2020年高考英语第二轮复习 阅读理解判断推理型

英语阅读理解专项训练---判断推理型判断推理型１这类题主要考查学生根据文章字面意思及语篇逻辑关系，从而看出细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等的能力。

判断推理题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。

做这类题时，应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理和判断。

提问整篇文章或某段某句的含蓄意思时，问句中一般都含有infer, imply, indicate, suggest（推断，暗指）等词。

对付这类题时不仅要弄懂文章的字面意思，还要知道其潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示，同时要对它们作合理的猜测。

考核考生对整个语篇进行推理分析的能力时，通常是以下列方式提出问题的：1.From Paragraph 4 we can infer that ______.2.What can be inferred from the passage?3.We can infer from the text that … ?4.What can we learn from … ?5.We can conclude from the passage that ______ .6.We can conclude that...7.The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that ______ .8.The author implies that _______ .9.The writer suggests that...10.By asking a series of questions in Para 5, the author mainly intends to indicate that ________.考核考生对作者观点、态度及语气、语调的理解时，常见的设问有：1.What does the author think of...?2.How does the author feel about...?3.What's the tone of this passage?4.The purpose in writing this text is to ______.5.The author writes this passage to ________.6.The author in this passage intends to _____.7.The author’s attitude toward … is ______ ?解题技巧：1) 判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。

切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意。

2) 全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。

3) 善于揣摩作者思路，尽可能与作者的思路吻合。

4）不可直接选取文中的原句。

Passage 1Around the world more and more people are takin g part in dangerous sports and activities. Of course, there have always been people who have looked for adventure--- those who have climbed the highest mountains, traveled into unknown parts of the world or sailed in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are people who look for an immediate excitement from a risky activity, which may only last a few minutes or even seconds. I would consider bungee jumping （蹦极跳）to be a good example of such an activity. You jump from a high place (perha ps a bridge or a hot air balloon) 200 meters above the ground with an elastic （有弹性的）rope tied to your ankles. You fall at up to 150 kilometers an hour until the rope stops you from hitting the ground. It is said that about 2 million people around the worl d have now tried bungee jumping. Other activities which most people would say as risky as bungee jumping include jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of high cliffs. Why do people take part in such activities as these? Some psychologists （心理学家）suggest that it is because life in modern societies has become safe and boring. Not very long ago, people's lives were constantly in danger. They had to go out and hunt for food, diseases could not easily be cured and life was a continuous battle for survival （生存）.Nowadays, according to many people, life offers little excitement. They live and work in comparatively safe conditions; they buy food in shops; and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill. The answ er for some of these people is to look for danger in activities such as bungeejumping.1.The writer of the text has a ____ attitude （态度）towards dangerous sports.A. positive （肯定的）B. negative （否定的）C. neutral （中立的）D. nervousCPassage 2Since my retirement（退休）from teaching music in 2001,I have spent a good deal of time painting as an artist. I actually began drawing again in the summer of 1995 when my lather died. so perhaps I was trying to recover from the loss of my father, or maybe it was just that it brought back memories of him. In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes（风景画）much influenced（影响）by Krenkel and St. John for five years.For some strange reason, I had been waiting until my retirement to start doing watercolors again, but as soon as I walked out of the school door for the last time I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favorite artist. I had looked through all the art books I had on my shelves and found his watercolors to be the closest to how I thought good watercolors should look. So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting. However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, showing my paintings at a number of art exhibitions.Art is now together with my piano playing and reading. There is a time for everything in my world, and it is wonderful to have some time doing what I want to do. As Confucius once said, "At seventy I can follow my heart's desire."1.We can infer from the text that the author ____.A .had been taught by Krenkel and St. JohnB. painted landscapes in Minnesota for 5 yearsC. believed Wyeth to be the best in watercolorsD. started his retirement life at the age of seventy2.How does the author probably feel about his life as an artist?A. Very enjoyable.B.A bit regretful.C. Rather busy.D. Fairly dull.CAPassage 3I was the middle child of three, but there was a gap of five years on either side, and I hardly saw my father before I was eight. For this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely. I had the lonely child’s habit of making up stories and holding conversations with imaginary persons, and I think from the very start my literary ambitions（文学志向）were mixed up with the feeling of being isolated（孤独）and undervalued. I knew that I had a natural ability with words and a power of facing unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created a sort of private world in which I could get my own back for my failure in everyday life.However, the quantity of serious writing which I produced all through my childhood would not add up to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation. I cannot remember anything about it except that it was about a tiger and the tiger had “chair-like teeth” - a good enough expression. At eleven, when the war of 1914-18 broke out, I wrote a poem which was printed in the local(地方的）newspaper, as was another, two years later, on the death of Kitchener. From time to time, when I was a bit older, I wrote bad and usually unfinished “nature poems”. I also, about twice, attempted a short story which was a failure. That was the total of the would-be serious work that I actually set down on paper during all those years.1. From the text, we learn that as a little boy the writer .A. had no playmatesB. showed his gift for writingC. put out lots of poems and storiesD. got his first poem published in 19162.What can be inferred about the writer?A.He was least favoured in his family.B.He had much difficulty in talking with others.C.He had an unhappy childhood for lack of care.D.His loneliness resulted in his interest in writing..B DPassage 4I was 9 years old when I found out my father was ill. It was 1994, but I can remember my mother's words as if it were yesterday: “Kerrel, I don't want you to take food from your father,because he has AIDS. Be very careful w hen you are around him.”AIDS wasn't something we talked about in my country when I was growing up. From then on, I knew that this would be a family secret. My parents were not together anymore, and my dad lived alone. For a while, he could take care of himself. But when I was 12, his condition worsened. My father's other children lived far away, so it fell to me to look after him.We couldn't afford all the necessary medication for him, and because Dad was unable to work, I had no money for school supplies and often couldn't even buy food for dinner. I would sit in class feeling completely lost, the teacher's words muffled as I tried to figure out how I was going to manage.I did not share my burden (负担) with anyone. I had seen how people reacted to AIDS. Kids laughed at classmates who had parents with the disease. And even adults could be cruel. When my father was moved to the hospital, the nurses would leave his food on the bedside table even though he was too weak to feed himself.I had known that he was going to die, but after so many years of keeping his condition a secret. I was completely unprepared when he reached his final days. Sad and hopeless, I called a woman at the nonprofit National AIDS Support. That day, she kept me on the phone for hours. I was so lucky to find someone who cared. She saved my life.I was 15 when my father died. He took his secret away with him, having never spoken about AIDS to anyone, even me. He didn't want to call attention to AIDS. I do.1. Why did Kerrel keep her father's disease a secret?A. She was afraid of being looked down upon.B. She thought it was shameful to have AIDS.C. She found no one willing to listen to her.D. She wanted to obey her mother.2. Why did Kerrel write the passage?A. To tell people about the sufferings of her father.B. To show how little people knew about AIDS.C. To draw people's attention to AIDS.D. To remembered her father.ACPassage 5A study of English learning problems was carried out among a total of 106 foreign students. It shows that most students considered understanding spoken English to be their bigger problem on arrival. This was followed by speaking, Writing increased as a problem as students discovered difficulties in writing papers that they were now expected to hand in. Reading remained as a significant（显著的）problem.The information signed helped up in determining where special attention should be paid in our course. Although many students have chosen to join the course with a reasonable motivation （动机）,we considered it important to note what seemed to encourage interest. Nearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching in their own country. To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation, especially if it has failed in the pest. Therefore a different method may help because it is different.Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining（保持）or increasing motivation Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout, but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest by about halfway through the ten weeks. This led up to a major re-think, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students.1.Writing became a bigger problem when foreign students ____.A. had to writs their papersB. became better at speakingC. became less interested in readingD. had fewer problems with listening2.We may infer from the last two paragraphs that ____.A. different teaching methods should be usedB. grammar-based teaching seems to be encouragingC. English courses are necessary for foreign studentsD. teaching content should be changed halfwayAA判断推理型2一、对文章的体裁和来源作出判断考试大纲就明文规定：体裁避免单一化，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。