中考英语语法复合句
初中英语语法主从复合句

初中英语语法主从复合句主从复合句是指由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。
从句在句子中充当一个名词、形容词或副词的角色。
主从复合句的主句表示一个完整的意思,而从句则依附在主句中,充当主句的一个组成部分。
以下是主从复合句的几种常见类型:1. 名词从句名词从句在句子中充当主句的宾语、主语、表语或介词宾语等角色。
例如:- I know [that she is my friend].(宾语从句)- [What you said] makes sense.(主语从句)- His hope is [that he will win the game].(表语从句)- She is interested in [what you are doing].(介词宾语从句)2. 定语从句定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,通常用来提供额外的信息。
通常由关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)引导。
例如:- The boy [who is sitting over there] is my classmate.- This is the book [that I bought yesterday].- The woman [whose car was stolen] reported it to the police.3. 状语从句状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词,提供额外的信息。
常见的状语从句有时间状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句和方式状语从句等。
例如:- She went to bed [after she finished her homework].(时间状语从句)- He failed the exam [because he didn't study].(原因状语从句)- They are so tired [that they can't walk anymore].(结果状语从句)- If it rains tomorrow, [we will stay at home].(条件状语从句)- He did it [in the way that she had instructed].(方式状语从句)以上是主从复合句的几种常见类型,。
初中英语-复合句详解

初中英语-复合句详解我选择介绍初中英语中的语法——复合句。
复合句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。
本文将从从句的类型、从句的引导词、从句的位置等方面进行详细介绍,并提供相应例题进行解析。
一、从句的类型1. 名词性从句:名词性从句可以在句子中充当名词的角色,例如主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
名词性从句通常由连词that, whether或wh-疑问词引导,例如:主语从句:That he is coming is good news. (他来了是个好消息。
)宾语从句:I know that he is coming. (我知道他来了。
)表语从句:The fact is that he is coming. (事实是他来了。
)同位语从句:The news that he is coming is good. (他来了是好消息。
)2. 形容词性从句:形容词性从句通常用来修饰名词或代词。
形容词性从句通常由关系代词引导,例如:The book which/that I bought yesterday is very interesting. (我昨天买的书很有趣。
)3. 副词性从句:副词性从句用来修饰句子中的动词、形容词或副词,通常由连词引导,例如:When he comes, we will have dinner together. (他来的时候,我们一起吃晚饭。
)I am happy because I passed the exam. (我很开心,因为我通过了考试。
)二、从句的引导词1. 连词:连词用于连接主句和从句,常见的连词有:that、whether、if、because、since、although、while、when、where、because等。
例如:I know that she is coming. (我知道她来了。
)2. 关系代词:关系代词用于引导形容词性从句,常见的关系代词有:who、whom、whose、which、that等。
初中英语复合句

初中英语语法---复合句本部分内容是中考中必考及常考考点。
考点详解:从句的概念:一个句子在另一个句子中充当成分,充当什么成分就做什么状语。
一、宾语从句1、宾语从句的引导词➢宾语从句是陈述句时,常用that引导,that无意义,在口语中和非正式与中常省略。
如:The teacher tells us (that) we will have an English test tomorrow.➢如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。
一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只用whether。
如:I don’t know if\whether she will come here.Sorry, I don’t know whether he will come or not➢宾语从句是特殊疑问词时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。
如:Could you tell me where the post office is ?The teacher asked the students what they were doing.2、宾语从句的时态➢主句的时态是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。
如:Do you know who was talking with at 8 o’clock last night?➢主句的时态为一般过去时,从句的谓语动词要用相应的某一过去时态。
如:He told me that he had been to England twice.➢从句表示的是客观真理、普遍现象,自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。
如She said the sun rises in the east.3、宾语从句的语序➢在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句要使用陈述句语序,“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。
如:I want to know when the train left.➢由do,does,did构成的疑问句,在装换成宾语从句时,要去电do,does,did,且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。
初中英语中考 语法专题过关 专题十三 复合句

考点 宾语从句
考点1 考点2 考点3
易失分点 (1)"What's wrong/the matter(with sb.)?"作宾语从句时,其本身就是陈 述语序。如: He asked me what was the matter with you. 他问我你怎么了。 (2)当两个或多个由that引导的宾语从句由并列连词and连接时,除第 一个从句中的that可省略外,其余从句中的that都不可省略。如: He said (that) the book was interesting and that all the children liked reading it. 他说这本书很有趣,并且所有孩子都喜欢读。
①He asked me whose coat it was. 在从句中作一定
他问我这是谁的外套。②Do you 成分,如:主语、宾
know who broke the window? 你知 语、定语等
道是谁打碎了窗户吗?
考点 宾语从句
考点1 考点2 考点3 考点4
引导词
作用
连接副词:when, where, how, why 等
在宾语从句中,当谓语动词是think, believe, expect等表示"认为,猜想"的词时,若要否定宾 语从句,一般将主句变成否定句,即"否定前移"。如: I think they will lose the match. 我认为他们将会输掉这场比赛。(变为否定句)→ I don't think they will lose the match. 我认为他们不会输掉这场比赛。
中考英语语法知识专题(15)复合句ppt课件(含答案)

B.whether Yao Ming would play for Rockets or not
C.how I can keep myself safe from the flu
10
3.(2016·中考改编)The exchange students will leave soon.We had better ask our
目的状语从句
让步状语从句
so that,in order that
though/although,even if/though, whatever,whenever...
3
that 和which用法口诀(定语从句中)
that,which可互换,下列情况不替换。 that情况比较多,不妨对你说一说。 不定代词这一伙,全用that准没错。 先行词前被限制,千万不要用which。
第三篇
语法知识专题
复合句
第十五节
由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句构成的句子叫复合句。 分为宾语从句、定语
从句和状语从句。
(一)宾语从句:在句子中起宾语作用的从句。 时态 语序 (1)主句是过去时,从句用相应的过去时态 (客观真理除外)
(2)主句是一般现在时,从句的时态根据具体情况确定
从句一律用陈述语序,即“主语+谓语” (1)that无实际含义,可省略
A.that
B.which
C.whose
3.(2016·中考改编)—Who is your new head teacher this semester? —The woman________is wearing a red skirt.( A )
A.who
C.whose
D.which
13
初中英语-复合句

初中英语-复合句初中英语语法--复合句本部分内容是中考中必考及常考考点。
考点详解:从句的概念:一个句子在另一个句子中充当成分,充当什么成分就做什么状语。
一、宾语从句1、宾语从句的引导词宾语从句是陈述句时,常用that引导。
在口语中和非正式语言中,可以省略that。
例如:___ us (that) we will have an English test tomorrow.如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来,其引导词用if或whether。
一般情况下,二者可以通用,但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时,只用whether。
例如:I don’t knowif/whether she will come here。
Sorry。
I don’t know whether hewill come or not.宾语从句是特殊疑问词时,引导词就是特殊疑问词。
例如:Could you tell me where the post office is。
The teacher asked the students what they were doing.2、宾语从句的时态主句的时态是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。
例如:Do you know who was talking with at 8 o’clock last night?主句的时态为一般过去时,从句的谓语动词要用相应的某一过去时态。
例如:___ me that he had been to ___.从句表示的是客观真理、普遍现象、自然现象时,从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。
例如:She said the sun rises in the east.3、宾语从句的语序在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句要使用陈述句语序,“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。
例如:I want to know when the train left.从句原因状语从句结果状语从句比较状语从句方式状语从句地点状语从句1、疑问句转宾语从句当疑问句由do。
中考英语语法专题 复合句
第2部分 语法突破
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3.在下列情况中用who: (1)当先行词指人且是one,ones,someone或anyone时。 ①—Do you know the boy over there?
—The one who is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil. ——你认识那边那个男孩吗? ——那个拿着球的男孩?他是我的邻居,菲尔。 ②Anyone who is a server or who has been one knows that customers always come first. 任何一个服务员或者做过服务员的人都知道顾客是 上帝。
物
人 人、物
第2部分 语法突破
返回目录
①I will never forget the people___w__h_o_/t_h_a_t _helped me a lot during
my hard time. 我永远都不会忘记那些在我困难的时候帮助过我的人。 ②(2021河南语篇填空节选)I stay in a modern hotel ___th_a_t_/w__h_ic_h___
②Before you ask someone for help, find out ___w_h_e_t_h_er__ he is the right person for your problem. 在你向别人寻求帮助之前,先搞清楚他 能不能解决你的问题。
第2部分 语法突破
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2.宾语从句的语序 从句常用陈述语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语(+其他)”。 I don’t know where he lives.我不知道他住在哪里。
(4)如果复合句中宾语从句很长,可以用it作形式宾语。 We were all surprised when he made it clear that he would leave the company soon. 当他确定了要离开公司的时候,我们都感到吃惊。
中考英语语法语法专项之复合句
意为“是否”,不作句子成分,但不 He asked me if/whether Miss Wei was a
能省略
teacher. 他问我魏小姐是否是一名教师。
连接代词what, 在从句中作一定的成分,如:主语、I don’t know what they are going to do.
which, who,
一、宾语从句
拓展:
1. if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句的区别 if在ask, wonder, know等动词后,当“是否”讲,引导宾语从句时,从句时态与语意 相关;if当“如果”讲,引导条件状语从句时,主从句时态遵循“主将从现”原则。 I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道明天他是否会来。(宾语从句) If he comes, I will tell you. 如果他来,我将告诉你。(条件状语从句) 2. when引导的宾语从句和时间状语从句的区别 when引导宾语从句时,意为“何时”,从句时态与语意相关;when引导时间状语从 句时,意为“当...时候”,主从句时态遵循“主将从现”原则。 I wonder when my father will arrive in Beijing. 我想知道我爸爸什么时候到北京。 (宾语从句) He will call me when he arrives. 他到的时候会给我打电话。(时间状语从句)
一、宾语从句
2. 时态
需要性原则
呼应性原则 特殊性原则
当主句是一般现在时, 从句的时态不作限制, 根据句子的需要使用任 何一种时态。
He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work
later. 他说稍后他将请胡先生给吉姆一些工作。
英语语法句式zhongkao
英语语法句式zhongkao
中考英语语法句式主要包括以下几种:
1.简单句:只有一个主语和一个谓语的句子,如“I love music.”(我
爱音乐。
)
2.并列句:由两个或两个以上的简单句通过并列连词(如and, but,
or等)连接而成的句子,如“I like reading, but I don't like sports.”
(我喜欢阅读,但我不喜欢运动。
)
3.复合句:由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子,如“I know
that he is coming tomorrow.”(我知道他明天会来。
)其中,“I
know”是主句,“that he is coming tomorrow”是从句。
在中考英语语法中,还需要掌握各种时态、语态、名词的数、冠词和形容词的格等基础知识。
此外,还需要注意一些常用的语法规则和技巧,如倒装句、省略句、强调句等。
为了备考中考英语语法,建议多做一些语法练习和模拟题,加强语法规则的掌握和应用能力。
同时,也可以多阅读英文文章,提高对英语语法和句型的理解和应用能力。
2023年中考英语语法笔记:简单句并列句与复合句
简单句(Types of Simple Sentences)1.主语+谓语(S+V) (谓语为不及物动词vi.)例:A. Class begins at eight o’clock. B. The sun rises in the east.C. The small boy can’t write.D. They are talking andlaughing happily.常见的不及物动词:listen, look, happen, go, come, arrive, work, stay, rise, talk等。
2.主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) (谓语为及物动词vt.)例:A. I couldn’t see anything.B. We raise our national flag every Monday.C. The small boy can’t write any words.D. They’re listening to the teacher carefully.E. I’ll tell her the news when she returns.注意:有些动词只做及物动词使用:reach, tell, show, hear, raise, teach, put等。
有些动词既做及物动词也可做不及物动词使用:write, know, open等。
不及物动词如要带宾语,须加相应的介词形成动词短语后再接宾语。
listen ( to) .laugh (at).wait (for).look (at),talk (to/with)等。
3.主语+谓语+表语(S+V+P) (谓语为连系动词Link v.)例:A. He was ill last week.(形) B. Keep quiet, please!(形)C. I feel very well today.(形)D. The mooncake tasteslike the pie.(介短)E. LiLei became a soldier.(名)F. The food has gonebad.(形)G. The bread feels hard.(形) H. LiLei fell ill lastMonday.(形)I. In spring, the weather gets warm and the trees turngreen.(形)注意:常见连系动词:1).be2). keep(保持), stay(保持), remain(保持) 等3).感官动词feel(感觉/摸上去),look(看上去),seem(似乎),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),appear(看上去,显得)等。
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人教版中考英语专项练习复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。
主句为句子的主体,从句只是做句子的一个成分。
根据从句在句子中的作用,可以把从句分为名词性从句(主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句),定语从句和状语从句(时间,地点,原因,条件,让步,方式,比较等)三类。
一.宾语从句1.宾语从句根据引导词的不同分为三种类型⑴由that引导的宾语从句,其中that不做成分,可省略。
We all knew (that) we should learn from each other.⑵由if/whether引导的宾语从句。
Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.⑶由who,where,how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。
Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?2.宾语从句“三关”⑴引导词关注意:whether与if的区别只用whether的情况①在介词后面 We don`t think about whether it would rain thenext day.②在动词不定式前 They asked me whether to sit at the front.③当与or not连用,或提出两种选择时 Mary asked whether I wasdoing my homework or not at that time④宾语从句提前时 Whether this is true or not, I can`t say⑤在动词discuss后的宾语从句中 We discussed whether we shouldhave a sports meeting next week.⑥引导表语从句或位于句首的主语从句用whetherThe question was whether he went there last night只用if的情况①引导否定概念的宾语从句时He asked me if I had`t finished my homework②引导条件状语从句时,if意为“如果”We`ll go hiking if it doesn`t rain tomorrow⑵语序关①宾语从句若为陈述句,语序不变②宾语从句若为一般疑问句或特殊疑问句,语序还原为陈述语序⑶时态关①如果主句是现在的时态,从句时态据实际情况而定②如果主句是过去某种时态,从句时态一定变为过去某时态注意:宾语从句表述的是客观真理,自然现象时,只能用一般现在时3.人称变化:4.从句简化⑴当主句谓语动词是find, see,watch,hear等时,从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构,宾补为省to不定式或v+ing形式She found that the wallet lay/lying on the ground.→She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.⑵当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句简化为不定式结构She agreed that she could help me with my maths. →She agreed to help me with my maths.⑶在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时,宾语从句简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构Can you tell me how I can get to the station? →Can you tell me how to get to the station?5.否定转移如果主句的谓语动词是believe,think,guess,suppose等,且主句主语是一人称时,后面所接宾语从句的否定词通常前移到主句中。
I don`t think that she can finish this work on time.注意:①这种否定前移的宾语从句,在变成反意疑问句时,反意疑问句的主谓要与从句一致I don`t think he is interested in that, is he?③如果主句主语是二三人称时,宾语从句否定词不前移,反意疑问句反问主句She thought that film was not interesting, didn`t she? 二.状语从句1.时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since,till, until, as soon as等来引导。
在时间状语从句中,通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。
在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到…时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。
如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到…才…”, “在…以前不…”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。
Since引导的时间状语从句,主句用一般现在时或现在完成时,从句用过去时。
While引导的状语从句的动词必须是延续动词,不能是短暂性动词。
as, when, while都表示主从句的动作或状态同时发生。
as强调两动作同时进行,并表示对比;发生时间较短,且由“一边…一边…”的意思。
When还可表示从句动词的动作在主句动词的动作“之前”或“之后”发生。
While用于时间较长时。
When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.2.条件状语从句通常用if, unless引导。
在条件状语从句中,谓语动词通常用现在时表示将来的动作或状态。
I`m waiting for my friend. If she doesn`t come, I`ll go shopping alone.3.原因状语从句通常用because, since, as(由于)引导。
because表示直接原因,语气最强。
because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。
回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。
as和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。
由as和since引导的从句多放在句首。
because和so不能同时出现。
As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our match.4.结果状语从句由so…that, such…that, so that 引导。
so…that与such…that 可以互换。
如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用so. so…that句型的否定形式可用简单句too…to…或not…enough to代替such+形容词+不可数名词/复数可数名词+thatsnch+a(an)+形容词+单数可数名词+that=so+形容词+a(an)+单数可数名词+thatLast night Judy worked so late that she didn`t catch the early bus this morning.5.比较状语从句通常由as…as, than等连词引导Though the player is over thirty, he can still run as fast as some young players6.目的状语从句通常用so that, in order that引导。
so that即可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句。
区别是:目的状语从句中往往带有情态动词can, could, may, might等,从意义上看,目的状语从句表示的目的很明确。
Pass the cake round so that everyone can take a piece.7.让步状语从句通常由though, although, as等连词引导。
although, though与but 不同时出现。
Though he is old, he is very strong.8.地点状语从句通常由where, wherever引导Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.9.方式状语从句通常由as, as if, as though等引导Always do to the others as you would be done by.希望别人怎样待你,你就怎样待人三.定语从句指在主从复合句中充当定语的句子,在句中修饰名词、代词,常由关系代词which, that, who(m), whose及关系副词when, where, why 等引导。
被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
定语从句放先行词后做后置定语1.当先行词表示人时,定语从句用关系代词that, who, whom引导。
当先行词表物时,定语从句用关系词that或which。
当关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。
⑴that可指人,也可指物,在从句中可作主语,宾语。
作宾语可省⑵which指物,在从句中作主语,宾语,作宾语时可省,可以引导非限制性定语从句,有时可与that互换。
⑶who, whom, whose指人,who在从句中做主语,whom在从句中作宾语,whose在从句中作定语He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.The package which/that you are carrying is too heavy.Please pass me the book whose/of which cover is green. 2.当引导词在句中作状语时不可用that, which, who(m)等关系代词,而应用关系副词。
表示时间用when,表示地点用where, 表示原因用why。
但这些关系副词可转换为“介词+关系代词”形式。
Beijing is the place where/in which I was born.3.其他注意事项⑴表示物时只能用that引导定语从句的情况①当先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything,little, much none, the one等不定代词时②先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时③先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same等词修饰时(当先行词是人时,也可用关系代词who或whom)④当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时⑤当先行词同时含有物和人时⑥主句中已有疑问词who或which时 Which is the bike that youlost?Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?⑵表示物时只用which不用that的情况①当关系代词前使用介词时②在非限制性定语从句(即通常用逗号与主语隔开,若去掉整个句子仍能表达完整意义的定语从句)中⑶指人时,当先行词为everybody, anybody, everyone, anyone等时要用who,不用that⑷一个句子中带有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that,另一个用whoThe boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard.其中一个关系代词已用which,另一个用thatEdison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before注意:⑴关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数要和先行词一致⑵one of+复数名词+关系代词+复数谓语动词the (only) one of+复数名词+关系代词+单数谓语动词Titanic is one of the best movies that have been produced in Hollywood.Titanic is the (only) one of the best movies that has been produced in Hollywood四.主语从句在句中作主语的名词性从句叫主语从句。