition.Businesses have constant contacts with customers and try to know what selling points appeal to their customers. Recent research shows that customers rate time as a top priority and do not enjoy waiting. In response to that, each company tries to reduce the actual service time or let them think their waiting time has been reduced; perceived waiting time is the amount of time people think they have been waiting to get the service. There are two ways to address these problems.The first way to reduce the perceived waiting time is to distract them with other things. For example, hospital’s put TVs in the waiting room while patients wait to see their doctors. Hotels install a mirror in front of the elevator so people could look at themselves or adjust their clothing as they wait.The other way is to tell the actual waiting time to the customers. Customers who have waited only for five minutes mostly think they have waited for 10 minutes or more. So telling them the actual waiting time, in other words, making the actual time be the perceived time, will help out both the customers and the company. That is why you see a boarding board at the train station. The train stations provide the actual arrival and departure times so the passenger feels better. This lets them know they’re not waiting more than they are. (245 words)Question:The professor explained two different ways companies use to decrease perceived waiting time. Explain what these two methods are and how they are used in different situations.TASK 6-10Now listen to a lecture in a biology class.Okay, class, today let’s talk about camouflage.Animals try continuously to evolve themselves through generations. The reason, as we may all know, is clear to survive. Survival is a constant battle in the animal world and I will give you some examples of how sea animals survive with two different types of camouflage.The first method is to adopt a similar pattern to confuse the predator. Cattle fish for example, blend themselves into seaweed when they detect a predator. They make these slow and short movements, shifting back and forth so that they look as if they were seaweed in the ocean water. But in this case the seaweed is essential because if they can’t find some seaweed to hide themselves among, then this strategy is of no use.The other method, the simplest way, is for an animal to be of color similar to its surroundings. This is called “coloration”. “Dragon fish” is a good example of an animal using coloration. Dragon fish have the ability to generate a wide range of colors and patterns. So when a predator is nearby, the dragon fish uses its pigment to blend in with all sorts of surroundings. As you look at the picture, this is really tricky but can you realize that this picture is not a photograph of the ocean ground itself? When you look at it carefully, you can find a dragon fish in this picture. It seems that it is covering itself with sand, but it has just blended itself into the surrounding sand substrate. This shows how hard it is for predators to find their prey when they have used this coloration. (275 words)Question:Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the two different types of camouflage.TASK 6-11Now listen to a lecture in a business class.Database is used in a wide range of situations in the business world. But, in order to get both the understanding and useful data, data mining is important. In case you don’t know what data mining is, it is an analytic process designed to explore data in search of consistent patterns and/or systematic relationships between variables, and then to validate the findings by applying the detected patterns to new subsets of data. There are two main kinds of models in data mining: predictive and descriptive.Predictive models can be used to forecast explicit values, based on patterns determined from known results. For example, a company that uses the predictive model would think about how they could keep their customers and make them “loyal”. This means that they believe they should maintain the relationship with their customers and keep them as permanent customers.Descriptive models describe patterns in existing data, and are generally used to create meaningful subgroups such as demographic clusters. To clarify, a company would conduct a study by givingout something like flashlights to gather surveys from people. If there are some similarities between the subjects of the survey, the company will categorize them into groups. So, the subjects happened to be in their 30s and are men, the company would classify them as men in 30s. (219 words)Question:Now explain the concept of database and the two models that the professor explained.TASK 6-12Now listen to a lecture in a psychology class.Today let’s talk about one of the stage techniques, called “emotional recall.”Achieving a more genuine performance depends on how much an actor did research on the situation created by the script and broke down the text according to the character’s motivations and recall her or his own experience. Memories of past experiences may come without much effort, or they may require a great deal of power to bring out. In this exercises, the actor must recall the situation in which the particular feeling arose until the feelings can be remembered in detail. She or he can then be provoked at will. If emotional memories do not happen naturally, then firstly the actor must recall a moment in his or her life when he or she experienced a feeling equivalent to that which the character is experiencing. This involves the actor’s abil ity to recall an activity or experience from his past, and relive that experience on stage.For example, let’s say that you are Sam who is very happy to bump into your old friend in the play. In reality, you may not feel that happy or that sort of feeling. I mean the happy feeling might not rise inside. But in order to achieve a more genuine performance you will try to recall the emotions from your experience. You will try to remember the day you met your father who came back from a long business trip which took him more than three months. Spontaneously, you will remember how happy you were and the provoked emotion will perform an excellent Sam in the play. (265 words)Question:Using points and examples from the lecture, explain about emotional recall and how this theory is used in a play.TASK 6-13Listen to a lecture in a linguistics class.Language is a very important and essential part of life. It is a way in which people communicate in order to survive. Language learning is very interesting when you observe the ways that the babies learn. For example, when a baby turns 1 year old, he will know all the names of different objectsand the speed of his language acquisition becomes outstanding. However, some errors can occur in the process of language learning.One of the errors is that sometimes a new word that a child learns is used in a wide range but rather inappropriate situations. For example, when a child learns a new word, a horse, he will begin to call every animal with four legs a horse. So, he will misinterpret the word by calling a dog, a cow, a cat and more “horses” just because of one common feature of these animals.Another error is that babies have limited vocabulary use. For instance, when a child learns a new word, such as “doll,” he will only call his own doll a doll, rather than describing others. He would only interpret the word doll as referring to hid own, not others. (195 words)Question:Using points and examples from the lecture, describe how the professor explained two errors made by children learning a language.TASK 6-14Now listen to part of a lecture from a botany class.Okay class, today, we’ll be talking about positive aspects of fungi that live inside a tree or a plant. It is believed the fungi cause a lot of damage to the living plants; for example, they live inside the plants and trees and eat the bottom of the trunks, making the trees hollow inside. This phenomenon seems rather unfavorable; however, there are some benefits coming from this problem.One of the benefits is that the hollow trunk of a tree makes the tree stay firm. Since it is simply inside, the roots of the tree securely hold the tree together and make it solid so that even when a storm strikes, the tree can stay firm in the ground.Another positive effect is that the excrement from the animals that live inside the tree can provide nutrition to the tree. As animals, such as squirrels, leave their waste, the roots absorb the nutrition, causing the tree to be more rigid. (160 words)Question:Using points and examples from the lecture, explain the two benefits of fungi.TASK 6-15Now listen to a lecture in a biology class.Okay, class, last time we talked about animals evolve in their surroundings. Today I’d like to tell you how adaptations have different meanings in different contexts.When you hear a clap of thunder, it makes you lurch at the first time but then you get used to the sound and overtime you finally get to ignore it. So you can quickly adjust to its form, function or behavior. We call this “short-term adaptations” and use the word short because it lasts only as long as the individual wants.But a long-term adaptation is any heritable aspect of form, function or development that contributes to the fit between an individual and its environment. To illustrate, the Galapagos tomatoes are a good example of long-term adaptation. The crop growers in the Galapagos Islands decided to grow tomatoes. But as you all know, the Galapagos Islands are surrounded by the salty sea water and even the soil contains salt so it was a land where species grew poorly. When farmers first planted the Galapagos tomato, the plant wilted severely in less than 30 minutes. But as the hybrid was left in the salty water, the hybrid started to tolerate the irrigation water that is two parts fresh and one part salty. For several years and generations, it took modification and began to bear edible fruits. (222 words)Question:Using points and examples from the lecture, explain adaptation in two different meanings.TASK 6-16Now listen to part of a lecture in a theatre class.Professor: I’d like to talk about a theatrical art form about which all of us have seen but probably know little about. It’s called mime. In mime, a person acts out a story or feelings physicallywit hout using words. You’ve likely seen white-faced mimes doing their silent performances in our public park on the weekend. Actually, to experts, there are two types of mimes- literal and abstract. Let’s get into what differentiates them right now.So, uh, literal mimes are probably the most famous of the two, literal mimes often tell funny stories. When audiences watch these stories, they know exactly what is happening in the plot.For example, in the silent films of Charlie Chaplin, Chaplin himself often used a style of literal mime to act many parts of the film’s plot. Chaplin’s style was to exaggerate literal actions in a humorous way so that the audience could understand what was happening even though no words were spoken.Now, with abstract mime, there is usually no story at all. The idea behind abstract mime is to evoke serious feelings, thoughts, and ideas from the audience. For example, an abstract mime might hide his head under his arms to signify shame or embarrassment. Or, he might pretend to shut a door behind him to symbolize an opportunity lost. Most of the white-faced mimes you seein the public park are abstract mimes. (232 words)Question:The professor talks about two types of mimes. Summarize what he says about these two types of mimes in the lecture.TASK 6-17Now listen to part of a talk in a psychology class.All right everyone, today we’re going to talk about interference theory. Now, uh…it basically states that people have trouble remembering things because memories interfere with each other. Let me clarify it a little.Now, in proactive interference, existing memories make it more difficult to develop new ones… Those of you that play an instrument have probably experienced this; when you’re trying to learn a new song on your guit ar.. what happens? Similar melodies that you’d learned before keep coming to mind. So you start playing the new song, but then drift off into an old melody that you know very well already. So, these old memories keep you from remembering the newer song that you’ve just studied.OK…Retroactive interference refers to new memories interfering with old ones, and it can be equally disruptive. For example, if I asked you to think of your last three addresses, it’s unlikely you’d remember them all. What would happen is… well, you would be able to tell me your current address easily, without any problem, but what about the older ones-the two addresses before now? You might be able to come up with the more recent ones, but you’d probably have a really hard time rec alling the oldest. That’s because each time you get a new address, you sort of throw out the previous one…you just…you think you won’t need it again. (228 words)Question:Using points and examples from the talk, describe two ways that interference theory works.TASK 6-18Now listen to part of a lecture in a biology class.Humans have many survival-related concerns, but being hunted and eaten by a large,sharp-toothed predator isn’t usually one of them. Animals, on the other hand, must constantly stay on guard against bigger, more powerful predators. Evolution has provided them with many methods of self-defense. We will be talking about two of these methods today: camouflage and mimicry.Very generally, camouflage is special coloration or another appearance-related adaptation, which helps the animal survive by matching its surroundings. Animals often camouflage themselves by, sort of, blending into their background. Consider the zebra… Their striking display of black and white may not seem like good prote ction. But, you know what? A zebra’s wavy stripes actually blend in well with wavy lines of tall grass. It doesn’t matter that the colors don’t match, because。
托福TPO6口语Task5加task6题目文本及参考答案
托福TPO6口语Task5加task6题目文本及参考答案TPO托福模考软件相信是大家用的最多的工具了，对于托福成绩的提升是非常有帮助的。
托福口语可以说是整个托福考试当中比较重要的一个部分，如何利用现有资料TPO模考软件来提升大家的托福成绩呢?今天小编在这里整理了托福TPO6口语Task5加task6题目文本及参考答案来分享给大家，希望对大家托福口语备考有帮助。
托福TPO6口语task5题目 Listening Part:Now listen to a conversation between a professor and the student.(man) Hi, Sara, to what do I owe this pleasure of this office visit?(woman) It’s my study group, Professor Wilson. We are not getting much studying done, and, you know, none of us did very well on your last quiz.(man) Hmmm, what’s the problem?(woman) Well, we’ve all become good friends and we joke around a lot instead of studying.(man) Hmmm. Sara, let me ask you this. When do you meet?(woman) Every Friday afternoon.(man) Have you thought about changing to another day? By the time Friday afternoon rolls around, all of you are probably exhausted and all you want to do was relax and unwind. It’s hard to stay focused at the very end of the week.(woman) Good point, although things have gotten so out of hand that I’m not sure changing days would help. And we’d lose one or two people if we change days, Friday afternoon is the only time everyone’s available, but it’s worth considering.(man) OK. But just a second, another possibility is, does your group have a leader?(woman) No?(man) Well, if you h ad a leader that would help enormously. Someone to set an agenda in advance, email it to everyone before the meeting and then make sure when you meet that you stay focus ed on your goals. And since you’ve seemed to be concerned enough about the problem to have come see me, I think that someone might be you.(woman) I guess I can take on that role. But it sounds like work.(man) You don’t have to do it for the whole semeste r, Sara. You can start if off and then, perhaps, someone else can take over.托福TPO6口语task5题目 Question:The professor proposes two solutions to the problem the woman describes. Briefly summarize the problem then state which solution you recommend and explain why.托福TPO6口语task5 答案解析：1. Listening key(1.1) Problem: people joke around instead of studying during study meeting(1.2) Solution 1: change the meeting time(1.2.1) Pro: everyone’s exhausted on the weekend, they can’t concentrate with a week of h ard work wearing them off(1.2.2) Con: lose one or two people(1.3) Solution 2: appoint a team leader, the woman can be it first(1.3.1) Pro: set an agenda before, email it to all members, make sure the discussion stays on topic(1.3.2) Con: too much work托福TPO6口语task5 范文：The woman’s problem is that everyone jokes around andtalks a lot during study meetings instead of studying. She’s got two possible solutions, the first is to change the study meeting from Friday afternoon to some other time. The second solution is to appoint a leader to the group. I think it’d better if she bite the bullet and take on the role of leader. First of all, it is very important for everyone to study during a study meeting or it’s a waste of time. The presence of a leader can keep the discussion on topic. Second, she mentions that Friday night is when everyone is free to meet, so changing the meeting schedule would mess things up for many group members.托福TPO6口语task6题目 Listening Part:Now listen to part of a talk in an Education class.(female professor)One of the hardest parts of teaching is keeping your students’ attention. Now, the key to doing this is understanding the concept of attention. Basically, there are two types of attention. The first type is active, active attentio n is voluntary. It’s when you intentionally make yourself focus on something. And since it requires effort, it’s hard to keep up for long a time. OK, so, um, let’s say you are teaching a Biology class. And today’s topic is frogs. All right? You’re standing in front of the room lecturing: a frog is a type of animal known as an amphibian…, well, this isn’t necessarily going to keep the students’ interest. But most of them will force themselves to pay active attention to your lecture. But it’s only a matter of time before they get distracted.Now, the other type of attention is passive attention, when it’s involuntary. Passive attention requires no effort because it happens naturally. If something is really interesting students don’t have to force themselves to pay attention to it. They do it without even thinking about it. So back to our Biology lecture,you start talking about frogs and then you pull a live frog out of your briefcase. You’re describing it while holding it up. Show the students how long its leg s are, and how they’re used for jumping, for example. Then maybe even let the frog jump around a bit on the desk or the floor. In this case, by doing something unexpected, something more engaging, you can tap into their passive attention. And it can last much longer than active attention. As long as the frog is still there your students will be interested.托福TPO6口语task6题目 Question:Using points and examples from the talk, explain the difference between active and passive attention.托福TPO6口语task6 答案解析：1. Listening key(1.1) Main idea: active and passive attention(1.2) Active attention: forced(1.2.1) Example:(1.2.1.1) A teacher teaches a class by only reading from textbooks(1.2.1.2) Students will get bored, yet they’d still try to focus(1.2.1.3) But they will get distracted soon because this attention is forced(1.3) Passive attention: happens naturally(1.3.1) Example:(1.3.1.1) A teacher teaches with a live frog, let it jump arounda bit(1.3.1.2) Students get interested in what’s happening, their concentration happens naturally(1.3.1.3) As long as the frog is on the table, students will have no problem focusing on the lecture托福TPO6口语task6 范文：The professor talks about two kinds of attention in the lecture. The first type is active attention which is voluntary. For example, if a biology teacher teaches a class by only reading from a textbook, the class can become fairly boring. Most students would force themselves to focus, but sooner or later, the students will be distracted. The second type of attention is passive attention, let’s say instead of reading from a textbook, the teacher pulls a live frog out of his bag, then the lecture becomes really interesting. As long as the frog is on the table, the students will be able to focus on the lecture.。
英专综合教程6册课文翻译及课后答案Answertounit6
IV. Chines e Transl ation of Paragr aphs1. 旅行好比私通：人总受到背叛自己国家的诱惑。
拥有想象力，必定意味着对自己生活的地方不再满意。
男人都有一种离心倾向，我们渴望旅行，恰似那些寻欢的情人。
2. 也只有在旅行之时，我们才赞赏古旧之物。
在国内——至少对美国人而言，所有东西都必须得是新近的。
但是我们走出国门的时候，却只对古老的东西感兴趣，因为我们想看看那些历经时间侵袭而保存下来的遗迹。
3. 我们旅行的时候，会放下戒备和忧虑，渴望回归过去；我们是向后倒退而非向前迈进；我们培养着自己的歇斯底里。
4. 我们旅行的时候会呈现出自己最好的一面，正如我们穿上自己最漂亮的衣服出行一般，只有我们的护照才会提醒我们，实际上自己是多么平淡无奇！我们出国去认识我们那个陌生的自己，那个诞生在飞机上且令人激动的陌生人。
我们去欧洲观赏那些借便利之名已经从我们的文化中废掉或剔除的一切：宗教、皇室、古雅、差异以及激情。
我们深信其他国家的人民比我们更加热情奔放。
5. 我们每个人都在伪装——不然缘何我们会戴上墨镜并在谈吐举止中尽力模仿另一个地方的本土居民呢？在家里，我们才做回自己；出国后，我们则尽力成为自己始终想做的人。
尽管最近大家都在谈论有关根的话题，但我们中的许多人都厌倦了自己的根，而这根本身也可能入土很浅，于是我们四处旅行，寻找无根的感觉。
6. 人变得好奇起来，旅行也就开始了。
教会的影响力、传统的生活方式、缺乏钱财、难得闲暇, 都制约了人们的好奇心。
直到17世纪，在科学发现的促进之下，物质世界的大门才被撬开。
也只有那时，人们才开始旅行，寻求世俗的快慰。
7. 旅行可增长见识，可洞悉本国或异域的文化，可造就现代人的厌倦感。
牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit6语法知识点讲解(有答案)
牛津译林版八年级英语上册Unit6语法知识点讲解【语法一动词不定式用作目的状语】1.动词不定式作目的状语：(1)动词不定式作目的状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示某一动作或状态的目的。
为了使目的意义更加清楚或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加in order或so as,其否定形式为: in order not/so as not+动词不定式。
【例句】①He eats more fruit and vegetable in order to/so as to keep healthy.为了保持健康，他吃更多的水果和蔬菜。
②I wrote it down in order not to forget. 为了不忘记，我把它写下来了。
(2)由in order to引导的目的状语，既可以置于句中，也可以置于句首; 而由so as to引导的目的状语，只能置于句中，而不能置于句首。
【例句】为了及时赶到那里，他们很与早就出发了。
①They started early in order to/so as to get there in time.②In order to get there in time, they started early.2.动词不定式的复合结构作目的状语当动词不定式有自己的执行者时，要用动词不定式的复合结构(即在动词不定式之前加“for+名词/宾格代词”)作状语。
【例句】He opened the door for the children to come in. 他打开门让孩子们进来。
She bought several cakes for Harry to eat. 她给哈里买了几个蛋糕来吃。
3.目的状语从句与动词不定式的转换在英语中，目的状语从句还可以转换为动词不定式作状语，从而使句子在结构上得以简化。
可分为两种情况:(1)当目的状语从句中的主语与主句中的主语相同时，可以直接简化为动词不定式作状语。
Test 6详解答案
Test Six第I卷Ⅰ.Listening ComprehensionSection A:1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.ASection B:11.D 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.D 16.CSection C:17.animal/rabbit 18.writing 19.adults s 21.missed the labs 22.copy her notes 23.explain 24.helpfulⅡ.Grammar and VocabularySection A:25.A 本题考查条件状语从句。
as long as 表示“只要”，用在句中符合题意。
26.D 本题考查条件状语从句引导词unless的用法。
unless = if...not, 即“如果不……”。
27.B 本题考查同位语从句。
关系代词that指代前面的question，而that后面起解释说明作用。
28.A 本题考查让步状语从句。
as引导的让步状语从句，要用倒装，形容词放在最前面。
wherever做go的地点状语。
29.D 本题考查as引导的时间状语从句。
as the day went on“随着时间的推移”为固定搭配。
30.B 本题考查地点状语从句。
where引导的从句修饰前面的school building。
31.C 本题考查比较级。
cheaper“更便宜”，as good as 意为“和……一样好”。
32.B 本题考查过去完成时的倒装。
no sooner开头谓语动词要前置。
其句式：no sooner+had+主语+been done，意为“一……就……”。
33.C 本题考查宾语从句。
that从句作make sure的宾语。
34.A 本题考查条件状语从句在主句为疑问句中的用法。
if表示如果，强调主语后面的sit，用一般现在时。
35.D 本题考查动词词组。
remain to be seen“有待检验”。
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Unit 1Task 6 Read and translate1. I went to college in 2000, when I was 18.The university was founded in 1949 when the whole country was liberated.2. Nokia, now commonly known as the largest corporation in the field of mobile communications in the world, was established in 1865. Google, known as “谷歌” in China, is the most popular search engine in the world.3. In 2008, Fortune magazine ranked Wal-Mart as the largest corporation in the world.In 2008, Fortune magazine ranked the City Bank as the eighth largest corporation in the world.4. With a workforce of more than 300,000 employees all over the world, our company is the largest multinational corporation in this area.With its four departments, the company works efficiently.5. The committee, which is a professional one, consists of five experts and eight employees.The United Nations, which was founded in 1945 after the Second World War, is an international organization.6. The objectives of the company of this year are to open a new market and increase its sales.His present objective is to master a skillful technique.Unit1 语法练习答案1. The manager said that he would invite some important customers to the party.2. Wang Wei told me yesterday that he was leaving for Shanghai for a trade fair on Friday.3. The manager told Mary that she was going to finish the task in a week.4. I didn’t know if he would apply for this position.5. She said she was going straight home after work.Unit 2Task 6 Read and translate1. By internet marketing, we mean you can use the World Wild Web for sales and promation.By customer satisfaction surveys, we mean studies to find out if buyers are satisfied with what they have bought.2. You can try using a different methord to do this task.We can try cutting down our cost of production byreducing our staff.3. You can plan a product release conference, where people can get more detailed information about the products.You can take part in various trade fairs where you may meet some potential business partners.4. Another effetive approach to marketing is to create a brand image ofyour products.Another effective approach to retaining your existing customers is to make them happy.5. On the other hand, you need to make a marketing plan so that your marketing will be more effective.On the other hand, you must guarantee your product quality so that your customers will be satisfied with your products and buy more.6. By advertising, you can attract more people to buy your products.By understanding customers’ needs, you can improve your prod ucts and services.Unit 2 语法练习答案1.By the end of last year, this company had opened more than 30 branches.2.She said they had signed the contract.3.I had just arrived at the company when it started to rain.4.He had hoped that he could be a marketing manager in the company.5.When I got this message(news), the goods had already been sold out.Unit 3Task 6 Read and translate1.When developing new products, marketers have to identify customers’ needs.When doing a market research, you have to collect information about cust omers’ tastes and habits.2. Consider buying this one if you want to save money.Consider giving it up if it would do harm to your eyes.3. Buy this bike with an umbrella on it to satisfy your need to go out without being exposed to the sun.Buy a mobile phone with the function of mp3 to satisfy your need to enjoy music without carrying such a big radio every day.4. No matter what terrible situation you are in, one import thing you must keep in mind is to keep your confidence.No matter what kind of job you are looking for, one important thing you must keep in mind is to maintain or impove your own image.5. Without optional colors and shapes, the products will lack competition.Without too much discount, your service will appear expensive.Unit 3 语法练习答案1.I will have worked in the factory for 20 years by the year 2015.2.We worked together for a year. He won’t have forgotten me.3.Our new product will have been launched by the end of this month.4.They will have received our application letter by now.5.If you come at seven o’clock, the interview will have not endedyet.Unit 4Task 6 Read and translate1.When making a career plan, the key is to be clear about what you can do.When looking for a job, the key is to be clear about your interests.2.If you want to find a good job, you should collect as much relavent information as possible.If you are a businessman, you should find as many partners as possible.3.It does not necessarily mean you will win.Money doesn’t necessarily bring happiness.4.As the saying goes, it’s not the winning or losing but participating that matters.As the old saying goes, live and learn.5.As everybody knows, he is an expert in computer software.As the proverb says, “time is money”.6.I hope this can help ensure that the quality of the product can meet our demand.These measures can help ensure that the requirements are met.Unit 4 语法练习答案1. BlueSky Company has been producing TV sets for 50 years.2. We have been waiting for your offer all day.3. I have been working here for five years.4. I have been doing business since 2006 in Guangzhou.5. The meeting has been dragging on for five hours.Unit 5Task 6 Read and translate1. Negotiation skills vary from person to person.Outcomes vary from negotiation to negotiation.2. Whatever happens, we have to carry out our investment plan immediately.Whatever difficulties we may meet with, the market survey is to be carried out as planned.3. During negotiation, American negotiators were impatient while Japanese negotiators were at ease.Some company launch advertisements to attract more customers while others give out free samples.4. The negotiation between the U.S. and China did not come to an end until 9 o’clock in the evening.Mary did not realize the importance of making proper concession innegotiation until this negotiation failed.5. A successful negotiator does not only accomplish the negotiating plan successfully, but also develops long-term relationship with the other party.I love working with my colleagues not only because they teach me a lot at work, but because they are good friends in life.6. Having positive emotion is regarded as the key to carrying out a negotiation smoothly.Lowering cost is regarded as one of the effective strategies for companies to achieve success in the fierce competition.Unit 5 语法练习答案1. Patients are taken good care of by nurses in the hospital.2. He was invited to give a lecture on negotiation skills last year. tomorrow.3. The sports meeting will be postponed if it rains.4. The books should be returned to the library before the deadline.5. The windows must be kept open so that there is fresh air in the classroom.。