中考英语二轮复习火眼金睛辨介词

1 火眼金睛辨介词 一、提分关键 1. 时间介词 （1）in, after in＋时间段，用于将来时，表示从现在算起“过……后”。He will come back in an hour. after＋时间段，＝段时间＋later，用于过去时，表示“在……以后”。 After an hour，he came back.＝An hour later, he came back. after＋起点或截止时间，用于将来时或过去时，表示“在……以后”。 He will come back after 5 o'clock.I stayed at home after lunch today. （2）before before＋起点或截止时间，用于将来时或过去时，表示“在……以前”。 He will come to visit us again before May.We set off before daybreak. 时间段＋ago，表示从现在算起“在……以前”。I began to learn English 8 years ago. （3）in, on, at in＋一段时间，主要表达周、月、季节、年代；泛指上午、下午、晚上。 on主要表示具体的某一天，也可表示某一天的某个时候。 at＋具体钟点，表示某一时刻。 注意以下固定搭配：at lunch/supper/breakfast；at night；at midnight；at noon；at present；at that time；at the moment；at last；at the same time；at times；at the end of；in the end；at the beginning of；in the beginning；at the age of；on the morning of April 2nd；on a winter afternoon；on a rainy morning；on a cold night；on New Year's eve等。 （4）for, since 表时间的区别 for＋一段时间 since＋起点时间/句子 2

The boy has been in China for a week. ＝The boy has been in China since a week ago. ＝The boy has been here since he came to China last week. 2. 地点和方位介词 （1）above, over, on 在……上面 under, below在……下面 above在……上方(与物体表面不接触) over在……正上方(与物体表面不接触) on在……上面(与物体表面接触) under在……下方(与物体表面不接触) below在……下方(一般表示抽象概念) （2）through, across, past穿过 through纵穿(从空间内穿过)。through the door/window/forest等 across横穿(从表面过，往往是横过)。across the street/road/river/bridge等 past 经过。When I was walking past the hospital, I saw a woman crying loudly. （3）among, between among在(三者或三者以上)之间；between在(两者)之间。常用词组：between...and... （4）in, on, to in表示在范围之内(属于该范围)；on表示范围外，且与某一地区接壤； to表示范围外，且不接壤，相离，隔海相望。 如：Guangdong is in the south of China.(广东属于中国) Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.(广东与湖南毗邻，且接壤) Japan is to the east of China.(日本与中国隔海相望) （5）表方位的介词 on, in, behind, after on表示在左边、右边或者旁边，on the side of; in表示在里边； behind 在后边；after 表示顺序。 （6）in front of与in the front of in front of在外前面 in/at the front of 在内前部 3. 方式介词 3

（1）表交通by, in, on 用by时，表方式，交通工具前不用任何修饰词。如：by air/plane/ship/sea/bike/train/bus/car等。 用in或on时，交通工具为具体实物，其前应有修饰语。如：on the bus, on an early train, on a plane, on the ship, on a horse, on the bike, in my car等。 on foot是固定搭配。 （2）表手段、工具 by, in, with, on 用by时，工具前不用任何修饰词，by也可接doing。如：by hand/accident/mistake等。 by selling newspapers/reading aloud等。 用with时，工具为具体实物，其符合名词的出现形式。如：with a pen, with ears, with my nose, with(our)hands, with a rope等。 in＋语言、材料等。如：in English, in pencil, in ink等。 on＋电器、网络等。如：on the computer/the radio/TV/the phone/the Internet等。

注意以下固定搭配： agree with同意 arrive at/in 到达 at once 立刻 on time 按时，准时 in time及时 be angry with 生……的气 be good at/do well in 擅长于 be interested in 对……感兴趣 be late for 迟到 belong to 属于 be strict with 对……严格 by the way 顺便说 on one's way to在去……的路上 catch up with赶上 cheer up 使……高兴 come up with 提出 depend on依靠 be different from 与……不同 fall off 掉下来 get along/on with 与……相处 hear of 听说 hear from 收到……来信 help with帮助 in public 在公共场合 in trouble 处于困境中 in silence 默默地 in surprise惊奇地 in time 及时 learn from 向……学习 4

laugh at嘲笑 make friends with 与……交朋友 regard...as 把……当作 to one's surprise 使……惊奇的是 with a smile 微笑着 二、典型例题 热点方向1：时间介词 1. ---When is Jay’s concert? ---It’s ________three o’clock ________the afternoon of July 18th. A．at; in B. at; on C. on; in D. in; on 2. I had too much work to do last night. I didn’t go to bed ________11 o’clock. A． in B. until C. for 3. ----How long have you lived in the new flat? ---_________2010. A. In B. After C. Since D. Before 热点方向2：地点介词 4. Sandy is a real book lover and she often brings home many books to read ________the library. A. in B. for C. by D. from 5. Mrs. King put a coat _________the sleeping girl to keep her warm. A. over B. with C. behind D. beside 6. ---Excuse me. Could you tell me the way to the People’s Hospital? ---Walk along this street _______ the end and you will find it on your left. A. in B. to C. by D. at 热点方向3：方式介词 7. The man makes a living __________painting. A. without B. with C. by 热点方向4：固定搭配 8. ----What’s your teacher like? 5

----She is always strict __________us. A. in B. with C. to 9. –Do you know Mo Yan? ---Of course. He won the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature _______the age of 57. A. in B. at C. on D. to 10. The chemicals in the vegetables are bad __________our health. A. from B. with C. of D. for 11. John often asks his teacher ________help. A. to B. with C. for D. on 12. –Mary, does your brother get _________work by bus? ----No, he rides a bike. Sometimes he walks. A. in B. on C. to D. for 中考命题大预测 1. We should do something to stop the forest _________being cut down. A. from B. in C. by D. with 2. You don’t need to look ________ every new word in your dictionary. A. for B. at C. after D. up 3. The engineer will return from Macao __________ a few days. A. since B. in C. on D. after 4. ________the morning of May 1st , we all visited the old people’s home. A. In B. On C. At D. To 5. We are __________building a new zoo in our town because we think animals should live in the mountain forests. A. in B. on C. for D. against 6. My classmate, Ma Shuhan is good ________English and math.