基于plc的三层电梯控制系统设计

摘要

电梯是高层建筑不可缺少的运输工具，用于垂直运送乘客和货物，传统的电梯控制系统主要采用继电器--接触器进行控制，其缺点是触点多，故障率高、可靠性差、维修工作量大等，而采用PLC组成的控制系统可以很好地解决上述问题。本论文通过讨论电梯控制系统的组成，阐述可编程控制器（用三菱PLC编程的程序控制方式，提出了三层电梯的程、组成，列出了具体的主要硬件电路、电梯的控制梯形图及指令表。并给出了系统组成框图和程序流程图，在分析、处理随机信号逻辑关系的基础上，提出了计了一套完整的电梯控制系统方案。触点多，故障率高、可靠性差、安装调试周期长、维修工作量大、接线复杂等缺点。使电梯运行更加安全、方便、舒适。在PLC课程设计中，我组设计了一个三层电梯控制系统，并且将西门子公司S7-200系列可编程控制器与其结合并应用起来，在学完《电气控制与PLC应用》课程后，我们在设计过程中较为得心应手，不至于从头开始。整个过程包括了方案讨论，程序设计，程序修改，上机调试等，在程序设计方面花了比较多的时间，主要考虑到电梯分别停在一层、二层和三层时在其他楼层呼叫等各种情况。每当遇到困难时，我组都积极与老师联系讨论，深入分析研究问题，在整个过程中，我与我的组员都相互配合，相互学习。

关键字：PLC；电梯；升降；梯形图；系统组成框图

In this paper

The elevator is an indispensable means of transport for the high-rise building, used for vertical transporting passengers and cargo, the traditional elevator control system mainly adopts relay - contactor to control, its shortcomings is the number of contact, such as high failure rate and poor reliability, maintenance workload is big, and composed of PLC control system is a good way to solve the above problems. Through discussing the composition of the elevator control system, this paper expounds the programmable controller (with mitsubishi PLC programming way of process control, puts forward the three layers of elevator ride, and lists the specific of the main hardware circuit, elevator control ladder diagram and instruction list. And the system composition block diagram and program flow chart is given, based on the analysis, processing, on the basis of random signal logic relation, put forward the plan for a complete set of the elevator control system scheme. Contact, high failure rate, poor reliability, installation and debugging cycle is long, maintenance workload, such as complex wiring faults. Make the elevator running more safe, convenient and comfortable. In the PLC course design, I have come up with a three layers of elevator group control system, and the Siemens S7-200 series programmable controller and its application and combining, after completing the curriculum, electrical control and PLC application we in the design process is relatively with ease, not from the beginning. The whole process including the solution discussion, program design, program changes, computer debugging, etc., spent more time on program design, main consideration to the elevator stop on the first floor, respectively the second and third floors in other situations such as floor call. Whenever encounter difficulties, I actively

contact the teacher group discussion, in-depth analysis the research question, in the whole process, I and my team members cooperate with each other, learn from each other.

Key words: PLC; The elevator; Rise and fall; Ladder diagram; System composition block diagram.

Key words: PLC; The elevator; Rise and fall; Ladder diagram; System composition block diagram