高考完型填空题材突破与训练

完形填空题材突破与训练一、记叙文（一）命题探究完形填空考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对词汇知识的掌握情况。

要求考生通读全文，掌握文章大意，运用词汇、语法等知识，选择最佳答案，使文章意思畅通，结构完整。

记叙型完形填空是高考和备考的重点。

研读记叙型完形填空，可看出以下趋势：1、首句完整，线索清楚。

一般作者在第一句就交代了人物的姓名、身份、业绩或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再介绍时间的发生、发展，最后得出结果。

2、叙述灵活，侧重语境。

文章以叙述为主，人物间对话较少，绝大部分篇章是作者在描述事件，较少加入作者的观点或评论。

因此，常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换，或语气的差异。

这增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，从而突出了对语境的依赖，实现了在理解上下文的基础上，通过语境，辨析词语，作出选择。

3、实词为主，虚词为辅。

高考记叙型完形填空，篇章不长，一般在200-260个词左右，始终紧扣话题中心，形成一个主题连续体。

选项一般为同一词类或同一范畴。

重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或副词等实词上，介词、连词、冠词等虚词的考查相对较少。

实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力这一思路。

（二）技巧点拨1、重视首句，开篇明义。

从历年的试题可以看出，完形填空首句一般不设题。

这为我们理解文章的内在联系提供了一个“窗口”，它的句意往往为全文提供中心信息。

所以应充分重视首句的指示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，据此拓展思维，争取开局胜利。

2、利用语境，猜摩心态。

高考完形填空题逐渐屏弃语法分析，朝着深层化和语境化的方面挖掘，因此考生只有借助上下文乃至全文语境启示或限定，猜摩作者的心情，以及他对各个角色、各个事件的态度。

在答题过程中，除了对关联用语的把握外，还要把握语气、动作等描写。

3、理清线索，把握方向。

4、记叙文一般按事件发展顺序叙述，有时用倒叙。

答题时，通过理清人物间的关系，把握人物各自所做的事情，从而把握细节，找准作者的记叙方向，正确理解文章。

（三）巩固练习1、05全国卷One afternoon I was sitting at my favorite table in a restaurant , waiting for the food I had ordered to arrive . Suddenly 1 that a man sitting at a table near the window kept glancing in my direction , 2 he knew me . The man had a newspaper 3 in front of him , which he was 4 to read , but I could 5 that he was keeping an eye on me . when the waiter brought my 6 the man was clearly puzzled by the 7 way in which the waiter and I 8 each other .He seemed even more puzzled as 9 went on and it became 10 that all the waiters in the restaurant knew me . Finally he got up and went into the 11 When he came out ,he paid his bill and 12 without another glance in my direction .I called the owner of the restaurant and asked what the man had 13 . “Well,” he said , “that man was a detective . He14 you here because he though you were the man he 15 .” “What ?” I said , showing my16. The owner con tinued , “He came into the kitchen and showed me a photo of the wanted man. I 17 say he looked very much like you!Of course ,since we know you ,we told him that he had made a 18 .” “Well , it’s really 19 I came to a restaurant where I’m known ,” I said . “ 20 , I might have been in trouble .”1．A.knew B.understood Cnoticed D．recognized2．A.since B.even if C.though D．as if3．A.flat B.open C.cut D．fixed4．A.hoping B.thinking C.pretending D．continuing5．A.see B.find C.guess D．learn6．A.menu B.bill C.paper D．food7．A.direct B.familiar C.strange D．funny8．A.chatted with B.looked at ughed at D．talked about9．A.the waiter B.time C.I D．the dinner10．A.true B.hopeful C.clear D．possible11．A.restaurant B.washroom C.office D．kitchen12．A．left B.acted C.sat down D．calmed down13．A.wanted B.tried C.ordered D．wished14．A.met B.caught C.followed D．discovered15．A.was to beat B.was dealing withC．was to meet D.was looking for16．A．care B．surprise C．worry D．regret17．A．must B．can C．need D．may18．A．discovery B．mistake C．decision D．fortune19．A．a pity B．natural C．a chance D．lucky20．A．Thus B．However C．Otherwise D．Thereforekey: 1-5CDBCA 6-10DBABC 11-15DAACD 16-20BABDC2、04重庆卷A little boy invited his mother to attend his school’s first teacher-parent parent meeting. To the little boy’s 1 ,she said she would go. This 2 be the first time that his classmates and teacher 3 his mother and he felt 4 of her appearance. Although she was a beautiful woman, there was a severe scar(疤痕)that 5 nearly the entire right side of her face. The boy never wanted to 6 why or how she got the scar.At the meeting, the people were 7 by the kindness and natural beauty of his mother 8__the car, but the little boy was still embarrassed and 9 himself from everyone. He did, however, get within 10 of a conversation between his mother and his teacher.The teacher asked 11 ,“How did you get the scar on your face?”The mother replied,“12 my son was a baby, he was in a room that caught fire. Everyone was13 afraid to go in because the fire was 14 ，so I went in. As I was running toward his bed, I sawa loing piece of wood coming down and I placed myself over him trying to protect him. I was knocked 15 but fortunately, a fireman came in and saved both of us.” She 16 the burned side of her face. “Th is scar will be17 ,but to this day, I have never 18 what I did.”At this point, the little boy came out running toward his mother with tears in his eyes. He held her in his arms and felt a great 19 of the sacrifice that his mother had made for him. He held her hand 20 for the rest of the day.1.A.enjoyment B. disappointment C. surprise D. excitement2.A. would B. could C. should D. must3.A.noticed B. greeted C. accepted D. met4.A. sick B. ashamed C. afraid D. tired5. A. included B. passed C. covered D. shaded6. A. talk about B. think about C. care about D. hear about7. A. impressed B. surprised C. excited D. comforted8. A. in sight of B. by means of C. by way of D. in spite of9. A. hid B. protected C. separated D. escaped10. A. understanding B. reminding C. hearing D. learning11. A. carefully B. seriously C. nervously D. anxiously12. A. As B. When C. Since D. While13. A. so B. much C. quite D. too14. A. out of control B. under control C. in control D.over control15. A. helpless B. hopeless C. senseless D. useless16. A. pointed B. showed C. wiped D. touched17. A. ugly B. lasting C. serious D. frightening18. A. forgot B. recognized C. considered D. regretted19. A. honor B. sense C. happiness D. pride20. A. quietly B. slightly C. tightly D. suddenlyKey: 1-5BADBC 6-10AADAC 11-15BBDAC 16-20DBDBC3、04全国卷It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked at the list of topics , "The Art of Eating Spaghetti (意大利面条) " caught my eye. The word "spaghetti" brought back the__1 of an evening at Uncle Alien' s in Belleville 2 all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat 3 spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was an exotic (外来的) treat in 4 days. Never had I eaten spaghetti, and 5 of the grown-ups had enough experience to be 6 it. What laughing 7 we had about the 8 respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth. 9 , I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to 10 it down simply for my own 11 , not for Mr. Fleagle, my composition teacher. 12 , I would write something else.When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no 13 left to write a proper com-position for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to 14 my work. Two days pas-sed before Mr. Fleagle returned the 15 papers. He said, "Now, class, I want to read you a composition, “The Art of Eating Spaghetti'. "My words! He was reading my words out 16 to the whole class. 17 laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show 18 , but what I was feeling was pure happiness, 19 my words had the power to make people 20 .1. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience2. A. when B. where C. since D. after3. A. cooked B. served C. got D. made4. A. their B. past C. last D. those5. A. none B. one C. earns D. neither6. A. careful about B. good at C. fond of D. interested in7. A. speeches B. lessons C. sayings D. arguments8. A. nearly B. naturally C. officially D, socially9. A. Especially B. Probably C. Suddenly D. Fortunately10. A. settle B. put C. Bite D. let11. A. work B. story C. luck D. joy12. A. However B. Therefore C. As for him D. Except for that13. A. time B. excuse C. way D. idea14. A. give up B. continue C. hand in D. delay15. A. written B. graded C. collected D. calmly16. A. laid B. fast C. publicly D. calmly17. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I18. A. shock B. wonder C. worry D. pleasure19. A. if B. for C. while D. although20. A. excited B. satisfied C. think D. laughkey: 1-5AABDA 6-10BDDCB 11-15DCACB 16-20ACDBD二、说明文（一）命题探究说明型完型填空选材难度一般低于试卷中的阅读理解大题。