English LiteratureII英国文学

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1. William Wordsworth
William Wordsworth (April 7, 1770 – April 23, 1850) was an important poet of the Romantic Age in English literature.
Many people think that The Prelude,
Wordsworth went to St John's College, Cambridge in 1787.
Three years later, in 1790, he visited Revolutionary France and supported the Republican movement. The following year, he graduated from Cambridge.
In 1783 his father, who was a lawyer died.
Although many aspects of his boyhood were positive, he remembered times of loneliness and sadness. It took him many years, and much writing, to recover from the death of his parents.
In 1807, his Poems in Two Volumes were published, including "Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood".
Two of his children, Thomas and Catherine, died in 1812. In 1813 his family, including Dorothy, moved to Rydal Mount, Ambleside (between Grasmere and Rydal Water), where he spent the rest of his life.[1]
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浪漫主义〈英文：Romanticism〉是开始于 18世纪西欧的艺术、文学及文化运动，发生 于1790年工业革命开始的前后。浪漫主义注 重以强烈的情感作为美学经验的来源，并 且开始强调如不安及惊恐等情绪，以及人 在遭遇到大自然的壮丽时所表现出的敬畏。
浪漫主义是对于启蒙时代以来的贵族和专 制政治文化的颠覆，以艺术和文学反抗对 于自然的人为理性化。
桂冠诗人（英语：）是经由政府官方任命 的诗人及其称号。
Therefore, it is like a ‘national’ poet
A poet laureate is a poet officially appointed by the government of a country. He or she is responsible for writing poems for special occasions in that country
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Lord Byron is also very famous for the way he lived his life. He was a dandy, living extravagantly （浪费金钱）, with many love affairs（恋爱）, and debts （债）. His fight against the Turks in the Greek War of Independence lead to his death from a fever in Messolonghi in Greece.
Because he was poor and there were political problems between Britain and France, he returned alone to England the next year.[1]
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But he supported Annette Vallon and his daughter as best he could in later life. War between France and Britain prevented him from seeing Annette and Caroline again for several years. It is likely that Wordsworth would have been depressed during the 1790s.
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浪漫主义重视民间艺术、自然以及传统， 主张一个根基于自然的知识论，以自然的 环境来解释人类的活动，包括了语言、传 统、习俗。浪漫主义受到了启蒙运动的理 念影响，也吸收了中世纪文化复古的艺术 成分。“浪漫”一词来自于“romance”—代 表了源于中世纪文学和浪漫文学里颂扬英 雄的诗赋风格。
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In part, it was a reaction to the aristocratic （贵 族）social and political ideas of the Age of
Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution.
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It was also a reaction against turning nature into only science.[2]
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Early life and education Wordsworth was born as second of five children in the
Lake District. After the death of his mother in 1778, his
father sent him to Hawkshead Grammar School.
Part VII : The Romantic Period
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A. Romanticism
Romanticism is a style of art, literature and music in the late 18th and early 19th century in Europe. This movement said that feelings, imagination, nature, and old folk traditions such as legends and fairy tales were important.
an autobiographical poem of his
early years is his masterpiece.
Wordsworth was England's Poet
Laureate from 1843 until his
death in 1850.
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Poet Laureate :
He was believed by some to be bisexual （双性 恋）(homosexual （同性恋）acts between males were against the law at the time) and he was believed to have been guilty of incest （逆 仑）with his half-sister. However, there is no real proof that any of that is true!!!
We can see it most strongly in arts like music, and literature. However, it also had an important influence on other areas of life.
Some of the world’s most famous writers and artists were part of this movement.
In 1802 Wordsworth and his sister, Dorothy, visited Annette and Caroline in France.[1]
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In 1805 he married a childhood friend, Mary Hutchinson. Dorothy continued to live with the couple.
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பைடு நூலகம்
Lady Caroline Lamb, who was his lover for a time, said that he was "mad, bad, and dangerous to know."
His life was at times pure adventure and his life
itself can be read like a great ‘romantic novel’ full of intrigue （阴谋）, love, war, and almost all aspects of life, itself.
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a. Don Juan
Don Juan is a satiric poem[1] by Lord Byron, based on the legend of Don Juan, which Byron reverses, portraying Juan not as a womanizer but as someone easily seduced （引诱）by women. It is a variation on the epic form. Byron himself called it an "Epic Satire" (Don Juan, c. xiv, st. 99).