山东大学外科学(普外)2017年考博真题考博试卷

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哈尔滨医科大学外科学(公共部分)2017年考博真题考博试卷

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攻读博士学位研究生入滨医科大学
2017 年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：外科公共部分注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。一、问答题（100 分） 1.现代医学模式及由什么模式转变而来。 2.消毒和灭菌区别。 3.高钾血症原因及危险。 4.输血近期并发症。 5.休克本质特征及治疗关键。 6.外科预防性应用抗生素给药方式。 7.体重指数意义，公式，正常值，如何判断肥胖及营养不良。 8.外科感染的影响因素。 9.创伤的组织修复阶段。 10.根据病理生理学特点烧伤分期。 11.何为移植抗原。 12.根据肝癌大小分类。 13.上消化道出血原因。 14.创伤致死三联征。 15.术后 VTE 高发人群。 16.颅内压升高三主征。 17.椎管肿瘤分型。 18.体外冲击波碎石并发症。 19.外伤性尿道损伤分型。

山东中医药大学生理学2017年考博真题考博试卷

攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
医学考博真题试卷
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山东中医药大学
2017 Байду номын сангаас攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：生理学注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上、写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。一、简答题（100 分） 1、脑干对肌紧张的调节机制。 2、什么是去神经敏感、举例说明其意义。 3、甲状腺激素与去甲肾上腺素对心血管的影响。 4、胃排空定义、过程及意义。 5、后负荷对骨骼肌收缩的影响。 6、影响肾小球滤过率的因素。 7、论述离子电流的细胞膜电学基础。 8、人体体温的调节。 9、女性妊娠期间激素水平的变化。 10、在正常情况下、循环系统中的血液为什么处于流动状态。应该是肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素对心血管的影响吧。还有原尿生成。
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南方医科大学外科学(胸心外)2017年考博真题试卷

南方医科大学
2017年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：外科学（胸心外）
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
外科总论部分（28分）
一、名词解释（5选4，2分*4）
1、休克指数。
2、SIRS。
3、代谢性酸中毒。
4、脑复苏。
5、CVP（中心静脉压）
二、简答题（3选2，10分*2）
四、论述题（3选2，20分*2）
1、气管切开后，气囊压迫所致气管食管瘘的诊治方案。
2、中段食管癌（距门齿24-32cm）的围术期诊治方案。
3、氧合指数为68的ARDS诊治方案。
1、腰麻术后常见并发3、大量输血对机体的影响。
胸心外科部分（72分）
三、简答题（6选4，8分*4）
1、上腔静脉阻塞综合征定义。
2、肺动脉高压定义、诊断及治疗原则。
3、胸主动脉瘤分型及治疗原则。
4、小肺癌的诊断及治疗原则。
5、胸廓出口综合征的定义。
6、ECMO的定义及适应症。

福建医科大学外科学(骨外)2017年考博真题试卷

医学考博真题试卷
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福建医科大学
2017年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：外科学（骨外）
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一、简答题（100分）
1.AO理念。
2.骨筋膜室综合征定义及诊断。
3.股骨头坏死分期及治疗原则。
4.四肢骨折内固定术后感染分类、诊断及治疗。
分级及脊髓损伤处理原则。
6.骨肿瘤外科分期，治疗及骨肉瘤治疗新进展。
7.腰椎间盘突出类型。
8.穿支皮瓣及优点缺点。
9.骨肿瘤外科分级。
10.脊柱外科进展。

中南大学外科学(骨外)骨外科2017年考博真题试卷

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并发症。 2.车祸30分钟休克后送急诊……考失血性休克的治疗和休克代偿期的发病机制？ 3.代谢性酸中毒的病因和诊断。二、名词解释和简答题（10个，每个4分） 1.挤压综合征 2.脂肪栓塞综合征 3.slap损伤 4.chaloct's joint? 5.无菌性股骨头坏死 6.急性骨萎缩 7.恶性骨肿瘤的Ewing分期 8.糖尿病人的术前准备 9.髋关节置换后假体周围骨折的分型和依据 10. 人工关节置换快速康复三、骨科病例分析（3题全英文，每题10分） 1.小腿骨折后的骨室筋膜综合症？如何处理？5P征的含义？ 2.colles骨折的定义，尺骨骨折的相关结构损伤，尺骨骨折术后相关神经并发症？ 3.左膝骨性关节炎诊断鉴别诊断，TKA的常见方法和可以移除的结构？
中南大学
医学考博真题试卷
攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
中南大学
2017年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：外科学（骨外）_骨外科注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。一、外科基础（3道全英文病例分析每题10分） 1.餐后1小时右上腹痛，胆囊有结石……。个人感觉是考胆囊炎的诊断，治疗和
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昆明医科大学外科学2017年考博真题试卷

3、患有腹水、黄疸、Child-Pugh c级的病人发生食管胃底静脉曲张破裂是应怎么治疗。
4、急性肝衰瘤的临床表现、诊断、治疗。
7、肺转移性肿瘤的临床表现、诊断、治疗。
8、膀胱损伤的原因、临床表现、诊断、治疗。
9、髌骨骨折的原因临床表现、诊断、治疗。
昆明医科大学
医学考博真题试卷
攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
昆明医科大学
2017年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：外科学
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一、简答及论述题（100分）
1、局部麻醉药的毒性反应，怎么预防。
2、肿瘤手术时要遵循哪些外科基本原则，除此外还应遵循哪些肿瘤手术原则。
10、外科微创技术概述。

中南大学湘雅医院外科学(脊柱外)2017年考博真题试卷

中南大学
医学考博真题试卷
攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
中南大学湘雅医院
2017年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：外科学（脊柱外）注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。一、名词解释 1. 脊髓中央管综合征
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2. Jefferson骨折 3. 低渗性脱水 4. 低血容量性休克 5. 臂丛神经牵拉试验 6. 连枷胸二、简答题 1. 急性脊髓损伤甲强龙冲击治疗的方法。 2. 输血的适应症和并发症。 3. 肠梗阻的病因分类、临床表现。 4. 寰枢关节半脱位的影像学诊断标准。三、问答题 1. 脊柱结核的手术适应症、手术原则。 2. 腰椎管的解剖特点，腰椎管狭窄症的解剖病理基础。
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山东中医药大学生理学2017年考博真题试卷

骨骼肌收缩的影响。
6、影响肾小球滤过率的因素。
7、论述离子电流的细胞膜电学基础。
8、人体体温的调节。
9、女性妊娠期间激素水平的变化。
10、在正常情况下、循环系统中的血液为什么处于流动状态。
应该是肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素对心血管的影响吧。
还有原尿生成。
山东中医药大学
医学考博真题试卷
攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
山东中医药大学
2017年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：生理学
注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上、写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
一、简答题（100分）
1、脑干对肌紧张的调节机制。
2、什么是去神经敏感、举例说明其意义。
3、甲状腺激素与去甲肾上腺素对心血管的影响。

中山大学外科学(心胸外科)2008,2017年考博真题

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中山大学
2017年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：外科学（心胸外科）注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。必答题（80分） 1.尿路结石排石治疗适应证 2.腕管综合症临床特点 3.腹主动脉瘤治疗 4.腹股沟疝鉴别诊断 5.甲状腺术后18小时，呼吸困难原因，及处理 6.内痔分度 7.梨状肌综合征临床特点 8.骨软骨瘤手术适应症 9.低渗性缺水原因 10.CVP正常血压低，鉴别血容量不足和心功能不全 11.什么是营养评价 12.结肠损伤一期修复禁忌症 13.最常见的功能性胰腺内分泌瘤及临床表现 14.mallory weiss 综合征 15.什么样的乳腺癌患者需要切乳房 16.低钾血症引起代碱的原因
心胸外科（20分） 2题，每题10分三尖瓣TE分型肥厚性心肌病的进展
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攻读博士学位研究生入学考试ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้卷
医学考博历年真题试卷
中山大学
2008年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试题
考试科目：外科学（心胸外科）注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。
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（外科学公共部分）一、简答题： 1、简述外科营养代谢并发症有哪些？ 2、简述外科感染联合抗炎的适应症。 3、简述破伤风的处理原则。 4、简述腹部切口裂开的主要原因。有何表现？ 5、简述 Fast track surgery 及目的与主要措施。 6、简述手臂洗手消毒后为何还需戴消毒手套？ 7、什么是 BMI ？如何测算及对营养状态诊断的标准？ 8、包茎可能带来那些危害？二、问答题：（选所报专业）（心胸外科）－－18、常见的可行外科手术根治的先天性心脏病（不少于 7 种）及法洛四联症的四种畸形。－－19、影响食管癌外科治疗远期效果的主要因素有哪些？

2017年医学博士英语统考真题及答案解析

2017年医学博士英语统考真题及答案Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension (30% )Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation, you will hear a question about what is said.The question will be read only once. After you hear the question, read thefour possible answers marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer andmark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man : No wonder. You haven't had a bite all day.Question : What's the matter with the woman?You will read :A. She is sick.B. She was bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.1. A. To have a coffee. B. To hold her teddy bear.C. T o take her medicine.D.T o talk with the doctor.2.A.They are ill-tempered.B.They rarely listen to him.C.They often give a wrong diagnosis.D.They always prescribe wrong medications.3.A. His lovely voice. B. His Italian background.C. His attraction appearance.D. His patience with patients.4. A. 2 30 pm today. B. 2:00 pm today.C. 2 : 30 pm tomorrow.D. 2 : 00 pm tomorrow.5.A. He should take one pill 13 minutes before sleep for 30 days.B.He should take one pill 13 minutes before sleep for 13 days.C.He should take one pill 30 minutes before sleep for 13 days.D.He should take one pill 30 minutes before sleep for 30 days.6.A. Go to the cinema. B. Eat out in a restaurant.C. Have a drink or bite in a bar.D. T ake a walk down the High Street.7.A. Thursday, the 16th. B. Friday, the 17th.C. Sunday, the 19th.D. Monday, the 20th.8.A. Mark De Weck B. Mark Te WeckC. Marc De WeckD. Marc T e Weck9.A. It could be three days.B. It could be three months.C. That's an easy question to answer.D. That's an impossible question to answer.10. A. The woman herself. B. The woman's mother.C. The woman's husband.D. The woman's sister-in-law.11.A. It’s a benign tumor. B. It’s a malignant tumor.C. It’s a inherited disease.D. It’s on the man’s right shoulder.12.A. He is a hematologist. B. He is a hepatologist.C. He is a psychologist.D. He is a neurologist.13.A. Because his wife, Sally, wants him to do so.B. Because his company has asked him to do so.C. Because he suspects that he might be infected.D. Because he is applying for emigration to Australia.14. A. She used to handle her own luggage, but not anymore.B. She wants to take her luggage to the car by herself.C. She loves hauling her luggage around herself.D. She needs a hand from the man.15. A. Shocked. B. Nervous.C. Annoyed.D. Contented.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear one dialogue and two passages. After each one, you will hear five questions. After each question read the four possibleanswers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter ofyour choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Dialogue16.A. A difficult case. B. A trivial illness.C. A deadly disease.D. A serious condition.17. A. Cough . B. Fever.C. Stuffed nose.D. Sore throat.18. A. A cold. B. Allergy.C. Sinusitis.D. Pneumonia.19.A. Whether the man should seek a second opinion.B. Whether the doctor’s diagnosis is correct or not.C. Whether the doctor should prescribe an antibiotic.D. Whether CompliCare should cover the man’s expenses.20.A. Nice and patient. B. Rushed and impatient.C. Rational and eloquent.D. Conservative and stubborn.21.A. Simply from the contents of their texts.B. Just from the number of texts they send.C. Merely from the books they read at leisure.D. Right from the way they spell certain words.22.A. 2, 030 sociology students.B. 2, 300 sociology students.C. 2, 030 psychologist students.D. 2, 300 psychologist students.23. A. Spiritual life. B. Image and wealth.B. Academic success. D. Morality and aesthetics.24. A. 30% of the survey-takers texted more than 300 times a day.B. 30% of the survey-takers texted more than 400 times a day.C. 12% of the survey-takers texted at least 300 times a day.D. 12% of the survey-takers texted at least 400 times a day.25. A. T oo much texting can make you shallow.B. Texting is nothing but a wonder of Technology.C. T exting has more disadvantages than advantages.D. T oo much texting results in poorly performing students.Passage Two26. A. Effective weight loss. B. Enhanced appetite.C. Improved healthD. Brain fitness.27. A. A 12-week weight loss program.B. A 12-month weight loss program.C. A 12-week aerobic exercise program.D. A 12-month aerobic exercise program.28.A. Exercise sometimes is just futile and not beneficial.B. Exercise should be encouraged, weight loss less emphasized.C. Aerobic exercise can do good to people both mentally and physically.D. Poor weight loss can inevitably result in disappointment and low self-esteem.29.A. T o control weight.B. To live well and longC. T o be together with friends.D. T o enjoy the marvelous feeling of exercise.30.A. Exercise: Value beyond Weight Loss.B. Exercise: the Way to Well-being.C. Exercise for a Better LifeD. Exercise for Weight LossPart Ⅱ Vocabulary (10%)Section ADirections: In this section all the sentences are incomplete. Four words or phrases, marked A B, C and D, are given beneath each of them. You are to choose the word or phrasethat best completes the sentences. Then, mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.31.Chronic high-dose intake of vitamin A has been shown to have_______ effects on bones.A. adverseB. prevalentC. instantD.purposeful32. Drinking more water is good for the rest of your body, helping to lubricate joints and _____ toxins and impurities.A. screen outB. knock outC. flush outD.rule out33.Rheumatologist advises that those with ongoing aches and pains first seek medical help to ______ the problem.A. affiliateB. alleviateC. aggravateD. accelerate34.Generally, vaccine makers_____ the virus in fertilized chicken eggs in a process that can takefour to six months.A. penetrateB. designateC. generateD. exaggerate35. Danish research shows that the increase in obese people in Denmark is roughly______ to the increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.A. equivalentB. temporaryC. permanentD. relevant36. T ed was felled by a massive stroke that affected his balance and left him barely able to speak______.A. bluntlyB. intelligiblyC. reluctantlyD. ironically37.In a technology-intensive enterprise, computers______ all processes of the production and management.A. dominateB. overwhelmC. substituteD. imitate38.Although most dreams apparently happen______, dream activity may be provided by external influences.A. homogeneouslyB. instantaneouslyC.spontaneouslyD. simultaneously39.We are much quicker to respond, and what we respond far too quickly by giving______ to our anger.A. ventB. impulseC.temperD. offence40. By maintaining a strong family_____, they are also maintaining the infrastructure of society.A. biasB.honorC. estateD. bondSection BDirections: Each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined. There are four words or phrases beneath each sentence. Choose the word or phrase which canbest keep the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for the underlinedpart. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.41. Inform the manager if you are on medication that makes you drowsy.A. uneasyB.sleepyC. guiltyD.fiery42. Diabetes is one of the most prevalent and potentially dangerous diseases in the world.A. crucialB. virulentC. colossalD.widespread43. Likewise , soot and smoke from fire contain a multitude of carcinogens.A. a matter ofB. a body ofC. plenty ofD. sort of44.Many questions about estrogen’s effects remain to be elucidated, and investigations are seeking answers through ongoing laboratory and clinical studies.A. implicatedB. impliedC. illuminatedD. initiated45.A network chatting is a limp substitute for meeting friends over coffee.A. accomplishmentB.refreshmentplementD.replacement46. When patients spend extended periods in hospital, they tend to become overly dependent and lose interest in taking care of themselves.A.extremelyB.exclusivlyC.exactlyD. explicitly47.Attempts to restrict parking in the city centre have further aggravated the problem of traffic congestion.A. amelioratedB.aggregatedC.deterioratedD. duplicated48. It was reported that bacteria contaminated up to 80% of domestic retail raw chicken in the United States.A. inflamedB. inflictedC.infectedD. infiltrated49. Researchers recently ran the numbers on gun violence in the United States and reportedthat right-to-carry-gun laws do not inhibit violent crime.A.curbB.induceC.lessenD.impel50.Regardless of our uneasiness about stereotypes, numerous studies have shown clear difference between Chinese and western parenting.A.specificationsB.sensationsC.conventionsD.conservationsPart Ⅲ Cloze (10%)Directions: In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks. For each blank, thereIt was the kind of research that gave insight into how flustrains could mutate so quickly. The same branch of researchto humans. Parsing ( 分析provide clues to ___52___ the next potential superflu, whichThis potential killer also has a number: 59%. According to WHO, nearly three-fifths of the people who ___53___ H5N1since 2003 died from the virus, which was first reported___54___ humans in Hong Kong in 1997 before a more serious___55___ occurred in Southeast Asia between 2003 and 2004. Some researchers argue that those mortality numbers are exaggerated because WHO only ___56___ cases in whichvictims are sick enough to go to the hospitals for treatment.___57___, compare that to the worldwide mortality rate of the 1918 pandemic; it may have killed roughly 50 million people, but that was only 10% of the number of people infected, according to a 2006 estimate.H5N1's saving grace--and the only reason we're not2003. But ___58___ its lethality, and the chance it could tumresearch to be exploding, with labs ___59___ the virus'sanimals and___60___ to humans, and hoping to discover avaccine that could head off a pandemic.参考答案：1听力Section A Short Conversations1. A. To have a coffee. 2. B. They rarely listen to him. 3. D. His patience with patients. 4. A. 2:30 pm today. 5. D. He should take one pill 30 minutes before sleep for 30 days. 6. C. Have a drink or bite in a bar. 7. D. Monday, the 20th. 8. C. Marc De Weck. 9. D. That's an impossible question to answer. 10. D. The woman's sister-in-law. 11. A. It's an benign tumor. 12. A. He is a hematologist. 13. D. Because he is applying for emigration to Australia. 14. B. She wants to take her luggage to the car by herself. 15. C. Annoyed. Section BLong Conversation 16. B. Atrivial illness.17. C. Stuffed nose.18. A. A cold.19. C. Whether the doctor should prescribe an antibiotic.20. A. Nice and patient.Passage One21. B. Just from the number of texts they sent.22. D. 2,300 psychology students.23. B. Image and wealth.24. C. 12% of the survey-takers texted at least 300 times a day.25. A. Too much texting can make you shallow.Passage Two26. C. Improved health.27. C. A 12-week aerobic exercise program.28. B. Exercise should be encouraged, weight loss less emphasized.29. D. To enjoy the marvelous feeling of exercise.30. A. Exercise: Value beyong Weight Loss. 2词汇Section A31. A adverse32. C. flush out33. B. alleviate34. C. generate35. A. equivalent36. B. intelligibly37. A. dominate38. C. spontaneously39. A. vent40. D. bondSection B41. B. sleepy42. D. widespread43. C. plenty of44. C. illuminated45. D. replacement 46. A. extremely47. C. deteriorated48. C. infected49. A. curb50. C. conventions51. A. interface52. B. stopping53. D. contracted54. A. in55. D. outbreak56. A. counts57. D. still58. A. given59. C. parsing60. C. potentially阅读理解答案Passage One61. A. warn us against the rampant abuse of antibiotics everywhere62. A. the pre-antibiotic era will return63. A. has developed resistant bacteria worldwide64. B. the existing increasingly ineffectual drugs in the market65. D. helplessnessPassage Two66. C. stay in the forefront of science67. B. the question period after each talk68. A. does not change with times69. B. expose themselves to novel ideas and new approaches70. C. How to design scientific meetingsPassage Three71. D. the human tendency to underestimate the harmful effects on the planet72. D. the definite huge uncertainties about the climatic effects73. A. the successors are also damaging74. D. to explore solar energy and its storage75. B. humanity's energy suppliesPassage Four76. A. how to facilitate their creativity77. B. the evidence-based preliminary results for grant application78. D. benefited from the system he advocates79. C. to encourage starting scientists to be innovative80. C. are independent doing innovative sciencePassage Five81. D82. A. leads to an enquiry by the FDA83. D. the surgical robot is not problematic but safe84. D. a lack of sufficient training on the part of surgeons85. A. Four Arms Better Than Two?Passage Six86. A. their financial status87. B. have no idea about what medical problem they are having88. D. feel a sense of accomplishment in treating the patient89. B. struggled with their survival, let alone with their medical care90. B. Sympathy。

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攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷
医学考博真题试卷
第1究生入学考试试题
考试科目：外科学（普外）注意：所有答案一律写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上或其他地方一律不给分。一、名词解释（10*2 分=20 分） 1.trauma 2.lumpectomy and axillary dissection 3.abdominal compartment Syndrome 4.slow transit constipation 5.SIRS 6.PPH 7.FAP 8.SPTs 9.Zollinger Ellison Syndrome 10.mallary weiss Syndrome 二、简答题（8*5 分=40 分） 1.脓毒症的全身炎症反应表现。 2.甲状腺癌的临床病理分型。 3.乳腺癌的临床病理分型。 4.肝脓肿的临床表现。 5.成人先天性胆管扩张的临床分型。 6.胰腺癌的临床表现。 7.进展期胃癌的治疗原则。 8.左半结肠癌和右半临床表现的异同。三、论述题（2*10 分=20 分） 1.如何根据不同部位的上消化道出血初步判断出血部位？ 2.胆管损伤的医源性因素。四、分析题（20 分）急性坏死性胰腺炎常见的全身和局部并发症。