College English Model Test One 四级模拟题及答案
大学英语四级考试模拟试题(附答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题（附答案）一、写作Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Learning a Second Language". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageSecondly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals often exhibit better problemsolving skills, greater creativity, and a more flexible mindset. Moreover, mastering a second language can open up numerous career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, being proficient in multiple languages is a valuable asset.In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are multifaceted, ranging from personal growth to career advancement and cultural preservation. It is a lifelong investment that yields significant rewards.二、听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The woman doesn't want to cook dinner.B) The man will cook dinner for the woman.C) They are going to eat out.D) They are discussing the menu for tomorrow.【答案】C)Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One2. A) It is a way to express individuality.B) It is a sign of social status.C) It reflects cultural background.D) It is a form of artistic expression.【答案】A)三、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage【答案】26. D) substantial27. A) outweigh28. C) enhance四、翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on the Answer Sheet.中国传统文化中，龙是吉祥的象征，代表着权力、威严和好运。
model test one 大学英语新四级模拟题.doc
Model Test OnePart III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation^ one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)f B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A)At the office.B)In the waiting room.C)At the airport.D)In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o9cl ock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, A) “At the office" is the correct answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer fA} [B] [C] [D]11.[A] She loves walking to work.[B]She has to save money for her journey.[C]She doesn't like the company she worked with.[D]It took her too much time to go to work.12.[A] Edward will certainly be here on time.[B]Nobody will be here on time.[C]He is not sure whether Edward will be here on time.[D]Maybe Edward will be here on time.13.[A] She was using the wrong paint.[B]She has run out of paintbrushes.[C]She doesn't feel like going to class.[D]She has dropped out of art and is now in drama.14.[A] The woman should lose 10 pounds.[B]The woman should gain 5 pounds.[C]The woman should not worry.[D]The woman should buy some new clothes.15.[A] Forty yuan. [B] Thirty yuan.[C] Thirty-five yuan. [D] Forty-five yuan.16.[A] He'll definitely go.[B]He'll probably not to go since he is busy.[C]He'll not regret missing a chance like that.[D]He'll probably not to go since he is not interested.17.[A] At the man's house. [B] In a restaurant.[C] In a grocer's. [D] In a hotel.18.[A] The man could not wait to see Susan.[B]Susan is eager to pass the information she knows.[C]Susan talks to people only on the phone.[D]The man always knows the latest news in town.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.[A] That the library opens at 8:00.[B]That no one else has read the articles.[C]That none of the material he needs is available.[D]That reserve materials can be taken out of the library.20.[A] He is not cooperative.[B]He will be in his office all afternoon.[C]He has not read any of the articles himself.[D]He already brought in extra copies of the articles.21.[A] Return early the next day.[B]Photocopy the articles he needs.[C]Ask professor Grand for a copy of the articles.[D]Wait until the girl has finished with her articles.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.[A] The election for senator. [B] The election for treasurer.[C] The election for secretary. [D] The election for president.23.[A] They are competing against each other in an election.[B]The man is writing the woman's speech.[C]The man is interviewing the woman.[D]The woman is planning the man's campaign.[B] Write a speech.Study chemistry. 24. [A] Make posters. [C] Answer questions.25. [A] Compare their lectures. [B] Review the man's talk.[C] Prepare questions to ask candidates. [D] Vote in the school election.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question^ you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA),B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
四级真题Model Test 1(四级)
Model Test 1Part I Writing（30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then explain whether to choose a good university or a good major when it comes to listing university preferences. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part II Listening Comprehension（25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
英语四级真题 Model Test One
英语四级真题 Model Test One○20应西1班○20应西2班○20应西3班○20应日1班○20应日2班○20应日3班○20应法1班○20应法2班请填写九位完整学号 [填空题] *1.（） [单选题] *A) Going shopping.B) Walking to school.(正确答案)C) Returning home.D) Playing alone.2.（） [单选题] *A) She pretended to be Amy's mother.(正确答案)B) She yelled at the passers-by for help.C) She called the police immediately.D) She dragged Amy down the street.3.（） [单选题] *A) Nearly one-fifth of them.(正确答案)B) Nearly two-thirds of them.C) Nearly half of them.D) Nearly all of them.4.（） [单选题] *A) Tourism.B) Pollution.C) Climate change.D) Logging and tree loss.(正确答案)5.（） [单选题] *A) Toughen rules on hateful comments.(正确答案)B) Compel all websites to filter racist content.C) Pass a new law on intellectual property.D) Weed out hate speech in public places.6.（） [单选题] *A) The author.B) The editor.C) The director.(正确答案)D) The shareholder.7.（） [单选题] *A) They live in space.B) They must obey the laws of France.(正确答案)C) They are responsible for racist.D) They should enjoy free speech.8.（） [单选题] *A) It's written by one of his professors.B) It's required reading for his class.(正确答案)C) It's recommended by his classmates.D) It's to be used for the next semester.9.（） [单选题] *A) He is a liberal arts student pursuing further study.B) He is a liberal arts student taking a science course.C) He is an undergraduate interested in science.D) He is an undergraduate taking a graduate course.(正确答案)10.（） [单选题] *A) Some information is misspelled.(正确答案)B) A new shipment is delayed.C) Some books are missing.D) They are all reserved.11.（） [单选题] *A) She will contact the publisher to order new books.B) She will check order information in the computer.C) She will search for the professor's classes in the database.(正确答案)D) She will ask other colleagues for some suggestions.12.（） [单选题] *A) Being amusing.(正确答案)B) Staying focused.C) Being prepared.D) Being enlightening.13.（） [单选题] *A) To use proper body language.B) To read your talk aloud.C) To speak without a script.(正确答案)D) To tell a few funny stories.14.（） [单选题] *A) Only if it is about dream.B) Only if it is true.C) Only if it is an extreme case.D) Only if it is fascinating.(正确答案)15.（） [单选题] *A) He is good at playing jokes on the audience.B) He tends to teach you something you don’t know.(正确答案)C) He likes to polish his speech with others experience.D) He attaches great importance to the audience's response.16.（） [单选题] *A) The temperature.B) The humidity.C) The air density.(正确答案)D) The air pressure.17.（） [单选题] *A) Reducing the plane's weight.(正确答案)B) Adding more fuel.C) Lengthening the runway.D) Installing cooling equipment.18.（） [单选题] *A) The force that pushes airplanes upward.B) The influence of temperature on aircraft industry.C) The risks that come with flying in hot temperatures.D) The reason why some planes cannot fly in hot weather.(正确答案)19.（） [单选题] *He is a scientist.(正确答案)He is a sleep expert.He is a nutritionist.D) He is a doctor.20.（） [单选题] *A) Burning the midnight oil before the exam.(正确答案)B) Cramming all of their studying into one day.C) Reviewing their lessons bit by bit.D) Reading their lecture notes only.21.（） [单选题] *A) It can enhance short-term memory.C) It will cause permanent drops in IQ.B) It is not that efficient as people think.(正确答案)D) It should be banned on campuses.22.（） [单选题] *Among a group of fossils.(正确答案)In an ocean.In a lake.Among a pile of rocks.23. （） [单选题] *A) They are the respiratory organs of the worm.B) They work together to move forward.C) They work together to capture food.(正确答案)D) They are the organs to identify the direction.24. （） [单选题] *A) They are larger than the ancient ones.B) They have more spines than the ancient ones.C) They have teeth rather than spines.(正确答案)D) They are like shrimps in shape.25. （） [单选题] *A) Helping scientists conduct further research on various sea worms.B) Helping scientists better understand the life from that ancient period.(正确答案)C) Helping scientists make a detailed drawing of the ancient worm.D) Helping scientists better study the sea worms of today.。
四级模拟题 Model Test1(教案)
Model Test OnePart ⅠWriting（30 minutes）注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: On College Degree. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 现在拥有大学文凭不一定能找份好工作。
2. 分析其中的原因。
3. 如何面对这一深刻的变化。
【参考范文】On College Degree(开头开宗明义，没有许多题外话。
这点很重要，因为有的同学写作文开头会写很多，而真正重要的分析问题往往因时间不够会草草了事。
)Many years ago, graduates could find satisfactory jobs after their graduation. However, now things are totally different. New graduates usually are under great pressure in finding jobs. They always say that graduation means unemployment.(中间分析问题要有条理，连接词不一定要用“first”、“second”,本文的连接词“to begin with”、“in addition”同学也可以借鉴。
)This kind of pressure that new graduates have to endure is mainly caused by these reasons as follows. To begin with, most of college students are the “only—child”, who are more mentally dependent. Once they begin to find jobs by themselves after graduation, they really don’t know what to do. If their firs t try fails, they will think that it is reallydifficult to find jobs. In addition, some university students are not qualified for desirable jobs. Owing to spending too much time on computer games or others unimportant things, their study is neglected. As a result,they haven’t gained the knowledge those desirable positions require after four years of university life.(解决问题部分最好用到上文分析的结果，再根据分析的结果提出解决问题的方法。
【最新】四级模拟试题ModelTest1
【最新】四级模拟试题ModelTest1Model Test 1Part I Writing (30 minu tes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Smoking Be Banned in P ublic P lace 令 You should write at least 120words followi ng the outli ne give n below.1.2.3. Should Smoking Be Banned in P ublic PlacesPart II Reading Comp rehensive (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minu tes)Low-carbon Future: We Can Afford to Go GreenTackling climate change will cost consumers the earth. Those who campaign for a green revoluti on are out to destroy our wester n lifestyles. Such are the cries of opponents of emissi ons cuts, and their message has p olitical imp act: a nu mber of surveys have found that the en thusiasm of voters for p olicies to reduce climate cha nge falls off as the price tag in creases. However, a new modeling(模型化)exercise suggests that these fears are largely unfounded. It p rojects that radical cuts to the UK ' emissi ons will cause barely no ticeable in creases in the price of food, drink and most other goods by 2050. Electricity and petrol costs will rise significantly, but with the right policies in place, say the modellers, this need not lead to big cha nge in our lifestyle.These results show that the global project to fight climate change is feasible, ” says Alex Bowe n, aclimate p olicy expert at the London School of Economics. It 'not such a big ask as people are making out. ”Although it is impo ssible to p recisely p redict p rices four decrease from now, the exercise is one of the most detailed exam in ati ons yet of the impact of climate cha nge p olicies on UK con sumers. It p rovides a useful rough guide to our econo mic future.Though its results speak directly to the UK consumers, previous research has come to similar con clusions for the US. In June, one study found that if the US were to cut emissi ons by 50 per cent by 2050, p rices of most con sumer goods would in crease by less tha n 5 per cent. The findings are also consistent with analyses by the Pew Center on Global Climate change in Washington DC. Even cutting emissions by 80 per cent over four decades has a very small effect on consumers in most areas,” says Manik Roy of the Pew Center. The challenge is now to convince consumers and policy-Makers that this is the case. ”The Intergovernmental panel on Climate Change recommends that wealthy nations cut their emissi ons tobetwee n 80 and 95 per cent below 1990 levels by 2050 in order to avoid theworst effects of climate cha nge. The UK gover nment aims to reduce its con tributi on by 80 per cent and leaders of the other G8 nations have discussed following suit. To meet this goal, in dustries will have to slash fossil fuel consump ti on, and low-carb on po wer sources will have to massively expand. Companies will近年来越来越多的公共场所禁烟这项举措在受到拥护的同时也引发了争议你的看法have to pay increasingly higher prices for the right to emit gree nhouse gases.How will this affect the average citize n's wallet? To measure the impact of the 80 per cent target on the UK popu lati on, New Scientist app roached Cambridge Econo metrics, a firm knownfor its modeli ng of the European economy. The firm used historic econo mic data to p redict the imp act of emissi ons reduct ions on p rices in over 40 categories of goods and services. It comp ared the imp act of the 80 per cent cut with a baseli ne sce nario in which the gover nment takes no action other than the limited emissions restrictions already in place as a result ofbaseli ne. In today's p rices, that would add around ￡ 5onto typical monthly household electricity bills. It will also result in higher prices elsewhere, as every in dustrial sector uses electricity.But electricity and other forms of en ergy make up only a small part of the price of most goods. Other factors - raw materials, labour and taxes - are far more imp orta nt. The en ergy that goes into p roduci ng food, alcoholic drinks and tobacco, for exa mple, makes up just 2 per cent of the con sumer p rice. For motor vehicle pu rchases and hotel stays, the figure is 1 per cent. Only for en ergy-i nten sive in dustries does the con tributi on climb above 3 per cent.As a result, most p roducts cost just a few per cent more by 2050. At curre nt p rices, going low-carb on is forecast to add around 5 pence to the price of a slice of bread or a pint of beer. The p rice of household app lia nces such as wash ing mach ines rises by a few poun ds.There is one major exce pti on to the p atter n. Airli nes do not curre ntly have a low-carb on alter native to jet fuel. Uni ess one is found, they will bear the full burde n of carb on pricing, and average fares will rise by at least 140 per cent - raisi ng the cost of a typi cal London to New York return trip from around￡ 350 to ￡ 840.Achieving the overall picture of low prices does require government action. The model forecasts that by 2050 natural gas and petrol will cost 160 per cent and 32 per cent more resp ectively. To avoid large p rice rises in home heati ng and road transport while still hitti ng the 80 per cent target, the Cambridge researchers had to build two major p olicies into their an alysis. They assumed that future governments will provide grants to help switch all domestic heating and cook ing to electricity, and in vest in the basic facilities n eeded for electric cars to almost comp letely rep lace p etroleum-fuelled vehicles.Both p olicies have bee n discussed in recent UK gover nment strategy docume nts, though the detail of how they would be impi eme nted still n eeds further discussi on. Firm p olicies must follow if ambitious emissions cuts are going to be made, says Chris Thoung of Cambridge Econo metrics.So is tackli ng climate cha nge going to be easier tha n exp ected, in terms of con sumer costs? While the Cambridge Econo metrics model is widely resp ected and regularly used by the UK government's climate change advisers, any attempt to forecast four decades ahead can be diverted by un foresee n even ts. That leads some econo mists to questi on the model's results.8.For exa mple, companies could move to coun tries with less strict carb on regulati ons, points outRichard Tol of the Econo mic and Social Research In stitute in Dubli n, I rela nd. In comes in the UK would fall, making goods relatively more expensive. Tol also questions whether it is reas on able to use historical p rices as a basis for p roject ing bey ond 2020.Desp ite this, the Cambridge Econo metrics results, together with other recent studies, do p rovide auseful guide for gover nmen ts, says Michael Grubb of the Uni versity of Cambridge. They suggest that the overall challe nge is conq uerable, eve n if many of the details will on ly become clear in years to come. 1.Econo mic recessi on is widely sp read Wester nlifestyles are destroyed The cost of a gree n revoluti on rises The environment is improvedAccording to the modellers, emission cuts won ’ c hange thelifestyle, provided that A)B) C)D)The stude nts released in UK and US show that _________ . Cutt ing emissi ons won't affect the price of daily goods much Therices from A)B)C)D)What 'the major cause of the higher price according to the passage?A)B)C)D) Why are the air fares p redicted to rise dramatically?A)B)C)D)The two major p olicies built by the Cambridge researchers in clude Why does the en thusiasm of the p olicy-makers to less on climate decrease?A)B)C)D)2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. the p rice of food and drink rema in stable approp riate p olicies are carries out electricity and petrol costs don ' tse the p ublic has a strong faith in itA)B) C) D)Compu ter an alysis P ast econo mic data Current categories of goods A baseli nesituati on Higher taxes on carb on emissi on Chan ges of the lifestyle The rising livi ng sta ndards Rising en ergy costs More and more people will take the plane No clea n en ergy can replace the jet fuel Many airli nes colla pse due to carb on pricing The cost of an airli ne in creases for finding new en ergyA)B)C)D)Some econo mists doubt the model s results because the p redict ion may be diverted byimposing higher taxes for p etroleum-fuelled vehicles Stabilization of the price of daily goods and service The electrificati on of19.9. Richard Tol points out that goods in UK may become more expen sive as companies could find other locati ons with . 10. The Cambridge Econo metrics results p rovide a useful guide for p olicy-makers, with a suggestio n that the gover nment can ___________________________________ t he challe nge. Part III Listening Comp rehension Section A 11. (35 mi nu tes)12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.A) the p hysics class is very difficultB) the p hysics class is not give n his term C) the p hysics class is easier tha n people think D) The p hysics class should be can celled if po ssibleA) he was satisfied with his military service B) it was the first time he had bee n abroadC) he had n ever bee n on a warsh ip D) he had bee n on the warsh ip before A) put ice on her footB) see a doctor at once C) give her foot a good rest D) take the doctor 'advice A) they broke dow n and could go no further B) they have n 'achieved muchC) they have p roduced a gen eral agreeme nt D) they haven 'started yetA) the woma n is out of sha pe B) the woman doesn 'need a new racketC) the woma n also n eeds new tennis shoes D) The woma n spent too much on her tennis shoesA) he should make an apo logy to Mary B) he may talk to Mary directly C) he should excuse Mary 'behaviorD) he should n 't always p ull a long face A) she did n'tiike the styleB) the coat didn 'fit her C) she could n 'afford it D) the fabric felt un comfortable A) she has bee n on the trip herself and enjoyed itB) she wouldn 'consider going on the trip C) she thinks the class is too adva need for the man D) she think there 'a good reason to go on the tripA) he is late for classes too ofte nB) he has missed too many classesC) he has failed in the exam aga in20.21. D) he is a trouble-maker at schoolA)stude nts are going to take the final exam todayB)it 'the last day Steve can drop the class with a full refundC)stude nts have to hand in their rep orts todayD)it s the final day Steve can apply for a loa nA)drop the classB)make up the missed less onsC)stop tak ing p art-time jobD)tran sfer to ano ther school22.25. A)the quality of goods and services has improvedB)most people are reduc ing their consump ti onC)complain cha nn els are too limitedD)many people don 'bother to complainA)electrical app lia ncesB)travel age nciesC)p hotogra phic and sound equipmentD)clothi ngA)they acco unt for the largest proportionB)90 per cent of them are reas on ableC)most of them are for delayed air ticketsD)few of them are for poor accommodatio nA)two weeksB)less tha n two weeksC)two to three weeksD)more tha n three weeksSection B Passage One26.27.28. A)it is an intern ati onal orga ni zati onB)it only exists in poor coun triesC)people always think highly of itD)anyone can join the group easilyA)to try to sto p the war in ItalyB)to help the woun ded in the battleC)to form an intern ati onal treatyD)to aid the injured in the earthquakeA)p rotect ing the prisoners of warB)teachi ng first aid to the p ublicC)rais ing money for p ublic fundD)p ubliciz ing the idea of charityP assage Two29.32. A)they are offered for those with an in terest in the coursesB)empio yers and empio yees in a company are both welcomeC)people who will retire in a few years are the target stude ntsD)stude nts from a no rmal uni versity can atte nd the coursesA)sp ecialist sp eakersB)retired peopleC)empio yersD)senior citize nsA)they can atte nd any courses for freeB)they arrange discussi on group for peopleC)they lear n how to com muni cate with othersD)they want to be carpen ters or craftsme nA)it charges at a reduced rateB)it is available every dayC)it is open to all peopleD)it is p rovided only in the eve ningP assage Three33.34.35. A)they have to lear n basics of En glishB)they know clearly what they want to lear nC)it is good for them to lear n gen eral En glish skillsD)they want to have an up-to-date kno wledge of En glishA)the kno wledge of teachersB)the behaviors of stude ntsC)the princip les of schoolsD)The in troducti on of booksA)En glish for doctorB)En glish for lawyersC)En glish for rep ortersD)En glish for bus in essma n。
大学英语四级-模拟测试model-text1
2021年12月四级考试预测押题卷（一）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a letter to offer your suggestions to your cousin who sought your advice on how to make his resume distinctive.You should write at least120words but no more than 180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Two.B)Three.C)Four.D)Five.2.A)He called the police after the accident.B)He broke his arm in the accident.C)He was caught taking drugs.D)He was arrested by the police.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)A cure to brain cancer.B)A new surgical instrument.C)A pen that can identify cancerous tissue.D)A new drug that can eliminate cancerous tissue.4.A)Finding the border between the cancerous and normal tissue.B)Identifying the accuracy rate of the new device.C)Improving their speed of removing a tumour.D)Using the new device in brain surgery.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)To collect scientific data on it.C)To take photos of the storm on it.B)To monitor the storm on it.D)To investigate its environment.6.A)It has lasted for nearly350years.B)It has lasted for more that350months.C)It seems to be getting smaller.D)It seems to be getting larger.7.A)What initially caused the storm.C)What is the impact of the storm.B)What is underneath the storm.D)What makes the storm last for so long.Section BDirections：In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C),and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)It’s for disabled adults.B)It’s in a sports centre.C)It’s rewarding and challenging.D)It’s compulsive in her community.9.A)The skills they need.B)The products they have.C)The market they target.D)The language they require.10.A)Diversify markets and sales strategies.B)Reduce costs and jobs.C)Learn from other companies.D)Listen to the opinions of experts.11.A)The salary and the workload.B)The office hour and the penalty system.C)The welfare and the holiday system.D)The ethical policy and the carbon footprint.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Double-decker buses.B)The traffic in London.C)Bus routes.D)Travels in Britain.13.A)It has no windows.B)People get onto it at the front.C)It has two carriages.D)It is open at the back.14.A)Uncomfortable.B)Noisy.C)Dangerous.D)Shabby.15.A)Bendy buses can help reduce the traffic jam.B)Bendy buses are more environmentally friendly.C)Bendy buses are convenient for people in wheelchairs.D)Bendy buses are more popular among tourists.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)They had four toes.B)They were not as big as dogs.C)They lived in South America.D)They lived in thick forests.17.A)They had long legs and a long tail.B)They were smaller and had front eyes.C)They began to eat grass as well as fruit.D)They were bigger and had long legs.18.A)They evolved into donkeys in Asia and Africa.B)They used their long legs to run south to South Africa.C)They began to eat apples on the North American plains.D)They preferred grass to fruit and vegetables.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Being rejected by friends and teachers.B)Staying away from his native land.C)Adapting to new study expectations.D)Keeping a balance between study and job.20.A)Talking with older brothers or sisters.C)Starting a conversation with close friends.B)Having a casual talk with a college student.D)Playing with friends on the same sports team.21.A)Follow traditions of with a college student.C)Respect the customs of different colleges.B)Take part in as many activities as possible.D)Take others’advice as reference only.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)They tend to harm wildlife.C)They are thrown away everywhere.B)They are hardly recyclable.D)They are made from useless materials.23.A)It is fatal.B)It is weird.C)It is very serious.D)It is complicated.24.A)The sea creatures that have taken in then are consumed by humans.B)The ocean’s ecology has been polluted and affected humans.C)Humans eat the seabirds that have swallowed plastic particles.D)Humans consume the fish that have eaten sea creatures with them.25.A)Its use has been drastically reduced.C)Most products use natural materials.B)It is still an indispensable material.D)The use of plastic items will be charged.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.A third of the planet’s land is severely degraded and fertile soil is being lost at the rate of24bn tonnes a year, according to a new United Nations-backed study that calls for a shift away from destructively intensive agriculture, The alarming____26____,which is forecast to continue as demand for food and productive land increases,will ass to the risks of conflicts unless____27____actions are implemented,warns the institution behind the report.“As the ready supply of healthy and productive land dries up and the population grows,competition is ___28___for land within countries and globally,”said executive secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification(UNCCD)at the launch of the Global Land Outlook.“To___29____the losses,the outlook suggests it is in all our interests to step back and rethink how we are managing the pressures and the competition.”The Global Land Outlook is____30____as the most comprehensive study of its type,mapping the interlinked impacts of urbanization,climate change,erosion and forest loss.But the biggest factor is the___31___of industrial farming.Heavy tilling,multiple harvests ans___32____use of agrochemicals have increased yields at the____33____of long-term sustainability.If the past20years,agricultural production has increased threefold and the amount of irrigated land has doubled,notes a paper in the outlook by the Joint Research Centre(JRC)of the European commission.Over time,however,this___34___fertility and can lead to abandonment of land and ___35___desertification.A)absorb I)limitedB)abundant J)minimizeC)billed K)occasionallyD)decline L)optimizesE)diminishes M)rateF)expansion N)remedialG)expense O)ultimatelyH)intensifyingSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Take Naps at Work.Apologize to No One[A]In the past two weeks I’ve taken three naps at work,a total of an hour or so of shut-eye while on the clock.And I have no shame or uncertainty about doing it.I couldn’t feel better about it,and my productivity reflects it,too.[B]Sleeping on the job is one of those workplace taboos-like leaving your desk for lunch or taking an afternoon walk-that we’re taught to look down on.If someone naps at2p.m.while the rest of us furiously write memos and respond to emails,surely it must mean they’re slacking off(偷懒).Or so the assumption goes.[C]Restfulness and recharging can take a back seat to the perception and appearance of productivity.It’s easier to stay on a virtual hamster(仓鼠)wheel of activity by immediately responding to every email than it is to measure aggregate productivity over a greater period of time.But a growing field of occupational and psychological research is building the case for restfulness in pursuit of greater productivity.[D]Companies are suffering from tremendous productivity problems because people are stressed out and not recovering from the workday,said Josh Bersin,Principal and Founder of Bersin by Deloitte.“They’re beginning to realize that this is their problem,and they can’t just say to people,‘Here’s a work-life balance course,go teach yourself how to manage your inbox,’”Mr.Bersin said.“It’s way more complicated than that.”[E]To be sure,the ability to nap at work is far from widespread,experts said.Few among us have the luxury of being able to step away for a half-hour snoozefest.But lunch hours and coffee breaks can be great times to duck out,and your increased productivity and alertness will be all the evidence you need to make your case to inquiring bosses.[F]In an ideal world,we’d all solve this problem by unplugging early and getting a good night’s sleep. Here’s our guide on how to do just that.But the next best thing is stealing away for a quick power nap when you’re dragging after lunch.[G]In a study published in Nature Neuroscience,researchers tested subjects on their perceptual performance four times throughout the day.Performance deteriorated with each test,but subjects who took a30-minute nap between tests stopped the deterioration in performance,and those who took a60-minute nap even reversed it.[H]“Naps had the same magnitude of benefits as full nights of sleep if they had a quality of nap.”said Sara Mednick,a co-author of the study and associate professor of psychology at the University of California,Riverside.[I]Dr.Mednick,a sleep researcher and the author of Take a Nap!Change Your Life,said daytime napping can have many of the benefits of overnight sleep,and different types of naps offer specific benefits.[J]For example,Dr.Mednick said a20-to60-minute nap might help with memorization and learning specific bits of information.It’s just long enough to enter stage-two sleep,or non-rapid eye movement(R.E.M.)sleep.[K]After60minutes,you start getting into R.E.M.sleep,most often associated with that deep,dreaming state we all enjoy at night R.E.M.sleep can improve creativity,perceptual processing and highly associativethinking,which allows you to make connections between disparate ideas,Dr.Mednick said.Beyond that,your best bet is a90-minute nap,which will give you a full sleep cycle.[L]Any nap,however,can help with alertness and perception and cut through the general fog that creeps in during the day,experts said.[M]So how did we even arrive at this point where aptitude is inextricably tied(紧密相连)to working long, concentrated hours?Blame technology,but think broader than smartphones and laptops;the real issue is that tech has enabled us to be available at all times.[N]“We went through a period where people were in denial and business leaders were ignoring it,”Mr. Bersin said.“They were assuming that if we give people more tools,more emails,more Slack,more chatter,and we’ll just assume they can figure out how to deal with it all.And I think they’ve woken up to the fact that this is a big problem,and it is affecting productivity,engagement,health,safety,wellness and all sorts of things.”[O]It isn’t just office workers who can benefit from an afternoon siesta(午睡).A2015study published in Current Biology looked at the at the sleeping habits of three hunter-gatherer preindustrial societies in Tanzania, Namibia and Bolivia.[P]“They’re active in the morning,then they get in the shade under the trees and have a sort of quiet time, but they’re not generally napping,”said Jerome Siegel,professor of psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences,and director of the U.C.L.A.Center for Sleep Research,a co-author of the study.“Then they do some work and go to sleep,and they sleep through the night.”[Q]Still,Mr.Siegel said,“the only genuine way to solve daytime sleepiness and fatigue starts the night before with a solid night’s sleep.”The real Holy Grail of restfulness is a regular sleep schedule with ideally seven or eight hours of sleep each night,which experts say is optimal.[R]“Daytime napping certainly does increase alertness,”Mr.Siegel said.“But it’s not as simple as going to the gas station and filling the tank.”[S]He also advises avoiding caffeine late in the day and waking around the same time every morning,even if you can’t get to sleep at the same time every night,This helps acclimate(使适应)your body to your regular wake-up time,regardless of how much sleep you got the night before.[T]So if you’ve made it this far and you’re interested in giving workday naps a try(or just starting to nod off),here’s a quick guide to the perfect nap;Find a quiet,unoccupied space where you won’t be disturbed.Try to make your area as dim as possible(or invest in a sleep mask you can keep in the office).Earplugs might help.too.Aim for around20minutes.Any longer than that and you’re likely to wake up with sleep inertia(睡眠惰性)，which will leave you even groggier(头脑昏沉的)than before.36.Participants’perceptual performance became better after sleeping one hour between tests in an article inNature Neuroscience.37.Jerome Siegel found that only by sleeping soundly through the previous night could people tackle theirweariness during the day.38.Our talent is closely bound to working with concentration for long periods of time because technologymakes us accessible24/7.39.Taking a nap at work is normally regarded as laziness that should be held in contempt and avoided inworkplace.40.Between20to60minutes,people can get into non-REM sleep which may improve memory and learningability according to Dr.Mednick.41.People can doze off at lunch and coffee breaks and defended themselves by saying their improvedproductivity and alertness when bosses investigated their whereabouts.42.The author’s tips on taking a perfect nap involve sleeping place,environment and duration.43.The author believes business leaders are aware that availability at any time due to technology has negativeeffects on every aspect of people’s life.44.The optimal length of a nap was an hour and a half so that people could go through a complete sleep cycle.45.Josh Bersin mentioned the cause of companies’big productivity problems and the solution which needsmore that just employees’efforts.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.Every office worker hates meetings.But it’s a strange sort of hate,similar to the hatred of Londoners for the Northern Line,or New Yorkers for tourists who walk too slowly:the dislike is real,yet if the despised thing were to vanish,it’d be like surrendering a piece of your soul.When researchers probed into why people put up with the strain that meetings place on their time and sanity, they found something-those who resent and dread meetings the moat also defend them as a“necessary evil”, sometimes with great passion.True,research suggests that meetings take up vastly more of the average manager’s time than they used to.True,done badly,they’re associated with lower levels of innovation and employee wellbeing(幸福).But that’s just office life,right?It’s not supposed to be fun.That’s why they call it work.Underlying(引起)this attitude is an assumption that’s drummed into us not just as workers but as children, parents and romantic partners;that more communication is always a good thing.So suggestions abound for(大量存在)communicating better in meetings-for example,hold them standing up,so speakers will come to the point more quickly.But even when some companies consider abolishing meetings entirely,the principle that more communication is better isn’t questioned.If anything,it’s reinforced when such firms introduce“flat”management structures,with bosses always available to everyone,plus plenty of electronic distraction.In fact,constant connectivity is disastrous for both job satisfaction and the bottom line.And anyway,once you give it three seconds’thought,isn’t it cleat that more communication frequently isn’t a good thing?Often,the difference between a successful marriage and a second-rate one consists of leaving about three or four things a day unsaid.At work,it’s surely many more than four,though for a different reason;office communication comes at the cost of precisely the kind of focus that’s essential to good work.Yet we’re so accustomed to seeing talking as a source of solutions-for resolving conflicts or finding new ideas-that it’s hard to see when it is the problem.46.What does the author say about meetings?A)Londoners hate them as well as the Northern Line.B)They can help to keep workers’physical and spiritual health.C)Workers might be reluctant to give up them completely.D)New Yorkers dislike meetings more than Londoners.47.What did researchers find about people’s attitude towards meeting?A.Their attitude and behavior are paradoxical.B)People who hate meetings the most are senior insane.C)Those who like meetings might be considered insane.D)More meetings are regarded as a sign of less innovation.48.Why do people think that more communication is always a good thing?A)Because the concept is firmly believed by workers.B)Because everyone loves to communicate with others.C)Because the idea has been instilled into people’s mind.D)Because communication is vital for building relationships.49.What does the author think of the“flat”management structure?A)It forces bosses to frequently contact their employees.B)It helps to soften employees’bottom line of work.C)It is definitely a disaster to employees’job satisfaction.D)It strengthens people’s deeply-rooted notion of communication.50.What is the author’s argument about office communication?A)It is an effective way to solve office conflicts.B)It affects work efficiency in a negative way.C)It should come to a halt at intervals.D)It is useful for workers to find new ideas.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.The Internet has enabled the spread of information at lightning speed.This information revolution has created tremendous business opportunities for online publishers,but not all of them maintain proper quality-control mechanisms to ensure that only good information is being shared.Instead,many publishers aim simply to make money by whatever means possible,with no regard for the implications for society at large.When selfish publishers set up shops online,the primary goal is to publish as much as possible,often at the cost of quality.In this respect,many publishers start numerous online journals focused on overlapping(重叠的)disciplines—to increase their total number of published papers—and hire young business managers who do not have any experience in either science or publishing.In some cases,online publishers even give up peer review, while still presenting themselves as scientific journals—deception designed to take advantage of scientists who simply want to share their research.If publishers structure their business to make more revenue,it often does harm to their products.When publishers start journals with overlapping domains,in combination with the pressure to publish more studies,this could promote the publication of marginal or even questionable articles.Moreover,publishers with multiple overlapping journals and journals with very narrow specialties(专业)increase the demands on the time and efforts of willing reviewers.With the fact that reviewers are generally not compensated for their time and effort,journal editors are often unable to find enough reviewers to keep up with the increased publication rate.To improve the situation and increase the trust in scientific community,the pressure to publish must be reduced.Funding and promotion decisions should not be based on the number of publications,but on the quality of those publications and a researcher’s long-term productivity and instructions.And that’s just the start.We need additional mechanisms,such as Beall’s list of predatory(掠夺的)publishers, to alert scientists to fake journals and fake articles.In addition,the price for online publication must be controlled and a mechanism must be put in place to honor and reward hard-working reviewers.51.What does the author think of online publishers?A)A small proportion of them can guarantee their publishing quality.B)They have lots of opportunities to renovate their business models.C)Many of them tend to try every means to make a buck.D)Social impact is their first priority when publishing books.52.It can be inferred from the second paragraph that______.A)peer review generally is a criterion to identify academic journalsB)researchers focus their research on the combination of disciplinesC)scientists care about their publications rather than researchD)young business managers are willing to face new challenges53.Why can’t publishers find enough reviewers to review papers?A)Reviewers are pressed for time when reviewing articles.B)Reviewers’gains can’t make up for what they have done.C)Publishers may compel reviewers to accept marginal articles.D)Publishers urge reviewers to increase publication rate rapidly.54.What is the author’s suggestion for online publication?A)More weight should be put on the quantity of publications.B)It is worthwhile to reward diligent reviewers for their effort.C)Fake journals should be reported to a regulatory organization.D)The price of online publication should be lowered greatly.55.What is the main idea of this passage?A)Online publishers should take measures to fight against fake scientific journals.B)Online publishers are pursuing their work efficiency at the cost of quality.C)Online publishers business models are quite likely to harm their publications.D)Online publishers are sacrificing the quality of research articles to make money.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.春节是中国的传统节日，相当于美国的圣诞节。
大学英语四级模拟试题（听力）
大学英语四级模拟试题（听力）以下是大学英语四级模拟试题第一套听力部分，希望对你有用!Model Test 1Part One Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said - Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a line through the centre.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) At the office.B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) At the office is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.1. A) She is not interested in the article.B) She has given the man much trouble.C) She would like to have a copy of the article.D) She doesn't want to take the trouble to read the article.2. A) He saw the big tower he visited on TV~B) He has visited the TV tower twice.C) He has visited the TV tower once.D) He will visit the TV tower in June.3. A) The woman has trouble getting along with the professor.B) The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor's time.C) The woman knows the professor has been busy.D) The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.4. A) He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B) He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job.C) He thinks the pay is too low to support his family,D) He wants to spend more time with his family.5. A) The man thought the essay was easy.B) They both had a hard time writing the essay.C) The woman thought the essay was easy.D) Neither of them has finished the assignment yet.6. A) In the park. B) Between two buildingsC) In his apartment. D) Under a huge tree.7. A) It's awfully dull. B) It's really exciting.C) it's very exhausting. D) It's quite challenging.8. A) movie. B) A lecture. C) A play. D) A speech.9. A) The weather is mild compared to the past years.B) They are having the coldest winter ever.C) The weather will soon get warmer.D) The weather may get even colder.10. A) The mystery story.B) The hiring of a shop assistant.C) The search for a reliable witness target=_blank class=infotextkey>witness.D) An unsolved case of robbery.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They want to change the way English is taught.B) They learn English to find well-paid jobs.C) They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English.D) They know clearly what they want to learn.12. A ) Professionals. B) College students.C) Beginners D) Intermediate earners.13. A) Courses for doctors. B) Courses for businessmen.C) Courses for reporters. D) Courses for lawyers.14. A) Three groups of learners. B) The importance of business English.C) English for Specific Purposes. D) Features of English for different papacies.Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A) To show off their wealth.B) To feel good.C) To regain their memory.D) To be different from others.16. A) To help solve their psychological problems.B) To play games with them.C) To send sham to the hospital.D) To make them aware of its harmfulness.17. A) They need care and affection.B) They are fond of round-the-world trips.C) They are mostly from broken families.D) They are likely to commit crimes.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) Because it was too heavy.B) Because it did not bend easily.C) Because it did not shoot far.D) Because its string was short.19. A) It went out of use 300 years agoB) h was invented alter the short how.C) It was discovered before fire and the wheel.D) It's still in use today.20. A) They are accurate and easy to pull.B) Their shooting range is 40 yards.C) They are usually used indoors.D) They took 100 years to develop.。
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For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with information given in the passage.
Will We Run Out of Water?
Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral sea (咸海) in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate (provide water for ) farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding (使搁浅) ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.
Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
Similar large--scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.
1.每年，高校许多大学生受到鼓舞去贫困地区支教。
2.Байду номын сангаас教活动的意义。
3.我的看法。
提示:在实考试卷中，该试题在答题卡1上。
Aid--Education in China
PartⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7,mark
Picture a“ghost ship”sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.
“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,”says Peter H.Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization inCalifornia. He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one--third of the world’s projected (预测的) 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.
WHERE WATER GOES
Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project inAmherst,Mass.Two--thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers (冰山) and ice caps（冰盖）. In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation (rain or snow).
College English Model Test One
PartⅠWriting(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: AidEducation in China. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below: