大作文的考察范围

大作文的考察范围一内容二形式⏹分段⏹段落安排合理三语言最重要1 谚语和典故⏹Just as an old Chinese proverb says, …⏹日常积累⏹谚语是可以编的⏹具体的问题抽象化，抽象的问题具体化⏹All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.⏹Each Jack has his Jill.2 修辞⏹as busy as a bee⏹as blue as sky⏹as black as coffee⏹as evil as a devil⏹as pure as an angel⏹as deep as ocean3 复杂的句式（1）简单句变复杂的方法⏹形容词和副词⏹同位语作插入语⏹介词结构作修饰⏹非限定性定语从句⏹非谓语动词(2) 五大经典句型⏹倒装⏹虚拟语气⏹as引导的状语从句⏹状语从句的省略问题⏹rather than vs other thana 倒装⏹介词地点状语提前，后接系表倒装In the sunshine, stands a young tree.(注意主谓一致)⏹否定副词提前，部分倒装。

Hardly can I do it.b 虚拟语气⏹It is high time ＋that ＋主语＋did（是做某件事情非常紧急和迫切的时刻了。

）⏹问题如此严重，我们必须马上解决这个问题。

⏹The situation being so serious, it is high time that we tookeffective measures to ……b 虚拟语气⏹It is important/ necessary/ urgent +that +(should)+do⏹我们必须制订（work out）一些法律法规（laws andregulations）来解决这个问题。

⏹It is imperative that laws and regulations should beworked out to ……b 虚拟语气⏹条件从句引导的虚拟语气c as引导的状语从句⏹让步状语从句：Although she is a girl, she sings like a man.Girl as she is, she sings like a man.⏹尽管漫画很简单，但是其寓意却非常深刻。

Simple as the picture is, the meaning behind it is as deep as ocean.d 状语从句的省略问题⏹When in Rome, do as Romans do.⏹When in Rome, you do as Romans do. ( 祈使句的省略) ⏹When you are（状语从句的省略）in Rome, you do as Romans do.⏹规略：当从句和主句的主语相同，而从句中的动词为系动词的时候，从句中的主语和系动词可以被省略e rather than vs other than5 简单词复杂化的方法(1) of +n.=adj.(2) the poor, the beautiful, the old(3) n.+and its like…和他的同类（作为从一个到多个的推广方法，议论文常用）表达陌生的词汇(4) so called +n. 所谓的5常用同义词汇⏹importantsignificant, necessary, essential, urgent⏹veryof great importance, significantly important⏹Differentvarious, a variety of, vary from person to personPeople’s opinions are various.People have a variety of opinions.People’s opinions vary from person to person.文章的连贯性问题⏹并列⏹as well as, and…as well, not only… but also…⏹转折转折副词(不能连接两个句子): however, instead,unfortunately, fortunately, in fact, on the contrary⏹转折连词:while, but…⏹递进连词⏹first, second, third⏹To begin with, Besides, Last but not least⏹On one hand, on the other, In addition⏹因果关系⏹副词: consequently, hence, thus, consequently, therefore,thereby, as a consequence⏹介词:owing to, thanks to, due to,⏹连词:so, and consequently文章的连贯性问题⏹万能关联词⏹in other word, that is to say, as a matter of fact⏹⏹范文分析⏹98.1母鸡下蛋，虚假承诺⏹Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should: ⏹ 1 write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon此提纲应分为两段写作）⏹ 2 give your comments⏹描述图画＋阐释寓意＋给出评论（解决方法）范文分析The past several years have witnessed a phenomenon that a variety of promises have been arising from all walks of life. Regrettably, quite a lot of promises are sheer nonsense, just as the hen in the given cartoon commits herself to lay eggs which are round without any angles and corners and have shells, egg whites and yolks.Odds and funny as they sound, such false promises can be seen and heard everywhere in our country. Administration departments assure to perform their tasks effectively and fairly without taking any bribes;manufacturing units guarantee to turn out products of good quality; commercial enterprises swear to provide genuine commodities and polite and enthusiastic services. Can you find anything new and substantial other than their obligations, duties and jobs in these so called promises? I guess your answer will be negative. As a matter of fact, their intention to make such commitments is nothing but to put on civilized outer clothing to please or deceive the public.I dare say that your society is suffering corruption and cheat which are causing damage to society both materially and morally. But the hen and her like should know that by dishonest words no one can survive the intense competition under market economy system. They should remember the old saying, “Honesty is the best policy”.⏹Here is an interesting cartoon: With her head held high, maybe singing, a hen stands proudly in the cartoon of the picture with a notice in hand. It says: “Firstly, I promise that the eggs I lay are absolutely round without any square corners. Secondly, they all have shells and cores.” It’s so ridiculous that we can’t help laughing. But after that there must be something left.⏹Recently, many promises have come up in many walks of life, especially the service departments. They promise you that they will provide you with warm smile service and good products. At first you are moved nearly to thank them. But if you think twice, you may wonder if those should be their duties. It goes without saying that factories should produce goods of quality, department stores should serve customers politely, buses should arrive on time, and so forth, because all of these are their responsibilities. But why should they promise what are their due jobs? One reason may be that they want to correct their past mistakes under the planned economic system. Another is that they intend to improve their images and please the customers.⏹In my opinion, trying to be better is worth welcoming, but making empty promises is unacceptable. If factories, stores and administrations do their jobs well rather than talk nonsense, our society will be more prosperous. 范文分析⏹As is shown in the cartoon, the hen made two pieces of promises. On the one hand, she said that her eggs would be sure to be round. On the other hand, she could ensure that her eggs must have egg crust, egg white and egg yellow. According to the words given in the picture, we know that making promises is very popular amongdifferent departments and organizations. But it’s clear that what they promise is nothing but their obligations or duties. This phenomenon is not a good thing to our society.⏹There are at least two main reasons, I think, for this phenomenon. In the first place, some enterprises want to pursuit fashion, but have not true promise to make, so they promised what they didn’t need to say. Secondly, it is a normal phenomenon in the process of reform and open door to the world. Maybe there are some other reasons, but the mentioned above is commonly accepted.⏹As far as I am concerned, I believe that this phenomenon is not a good thing, but with the reform and open door policy being carried out, and with the development of our national economy, these problems will be solved step by step. I am sure my opinion is sound and well-grounded.⏹这个问题迟早会得到解决(消失).⏹It will only be a matter of time before the problem becomes things of the past.⏹万能句式结尾⏹请注意在时间状语从句中的时态问题”主将从现”描述图画段落⏹万能开头句⏹描述图画⏹总结万能开头句⏹One of the pressing problems facing our nation / worldtoday is ….⏹There is a growing worldwide awareness of….⏹There has been a heated discussion about a picturein the newspaper.⏹Cartoon, photograph, drawing⏹Magazine, journal⏹In no country other than China, it has been said, is the problem of more serious.万能开头句⏹The past decade has witnessed a huge development in economy owing to the reform and open door policy being carried out, bringing some problems at the same time, with the following one being the foremost描述图画⏹As is shown in the picture,…（后接完整单独句子描写图画）⏹Shown, depicted, drawn⏹Picture, cartoon, drawing, photograph⏹Clearly, Vividly, ridiculously, interestingly…描述图画⏹开始真正描写图画:⏹在图画中央有, 它,周围有⏹可以使用倒装⏹主语与前文一致,可使用非限定性定语从句或者现在分词⏹介词做伴随结构描述图画⏹如图所示，黑暗中有一盏小小的油灯，它向周围散发着光亮。