20届高考英语二轮 专题1 语法填空与短文改错 第2部分 语法精析 第5节 代词和介词(短语)
第五节代词和介词(短语)考向分析题型一关于代词和介词(短语)的语法填空1．Nervously facing challenges，I know I will whisper to (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．(2019·北京)答案myself解析考查代词。
句意为：焦虑不安地面临挑战时，我知道我将轻声对自己说：“做你自己。
”此处whisper to这一动作的发出者和承受者为同一人，宾语要用反身代词。
故填myself。
2．A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than (that) who are not.(2019·天津)答案those解析考查代词。
句意为：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。
空格处代词对应the students，是复数，故填those。
3．Running is cheap，easy and it’s always energetic.If you are time poor，you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports，so perhaps we should all give a try.(2018·全国Ⅰ) 答案running/it解析考查名词或代词。
此处号召我们尝试一下这种运动，因此可以填名词running，也可以用it指代。
give sth.a try尝试一下某事。
4．When the gorillas(大猩猩) and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find (they) alive.(2018·全国Ⅲ) 答案them解析考查代词之人称代词。
分析句子结构可知，此处要用代词作find的宾语，故要用人称代词的宾格。
they的宾格为them。
5．Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once theyrealize how cheapcan be to eat out.(2018·浙江)答案it解析考查it的用法。
句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正的主语，it是形式主语。
故填it。
6．However，the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months，more than 25,000 people were using every day.(2017·全国Ⅱ)答案it解析考查代词。
use是及物动词，其后接宾语，此处明显缺少代词。
分析句意可知，这里用it指代前句的the railway，故填it。
7．Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from the house.“she thought I had hurt (I)，”says Pahlsson.(2017·浙江)答案myself解析考查反身代词。
根据语境可知，hurt这一动作的发出者和承受者为同一人，故应用I 的反身代词形式，意为“她认为我伤了我自己”，故填myself。
1．人称代词数人称主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词单数一I me my mine myself 二you you your yours yourself三he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数一we us our ours ourselves 二you you your yours yourselves 三they them their theirs themselves2．不定代词含义指代都任何一个都不两者both either neither三者或三者以上all any none 3．one，another，the other，some，others，the others的区别4．that，those的用法①that指代上文提到的单数名词或不可数名词(＝the＋单数名词/不可数名词，与前面的名词不是同一个，即同名不同物)。
The story is more interesting than that(the story) you read a few days ago.②those指代上文提到的复数名词(＝the＋复数名词，同名不同物的复数)。
The computers made in China are as good as those(the computers) made in the USA.1．Modern methods tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s，and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.(2019·全国Ⅰ)答案of/for解析考查介词。
此处tracking polar bear populations作Modern methods的定语，用of连接，methods of doing sth.意为“……的方法”。
或者意为“用于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for。
故填of/for。
2．We were first greeted with the barking by a pack dogs，seven to be exact.(2019·全国Ⅲ) 答案of解析考查介词。
a pack of意为“一群……”，为固定搭配。
故填of。
3．First celebrated 1970，the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries andregions(地区)．(2019·北京)答案in解析考查介词。
句意为：第一次庆祝是在1970年。
如今，这一天的活动遍及190多个国家和地区。
在年份前要用介词in。
故填in。
4．The answer this question is not clear.(2019·浙江)答案to解析考查介词。
句意为：这个问题的答案不清楚。
the answer to...……的答案，为固定搭配。
故填to。
5．Favorable policies are effect to encourage employees’professional development.(2019·江苏)答案in解析考查介词短语。
句意为：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升。
in effect 实际上，为固定搭配，故填in。
6．Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff.(2018·全国Ⅱ)答案than解析由句中的比较级less可知，此处将玉米和水稻进行比较，故填than。
7．I was searching these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing.(2018·全国Ⅲ) 答案for解析考查介词。
search for寻找，为固定搭配。
8．I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home dinner，get a few cooking tips from her.(2018·浙江)答案for解析考查介词。
go to your mum’s home for dinner去你妈妈家吃饭。
for表示目的，意为“为了要，为了得到”。
9．This trend，which was started by the medical community(医学界) a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案as解析考查介词。
此处指作为抵抗心脏病的一种方法，所以用介词as。
10．It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and work.(2017·全国Ⅱ)答案from解析考查介词。
travel to and from work上下班。
11．After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get adegree engineering or architecture.(2017·全国Ⅲ)答案in解析考查介词。
关于某个专业的学位要用介词in。
a degree in engineering or architecture工程学或建筑学学位。
1．介宾关系2．介词的基本含义in①在……里面②表示时间段，加年/月/季节/世纪/朝/年代，几十岁的时候，还泛指上午、下午或晚上例：in 1990，in September，in spring，in the 18th century，in the Ming Dynasty，in 1980s，in one’s twenties，in the morning③处于……状态例：in good condition状态良好in good shape身材好④用某种语言/专业(speak)例：in English⑤in a way在某方面；在某种程度上in strength在力量上in courage在勇气上on①在……上②在具体的时间，或具体的上午、下午或晚上例：on October 1，on Sunday，on Christmas Day，on the morning of May 1③关于(＝about)④身上带着，有(＝with)例：have enough money with/on me⑤on(＝upon)＋n./doing 一……就……at①在某处例：at the airport②在……时(刻)例：at 6∶00 in the morning③在……岁(具体)例：at 20④以……价格、速度例：at a high/low price以高/低价at a speed of...以……速度⑤朝，向(某方向或目标)例：throw at，laugh at⑥因……而……；一听到/看到/想到……就……例：at the terrible sightto①向，朝(某方向或某处)②(指时间)在(某时间)之前例：a quarter to six差一刻到六点ten minutes to two一点五十分③属于(某人/某物)例：the key to the door，the answer to the questionfor①(表示目的)为了例：for pleasure 为了好玩②(表示对象)给例：There is a letter for you.③对某人来说例：It is easy for us.④(表示理由或原因)因为，由于例：Thank you for helping me with my English.⑤表示“持续一段时间”例：for an hour⑥(表示目标、去向)往，向例：leave for，head for the train for Paris开往巴黎的火车⑦表示“支持，赞同”，反义词为“against”例：Are you for this plan or against it?with①和……在一起例：with a friend②有，带有，具有例：with more money③随着例：with age随着年龄的增长with time going by＝as time goes by随着时间的流逝by①靠近，在……旁边例：by the fire在炉火旁②按……计算，常用“by＋the＋单数可数名词”例：by the day按日③由，靠，通过(表示交通方式)例：by bus乘公交车off①下来；离开例：keep off远离，fall off掉下来②远离，脱离例：off the main road远离大路，off track脱轨③休息，休假例：off duty休息(on duty值班)，take a day off休班一天across①横过，从一边到另一边例：walk across the street过马路②在对面例：across the road在马路对面against①反对，违背例：go against the law of nature违背自然规律②靠着例：lean against the wall靠墙③逆着例：against the wind逆风④在……映衬下例：The hill looks more beautiful against the blue sky.在蓝天的映衬下，山峰更显美丽。
高考英语二轮总复习 第1部分 语篇型语法填空和短文改错 2、短文改错
答题技巧
二、名词单复数的误用及近义词的混用 考点剖析此类题的错误设置一般包括以下几个方面: 1.可数名词单复数形式误用 2.可数名词与不可数名词的混用 3.用于固定词组中的一些名词的用法 4.同义词或反义词的混用 5.名词指代上下文单复数不符 方法突破 1.理清可数与不可数名词之间的区别与联系 2.记清一些用于固定词组中的名词的特殊用法 3.结合语境认真分辨同义名词或近义名词
解题策略
2.重点关注 (1)关注该题所涉及的一致性问题:主要包括主谓一致,时态、语 态一致,代词指代一致,名词的数与格的一致,句式结构与语意一致, 行文关系的一致等。 (2)关注词性问题:了解主要词类的语法作用及其在句中的经常性 位置。如:名词在句中一般做主语、宾语、表语;动词做谓语;形容 词充当表语、定语和宾语补足语;副词则充当状语,修饰形容词、 动词乃至句子。 (3)关注固定搭配:主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭 配;副词与动词的固定搭配;及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物 动词后少介词,英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。
【考点分析】 句子顺序 基本考点 第一句 形容词
第二句 动词
第三句 第四句 第五句 第五句 第六句 第七句 第八句 第九句
介词 连词 代词 非谓语动词 动词的语态 定语从句引导词 动词的时态 名词
具体分析 修饰名词用形容词 先行词people和后面的dancers and cyclists提示动词用复数形式 后跟名词短语,用because of “当……的时候”用when 指代不一致 and前后的形式应该一致 没有被动含义,不用被动语态 非限制性定语从句 一般现在时 名词复数
答案:第二句 dish→dishes 第三句 tidying→tidy;whatever→whenever 第四句 doing前面加from 第五句 was→is 第六句 去掉they后面的are 第七句 most→more;mentally→mental 第八句 our→my 第九句 hopes→hope
2020版高考英语大二轮复习专题一语法填空与短文改错第二部分语法精析第五节代词和介词(短语)学案新人教版
第五节代词和介词(短语)考向分析题型一关于代词和介词(短语)的语法填空1．Nervouslyfacingchallenges，IknowIwillwhisperto(I) thetwosimplewords“Beyourself”．(2019·北京)答案myself解析考查代词。
句意为：焦虑不安地面临挑战时，我知道我将轻声对自己说：“做你自己。
”此处whisperto这一动作的发出者和承受者为同一人，宾语要用反身代词。
故填myself。
2．Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinaftersch oolactivitiesarehappierthan (that) whoarenot.(2019·天津)答案those解析考查代词。
句意为：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。
空格处代词对应thestudents，是复数，故填those。
3．Runningischeap，easyandit’salwaysenergetic.Ifyouaretimepoor，youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports，soperhapsweshouldallgiveatry.(2018·全国Ⅰ)答案running/it解析考查名词或代词。
此处号召我们尝试一下这种运动，因此可以填名词running，也可以用it指代。
givesth.atry尝试一下某事。
4．Whenthegorillas(大猩猩) andIfrightenedeachother，Iwasjustgladtofind(they) alive.(2018·全国Ⅲ)答案them解析考查代词之人称代词。
分析句子结构可知，此处要用代词作find的宾语，故要用人称代词的宾格。
2020届高中英语二轮复习 语法填空(1) Word版含答案
2020届高中英语二轮复习语法填空（1）1、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the world's ①_____________ (long) cross-sea bridge, enters the history of human engineering and connection as a point of pride upon ②_____________ (it) opening to traffic at 9 am on Oct.24, 2018.One day after the opening was announced at a ceremony ③_____________ (hold) in Zhuhai , the bridge's ports in three different administrative regions started serving travelers around-the-clock , opening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. ④_____________ (ensure) faster boundary crossings for passengers, the Macao and Zhuhai ports jointly use a one-off immigration clearance model, ⑤ allows travelers to queue up only once to finish both exit and entry procedures of the two cities in about 30 ⑥_____________ (second).Apart ⑦_____________ private cars, taxis and goods vehicles, two types of public transportation-shuttle bus(班车)and cross-boundary coach --can also run on the HZMB. ⑧_____________ frequency of shuttle buses is about 5-10minutes during peak hours. Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance ⑨_____________ (be)available since 9 am on Tuesday. With the bridge now in service, the traveling time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong International Airport will ⑩_____________ (shorten) from four hours to 45 minutes, and the time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong’s Container Terminals will be cut from 3. 5 hours to 75 minutes.2、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
2020年高考英语全国卷短文改错答案详解及考点分布规律总结
2020年高考英语全国卷短文改错答案详解及考点分布规律总结一. 短文改错试题及答案详解(一) 2020年高考英语全国卷I 语法填空及答案详解（全国卷I 适用地区：安徽、湖北、福建、湖南、山西、河北、江西、广东、河南） 请看试题：第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. My mom told me how to preparing it. First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside. Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove. I waited patiently unless the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together. ＂Not that way ，＂my mom tried to stop us but failed. She was right. It didn ’t tum out as I had wished.请看译文：今天我试着自己做了一道简单的菜。
2020届高中英语二轮复习短文改错(2)
修改 :在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者 (从第 11 处起 )不计分。
Travelling abroad, you should follow the customs of the country you were visiting. When
’ s the best one I have ever been taken part in. The opening ceremony was a
feast for the eyes. To begin with, the headmaster makes a speech. Then came various performance,
including singing, dancing and kung fu. Besides, some students dressed up as dolls, and that they
wanted to show was confident and talent. When the teachers
修改 :在错的词下划一横线 ,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意 :
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词 ; 2.只允许修改 10 处 ,多者 (从第 11 处起 )不计分。
The time we have is usual limited. However, even an hour is of much valuable. We should
2020 届高中英语二轮复习
短文改错（ 2）
1、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文
,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有
四川省2020届高考二诊英语试题精选汇编 短文改错专题
四川省2020年高考二诊英语试题精选汇编-短文改错专题2020届四川省成都市高三第二次诊断性检测英语试题第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11 处起）不计分。
I used to be selfish and only thought of myself. Yet my neighbor was having so much funny with volunteering. He told me that it felt extremely well. I was inspired by him and decided to have try. I hoped to get the same result, for my self respect is unbelievably low and I felt worth.We have volunteered for more than two years so far. By volunteering I have been changed my view on myself and this world. When I helped others, I felt need in society. Not only did it build up my confidence, it let others benefited as well. Undoubtedly, volunteering is a great opportunities to improve the whole society.【答案】1. funny → fun2. well → good3. try前加a4. is → was5. worth → worthless6. We → I7. 去掉been8. need → needed9. benefited → benefit10. opportunities → opportunity。
高考英语二轮复习第一部分语法知识第二章短文改错(含解析)
第二章短文改错高考短文改错题着重考查考生的语言基本功和正确使用英语进行表达的能力。
此题型不仅要求考生牢固掌握一定的词汇和语法知识，还要求考生具有一定的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力。
它是针对考生平时学习英语过程中，尤其是在写作中常犯的错误而设计的，考生在平时写作中常出现的错误是短文改错考查的重点。
近两年全国卷命题视角项目2016 2015Ⅰ卷Ⅱ卷Ⅲ卷Ⅰ卷Ⅱ卷考点分布名词 1 1 1 1 1动词 2 4 2 3 3形容词0 0 2 2 0副词 1 0 1 0 2代词 1 3 2 1 1连词 2 1 0 1 0介词 1 0 1 1 1冠词 1 1 1 1 1从句 1 0 0 0 1 类型错词8 8 8 8 8少词 1 1 1 1 1多词 1 1 1 1 1 [短文改错通常从词法、句法和行文逻辑三个角度设题，要求考生识别并纠正短文中的语言知识错误。
短文改错的错误类型有多词、缺词和错词三种，在文章的10个错误中，以错词设计为主导。
Passage 1(2016·全国Ⅰ卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.Though not very big ，but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even had to wait outside.My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking.My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time.Instead ，he hopes that our business will grow steady.答案：My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to thatwhere I live. Though not verybig,the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customersat meal times. Some people even hadhave to wait outside. My uncle tells me that thekey to his success is honest honesty . Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables orandhigh quality oil areusingusedfor cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the a short period of time. Instead, he hopes that ourhisbusiness will grow steadysteadily.Passage 2(2016·全国Ⅱ卷)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
高考英语二轮总复习 第1部分 语篇型语法填空和短文改错 专题2 代词和介词
基础自诊·夯基固本
-2-
词汇复习2(根据汉语提示填入以a开头的单词的适当形式,然后 背诵情景,熟记以a开头的课标高频词汇。)
【情景1】 At the anniversary of Agricultural Products Expo,an American agent made an address on how to 1. accumulate (积 累)adequate knowledge to improve the production.Anyway,we should make any 2. alternative (可供选择的) solutions,or even 3. appoint (委派)amateurs or allocate adults who served in
There is no water left in the bottle.(no=not any) 瓶子里没有水。
高频考点·探究突破
-15-
一二
(2)either,any,both,all的常见用法 either 指两者之一;any指三者或三者以上之一。 both指两者都;all 指三者或三者以上都。 (3)表示“另外的”不定代词:the other,other,others,another的常见用 法 ①the other指两者中的另一个,表示特指,可单独使用,也可接单数 名词。常用结构为one...the other...。如: There are two pens.One is his;the other is Tom’s. 有两支钢笔。一支是他的,另一支是汤姆的。
(2)“of(介词)+名词性物主代词(或名词所有格)”构成双重所有格, 如:a friend of my father’s我父亲的一位朋友。
2020届高中英语二轮复习 语法填空(1) Word版含答案
2020届高中英语二轮复习语法填空（1）1、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the world's ①_____________ (long) cross-sea bridge, enters the history of human engineering and connection as a point of pride upon ②_____________ (it) opening to traffic at 9 am on Oct.24, 2018.One day after the opening was announced at a ceremony ③_____________ (hold) in Zhuhai , the bridge's ports in three different administrative regions started serving travelers around-the-clock , opening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. ④_____________ (ensure) faster boundary crossings for passengers, the Macao and Zhuhai ports jointly use a one-off immigration clearance model, ⑤ allows travelers to queue up only once to finish both exit and entry procedures of the two cities in about 30 ⑥_____________ (second).Apart ⑦_____________ private cars, taxis and goods vehicles, two types of public transportation-shuttle bus(班车)and cross-boundary coach --can also run on the HZMB. ⑧_____________ frequency of shuttle buses is about 5-10minutes during peak hours. Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance ⑨_____________ (be)available since 9 am on Tuesday. With the bridge now in service, the traveling time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong International Airport will ⑩_____________ (shorten) from four hours to 45 minutes, and the time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong’s Container Terminals will be cut from 3. 5 hours to 75 minutes.2、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
高考英语二轮总复习 第一部分 语篇型语法填空和短文改错 专题二 代词和介词
players produced excellent performances.
解析:考查介词。句意:虽然有很多问题,有几位运动员还是发挥得很棒。in
spite of “虽然;尽管”,是固定搭配。 4.(2019·江苏卷改编)Favorable policies are
in effect to encourage
代词考查有章法,前后语境细观察 1.(2022·全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕) at the ceremony,opening ______i_ts_________(it) first exhibition. 解析:考查代词。空后是名词短语first exhibition,故需要用形容词性物主代 词修饰。 2.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Data about the moon’s composition could help China decide whether _______i_ts________(it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical.
②other 做前置定语,修饰可数名词复数,不可单独使用。如果其前有 the,some,any,each,every,no,one以及形容词性物主代词,其后可接单数名词, 此时表示泛指,意为“另外的,其他的”。 We study English,maths,Chinese and other subjects. 我们学习英语、数学、语文以及其定语 my your his her its our
your
their
主 代词
代 名词性 做主语、 词 物主代 宾语、 mine yours his hers its ours