2015年高考语法专题攻克之3情态动词
历年高考英语语法精讲精练-情态动词和虚拟语气有解析.doc
高考英语语法精讲精练-情态动词和虚拟语气一、情态动词的语法特征(1)情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
(2)情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
(3)情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
(4)情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词、动名词等形式。
二、虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，多半不是事实，或与事实相反。
高考重点要求：1、情态动词的基本用法2、情态动词表示推测的语义差别3、情态动词后接不定式完成体的不同意义4、虚拟语气中情态动词的用法知识点概述一、情态动词（一）情态动词种类1. can表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”、“技能”或根据客观条件能做某种动作的“可能性”, 但表示人的体力或智力的具体动作时须用be able to .He was able to do that without any help.他不需要任何帮助就能完成这项工作。
2. may表示“允许，可以”，相当于be allowed to .may或might可和as well连用，表示“建议”，译为“还是……的为好”You may as well keep a certain distance from that mad man. 你们还是离那疯子远点为好。
You might as well go home now.你还是现在回家为好。
3. must表示“必须”或“应当”、“一定”。
4. have to 加动词原形，表示“不得不”，“必须”，它比must更强调客观。
Tom had to work into the deep night every day to earn a living. 汤姆为了生计每天都得工作到深夜。
5. should 表示“劝告”，“建议”或“义务”时，译作“应当”，或表示“预测”和“可能”。
高考英语专题语法情态动词详细解析以及练习题-最新教学文档
情态动词专题你所知道的情态动词那些？动手写写吧！基本助动词: do, have，be情态助动词: may, might; can,could; will, would; shall, should; must,need, dare, used to, ought to.情态动词的语法特征：（记）1）情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式,即动词原形。
2）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
3）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。
4）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
情态动词高考考点：1. 表推测，选那个情态动词更合适。
2. 表必要性，义务和责任。
3. 情态动词的特殊意思。
4. 情态动词+have done的用法。
课堂语法讲解点：1.表示请求、建议，命令，允许、禁止。
2.表示能力。
3.表必要性，义务和责任。
4.表推测。
5.表意愿、意志、决心、允诺。
一、表示请求、建议，命令，允许、禁止。
（1）表请求、建议May/Can/Could/Shall I/ we....?Can(could)/Will(would) you....?Shall he/she/they.....?注意：请求对方允许时，could表委婉语气，但回答时，要用can。
如： Could I use your bike tomorrow morning?Yes,you can.（2）表命令、允许、禁止must 必须mustn't 禁止should/ought to 应该shouldn't/oughtn't to 不应该may/might, can 表允许The students must be back by 4 o'clock.学生必须在4点返校。
You ought to/should apologize.你应该道歉。
英语语法大攻克--情态动词
情态动词一.情态动词的定义：情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。
二.情态动词的特点： 1.有一定词义； 2.不受主语人称和数的变化影响；3.与主要动词的原形（或称不带to的不定式）一起构成谓语（除ought to，have to作固定词组看待）。
三.情态动词的基本用法一、考查can的用法a.考查can表示能力的用法。
在这一用法中,can表示能力,意思是"能,会",其否定式can't表示"不能"。
在过去时中用could 和couldn't。
例如:1.-Where's Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.-You________find him. He________Japan.A. may not; has gone toB. may not; has been toC. can't; has gone toD. can't; has been to2.-Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?-Sorry. It________in such a short time.A. may doB. can't be doneC. must doD. needn't be done3. I have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it.A. mustB. have toC. need toD. can4.________you mend my car? I______not start it.A. Would; wouldB. Must; mustC. Can; canD. May; may5.________she ride when she was three years old?A. CanB. CouldC. NeedD. May6. The boy________answer this kind of hard questions one year ago.A. canB. mayC. could注意：can 和be able to1.情态动词can只有两种时态形式，现在式can和过去式could，而be able to有多种时态形式。
全国2015年高考英语真题汇编(单项选择)：情态动词
全国2015年高考英语真题汇编（单项选择）情态动词【2015重庆】12. You ____ be Carol. You haven’t chan ged a bit after all these years.A. mustB. canC. willD. shall【答案】A考点：考查情态动词。
【2015浙江】4. It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.A. couldn’tB. shouldn’tC. mustn’t D needn’t 【答案】A考点：考查情态动词【2015福建】27.—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.—Oh, it's too bad. You __________ have made full preparations.A.mustB. canC. wouldD. Should【答案】D.考点：考查考查情态动词+have done结构【2015北京】29．—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare【答案】C考点：考查情态动词辨析【2015陕西】21. You feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundre d percentsure later you’ll be grateful you did it.A. shouldB. needC. shallD. may【答案】D【考点定位】考查情态动词【2015四川】2.You _____be careful with the camera. It costs!A .must B. may C. can D. will【答案】A考点：考查情态动词【2015天津】7. I ______ have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A. mightn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. couldn’t【答案】C考点：考查情态动词。
高三英语一轮复习语法专题学案5：专题3 情态动词和虚拟语气
虚拟语气（1）虚拟语气的基本用法（2）含蓄虚拟条件句这样的虚拟句不含有if从句，而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引导的句子代替if从句，主句的谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。
（3）虚拟语气的倒装当虚拟条件句中含有were，had，should，could等动词时，可以将if省略，然后将were，had，should，could 等词移至句首。
（4）错综虚拟语气主从句指的是不同的时间，根据上下文的意思采用不同的谓语动词形式。
（5）主语从句中的虚拟语气：It is ＋形容词／动词的过去分词/名词＋主语从句的结构中，从句的谓语动词须用动词原形或should ＋do的形式常用的这类词有：形容词：advisable、natural、anxious、necessary、better、regretful、desirable、strange、surprising、important过去分词：decided、recommended、demanded、requested、desired、required、ordered、suggested名词：duty、pity、no surprise、regret、no wonder、shame（6）宾语从句中的虚拟语气①wish后的宾语从句wish(that)+ did/were(would/should do) 表示与现在或将来相反；had done(would/should have done) 表示与过去相反。
②某些动词表示愿望、要求、建议和命令等。
从句形式为：（should）+动词原形常用的动词有：advise、order、command、decide、propose、demand、recommend、request、require、insist、suggest、urge注意：insist表示“坚持认为，坚持说”时，从句中不用虚拟语气；表示“坚持要求”时，从句用虚拟语气。
英语语法大攻克--情态动词练习题
情态动词练习题( ) 1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.A. mayB. canC. has toD. must( ) 2 They ___ do well in the exam.A. can be able toB. be able toC. can able toD. are able to( ) 3 -May I take this book out?-No, you___.A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't( ) 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.A. canB. mustC. dareD. would( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese?-No, I____.A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not( ) 1 -He___ be in the classroom, I think.-No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.A. can; may notB. must; may notC. may; can'tD. may; mustn't( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?-Thanks, but you___, I've had enough.A. may notB. must notC. can'tD. needn't( ) 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult.A. mayB. mustC. canD. need( ) 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill.A. canB. shallC. mustD. has to( ) 5 ___ I take this one?A. MayB. WillC. AreD. Do( ) 1 The children___ play football on the road.A. can'tB. canC. mustn'tD. must( ) 2 You ___ be late for school again next time.A. mustn'tB. needn'tC. don't have toD. don't need to( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once?-No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not( ) 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.A. has not toB. don't have toC. haven't toD. doesn't have to ( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he?A. didB. didn'tC. doesD. doesn't( ) 3 They had to walk here, ___ they?A. mustn'tB. didC. didn'tD. hadn't( ) 1 He had better stay here, ___ he?A. didn'tB. don'tC. hadn'tD. isn't( ) 2 You'd better___late next time.A. not to beB. not beC. won't beD. don't be( ) 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month.A. had; cutB. had; cuttedC. have; cutD. have; cutted( ) 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.A. had better not toB. had not betterC. had betterD. had better not ( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?A. Here you areB. Sorry, I can'tC. Yes, pleaseD. Let me try ( ) 2 -Why don't you ask Mike to go with us?-Thanks, ___.A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may( ) 3 -___ I take the newspaper away?-No, you mustn't. Y ou____read it only here.A. Must; canB. May; canC. Need; mustD. Must; must( ) 1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup?A. DoB. ShouldC. WouldD. Must( ) 2 ___ you like to have another try?A. CouldB. WillC. WouldD. Do( ) 3 -Would you like to go boating with us?-Yes, ___.A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do( ) 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon.A. needn'tB. can'tC. mustn'tD. have to( ) 2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he?A. needB. needn'tC. doesD. doesn't( ) 3 -Must we do our homework first?-No, you___. You may have a rest first.A. mustn'tB. needn'tC. may notD. can't参考答案：1. 1-5 A D A B B2. 1-5 C D B C A3. 1-3 C A A4. 1-3 D B C5. 1-4 C B C C6. 1-3 B A B7. 1-3 C C C8. 1-3 A D B。
2015届高考备战情态动词讲解(纯粹高考版)
表推测（可能性） 1. 可能性分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生 的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并 不涉及具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说 明人或事物的特征。情态动词can可用于肯定句中 表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实 际发生的可能性时，can一般不用于肯定句。 Accidents can happen on such rainy days. We may go to the cinema tonight, but we are not sure yet.
2. 表示具体事情实际可能发生的可能性： （1）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性层次比较： must will would ought to can could may might
（2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may, must常 用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not表示 “可能不”）；can常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中， 表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could既可用于肯定句 又可用于否定句、疑问句中。 This can’t/couldn’t be done by him. This may not be done by him. He could be on his way home now. Can this be done by him? Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep. -- Are you coming to Jeff’s party? -- I’m not sure. I might go to the concert instead.
一轮复习英语人教全国版课件语法第二部分第三讲情态动词和虚拟语气
4．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no
matter how many times I asked to watch them, my
parents would not to let me.
_去__掉___le_t_前__的___to__
第二部分 攻克重难动词
第三讲 情态动词和虚拟语气
Contents
考什么 学什么 明确方向——备考省时高效 怎么考 怎么解 掌握“套路”——解题有径可寻
语篇综合检测
考什 么 学什 么
命题点一 情态动词的基本用法
[全析考法]
单句语法填空/单句改错 1．(2018·北京高考)In today's information age, the loss of data
(四)shall
用法
例句
用于第一、三人称的疑问句
中，表示说话者征求对方的 Shall he come in now？
意见。
要不要让他现在进来？
用于第二、三人称的陈述句 You shall be punished for what 中，表示说话者的命令、警 you have done.你必须为你的 告、威胁、允诺、决心等。 所作所为受到惩罚。
用 于 固 定 习 语 中 ： I can't thank you too much for all your
can't ... too/enough (无 help to my son while we were away from 论 …… 也 不 过 分 ； home. 越 …… 越 好 ) ； can't 我非常感谢你，在我们不在家时帮助我的 but do sth. (不得不，只 儿子。 好)；can't help doing One cannot but admire her determination. sth. (禁不住做某事)。 人们不得不佩服她的决心。
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高考语法专题攻克Ⅲ、情态动词1. The public transportation is very convenient in the big city, so there be any difficulty in getting around.A. mustn’tB. daren’tC. needn’tD. shouldn’t2. Why didn’t you tell me the meeting was cancelled? I all the way here through the heavy snow.A. can’t have drivenB. needn’t have drivenC. mustn’t have drivenD. shouldn’t have driven3. ---Shall I book a ticket for the film for my sister in advance?---Yes, you . This film is very popular with young girls.A. willB. mightC. canD. must4. There are thirty students in the class; there be thirty test papers handed in.A. mayB. shouldC. wouldD. need5. Jack ate three hamburgers for lunch, so he very hungry at that time.A. must beB. could beC. must have beenD. could have been6. Nobody knows where Peter went. He for Haikou.A. must have leftB. might have leftC. might leaveD. must leave7. you go out now? It’s nearly midnight and it’s raining!A. MayB. ShouldC. ShallD. Must8. Many young people like chatting online, but it be boring sometimes.A. wouldB. canC. dareD. need9. Tom’s bedroom is in a mess. It cleaned yesterday.A. can’t beB. shouldn’t beC. couldn’t have beenD. shouldn’t have been10. ---I couldn’t find my suitcase in the airport. Did you see it?---Somebody by mistake.A. need take it awayB. should take it awayC. may have taken it awayD. should have taken it away11. I play football with my friends at the weekend when I was in middle school.A. wouldB. willC. couldD. should12. ---Tomorrow I will tell Tom that I found his dictionary.---You him yesterday. He has already bought a new one.A. should tellB. must tellC. should have toldD. must have told13. ---Did you go to the Great Wall when you were in Beijing?---No. We it, but we spent too much time at the Summer Palace.A. could have visitedB. must have visitedC. couldn’t have visitedD. shouldn’t have visited14. According to my schedule, I fix my car this Sunday, but I am not sure whether I will be free.A. willB. shouldC. couldD. may15. Since he can make a variety of delicious food, he be called the chief chef.A. mustB. would ratherC. wouldD. may well16. I am a stranger in this city, so I but go with the guide.A. may notB. shouldn’tC. cannotD. need not17. ---Who it be knocking at the door?---It be Jerry, but I’m not sure.A. can; mayB. must; canC. may; mustD. should; must18. I can’t find my grammar book. Who have taken it?A. couldB. mustC. wouldD. should19. You so late last night. We still have enough time to finish it.A. must have workedB. might have workedC. needn’t have workedD. wouldn’t have worked20. There are so many people in the supermarket. We well stay where we are in case they can’t find us.A. dareB. may asC. canD. can as21. ---Lily and Mark got divorced (离婚) yesterday?---What a surprise! Who have thought of such an end?A. willB. mustC. needD. should22. She worked hard all the time so that she with the others.A. may keep upB. could keep upC. could have kept upD. may have kept up23. ---The film is really dull.---Yes, I have stayed at home and I regret having seen it now.A. needB. wouldC. would ratherD. feel like24. The storm spread through the area very quickly but everyone move to safer grounds.A. mayB. used toC. needD. was able to25. Mum, let’s go to Australia for the holiday this autumn, ? I’m sure we both will have a good time there!A. shall weB. can we D. will you D. shall you26. This is Jack’s bike. Jack must be singing in the classroom, he?A. mustn’tB. mustC. isn’tD. is27. Someone in a red sweater is walking towards us. it be Steven?A. CouldB. NeedC. WouldD. Must28. As a driver, you be too careful.A. shouldB. canC. shouldn’tD. can’t29. ---Lisa, the tea is still hot, so they far. ---Yes, let’s follow them. Hurry up!A. can’t have goneB. shouldn’t have goneC. can’t goD. shouldn’t go30. I am surprised she refuse my offer without any reason.A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. may31. One of the few things you say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about theweather.A. needB. mustC. shouldD. can32. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.A. could expressB. would expressC. could have expressedD. must have expressed33. I can’t leave. She told me that I stay here until she comes back.A. canB. mustC. willD. may34. ---I can’t find my purse anywhere.---You have lost it while shopping.A. mayB. canC. shouldD. would35. It have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. mayB. canC. mustD. should36. John promised his doctor he not smoke, and he has never smoked ever since.A. mightB. shouldC. couldD. would37. Although this sound like a simple task, great care is needed.A. mustB. mayC. shallD. should38. You don’t have to know the name of the author to find a book. You find the book by the title.A. mustB. needC. canD. would39. ---What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?---Well, it be big —that’s not important.A. must n’tB. needn’tC. can’tD. won’t40. Peter be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in general.A. shallB. shouldC. canD. must41. According to the air traffic rules, you switch off your mobile phone before boarding.A. mayB. canC. wouldD. should42. We had to make the corrections by hand as the computer do them for us.A. mightn’tB. needn’tC. shouldn’tD. wouldn’t43. ---What does the sign over there read?---“No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”A. willB. mayC. shallD. must44. ---Turn off the TV, Jack. your homework how? ---Mum, just ten more minutes, please.A. Should you be doingB. Shouldn’t you be doingC. Couldn’t you be doingD. Will you be doing45. The biggest problem for most plants, which just get up and run away when threatened, is that animalslike to eat them.A. shan’tB. can’tC. needn’tD. mustn’t46. My MP4 player isn’t in my bag. Where I have put it?A. canB. mustC. shouldD. would47. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A. should have takenB. could have takenC. needn’t have takenD. mustn’t have taken48. I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there.A. couldB. mustC. mightD. should49. ---What do you think we can do for our aged parents?---You do anything except to be with them and be yourself.A. don’t have toB. ought n’t toC. mustn’tD. can’t50. If it were not for the fact that she sing, I would invite her to the party.A. couldn’tB. shouldn’tC. can’tD. might notⅢ、情态动词答案1—5 DBDBC 6—10 BDBCC 11—15 ACABD 16—20 CAACB21—25 DBCDA 26—30 CADAB 31—35 DCBAC 36—40 DBCBC41—45 DDCBB 46—50 ACDAC。