商务英语写作Chapter 16
商务英语写作经典案例详解
Part Two业务信函Chapter 1 资信调查函1. Consulting Letter 咨询函写作案例详解Dear Sir or Madam,The under-mentioned firm has recently asked if they could represent us in the marketing of our products in the United States as our sole agent:Delta Company, Ltd1258 Huston AvenueNew York,NY10051It will be greatly appreciated if you could provide us some information about the financial and business standing of the above firm. Any information you give will be treated in strict confidence.Look forward to your early reply.Sincerely yours,Thomas2. Survey the New Opener from the Bark 向银行查询新客户资信情况写作案例详解Dear Sir or Madam,We have received an order for US＄80,000 worth of goods from Delta Co.Ltd,1258 Huston Avenue, New York, , who has given your bank for reference. Could you please tell us if they are good for this amount? Are they trustworthy and reliable? We shall be most grateful for any information you give.Any advice you give us will be kept strictly confidential. We are also pleased to perform a similar service for you should the opportunity come.A stamped and addressed envelope has been included for your reply. Thank you in advance. Sincerely yours,Thomas3. 向客户查询信用及经营情况 Inquiring New Customer’s Credit Information from Customers 写作案例详解Dear Mr. Smith:We have received an important order from Delta Co.Ltd,1258 Huston Avenue, New York, , who has given us your name for reference. We would be much obliged if you could give us some information concerning their business status.Any information you give will be highly appreciated and kept in strict confidence. We shall be pleased to do the same if you should need our services at this end.Yours SincerelyThomas4. 带附表的资信调查函 Credit Survey Letter with Attachment写作案例详解Dear Sir or Madam,We have received a sudden order from the Delta Company,Ltd,1258 Huston Avenue,New York,NY 10051,who gives us your name as a reference. We shall appreciate it if you will spend a couple of minutes informing us of your own experiences with the firm by answering the attached questionnaire and returning it to us in the enclosed envelope.Any information you may give us will be treated as strictly confidential.Thank you for your help.Very truly yours,Thomas(Attached Questionnaire)(1) How long have you been in business relations with the firm?year(s) month(s)(2) What credit limit have you placed on their account?USD(3) How promptly are terms met? (choose one of the following)Very promptly Fairly promptly Slowly(4) What amount is currently outstanding?USD5. 资信调查有利回函 Favorable Letter of Credit Information写作案例详解Dear Thomas,In reply to your inquiry of March 16th,the firm you inquired about enjoys the fullest respect and unquestionable confidence in the business world.They have always provided in-time delivery, moderate prices and superior quality. I am sure that if you open an account with them, you will find them most straightforward people. Personally, I should have no hesitation in according them a credit of US dollars. However, this is without obligation on my part.Hope this will help you in making a decision.Sincerely yours,6. 资信调查不利回函 Unfavorable Letter of Credit Information写作案例详解Dear Thomas,We have received your letter of August 8th,concerning the credit standing of Delta in New York. In the past three years, the company has experienced a serious difficulty in finance and delayed in executing their normal payment. It seems to us that the company’s difficulties are due to bad management and in particular to overtrading.Therefore, we would advise you to pay most careful attention to any business relations with them. However, this is our personal opinion and we wish you would make further inquiries on your part.Yours sincerely7. 表明无法提供确切意见而致歉写作案例详解Dear Thomas,We regret our inability to let you know any information concerning the firm in question in your letter of June 6.It is true that we had business with them several years ago,but the amount of business was not so large as to supply any responsible opinion on its business capability and credit standing. Please make further status inquiries from other inquiry agencies.Truly yours8. 请求老客户作为资信证人 Asking for Credit Information from Old Customers写作案例详解Dear Charlie，Thank you for your letter of August 2,telling us that the equipment you bought from us is running well.As you know,in our line of business,clients always shop around and look for references before they order. Would you please use your experience with us as a reference when our future clients call you?Thank you for your kind words in advance.Look forward to our future cooperation.Best,9. 要求对方提供资信资料 Asking for Credit Information写作案例详解Dear Mr.Bean,Thanks for your order and inquiry on August 1st. Our company has been dealing with electronic equipment for over 20 years. We are confident in offering what you need and providing you the best service.Since it is the first time we contact,we would be highly appreciated if you could supply either the usual trade references,or the name of a bank to which we may refer. We are also glad to provide you the same if needed.We sincerely hope this will be the beginning of a long and pleasant business cooperation. We shall do our best to make it so.Sincerely yours,Thomas10. 同意资信要求 Accepting the Consulting Requirement写作案例详解Dear ThomasThanks for your reply of August 2nd.Concerning your request,we refer you to Falcon Machine Tools Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai and The Chase Bank of New York,who will be pleased to give you the information about our financial standing and creditability of business.If there is any other information we can provide,we would be happy to do so.Sincerely yours,Chapter 2前期准备1. Business Survey业务调查写作案例详解Dear Sirs,We have learned from Smith and Company of Birmingham that you manufacture a range ofhigh-fashion handbags in a variety of leathers.We operate a quality retail business and although our sales volume is not large,we obtain high prices for our goods.Would you please send me a copy of your handbag catalogue with details of your prices and payment terms?We would find it most helpful if you could also supply samples of the various skins from which the handbags are made.Yours faithfully,2. Credit Information Letter咨询信写作案例详解Dear Mr.Jones:We understand from your information posted on that you are in the market for textiles.We would like to take this opportunity to introduce our company and products,with the hope that we may work with Bright Ideas Imports in the future.We are a joint venture specializing in the manufacture and export of textiles.We have enclosed our catalog,which introduces our company in detail and covers the main products we supply at present.You may also visit our online company introduction at which includes our latest product line.Should any of these items be of interest to you,please let us know.We will be happy to give you a quotation upon receipt of your detailed requirements.We look forward to receiving your enquiries soon.Sincerely,John Roberts3. Wishes for Relation Establishment表达建立业务关系的意愿写作案例详解Dear Thomas Murphy:Thank your for your letter of the 16th of this month.We shall be glad to enter into business relations with your company. In compliance with your request, we are sending you,under separate cover,our latest catalogue and price list covering our export range. Payment should be made by irrevocable and confirmed letter of credit. Should you wish to place an order,please telex or fax us.Yours sincerely,4． Accepting and Declining Business Relation Establishment接受/拒绝建立业务关系写作案例详解Dear Mr.Sutherland,We were very pleased to receive your letter of March 26 placing a large order with us. Before we can send the goods,we must ask you for the usual references,one from your bank and one from another firm from whom you have bought goods.We would be glad if you would let us have the names and addresses as soon as possible so that we may write to them.These references will,of course,be treated as private and confidential.We look forward to hearing from you again soon.Yours sincerelyJoe WilsonChapter 3建立商务关系1. Establishment of Business Relation建立商务关系写作案例详解Dear Sirs,A few days ago we had the opportunity to see a display of your products at the Chengdu International Trade Centre，and we were most impressed with their quality and low prices． We should like to offer you our services as a trading firm，and would mention that we have excellent connections in the trade and are fully experienced with the import business for this type of product．In addition，we operate our own advertising agency，and we can use the latest marketing procedures quite efficently．You can be sure of increasing your turnover considerably if you would allow us to promote sales of your products throughout China．We look forward to hearing from you．Sincerely yours，Liyun Liu2. Resume Relation with Old Customers与过去有贸易往来的公司恢复联系写作案例详解Dear Thomas Moore:We understand from our trade contacts that your company has reestablished itself in Beirut and is once again trading successfully in your region.We would like to extend our congratulations and offer our very best wishes for your continued success.Before the war in Lebanon,our companies were involved in a large volume of trade in our textiles.We see from our records that you were among our best long-term customers.We very much hope that we can resume our mutually beneficial relationship now that peace has returned to Lebanon.Since we last traded,our lines have changed beyond recognition.While they reflect current European taste in fabrics,some of our designs are specifically targeted at the Middle Eastern market.As an initial step,I enclose our illustrated catalogue for your perusal.Should you wish to receive samples for closer inspection,we will be very happy to forward them.We look forward to hearing from you. Yours sincerely,David Parker3. Seek for Business Partners寻求合作伙伴写作案例详解Dear Sirs,Shanghai’s rapidly developing manufacturer of Electric Home Products,“Shun Fa”offers you an ideal business opportunity.Years of research and development have earned our company a foremost position in electrical engineering in the East of China.A vast number of applicable patents have helped stimulate our development program over the past several years.Our main lines of products include:TV,portable computer,MP3,MP4,car radio,car stereo,medical instruments,electronic industrial instruments,etc.For information concerning our financial position,credit standing and tradereputations,please refer to the Bank of China,which we have engaged a business relationship with for several years.We are a medium-sized company but we are growing fast and we would like you to be a fort of our future!Shun Fa Electric Co.,Ltd.22 Zhong Yuan Road,Shanghai,ChinaWang HuiGeneral Manager4. Contact Letters between Importers and Exporters进口商与出口商/出口商与进口商的联络信写作案例详解Dear Sirs,Your firm has been recommended to us by John Morris&Co.,with whom we have done business for many years.We specialize in the exportation of Chinese chemicals and pharmaceuticals,which have enjoyed great popularity in world market.We enclose a copy of our catalogue for your reference and hope that you would contact us if any item is interesting to you.We hope you will give us an early reply.Yours faithfully,John EdisonChapter 4业务接触1. Asking for /Sending Samples or information索取/寄送样品或资料写作案例详解Gentleman:We are glad to note from your letter of the 1st March that you,as exporters of Chinese Cotton Piece Goods,are willing to establish direct business relations with us.This happens to coincide with our desire.At present,we are interested in Printing Shirting and shall be pleased if you will kindly send us by airmail catalogues,sample books,and all necessary information regarding Printed Shirting,so as to acquaint us with the material and workmanship of your supplies.Should your price be found competitive and delivery date acceptable,we intend to place a large order with you.Your early reply will be highly appreciated.Yours faithfully,David Parker2. Acting as Agents担任代理(请求，同意和拒绝)写作案例详解Dear Sirs,Thank you for your letter of 12 April proposing a sole agency for our office machines.Having examined our long and mutually beneficial collaboration,we would be very pleased to entrust you with the sole agency for Bahrain.From our records,we are pleased to note that you have two service engineers who took training courses at our Milan factory.The sole agency will naturally be contingent on your maintainingqualified after sales staff.We have drawn up a draft agreement that is enclosed.Please examine the detailed terms and conditions and let us know whether they meet with your approval.On a personal note,I must say that I am delighted that we are probably going to strengthen our relationship.I have very pleasant memories of my last visit to Bahrain when you entertained me so delightfully.I look forward to reciprocating on your next visit to Milan.Sincerely yours,(Signature)3. Requiring/ Agreeing Trial Sales要求/同意试销写作案例详解Dear Sirs,Some of our customers have recently expressed interest in your“Golden Deer”bicycles and enquired about their quality.Provided quality and price are satisfactory there are prospects of good sales here,but before placing an order we should be pleased if you would send us,on fourteen days' approval,a selection of men’s,women’s and children’s bicycles.Any of the items unsold at the end of the period,and which we decide not to keep as stock,would be returned at our expense.Yours faithfully,(signature)Chapter 5价格谈判1. Buyer’s Inquiry买方询盘写作案例详解Dear Sir or MadamWe learned from our common business partner JIAFU Ltd.that your company is one the major exporters of cashmere products in Australia.We are a leading dealer in high-quality textiles in mainland China and are very much interested in importing your goods especially men’s cashmere sweater.We would appreciate your sending us catalogues,sample books or even samples if possible.Please give us detailed information on CIF Dalian Prices,terms of payment and discount you would allow on purchases of quantities of no less than 10,000 pieces.We hope this will be a good start for a long and profitable business relation.Sincerely yours,Mr.Jim Li2. Seller’s Offer买方发盘写作案例详解Dear Mr.Li,We welcome your inquiry dated June 16th and thank you for your interest in our men’s cashmere sweater.In accordance with the instruction given in your last letter,we hereby enclose our illustrated catalogue and price list giving the details you asked for.Also by separate post,we are sending you some samples.We are confident that you would be satisfied with the design and quality. In reply to your inquiry,we take pleasure in making you an offer as follows,provided yourreply reaches us with 10 days from today:Commodity:Men’s Cashmere SweaterQuantity:10,000 piecesPrice:US＄ 20 net per piece CIF DalianShipment:July 2008Payment:irrevocable L/C at sightOn considering the fact that this is our first transaction and the volume you ordered is not small,we would allow you a discount of 5%.We are expecting your early order.Yours faithfully,Ms Judy Jordan3. Buyer’s Counter Offer买方还盘写作案例详解Dear Ms Judy Jordan,We are in receipt of both your offer of June 19 and the catalogue and samples.While appreciating the special design and good quality of your products,we find your price is rather too high for Chinese market.We have to point out that Japan-made men’s cashmere sweater of this quality are available in our market,all of them are at prices about 15% below yours. Such being the case,we have to ask you to consider if you can make reduction in your price,say 15%.As we are ready to purchase many other cashmere products later this year,you may think it worth while to make a concession for a potential big client.We are anticipating your early reply.Sincerely yours,Mr.Jim Li4. Accepting the Offer接受发盘写作案例详解Dear Ms Judy Jordan,Thank you very much for your quotation for your men’s cashmere sweater along with the catalogue and samples.We found both the design and quality of your products meet our requirement and the prices you quoted are satisfactory.We also note that you will allow us a discount of 5% on an order of no less than 10,000 pieces.We therefore take pleasure of placing you the order as follows,which we commend to your immediate and best attention:Quantity Specification Catalogue No Prices10,000 pieces men’s cashmere sweaters XL M10 US＄ 20 eachPlease note that as these goods are urgently required in our market,we should be obliged if you could dispatch the goods as soon as possible.If this first order proves satisfactory,we shall be happy to place further orders with you.Sincerely yours,Mr.Jim Li5. Declining the Offer拒绝发盘写作案例详解Dear Ms Judy Jordan,We acknowledge receipt of both your offer dated June 19 and the mailed catalogue and samples. In reply,we regret to inform you that our clients find your price much too rmation indicates that the said articles of similar quality made in other countries have been sold here at a level about 20% lower than that of yours.We do not deny that the design of your products is slightly better,but the difference in price should in no case be so big.Therefore,we have to order these articles from other companies if you are not able to reduce your price to US＄ 15 each piece.Hope to have better opportunities to cooperate with your company.Sincerely yours,Mr.Jim Li6. Accepting the Counter Offer接受还盘写作案例详解Dear Mr.Jim Li,We want to say how pleased we were to receive your counter offer of June 23.Please note that it was in view of our long term business relationship that we made you such a favorable offer. We confirm supply of 10,000 pieces of men’s cashmere sweaters at the prices stated in your letter and will allow a 5% special discount on your order of 10,000 pieces or above.Our Sales Confirmation No.AB2C in two originals were airmailed to you.Please sign and return one copy of them for our file.It is understood that a letter of credit in our favor covering the said articles should be opened immediately.You may rest assured that we will effect shipment without delay on receipt of your letter of credit.We appreciate your cooperation and look forward to receiving from you further orders. Sincerely yours,Ms Judy Jordan7. Declining the Counter Offer拒绝还盘写作案例详解Dear Mr.Jim Li,Thank you very much for your letter dated June 23 and your appreciation of our products.Much as we would like to cooperate with you in expanding sales,we are regretful that we just cannot see our way clear to entertain your counter offer.Our cost of raw materials has risen sharply in the past three months,and it is impossible for us to reduce the price by 20% as you requested.Ours is the best price if you take the design and quality into consideration.As a matter of fact,we have received many orders from various sources including other Chinese customers at our level.If you see any chance to do better,please let us know.On account of a limited supply available at present,we would ask you to act quickly.We assure you that any further enquiries from you will receive our prompt attention.Sincerely yours,Ms Judy JordanChapter 6价格变动1. Discount折价优惠写作案例详解Dear Sirs，Thank you for your letter of April 18,2008.We now have great pleasure in sending you a copy of our pattern-book and a comprehensive export price-list.As you will be able to see from our sample-book,all the leather gloves we manufacture for export are of very high quality and are suitable for your purposes.We reduced costs by 5%.The prices quoted are very competitive.We feel sure that you will find that they compare very favorably with those quoted by other suppliers elsewhere in the world.We expect payment by L/C payable within 90 days of sight and will allow you a cash discount of 10% if you are able to make payment within 1 month of invoice date.We will be able to ship any order you place with us within 30 days of your firm order.We now look forward to hearing from you.Yours faithfully,J.Kistemaker,Manager2. Advice of Price Increase涨价通知写作案例详解Dear Mr.Smith，Thank you for your letter of October 10 for business copiers.We are now sending you our price-list and catalog of the newest types that are under production and we can supply at once from stock.We want to notice you that prices of copier parts and components have gone up steadily since the second half of the year.Though we have tried hard to keep our quotations down,we are afraid the margin for keeping on going like this will not long.Therefore,we suggest that you will let us have your order before further rises in costs,which will lead to a raise in prices very soon unavoidably.Sincerely yours,Cc:President King3. Sample for Price List价目表范例写作案例详解Company Shenzhen QuananTextile Co.,LTDDetailed Address No.187 Nanshan Street,ShenzhenPost Code 5180000ContactZhang XinJob title General ManagerTelephone No. 1Fax No. 0Mobile No.E-mail AddressReference No. 056Date In March,2008Place of origin ChinaArticle No K42Price ＄ 10 per set FOB Shenzhen FOBPort ShenzhenPayment Terms By irrevocable L/C,100%invoice valueMinimum Order Quantity 1000 setsSize 50cm×80cmSupply Ability: 100000 Piece/Pieces per MonthPackageIn woden casesBrand Name “Hua Sheng”table-clothTime of shipment In April,2008Shipping specifications Showing net and gross weights and dimensions of each package Chapter 7样品的订取与发送1. Order Sample订单样本写作案例详解Dear Mr.Randall,Subject: Order for 10,000 Pairs of Sheep Leather GlovesPlease dispatch to us 10,000 pairs of sheep leather gloves as per the terms started in your offer of March 29.Would you please take special care of the quality and the package of this order? The leather should be of the same quality as that used in the sample.We hope that you can pack each pair in an airtight polythene bag,a dozen pairs of gloves in a box and then 20 boxes to a strong seaworthy wooden case.We will order more if the first order with you proves to be satisfactory. We are enclosing our Purchase Confirmation No.2006-399 in duplicate for your signature.Please sign and return one copy for our file.Upon receipt of your confirmation,an L/C will be issued.Sincerely,Li MingImport Director2. Order Letter订购函写作案例详解Please send to the following items to be shipped by way express,and bill us.The order is contingent on receiving the terms of 2%-30 days:1 doz.linen handkerchiefs:＄ 2.40 4 pair tan pigskin gloves:＄ 12.00 2 doz.Assorted Orlon sport shirts:＄ 72.00 5 pair assorted cotton socks:＄ 2.00TOTAL:%88.40.3. Asking for/ Sending/ Declining Sending Samples索取/同意送付/拒绝送付样品Sample 1写作案例详解We are going to produce a trial piece of all wool suiting according to your sample cutting and written instructions.The sample piece is expected to be accomplished and sent to you by the end of next month.Sample 2写作案例详解As the quality of your woolen sample is not in the range of our current exports,we are prepared to arrange a special production.By our experience,slight changes in its composition arenecessary and will only make the goods superior in quality.We shall then show you the trial sample and see if it can be accepted as a quality standard for bulk shipment.Chapter 8订货1. Accepting the Order接受订单Sample 1写作案例详解Dear SirsWe want to say how pleased we were to receive your order of 15 April for Ladies' and Children’s Shoes.We confirm supply of 1,000 pairs of the shoes at the prices stated in your order No.888 and will allow a 5% special discount on your order worth ＄5,000 or above.Our Sales Confirmation No.BC510 in two originals were airmailed to you.Please sign and return on copy of them for our file.It is understood that a letter of credit in our favor covering the said shoes should be opened immediately.We wish to point out that stipulations in the relative L/C must strictly conform to the stated in our Sales Confirmation so as to avoid subsequent amendments.You may rest assured that we will effect shipment without delay on receipt of your letter of credit.We appreciate your cooperation and look forward to receiving from you further orders. Yours truly,Sample 2写作案例详解Dear Mr.Green:I really appreciate your order for 200 Gem-Con Plastique motorcycle tanks.These will be shipped at once.Thanks,too,for the check!Beginning in June,we’re offering a special discount on the Gem-Con line.In addition to the trade discount of 33.3 percent,we’re giving an extra discount of 5%. A lot of our customers are switching to the Plastique tank as a replacement for original metal equipment.They report hearty endorsements from participants in motorcross competition— that the tanks are very lightweight,but extremely tough.We predict you’ll have a similar endorsement!2． Declining the Order 拒绝订单写作案例详解Thank you for your letter of 20th May concerning your special request.From time to time,we do run special jobs,changing materials and colors for one particular order.But we have to consider many factors before we can accept the order.I have spoken to our production manager,and she has done the costing.I am sorry to report that even if we did the job for you at cost,it would come out well above the price you are willing to pay.I am checking with other manufacturers in the area who are working with the materials you want.They may be able to give you the quality you desire at a fair price.I will get back to you in a few days.We appreciate your business and I am glad you asked us about this job.The next time you have a special need,please ask again.We will try our best to do the job for you.If we cannot,we will attempt to find the best company that can.Sample 2写作案例详解Dear Sirs,Thank you for your order No.458 for tin plate sheets which we received today.We regret that,owing to a shortage of stocks we are unable to fill your order.Moreover,our manufacturers can not undertake to entertain your order for future delivery owing to the uncertain availability of raw materials.We will,however,contact you by telex once supply improves.In the meantime,please feel free to send us your specific enquires for other types of metal sheets.You can be assured of our best attention at all times.Yours faithfullyBrowExport Manager3. Pressing for Order催促下订单写作案例详解Dear Peter,Per conversation by phone few days ago,we know your visiting schedule for inspecting crust leather of“big world”.We’ve already checked this leather,couldn’t find loose grain problem as well as softness having been improved than before.We assure that we can finish and deliver this order according to the prescribed time.We hope that you will come to our company ASAP and appreciate very much your kindly corporation. Best regards.WilliamSample 2写作案例详解We understand that you are the agent for the White Tiger ties.We enclose our order for 1,000 dozens of the White Tiger ties.Please note that we need these goods rather urgently as Christmas is drawing near.If you could supply goods timely for seasons,we would make repeated orders,provided prices are reasonable.Payment for the enclosed order will be made on a draft at sight under our letter of credit opened in your favor on receipt of your confirmation that the goods are sent out,and can be delivered before December 1,2000.4. Confirming the order确认订单写作案例详解Mr.Grover Douglass，289 Kont BoulevardAugusta,SC,SC 28197Dear Mr.Douglass:Thank you for your June 4 order.Everything except the kitchen furniture is already on its way to your home. So that you may begin enjoying your new chairs and table immediately,would you please let me know whether you would like Set 400,which comes with an oval table,or Set 400-A,which comes with a rectangular table.In all other respects,the two sets are the same. It is a pleasure to have this opportunity to be at your service.We look forward to meeting your future needs for high-quality home and garden furniture.。
商务英语写作Chapter Sixteen
Chapter SixteenFormal ReportsBasically a formal report consists of three parts: prefatory, text of report and supplementary.Prefatory partsHalf-title page (Title fly)It contains only the title of report; it adds formality.Title pageA report title page begins with the name of the report typed in uppercase letters (no underscore and no quotation marks). Next comes Presented to (or submitted to) and the name, tile and organization of the individual receiving the report. Lower on the page is Prepared by (or Submitted by) and the author’s name plus any necessary identification. The last item on the tile page is the date of submission. All items after the title are typed in a combination of upper-and lower-case letter.Letter or memo of transmittalA transmittal letter or memo follows the direct pattern and is usually less formal than the report itself. The transmittal letter or memo typically 1) announces the topic of the report tells how it was authorized: 2) briefly describes the project: 3）highlights the report’s findings, conclusions, and recommendations, if the reader is expected to be supportive; and 4 closes with appreciation for the assignment, instruction for the reader’s follow-up actions, acknowledgment of help from others or offers of assistance in answering questions.Table of contentsThe table of contents shows the headings in a report and their page numbers. For short reports you should include all headings. For longer reports you might want to list only first and second-level headings.List of figuresFor reports with several figures or illustrations, you may wish to include a list of figures to help readers locate them. This list may appear on the same page as the table of contents, space permitting. For each figure or illustration, include a tile, and page number.Executive summary or abstractIt summarizes essential elements in a report. Whether you are writing an abstract or an executive summary, its length and complexity will be determined by the report. For example, a 100-page report might require a 10-page summary. A 10-page report might need only one-page summary.Text of reportIntroductionFormal reports begin with an introduction that sets the scene and announces the subject. Don’t skip the introduction because you have included some of its information elsewhere. In introduction you may include:1)Background. Describe events leading up to the problem or need.2)Problem or purpose. Explain the report topic and specify the problem or need that motivatesthe report.3)Significance. Tell why the topic is important. You may wish to quote experts or citenewspapers, journals, books and other secondary sources to establish the importance of the topic.4)Scope. Clarify the boundaries of the report, defining what will be included or excluded.5)Organize. Launch readers by giving them a road map that previews the structure of the report. Beyond these minimal introductory elements, consider adding any of following information that is relevant for your readers: 1) authorization, 2) literature review, 3) sources and methods, and 4) definitions of key terms.BodyThe principal section in a formal report is the body. It discusses, analyzes, interprets, and evaluates the research finding or solution to the initial problem. This is where you show the evidence that justifies your conclusions.ConclusionThis important section tells what the findings mean, particularly in terms of solving the original problem. You may intermix conclusions with the analysis of the findings—instead of presenting the conclusions separately or you may place the conclusions before the body so that busy readers can examine the significant information immediately. Still, you may also combine the conclusions and recommendations.RecommendationsWhen requested you should submit recommendations that make precise suggestions for actions to solve the reported problem. They should evolve from the findings and conclusions. Do not introduce new information in the conclusions or recommendations. As with conclusions, the position of recommendations is somewhat flexible. They may be combined with conclusions, or they may be presented before the body, especially when the audience is eager and supportive. Generally, though, in formal reports, they come last.Supplementary partsAppendixThe appendix contains materials related to the report but not included in the text. Frequently included in appendixes are sample questionnaires and cover letters, sample forms, computer printouts, and statistical formulas; a glossary of terms may be put in an appendix or may stand as a separate supplementary part.Bibliography or referencesThis includes an alphabetical list of sources used in preparing for the report. You must include the author, publication, date of publication, page number, and other significant data for all ideas or quotations used in your report.The most formal, full-dress reports should contain prefatory pages. As reports become shorter and less formal, primary changes occur in the prefatory pages. Informal short report may only have a title page and report text. Your decision of what to be included will be based on the needs of your situation. Those needs are related to report length and the formality of the situation. The longer the problem and the more formal the situation, the more involved the report structure is likely to be. The shorter the problem and the more informal the situation, the less involved the report structure is likely to be.Tips of writing a formal report:Create an outline, including the major headings and subheadings.Prepare the materials carefully and present the facts objectively.Draw conclusions or make recommendations from the information you have gathered. Construct a list of references (bibliography) as you research, plan and write the report.Short ReportsThe short reports forms are by far the most common in business. These are the everyday working reports—those used for routine information reporting that is vital to an organization’s communication. Generally speaking, they have the following characteristics:Little need for introductory informationThese reports typically concern day-to-day problems and are intended for only a few readers who know the problem.Predominance of the direct orderBecause the shorter reports usually solve problems, they are likely to be written in the direct order. By direct order we mean that the report begins with its most important information, usually, the conclusion and perhaps a recommendation.More personal writing stylePersonal writing is common in the shorter reports. That is, the shorter reports are likely to use the personal pronouns “I”, “we”, and “you” rather than only the third person. But write impersonally when your reader prefers it and when the situation is formal.Structurally, the design of informal reports moves from the most important to the least important ideas. Most informal reports begin with a short introduction followed by a summary and then by the discussion. Whether you use a summary or a confined summary / introduction or an introductory followed by a separate summary depends on what your audience will need.Use a combined summary / introduction, if your readers need a brief orientation to the report and then a presentation of highlights.Use summary only, if your readers are familiar with the subject and are expecting the report.Use an introduction and a summary if a) you expect a variety of readers, only some of whom are familiar with the subject. Include a well-developed background section with a heading to indicate that this is, in fact, background. This will allow readers who do not need background on the topic to skip that information.Tips of writing an informal report:Indicated your purpose clearly.Give accurate and objective information.Organize clearly so that the report highlights the main points and leads logically to your conclusions.Questions for comprehension1.What are the major parts of a formal report?2.What are the major differences between formal and informal reports?3.What are the characteristics of shorter reports?4.Discuss the relative importance of the title fly and the title page in a report.5.Describe the role and content of a letter of transmittal.6.Why is personal style typically used in the letter of transmittal?7.Discuss the construction of the executive summary.8.Some reports need little or no introduction; others need a very long introduction. Why is thisso?9.Why do some report problems require introductory coverage of methods of collecting data,historical background and limitations?10.under what circumstances do reports present: a) an ending summary, b) and ending conclusion,and c) an ending recommendation respectively?。
商务英语综合教程(上册)Unit 16 Welcome to the Wired World
Unit 16 Welcome to the Wired World
Text Exercises Related Technical Terms Grammar
Unit 16 Welcome to the Wired World
Text
1 1997 may be the year for the world to catch up with a
vision of a networked future, and the results are shaking up enterprises, economies and governments around the world. Financial markets have moved off paper and onto ether waves; businesses are grabbing at newly globalized markets; and even slow-moving bureaucracies are fingering the Internet, searching for a balance between information and freedom. Starting this week in Davos, Switzerland, 1,200 of the world’s most influential businessmen and politicians---leaders who may not have known a data link from a cuff link a decade ago---will spend six days debating the shape and texture of life in the networked future. An additional journalist, dignitaries and other interested observers will be in attendance.
商务英语写作Chapter 16
How to decide the use of summary and introduction? Use a combined summary / introduction, if your readers need a brief orientation to the report and then a presentation of highlights. Use summary only, if your readers are familiar with the subject and are expecting the report. Use an introduction and a summary if a) you expect a variety of readers, only some of whom are familiar with the subject. Include a well-developed background section with a heading to indicate that this is, in fact, background. This will allow readers who do not need background on the topic to skip that information.
Conclusion This important section tells what the findings mean, particularly in terms of solving the original problem. You may intermix conclusions with the analysis of the findings—instead of presenting the conclusions separately or you may place the conclusions before the body so that busy readers can examine the significant information immediately. Still, you may also combine the conclusions and recommendations.
商务英语听说(第二版)Unit 16 Complaints and Claims
Part C – Conversation
A Claim
Listen to the conversation and complete the following exercises.
Part C – Conversation
Section A Choose the best answer to each of the following questions.
A. 5% of them.
B. 10% of them.
C. 15% of them.
D. 20% of them.
3. Which grade did the buyer order?
A. First grade.
B. Second grade.
C. Third grade.
D. Not mentioned.
( T ) 1. Complaints may be made to the exporter, importer, insurance company or shipping company.
( F ) 2. The party suffering the loss must lodge a claim for compensation.
B. Sell them off.
C. Reject the goods.
D. Not mentioned.
5. Who is responsible for the mistake?
1. What article is the conversation about?
A. Electronic goods.
B. Food.
C. Soybeans.
D. Bicycles.
《高级商务英语写作》参考答案
Advanced Business English WritingSuggested Answers to Task-based ExercisesChapter One1. Information control1). The recommendations should be placed after the conclusions.2). Point 3d should not have been included.Language control1). The style of the sentence,I’ve been asked to… in the Terms of Reference is far too personal.2). In 4b the word must creates a hard tone that is inappropriate for addressing the vice-president of personnel.Presentation techniques1). Conclusions should not be indented in section 5.2). There is inconsistency in bracketing or not bracketing the letters.4. Certain changes should be made to the letter:1) Catherine Porter could address Audrey Maxwell as “Dear Mrs Maxwell”, rather than “Dear Madam”.2) She could use “I” rather than “we”. “We” is a way of hiding behind your company, avoiding responsibility. You should only use it if you really mean the company as a whole.3) She could replace formal expressions like “We acknowledge receipt”with more informal ones.4) She could use the active rather than the passive voice. “I have credited youraccount” rather than “Your account has been credited”. The first sounds friendlier, the second is very impersonal.5) She could be more apologetic about the company’s error. Nothing is more annoying that receiving a letter in which the company admits to having made a mistake but does not bother to apologize.6) She could be more tactful in turning down Mrs Maxwell’s request for compensation. There is no reason not to be firm if the situation calls for it, but you can be firm and friendly.5.To: Forest Guard Corp.Attention: Ms.Wang, Marketing ManagerFax No.: 26435783From: Xiang Yan, Designing Dept.Date: 16 June, 2009Subject: Printing Business CardsPages: ThisDear Ms. Wang,6.From ************************Date 25:7:03 16:06:29To *********************Subject Petty Cash VouchersJohnSome of the staff from your department are still bringing their petty cash vouchers to me. However taken over by Martin in Accounts last month.Please inform your staff that they should deal with Martin in future.Thanks for your help John.Chapter Two2.①e ②c ③a ④b ⑤d ⑥f6. This is an amended version of the previous letter. The staff should feel some sympathy with the company’s situation from the wording of this second attempt. They may feel peeved about the small increase, but they will probably also feel grateful that they still have a job.Chapter Three1.a)Stephen is writing to inform his manager of his resignation. The word resignationin the subject heading “My resignation”and in the first paragraph, “I am writing to inform you of my intention to resign from G & S Holdings.”b)He used polite phrases for the following reasons:●He wants to break the news as gently as possible, to avoid annoying the manager.Staff resignations cause trouble for a manager, as the manager then has to recruit another member of staff, which is a time-consuming, expensive and troublesome process.●He's writing to the Regional Manager, who has a higher status in the company.●He may want a good reference letter.●He may want Katherine Chu to be a referee for him in future.The polite phrases are:●“I have appreciated very much my four years...”●“I have gained valuable experience working within an efficient and professionalteam environment. In particular, I have appreciated your personal guidance...”●“Once again, thank you for your support.”c)“I would like to leave, if possible,..” This is tentative becase it uses a conditionalsentence (conditional sentences use “If” and have a comma in the middle).“I hope that this suggested arrangement is acceptable to the company”. This is tentative because of the word “h ope”.2.a)Hugo wants to present the information logically: what caused the memo, theinvestigation and finally the request for action.(Note: He has cleverly 'hidden' the fact that non-smokers only have a majority of 1 in the middle of the text, emphasizing the request for action and the fact that the memo comes from the Staff Liaison Committee. He is attempting to influence Sandra to implement the request, even though many people voted against it.)b) Bold headings are clearer: the different parts are separated and summarized.3.To: Ovations Management TeamFrom: Daniel Bush, managerDate: June 3, 2003Subject: Welcoming John SmithI am pleased to announce that John Smith has agreed to join the Ovations Management Team as a senior vice president reporting to me. John joins us as we explore additional strategies relating to our Evercare business, including end-of-life care and the comprehensive health services that are needed to assist terminally ill individuals and their families.We are very fortunate to have John’s leadership as we expand our scope for growth. John has demonstrated strong leadership in creating and implementing business strategies, medical practice management and new business development. He has been with UnitedHealthcarenew provider networks within UHN. Prior to joining UnitedHealthcare, John worked in Colorado and Tennessee with4.MEMOTo:Katherine Chu, Regional ManagerFrom:Stephen Yu, SalesDate:28 April 2012Subject:Notification of My ResignationI am writing to inform you of my intention to resign from G & S Holdings.I have appreciated very much my four years working for the company. The training has been excellent and I have gained valuable experience working within an efficient and professional team environment. In particular, I have appreciated your personal guidance during these first years of my career.I feel now that it is time to further develop my knowledge and skills base in a different environment.I would like to leave, if possible, in a month's time on Saturday, 1 June. This will allow me to complete my current workload. I hope that this suggested arrangement is acceptable to the company.5.(a)The subsidiary’s financial statements showed worrying trends in its business. Ananalysis of the movements in the sales and costs figures is to be prepared by 18 October 2009.Action: Lindsay Yeong (b)The price of coffee has increased and this has made it necessary to raise the priceof a cup of coffee from $15 to $20 from 10 May 2010.(c)The proposed timetable for the interim and final audit is attached to these minutes.It may be difficult to meet the deadline for the final audit because the chief accountant (Vivien Yeung) is on holiday for the first week. This will be looked at in more detail by 11 April 2009.Action: Ben Suen 6.Minutes of 10th meeting of the Hall Extension Committee held on Tuesday, 11 January 2008, 7pm, Ramsgate Library.Present: Colin Bates (chairman)Mary Chin (treasurer)Andrew WongNicholas LongSimon Lee (Council)Bob Black (Red Cross)Ann Cheung (PricewaterhouseCoopers Senior Associate)Apologies were received from Alan Suen and Susan Wan.Minutes of lat meeting1.Item 4 of the minutes of the last meeting was amended to read “subject to approval atthe AGM”, after the words “the committee agreed”. The minutes were signed by the chairman on behalf of the meeting.Matters arisingOpening ceremony2.The Chief Executive has refused the invitation to open the hall extension as he is onholiday. The Chief Executive suggested Anson Chan as a replacement for him. Mary Chin will contact her.Action: Mary Chin Treasurer’s report3.The treasurer’s report (attached) was discussed. It was agreed that a provision of HK$130,000 should be made for the damage to the Director’s car, in accordance with the solicitor’s letter.Publicity4.The Apple Daily are to be invited to do an article on the Hall to attract local interest.Action: Andrew WongCheese and wine party5. A cheese and wine party for the committee is being held on 3 February, 7pm at theTaverner’s Arms. A list of attendees is to be prepared.Action: Mary ChinDate of next meeting6.The next meeting will be held on Wednesday, 8 March 2008, 8pm in the CommitteeRoom, Ramsgate Library.Chairman11January 2008Chapter Four1.2.3 4.5.Chapter Five 1.IntroductionThe aim of this proposal is to examine how we could enhance our companysituation and the disadvantages of the improvements recommended.Description of the bad publicityUnfortunately, a whistle-blower recently provided the local newspaper with information about the production of our newest product. They accused our organization of using chemical ingredients which could damage the health of clients.Presented problemsNow we have to face the problem that we could lose the trust of our customers.Consequently, we could have a sharp decrease in sales and profits.2.To: Mr. Carter, Managing DirectorFrom: John Michael, Head of the Administrative DepartmentDate: Feb.23, 2011The aim of this proposal is to summarize the strengths and weaknesses of the current website, and recommend new services and information to be provided through the website.Strengths:Our website can streamline business processes to improve operating efficiencies. Based on information provided by current website, we can analyze past customer behavior to anticipate customersWe now have greater ability to offer goods and services to the consumer over the Web. We can present goods more effectively, take orders and 3.To: The Managing DirectorThe proposal is for the possibility of producing a promotional brochure to publicize the company abroad.With quick globalization in the new IT age we have to make known our company in the international market.The following contents are recommended for the brochure.brief introduction of the company historyrange of existing and possible new productswebsite addresslist of our clients and business associates4.IntroductionThis proposal aims at showing why employee loyalty has deteriorated and suggesting ways of improving the current situation.Current situationA survey among the employees has shown the low employee loyalty.Unsatisfactory salaries and not enough fringe benefits are some of the real reasons for this problem. It is generally felt that the company competitors offer higher levels of remuneration.There appears to be a lack of information and resources needed for employees to do a good job. They also lack the necessary skills to meet the requirements of the job.Measures5.IntroductionThis proposal aims at preparing a detailed program of activities for a group of business people from the foreign trade delegation who will visit our company next month.FindingsAfter serious consideration, I have arranged a series of activities for them. Firstly, I will show them around our company, especially some main departments, to show our corporate culture to them. Meanwhile, I would introduce our companyfor the guests. Secondly, some business lectures would be carried out for the purpose of better communication between two sides. These lectures are given by business experts who are invited honorably. I am sure this will have a significant influence on the cooperation in the future.Recommendations and ConclusionsChapter Six1.2.3.4.5.建立于1998年的艾伦鞋业有限公司是一家专门从事运动鞋类生产和销售的公司，涉及诸如耐克、艾迪达斯、彪马、锐步等多个品牌。
商务英语阅读课后习题答案-chapter
Chapter 1二、短语翻译。
英翻汉Sluggish economy 萧条的经济Full employment 充分就业Trade deficit 贸易赤字in-depth analysis 深入的分析Industrialized countries 工业化free-trade agreement 自由贸易协定international specialization国际专业化product differentiation 产品差别trade surplus 贸易盈余determinative factor 决定性因素三、汉翻英经济双赢economic win-win 关税壁垒tariff barrier收入不平等wage inequality 劳动生产率labor productivity解雇工人lay off works 生产要素factor of production双边协议bilateral deal 回归分析regression analysis市场准入market access 世界经济复world economic recovery四. Translation1. The monitoring system will finally substitute the US Government’s cap on cigar imports from Cuba.2. The quarrel between Mexico and the US will be no avail and it may disrupt the lifting of the agricultural tariffs under the North American Free Trade Agreement.3. An economic cooperation business forum, which will discusshow to minimize the negative impact of global economic imbalance adjustment on China, will take place shortly before the ministerial conference.4. Few Americans attribute this to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or business cycle.5. Recent research has shed light on the fact that there are heavy financial and political costs associated with the measures necessary to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases.6. There are rumors that the government struck a private deal with the corporation’s chairman last month.7. The opposition is exerting pressure on the US government to change the policy towards textile imports.8. Since the establishment of the bilateral free-trade agreement, the emerging economy has always been at the forefront of science and technology.9. In general, floating exchange rates are supposed to insulate countries from persistent differences in inflation with their trading partners.10. According to conservative estimates, by 2010, China’s import and export volume with North America and the EU would surpass $400 billion respectively, with ten ASEAN countries exceeding $200 billion.五、完形填空1.manufacturingpetitive3.deficit4.budget5.expanding6.recovery7.revival8.emerging9.innovation 10.propertyChapter2二、consumer-goods 消费品discount retailers折扣零售商brand equity 品牌资产价值advertising budget 广告预算real-time sales data 实时销售数据sales promotion促销profit margin 盈利scanner data扫描数据三、汉翻英价格溢价price premium 基线销售base-line sales减价price reductions 广告支出advertising spending营销组合marketing mix 销量溢价quantity premium产品数量（种类）product-line variety 美元分配allocation of dollars四. 翻译1. The government has allocated $ 0.1billion to the development and utilization of renewable energy in the rural areas.2. We should not develop the Western region at the expense of environment. Therefore the government has been following a sustainable development road attaching equal importance toeconomic development and environment protection.3. As a big responsible nation, China will strictly be abide by the WTO rules and honor its commitments.4. The rapid growth in China’s grain production can be ascribed to the fact that the Chinese government has implemented a series of reform policy and measures in the rural areas, such as raising the prices of grain purchased by the state.5. In the globalization era, not all countries play on the level playground. Some developing countries have to adhere to some marketing principles, or even accede to the requests of some governments.6. Over the past year, the global investment demand was on the wane; the major world currencies suffered swift turbulence and some emerging markets underwent severe financial crisis.7. Networks fundamentally alter the nature of competition and level the playing field, especially for smaller business regardless of the barriers like time and distance.8. Through micro credit projects, with the credit available on demand, farmers are able to pay back both the principle and interest in time.9. China’s vigorous economic development is indicative of the fact that China has become one of the countries that enjoy the highesteconomic growth speed in the world.10. With the reform of the wholly state-owned commercial banks, when some qualified commercial banks seek listing in the stock market, others certainly will follow suit.五、完形填空1.blame2.damaged3.short-term4.building5.profiability6.arm7.boosts8.orientation9.moreover 10.loweringChapter3二. Privileged minority 享有特权的少数人Gas station加油站Marketing research 市场调查Professional competence 专业技能A sales point 卖点Product design 产品设计Potential consumer潜在顾客Business disaster 商业灾难三、汉翻英日常生活daily life 广告活动advertising campaigns物理特征physical characteristic 视觉想象visual imagination国媒体national media 销售增长sales increase销售渠道distribution system产品到导向型的广告product-orientated advertising四. 翻译1. Experts have attributed the main cause of the company’s poor performance to its poor HR functions, especially the appointmentof the senior management.2. British Airways intends to create a more flexible and modern corporate culture through the relocation3. Rumors about redundancy make the company at its worst in terms of morale ever since its foundation.4. After financial scandals, many companies can only resort to charity activities to improve their corporate image.5. Politicians should not engage in business affairs that might affect their political judgment.6. As a sleeping partner of the enterprise, he is entitled to share the profits, but is deprived of participating in its management.7. After watching this interview, she realizes how difficult it is to be a venture capitalist. For one thing, you need to have the money; for another, you need to have the insight to pick the right(promising) start-ups.8. T o enter a specific market, in addition to acquiring sufficient knowledge about our target customers, we also need to know about the local policies and abide by them.9. With the efforts of these university students, it was brought to light that this world-famous multinational had established some sweat factories in China.10. In a time when customers change constantly and rapidly intheir needs, only companies who are quick to respond can survive and succeed in the end.五、完形填空1.sincere2.privileged3.led4.constitutes5.intellectual6.resort7.instead8.reduce9.clients 10.divertChapter4三. Phrase Translation1. 人口流动2. 供应商网络3.标准零配件4. 特殊制造技术3.互补经济体 6.反日情绪7. 外方合作人, 外国附属公司8.上市企业并购mergers and acquisition海外扩overseas expansion全球化战略globalization strategy保护主义措施protectionist measures市场准入access to market知识产权intellectual property right贸易伙伴trading partners资本投入capital investment四. 翻译1. Vendors now offer systems that work only with their hardware, but they are trying to make their equipment integrate with other’s hardware.2. Agricultural exports, by contrast, respond immediately, growing at an annual rate of 17.7 percent in 1980 and 1981.3. This book takes a strategic view of business and develops the ability to take a multidisciplinary approach to managing a business and resolving problems and issues.4. Thanks to the recession and 9/11, Mayor Michael Bloomberg must contend with a whopping budget deficit projected to 60 billion.5. Dispose of batteries properly. Do not throw them into fire or expose to high temperature.6. In the future, in addition to syndicating our groups’ efforts, we will ally with foreign companies to leverage advantages and enhance global competitiveness.7. We are certain that in due course of time, the economic reforms will have brought about results and benefits that will go beyond China’s boundaries.8. One of the major banks has lowered its interest rate and the other bank is expected to follow suit.9. During these quarterly meetings, it’s the boss’s responsibility to respond to each manager’s plan.10. We will put in place a new order of the socialist market economy through completing the market system and rectifying and regulating the market behavior.五、完形填空1. ambivalent,2.integration3. hindered4. from5. by.6. shortage,7. options8. acquisitions9. strategy 10. allianceChapte r 5三、汉翻英上市公司对…随时留意, 小心提防会计师事务所国外子公司经济规划的持观望态度(财务)调帐报告业绩评定指标/方法Generally accepted accounting principles revenue recognitionIncome statement earnings per share Managing director credit-rating agenciesFinance chiefs/executives institutionalinvestors四. 翻译1. Escal ating costs have almost wiped out the company’s profits from last year.2. This area is studded with bars all vying for customer attention. But it’s not easy to pin down what exactly it is that pleases customers the most.3. The project team decided to adhere to its original plan despite the appalling weather.4. At the press conference, the PR manager reiterated that the company’s operation has returned to normal. However, many private shareholders remain skeptical about such claims.5. The new labor law, which took effect last year, is likely to raise the labor cost of a considered number of enterprises6. The less senior employees are reluctant to express their views or make any suggestions because they don’t think their ideas will really be put into practice.7. Local relief organizations have also embarked on fund-raising campaigns so as to provide more financial support for the earthquake victims.8. Up to 30 companies submitted their request for price rises, but most of them didn’t stand a chance of getting approval from theregulatory agency.9. The decision-makers seem to have already given up on the reform program though its initiators are still trying hard to elicit support from other stakeholders.10. The new model, which has just been released onto the market recently, is being touted as the most energy-efficient and environmentally-friendly product of its kind.五、完形填空1. toll2.leveraged3. grips4. shaping5.counterpart6. joint7.potential8. with9.light 10. transparent 11. responses 12. onChapter 8三、汉翻英公司未来愿景消减成本利用资源投资组合untapped niches 尚未被竞争者发现的市场机会convenience stores 便利店market segments 市场细分premium brand 高端品牌实施战略execute strategy竞争优势competitive advantage实证研究empirical studies核心品牌core brand分销系统distribution system控股公司 a holding company文化冲突culture clashes股东财富shareholders wealth四. 翻译1. The management believes that its existing manufacturing and marketing expertise can be leveraged with the new business.2. Jack Welch, General Electric chairman, was universally acclaimed as one of the most successful manager in the 20th century.3. The Japanese company is unanimous in its support of divestiture since the acquired business unit is destroying the corporate value.4. This study reveals several fault lines that companies frequently encounter as they execute their corporate strategy.5. Problems arose at the very outset when Anheuser Busch acquired Eagle Snacks.6. AT&T put up with losses in NCR almost from the start, butcontinued to subsidize it.7. Mattel expected to derive above-average profitability from the acquisition of The Learning Company.8. We must bear in mind that a corporate strategy must be constantly evaluated and divestiture decisions made before it is too late.9. AT&T realized that telecom equipment is not identical to computer technologies.10. We can’t view the fai lure of the acquisition strategy in isolation. It’s the result of a combination of several factors, rather than unidimensional.五、完形填空1.acquisitions .2.executing3.divestiture4.at5. on6.plunged7.that8.synergies9.core 10.premium。
商务英语写作An Overview of Business English
Directions: Revising Box
Does my writing include every element of a business letter? Am I clear about my writing purpose? Have I made effective use of layout and white space in the letter? Have I sorted out the facts appropriately? Have I organized the content logically? Have I written it concisely and politely? Have I checked everything including grammar, punctuation and spelling?
3. What are the business writing procedures?
Five-steps
1) Preparing Objective, Reader, Main points 2) Formatting Layout of the document 3) Organizing Gathering information, sorting details, and making outlines.
Example
Dear Sirs, we are sorry you have misunderstood us. (×) Dears Sirs, we are sorry we didn’t make ourselves clear. (√) We cannot understand why you have had trouble with these articles. (×) We presume that there must be some reasons for you having trouble with these articles. (√)