listen this way 3 unit 5
Listen this way听力教程第三册unit4
Unit 4 Reports on Disasters & AccidentsPart I.firebomb/shopping/several /1,000 tornadoescar ferry/ taken over/ Green Action FrontSouth Korea/ 270/ thousandsrobbed/ 5/ lunchtime/ 10,000hurricane/ 100/ twenty/ 100Hijacked/ TuesdayPart II. Hurricanes & tornadoesA. 1. a storm2.about 20003. the winds were up to 75 miles an hour4. the Indian army5. destroyed/links/ collapsed6. more than 40 people7. over 100,000 peopleLarge numbers of villages have been completely cut off. The official said the death toll could reach 2000. the Indian army has been called into help the relief effort. From Deli. Here is David Willis.The storm with winds of up to 75 miles an hour struck India’s southeast coast, flattening homes, destroying crops and cutting transport links. Eyewitnesses reported tidal waves more than 12 feet high. The storm was followed by torrential rains, which swept away roads and railway lines, and flooded low lying areas. More than 40 people are thought to have died when a ferry sank. But most of the deaths have been due to flooding, houses collapsing or elctrocutions. More than 100,000 people have been evacuated from their homes and are taking shelter in relief camps. After surveying the flooded area by helicopter, the chief minister said it resembled a burial ground. He’s appealed to the federal government to treat the incident as a national calamity. David Willis.1. The worst of the heavy rains and thunderstorms appears to be overin parts of EuropeDuring the past weekAffectedAt least fivebecause emergency warnings were issued before.1. c2 b3. d4. bNine hours Greenwich Mean Time. The news read by Wendy Gordon. The worst of the heavy rains and thunderstorms that have been sweeping parts of Europe during the past week appears to be over. Exceptionally heavy rainfall brought flooding to many parts of Germany, Switzerland, Northern Italy and France and chaos to rail and road transport.Although most flights are expected to be back to normal by this time tomorrow, there are expected to be serious delays on the German and Italian motorways over the forthcoming holiday weekend and train services are unlikely to be normalized for several days. A government spokeswoman in Frace announced that the damage to homes and property is expected to be at least four thousand million francs. It is reported that at least five people have lost their lives. Experts agree that casualty figures are low because emergency warnings were issued on the day before the storms began. The federal government in Switzerland has urged motorists and rail travelers not to travel during the next few days and no international traffic will be allowed on the main north-south motorway routes across the country until next Tuesday.Part III. EarthquakesA.Another earthquake, the fifth in three days, hit Japan last night. Hundreds of homes have now been destroyed or badly damaged, and thousands have been made homeless since the earthquakes started. Many of the homeless have begun to make themselves makeshift shelters fom the rubble. Electricity, gas and water supplies have also been seriously disrupted. Experts believe that the country will be hit by more quakes during the next 48 hours.C.I. A. Sunday/ the 23rdB. in southern ItalyII. A. at least 400B. many more than 400III. A. in small towns and villages outside Naples1. hospital2. church3. private homesB. 1. eight or nine2. in the streets or squares3. countryside/ traffic jams4. telephone lines/ 5. electricity and waterIV. A. 1. the fog2. the cold weatherB. roadIt’s eight o’clock on Monday the 24th of November. At least 400 people are feared to have died in a major earthquake which shook large areas of southern Italy last night. As rescue work continues in wide areas of southern Italy it is becoming increasingly more likely that the present toll of 400 dead will rise much higher. The tremors were felt all over Italy, from the French border to Sicily, but the worst damage appears to be in small towns and villages, many of them very isolated, outside Naples. Naples itself has also been badly affected. In a little village about sixty miles east of the city scores of people are thought to have died as the earthquake hit a village hospital and a local church as well as many private homes. It appears that there was an evening service going on in the church at the time.In Naples it was the old part of the city which was worst affected—many buildings of eight or nine stories broke apart and collapsed as the earthquake hit at around 8 p.m. last night. A large proportion of inhabitants spent the night in the open in the streets or squares and as smaller tremors continue, more chaos has ensued as townspeople rush for the countryside, blocking roads and causing traffic jams. Telephone lines have been broken and electricity and water supplies are failing—the fog and cold conditions are making rescue operations very difficult in some of the remoter parts of the south particularly where road conditions are not very good.Our own correspondent has been to the disaster area and sends us this report.Part IV Earthquake TipsDuring an earthquakeWhen you feel an earthquake, duck under a desk or sturdy table. Stay away from windows, bookcases, file cabinets, heavy mirrors, hanging plants, and other heavy objects that could fall. Watch out for falling plaster and ceiling tiles. Stay undercover until the shaking stops, and hold onto your cover. If it moves, move with it. Below are some additional tips forspecific locations:If you are in a high-rise building, and not near a desk or table, move against an interior wall and protect your head with your arms. Do not use the elevators. Do not be surprised if the alarm or sprinkler systems come on. Stay indoors. Glass windows can dislodge during the quake and sail for hundreds of feet.If you’re outdoors, move to a clear area away from trees, signs, buildings, electrical wires and poles.If you’re on a sidewalk near buildings, duck into a doorway to protect yourself from falling bricks, glass, plaster, and other debris.If you’re driving, pull over to the side of the road and stop. Avoid overpasses, power lines, and other hazards. Stay inside the vehicle until the shaking is over .If you’re in a crowded store or other public place, do not rush for exits. Move away from display shelves containing objects that could fall.If you’re in a wheelchair, stay in it. Move to cover, if possible, lock you wheels, and protect your head with your arms.If you’re in the kitchen, move away from the refrigerator, stove, an d overhead cupboards. (Take time now to anchor appliances, and install security latches on cupboard doors to reduce hazards.)If you’re in a stadium or theater, stay in your seat and protect your head with your arms. Do not try to leave until the shaking is over, then leave in a calm, orderly manner. Avoid rushing towards exits.After the earthquake checklist.Be prepared for aftershocks, and plan where you will take cover when they occur.Check for injuries. Give first aid, as necessary.Remain calm and reassure others.Avoid broken glass.Check for fire. Take appropriate actions and precautions.Check gas, water, and electric lines. If damaged, shut off service. If gas is leaking, don ’t use matches, flashlights, appliances, or electric switches. Open windows, leaving building, and report to gas company.Replace all telephone receivers, and use for emergency calls only.Tune to the emergency broadcast station on the radio or television. Listen for emergency bulletins.Stay out of damaged buildings.Part V. do you know…?a2. d3. c4. b5. d6. cthere are three ways to get mushrooms, you can buy them, you can hunt them in the wild or you can grow them. Most Americans buy their mushrooms. They eat them many ways. They eat them uncooked in the salad, they cook them with onions and garlic slowly in butter or oil, or they make a hot soup out of them. People even make mushroom bread.Mushrooms are fungi. They lack the chlorophyll that makes plants green. They grow mainly on dead organic matter such as fallen trees. They are low in calories but high in vitamin B, potassium and niacin. There are hundreds of different kinds of mushrooms. They grow throughout the world. Some of them are very colorful. Most of them are safe to eat. Serious mushroom hunters call the fungi by their scientific names. Many people like to eat mushrooms but have no interest in their names. These people call mushrooms by their popular names such as “slippery Jack” or “chicken fat”.Some mushrooms are poisonous, that is why most Americans buy mushrooms in stores to be sure they are safe to eat. People can get very sick from eating poisonous mushrooms. Some years ago, in Russia, 300 people were rushed to a hospital. They had eaten poisonous mushrooms they had collected. Twenty of them died. That incident, however, was a rare one. Most Russian people know about mushrooms. They are very happy when mushroom hunting time arrives in the late summer and autumn. In August 1990, there was a failed attempt to oust then Russian President Mikhail Gorbachev. However, many people who live in Moscow did not know of the events taking place. They were in the country at the time, searching for mushrooms. During the wild mushroom season in Japan, satellites are used to find Shitokin mushrooms. In France, farmers sometimes use pigs to findmushrooms hidden under the ground. The mushroom reportedly smells like a pig in mating season. Next week, we will tell how to grow your mushrooms. Then , you can eat them throughout the year without the aid of satellites。
英语听力教程第三版(张民伦主编)Unit-5-Meet-People-from-around-the-World听力原文
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-5Unit 5 Meet People from around theWorldPart I Getting ready Audioscript:Presenter：Today Selina Kahn is in the arrival area at Gatwick Airport checking out today's topic -- national stereotypes. Selina ... Selinar：Thanks, John. I have with me Eric, who's just flown in with Virgin Atlantic from the USA.Eric：That's right. I've just come back from New York.Selinar：Is it as dangerous as they say?Eric：No, New York isn't dangerous, no more than any other big city, especially if you're careful and don't advertise the fact thatyou're a tourist.Selinar：And is it true what they say about New Yorkers, that they're rude, and that they only care about themselves?Eric：Well, I found the people were very friendly. However, they do have a reputation for not caring about other people. I think thereason for this is that life in New York is incredibly stressful.People just don't have the time to think about anybody else. Itisn't that they don't care.Selinar：Is there anything else you noticed about New Yorkers? Eric：Two things I had heard about before I went to New York did seem to be true, though. First is that they are always talkingabout money and how much things cost. Secondly, it's thatpeople eat all the time as they go about their daily lives, youknow they "graze on the hoof" as they walk about the streets. Selinar：Thanks Eric, and now I have with me, Sue, who's been to the south of France ...Part II New Icelanders Audioscript:New Zealand is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean about 1 200 miles southeast of Australia. It has about 2 575 000 people. Two thirds live on the North Islands, and one third on the larger South Island. Most of them are of British descent.Almost everyone in New Zealand knows how to read and write. The。
听力教程第三册-2张民伦unit9听力原文
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-9Unit 9 Romancing the StonePart I Getting readyA museum is an institution that cares for a collection of artifacts and other objects of scientific, artistic, cultural, or historical importance and makes them available for public viewing through exhibits that may be permanent or temporary. Most large museums are located in major cities throughout the world and more local ones exist in smaller cities, towns and even the countryside. The city with the largest number of museums is Mexico City with over 128 museums. According to the World Museum Community, there are more than 55,000 museums in 202 countries.Audioscript：1. The LouvreParis is an ancient city, witness to revolution, celebration and war. At its center stands the Louvre, once a royal palace and now one of the world's greatest museums. The Louvre is home to the most famous painting in human history -- The Mona Lisa. Her enigmatic smile is saidto conceal many secrets.2. The Vatican MuseumIn the middle of Rome stands the Vatican, the epicenter of Catholicism. It is both a fortified city and a place the Pope calls home. (Gracias. Gracias.) It also houses one of the most famous museums in the world, full of timeless treasures, each one with a story to tell. Of all of these none are more famous than the Sistine Chapel. All who enter here gaze up at the luminous frescos of Michelangelo.3. Toronto's Royal Ontario MuseumIt's an eye-popping Canadian landmark, a national treasure chest and a place of mystery. This is the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, the ROM. For every object on display, thousands more are hidden in backrooms far from public view. Enter the hall of Ancient Egypt, and the hair stand up on the back of your neck. You feel a presence of the ghosts. How did they live and how did they die? If only the mummies could speak.4. Cairo's Egyptian MuseumEgypt, here the towering monuments of the Pharaohs stand silent amid the roar of a modern city. Cairo is the largest metropolis in Africa, home to more than 20 million people. But at its center is a refugee from urban chaos. This is the museum of Egyptian antiquities, the treasure chest of Asian civilization and one of the most spectacular museums in the world. Visitors flock here by the millions to gaze into the eyes oflong dead Pharaohs and marvel at their dazzling sarcophagi of silver and gold.5. London's Natural History MuseumThe Natural History Museum in London, England, it's a cathedral of nature housing over 70 million specimens. During the day, thousands of visitors tour the galleries. But at night, when they've all gone home, this place seems to come alive with unforgettable stories about where we came from and where we are going. The galleries and dark passage ways invite those who dare to venture behind the scenes. Take a closer look and discover secrets that are disturbing and sometimes brutal.Part II "The Scream"Painting is a fascinating subject. Every time when you visit a museum, you will find something new even in the same painting. While looking at a painting, you can enjoy it for its beauty alone. Its lines, forms, colors, and composition may appeal to your senses and linger in your memory. Apart from that, you can also try to figure out what the painting describes. Does it describe the artist's impression of a scene or a person? Or does it describe the artist's feeling about the art of painting itself?Audioscript：Speaker 1: This picture is "The Scream" by Edvard Munch, and it's a very powerful picture, it's in black and white as, as you see it here. And um I think it's particularly powerful because mainly because of that figure who um, who is, who seems to be running off this bridge here holding his or her head in her hands and screaming. And um, what's very interesting about the picture are the two, the two figures at the end of the bridge or further up this road. And it's difficult to understand whether the person is running from them or whether they're just er innocent bystanders.Um, so the reason I, I like this picture, the reason I find it powerful is because I think that the person is not actually running from the two dark figures at the end of the bridge, but in fact the person is suffering er perhaps some kind of terrible loneliness or sadness, and is, actually seems to be trying to hide that feeling from those people. And I think this is a common feeling, I think this is something which we all do sometimes when, when we feel some feeling, usually a bad feeling, something like loneliness or terrible unhappiness, we don't want other people to see that, and er so we, we have to try and hide that feeling from, from other members of the, of the public. And I feel that's what this man or woman is doing in the picture here.Audioscript：Speaker 2: As a design, the picture's very strong as well. The, the bridge or the street is a very strong diagonal line which goes through the, the picture. And then to the, to the right of the screamer's head there's a series of dark vertical lines -- it's difficult to know what that is, perhaps it's a field or maybe it could be a wall, it's difficult to know exactly what it is, but those dark vertical lines somehow depress the picture, which is exactly what the artist wanted. And then at the, at the top, you have the sky, which the artist has, has er made in the form perhaps of clouds, which are very strong horizontal lines, very, very bold black lines which again seem to push the whole picture down, and add to the depression of the, the experience which the, the screamer is er, is feeling.Part III Taj MahalThe Taj Mahal is a white marble mausoleum located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was built by Mogul emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. The Taj Mahal is widely recognized as the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage. Audioscript：There's no building more romantic or more tragic than the Taj Mahal. On June the 17th, 1631, Mumtaz Mahal, the wife of the Mogul Emperor, Shah Jahan, died while giving birth to her fourteenth child.So, in response to the death of his wife, Shah Jahan created one of the most famous buildings in the world, the Taj Mahal, a vision of perfection, of paradise on Earth. The emotional power of the Taj Mahal comes not just from its ruthless symmetry and its dazzling white material, but also from the purity and simplicity really of its forms. In line with Islamic thinking, it is not loaded with images of living beings, banned in the Koran, but by simple abstract decoration, lettering. In this sense very much less ornamentation gives more emotional power.As you approach nearer, the Taj Mahal, its scale, its craftsmanship become almost overwhelming. It took twenty thousand people twenty years to complete this great structure and its white marble is inlaid with twenty-eight different sorts of precious and semi-precious stones. But, this isn't a palace or a mosque. It's a mausoleum. It's a monument to grief. At this level and so near, I can see just how exquisite and subtle the Taj Mahal is. The inlay is amazing, like a jewel box. And the white marble is carved and the surface is mottled in architectural detail. It was a great surprise, being inside the Taj Mahal is like being inside a living being. It moans and it groans. There's no question about it, as a monument to grief and to heartbreak and the expression of agony and pain that lost all that was precious in this world and longing for the next, the Taj Mahal has no equal. It's unsurpassed.Audioscript：The twist to the story of the Taj Mahal is in the nearby Red Fort where the final tragic episode of Shah Jahan's life was played out. It's here that the myth of the Taj was born, where it enters the world of legend.Shah Jahan, the great emperor, became ill. He suffered a stroke and this provoked a ruthless, vicious struggle for power among his four sons. They fought, they battled and Aurangzeb, the most skilful, the most vicious I suppose of the four sons, prevailed. He killed his three brothers in battle and by treachery and when he had his father, Shah Jahan in his power, he imprisoned him here in the Fort. So for Shah Jahan his great empire had been reduced to the area of this courtyard, and he would stand where I am standing now, contemplating the view, looking at the great mausoleum over there. This is a spectacular view, but it could have been more spectacular still. It is said that Shah Jahan, if he hadn't lost control of his empire, would have built himself a mausoleum opposite that of his wife, and his one would have been clad in black marble, to match the white marble of the Taj Mahal.The story of the black Taj is an invention of the 18th century, but one that reflects, reinforces the fantasy surrounding a building dedicated to love and to what could have been.Part IV More about the topic:British Sculptures Now and ThenSculpture has changed more radically in the past 100 years than in the preceding 30 000. British sculptors have led the way thanks to their restless originality. Today British sculpture is a hugely expressive medium with almost limitless possibilities. Sometimes that sheer variety can be a bit bewildering but in British sculpture's long history, this may turn out to be the greatest chapter yet. Audioscript：Welcome to the British Museum, London, home to ancient art, and the unlikely birthplace of modern sculpture. Throughout the 19th century, British sculptors came here to study the famous ancient Greek marbles that once adorned the Parthenon in Athens. They went on show at the British Museum at the start of 1817 and were soon considered the epitome of what sculpture could and should be. Classical, heroic forms, they're naturalistic, harmoniously proportioned, completely devoid of distortion. They offer a vision of a highly sophisticated society -- the bedrock, if you like, of Western civilization.But at the beginning of the 20th century, a group of bohemian, bold, renegade young sculptors began to look elsewhere in the museum for inspiration. The hieratic art of Ancient Egypt, carved direct into stone. The carving of the Pacific, free of classical proportions. The reliefs of ancient Assyria, so different from the Parthenon. And the sculpture ofCentral America -- full of sex and death. Early in the 20th century,non-European works like these kick-started a revolution in British sculpture.Since then, in the search for new forms of self-expression, British sculptors have broken all the old rules. There's been controversy as their vision has clashed with convention.TV news: The sculptor of a house who won this year's Turner Art Prize has watched her work being demolished.There's been conservatism, whimsy, mass-production. But in a golden age of creativity, our artists have often led the way -- making British sculpture part of a new, international language. Instead of gods or heroes, they project their own inner world, leaving us to decide what their sculptures mean. They've pushed the boundaries so far, we're no longer even sure what sculpture is.It's been a story of revolution and liberation of the sculptor free to soar unfettered into the realm of the imagination, to the point where the concept behind the work, not the skill of its execution, has become king. Today, the sculptor isn't someone chipping away at a block of marble, but a kind of sage who can spot beauty and meaning in the world around us, and bring it to our attention in the gallery.Part V Do you know ...?Most of us like to hang beautiful things on our walls. They're statements of our personal taste or reflections of the things we love. But few of us can afford to go to swanky Mayfair galleries or posh auction houses to buy art. 1.5 million quid for a slice of abstract expressionism is a bit beyond most pockets in these recessionary times. In fact, half of Britain's living rooms have art on the walls which has been bought on the high street from stores like Ikea, Habitat, B&Q or Argos. Audioscript：Aside：Nowadays, art is all around us. It's in the streets, and it's part of the modern landscape. In the past few years, we've built greattemples to art up and down the country, whether it's theBaltic in Gateshead or the Tate Modern in London. Artgalleries have become people-friendly places drawing hugecrowds. Modern art is now something we can all participatein. It's fashionable, it's cool. Its artists are superstars. Butwhat sort of art do we want in our living rooms?Hostess：I'm going to venture into the domestic art galleries we all inhabit. It's a world where individuality meets mass marketand personal taste is more important than art history.Man 1：Yeah, I don't know anything about the history of these ...these pictures, but I just like the colors. Colors repre ...They're superb for what we wanted. WoMan 1：Natural landscapes I really like, so stormy seas and skies with wintry trees, just the skeletons, but I think they're moreeffective in black and white. Girl: It's the ... The sky's like ina nice color, and the sea is very beautiful.Man 2：I like mountains. I'm a mountain guy, so I like pictures with mountains on it. WoMan 2：I don't like Pollock, because it just seems a bit messy, but I do like that wild flinging, painter to canvas.Aside：If you want to buy art for your home, you could start at the top.This is London's Mayfair, where you can spend squillions onan original work of art. Down the road at Tate Modern,things are a little bit more user-friendly. There's fun to be hadfor all the family. And in the shop, there's a vending machinewhere you can order your own personal masterpiece to takehome. The mass reproduction of art is now big business, andone of the biggest players in town is the Art Group, whichsupplies art galleries, shops and superstores around the worldfrom its factory in Northampton. The Art Group started offwith just a single stall on Camden Market 25 years ago. Itsslogan was, "Art for all." Now it runs a 24-hour productionline and is a multimillion-pound business employing 300people.Hostess：So when people think of art, they think of these perfect white spaces, silent, contemplative, and here you've got thethunder of machinery, the vaulted warehouse ... DarrenBooker (Operation Director): Absolutely.Hostess：I like it, actually.Darren：This is ... This is art on a big scale. It doesn't matter if you make ten a day or 10 000 a week. It still has to be perfect. Hostess：Amazing how recognizable all these images are. I don't have any, I don't own any, but they've sort of seeped into myconsciousness from, you know, trips to Ikea or Habitat orArgos or wherever. So what's the effect of the price of thissort of art coming down?Darren：I think the real effect is that it's now in ... in more reach of everyone. People are now able to afford this, and in manyways it now becomes a disposable piece of artwork. Art'sbecoming more fashionable, and people will tend to decoratemore frequently, change their art more frequently, which isall so great for us.Hostess：Because they can.Hostess：I can see Klimt hanging on the wall. Is this a big ... is Klimta big guy for you?Darren：Yeah, he's a very successful artist, very well known, a good seller.Hostess：Do you think Klimt would have ever thought, as heanguished over that picture, that years later people in afactory would be nailgunning it to a piece of MDF? It's art aslifestyle, I guess.Part VII Watch and enjoyThe Sistine Chapel is a large and renowned chapel of the Apostolic Palace, the official residence of the Pope in the Vatican City. The fame of the Sistine Chapel lies mainly in the frescos that decorate the interior, and most particularly the Sistine Chapel ceiling and The Last Judgment by Michelangelo. The fame of Michelangelo's paintings has drawn multitudes of visitors to the chapel, ever since they were revealed five hundred years agoVideoscript：In the middle of Rome stands the Vatican, the epicenter of Catholicism. It is both a fortified city and a place the Pope calls home. (Gracias. Gracias.) It also houses one of the most famous museums in the world, full of timeless treasures, each one with a story to tell. Of all of these none are more famous than the Sistine Chapel.All who enter here gaze up at the luminous frescos of Michelangelo. What few people know is that his masterpiece was an afterthought. When the chapel was constructed the walls were filled with monumental murals. But the ceiling was just decorated with a simple field of stars. Thirty years later Pope Julius II decided it needed a new paint job. When he gave the task to Michelangelo, he took a leap of faith because the artist was not then a famous painter, but an upcoming sculptor of the human form. His transformation of the ceiling, an area the size of two basketball courts, would be completed in just four years. How did a brilliant but inexperienced painter complete the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in such a short time? Five hundred years later when Vatican's staff embarked on the restoration project, they got the chance to uncover this museum secret.The restoration team spent nine years up onto the ceiling in the 1980s. It took them twice as long to clean the ceiling as it did Michelangelo to paint it.The largest figures on the ceiling are nearly 20 feet across. Michelangelo did not attempt to paint them freehand. Each figure started as a sketch or cartoon, followed by a procedure that art experts like William Wallace refer to as pouncing.Wallace: Pouncing is the means of transferring the cartoon to the plaster, so the cartoon is actually being pricked with little tiny holes and charcoal dust in a bag is actually pounced or pounded onto the cartoon. Okay. We see the head beautifully pounced and the hand beautifully pounced.But pouncing was a slow process and Michelangelo was under pressure for an aging Pope who wanted to see the ceiling completed before he died. So Michelangelo exchanged the charcoal for a blade, allowing him to quickly incise the lines of the sketch directly onto the plaster.On a scaffold 18 hours a day, seven days a week, constantly craning his neck up, paint dripping into his eyes, no one can say Michelangelo didn't suffer for art. In the fourth year of his labor, he even described it in a poem:"With my neck puffed out like a pigeon,Belly hanging like an empty sack,Beard pointed at the ceiling and,My brain fallen back within my head."Michelangelo kept going because he was tough and determined, but that doesn't explain how he could work on a scaffold just a few feet from the ceiling and yet paint figures in perfect perspective when seeing from far below. The answer may be because he started his career as a sculptor. Elizabeth (Art historian): When Michelangelo imagines a figure moving, it's moving inwards, outwards and space, and therefore creates this wonderful perspective. People ask all the time, "Is that real? Is the architecture real? Are they sticking out the ceiling? Are they 3D?"If one removes the frescos from the ceiling, Michelangelo's mastery of perspective becomes even more impressive. He works magic with his paints, creating lifelike 3 D figures even when the background tilts the wrong way.Elizabeth (Art historian): Jonah was painted on a piece of plaster that tilts towards us, and yet looking at the figure Jonah appears to tilt backwards. It was something that he knew would fly in the face of all the people that criticized him at the beginning of the assignment say, "Oh, but Michelangelo doesn't know anything about painting." Michelangelo denies the laws of physics through his painting. It's the same kind of special effect that people marvel at in something like Avatar.So how did Michelangelo complete his masterpiece in just 4 years? Determination, physical endurance and 3D virtualosity are only part of the answer. The rest is surely quite simply, genius.Every morning when the gates open, thousands of visitors head straight to the Sistine Chapel. To stand for a moment in a place that combines the power of god and the genius of man.。
英语听力教程第三版(张民伦主编)Unit 2 Wildlife Conservatin听力原文
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-2Unit 2 Wildlife ConservationPart Ⅰ Getting readygravely：严重species：物种extinct：灭种on the brink：在边缘can't afford to wait any more：不能再等待take action：采取行动abbreviations ：缩写acronyms：首字母缩略词IUCN -- International Union for the Conservation of Nature：世界自然保护联盟convention：会议;全体与会者;国际公约;惯例，习俗，规矩CITES -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species：华盛顿公约，濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约conservation：保存;保护;避免浪费;对自然环境的保护UNEP -- United Nations Environmental Program：联合国环境规划署WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature ：世界自然基金会regulate：调节;控制，管理promote the conservation：促进保护under the auspices of：在…的帮助或支持下;有…赞助的prohibit：禁止endangered species：濒危野生动植物种encourage partnerships in doing sth：鼓励伙伴partnership：伙伴关系;合伙人身份;合作关系;合营公司inspiring information：鼓舞人心的信息improve their quality of life：改善生活品质without compromising：不妥协enable sb to do sth：使……能raise funds for ：筹款giant panda：大熊猫a global network：全球网Gland：格兰德Switzerland：瑞士biological diversity：生物多样性ecosystem services：生态系统服务variety：种类a breathable atmosphere：洁净的（能够呼吸的）空气reduce in number ：数量减少role：任务negligible：以忽略的;微不足道的apes：猿whales：鲸seals：海豹marine turtles：海龟walrus：海象dolphins：海豚crocodiles：鳄鱼bludgeon：攻击;威胁，强迫campaign：运动sanctuaries：庇护所sea sanctuary：海洋保护区protected-nesting sites ：受保护的营巢区nesting site：营巢区;筑巢区;巢址pollute：污染ivory：象牙porpoise：动鼠海豚come into force：开始生效habitat：（动物的）栖息地，住处compromise：妥协roll off：辗轧;下降breed：繁殖public appeal：公众诉求;呼吁slaughter：屠宰（动物）;大屠杀make a donation：捐款Wild animals and wild plants and the wild places where they live are gravely threatened almost everywhere. One species has become extinct in each year of this century; and many hundreds are now on the brink. We can't afford to wait any more. It is time that we take action.A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.1. habitat: the natural home of a planet or animal2. species: a group of plants or animals of the same kind, which are alike in all important ways and can breed together3. bludgeon: hit with a heavy object4. census: a count of a total population5. logistics: the planning and implementation of the details of any operation6. degrade: bring down7. adversely: in the manner of going against, opposing8. refuge: a place that provides protection or shelter from danger9. aquatic: living in or on water10. mussel: a small sea animal living inside a black shell whose soft body can be eaten as food (淡菜)11. staple food: basic food or main food that one normally eats12. picky eater: someone who is very careful about choosing only what they like to eat13. shrink: to become or cause to become smaller in size14. case study: a detailed analytical study of a person or something with a view to making generalizationsB Listen to some abbreviations and acronyms of some organizations and some information about them. Fill in the blanks.Audioscript:1. IUCN -- International Union for the Conservation of Nature, is the organization established by the United Nations to promote the conservation of wildlife and habitats as part of the national policies of member states.2. CITES -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. is an international agreement under the auspices of the IUCN with the aim of regulating trade in endangered species of animals and plants. The agreement came into force in 1975 and by 1991 had been signed by 110 states. It prohibits any trade in a category of 8,000 highly endangered species and controls trade in a further 30,000 species.3. UNEP -- United Nations Environmental Program, aims to provide leadershi p and encourage partnerships in caring for the environment by inspiring information and enabling nations and people to improve their quality of life without compromising that of future generations.4. WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature (formerly World Wildlife Fund), is an international organization established in 1961 to raise funds for conservation by public appeal. Projects include conservation of particular species, for example, the tiger and giant panda. With almost five million supporters distributed throughoutfive continents, WWF has a global network active in over 90 countries. Its headquarters are in Gland, Switzerland.Biological diversity provides us with a variety of special "ecosystem services", such as clean water, a breathable atmosphere and natural climate control. However, many kinds of wild animals have been so reduced in number that their role in the ecosystem is negligible. Animals like the great apes, the whales, seals, and marine turtles are under particular pressure.C Listen to the conversation. Match column A, which is alist of the names of some endangered animals, with column B, which gives the information about those endangeredanimals. Then anwser the questions.Questions:1. What do people at the World Wildlife Fund work for according to the woman?They work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife.2. What are they doing in order to protect those endangered animals? They are campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species. Protected-nesting sites for turtles have been set up.3. Can you guess the meaning of "sea sanctuaries"?It refers to the places of safety in the sea where sea animals are protected and allowed to live freely.Audioscript:A: Hello, I'm calling on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fund. If you've got a few minutes I'd like to tell you what that means.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife. The seas, for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction;turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slaughtered for their meat and oil...B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make handbags and shoes; walruses are hunted for their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludgeoned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of extinction hangs over several species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.B: Very interesting.A: Aided by our campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have already been set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a donation?Part II Christmas bird countsbe deemed：（被）认为，视为，断定fortunes ：命运critically：危急;严重perilous：危险的，冒险的at risk of ：有……危险imminent extinction：即将灭绝lose a species：丧失一个物种residents：居民maintaining：保持sustain：维持;支撑;忍受quality：质量sustaining the quality of lives ：维持生活质量John James Audubon ：约翰·詹姆斯·奥杜邦，1785年4月26日-1851年1月27日)，美国画家、博物学家，他绘制的鸟类图鉴被称作“美国国宝”illustrate：说明；描绘；画插图in their natural habitats：自然居住地conservationist：自然资源保护者，生态环境保护者feather：羽毛，翎毛manufacture：制造sponsored by ：赞助;发起the National Audubon Society：全国奥杜邦（鸟类保护）协会Bermuda：百慕大群岛（北大西洋西部群岛）Pacific islands：太平洋岛屿volunteer：志愿者bird count：鸟类的清点experienced：有经验的bird watcher：野鸟观察者，鸟类观察家diameter：直径observe：观察actually ：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎longest-running：播放时间最长的census：人口普查，统计;人口财产调查ornithology：鸟类学;鸟学scheduled：排定，进度表logistics：组织工作ideal：理想；目标virtually：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎identify ：识别，认出Panama：巴拿马esthetic value：审美价值indicator：指示器habitat alteration：栖息地变更signal：信号，暗号;预兆，征象degrade：降低，贬低;使降级degradation：退化;堕落;降级adversely：反对;不利地;有害地annual：每年Christmas bird counts：对诞（岛）数鸟decline：下降One in eight of the world's bird species is deemed globally threatened and the fortunes of 198 critically endangered species are now so perilous that they are at risk of imminent extinction. Many people feel that every time we lose a species, the world becomes a poorer place. The more successful we are at maintaining or improving the living conditions of the Earth'smany residents, the better our chances will be of sustaining the quality of all species' lives on Earth.A Listen to a news report. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the notes column according to the following cues. While listening for the second time, supply the missing information.Event: Christmas bird countsTime: from Christmas to Jan. 3rdSponsored by: the National Audubon SocietyParticipants:Numbers:more than 40,000 volunteersBackground: from all 50 states of the U.S., every Canadianprovince, parts of Central and SouthAmerica', Bermuda, the West Indiesand Pacific islandsNumber of bird counts this year: more than 1 600 separate bird countsThe logistics of bird counts: Each individual count is in a 15 mile diameter circle around the exact center point.Origin of the National Audubon Society: It was named after an American artist John James Audubon, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society was founded in the late1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds.B Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the report. Complete the summary of this year's Christmas bird counts.Christmas bird counts will start from Christmas to January 3rd., sponsored by the National Audubon Society. This year more than 40 000 volunteers from the U.S., Canada, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands will be outside counting birds. The counts are not only for experienced bird watchers but anyone that is interested or concerned as well.This year more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people taking part, others with hundreds. Every individual count is in a 15 mile diameter circle around the exact center point. Bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on t he number of birds they actually see.The traditional Christmas bird count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.Audioscript:John James Audubon was an American artist in the early 1800s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late 1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manufacture of women's hats.Sponsored by the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000 volunteers will be outside counting birds from today until January3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands have begun to count and record every individual bird and bird species observed during the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.This year, according to Mr. LeBaron , more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10people taking part, others with hundreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple."Each individual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, even on the same weekend during the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this census: every single individual bird within that circle on the count day."Mr. LeBaron says experienced bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on the number of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experienced bird watchers."Anybody that is interested or concerned can become involved. Beginners will go out in a party with experienced individuals who know both the area and the birds in the area, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and someone in the field will always be able to identify the bird."C Now listen to what Mr. Lebaron says about the information concerning birds. Complete the outline.OutlineI. Total number of known species -- about 9 300II. HabitatA. Larger numbers living in the warmer climatese.g. more than 300 different species counted in PanamaB. far fewer species native to colder climatesIII. ValueA. importance to the environment1. indicator of the quality of environment2. sensitive to habitat alterationB. esthetic value1. getting pleasure out of looking at birds andlistening to birds2. mental quality of life degraded without birds IV. Birds' populationA. some species -- decliningB. many types -- increasingAudioscript:Mr. LeBaron says there are about 9 300 different known species of birds. Larger numbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more than 300 different species have been counted in Panama, while far fewer species are native to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the environment because they can signal changes in it."Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there including humans."National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populations a source of wealth that humans must protect. "People get so much pleasure out of looking at birds and listening to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life,um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually increasing their populations.Part III Dolphin captivityin captivity：养在笼子（或池子，等）里；囚禁announcer：播音员thesis statements：文意，简述论文，论文主题Colorado Public Radio：科罗拉多州公共广播电台aquatic park：水上公园Denver：丹佛（美国科罗拉多州）ire：愤怒dolphin ：海豚instigate：教唆;煽动;激起a former navy dolphin trainer ：前海军海豚训练员Florida：佛罗里达州ranges：范围family-oriented：面向家庭的；群居的concrete tank：混凝土水箱，混凝土油罐，混凝土贮水池sonar：声呐装置bounce off：试探（某人对某一新设想和意见），大发议论ocean explorer：海洋探险家reject：拒绝;抛弃suicidal：自杀的，自杀性的;自我毁灭的，自取灭亡的;于己不利pool ：池子a very sophisticated brain：发达的大脑sophisticated：复杂的;精致的;富有经验的;深奥微妙的Portland：波特兰(俄勒冈州)Oregon.：俄勒冈州captive dolphins ：被捕的海豚Sarasota Bay：萨拉索塔湾（佛罗里达州）Florida：佛罗里达州the census data ：统计数据distribution：分配，分布debate：讨论;辩论;争论marine mammal：海洋哺乳动物organisms：有机体;生物operate：操作，运行metabolically：代谢的anti-educational：对抗教育，反教育，逆教育natural behavior ：自然行为alter：改变;更改stranded：处于困境的beach：海滩fractured ribs or jaws：头骨、肋骨、下颌骨骨折pros：同意，支持cons：反对We have learned a great deal by observing the animals kept in the zoo. However, wildlife is wild. Do you think we are protecting them or making them suffer by keeping them in captivity?A The following words are used in the news interview. Listen to the words first. Study the definitions carefully.1. ire: anger2. instigate: provoke to some action3. sonar: a method for finding and locating objects under water by means of the sound waves they reflect or produce4. bounce (off): (sound or light) reach the surface and is reflected back5. marine: of, near or living in the sea6. breed: produce offspring7. metabolically: pertaining to what is needed to function8. alter: change9. stranded: left abandonedB Listen to the news interview. There are five persons in it.Match column A with column B to indicate who's who.Then write out the thesis statements they are arguing about.Thesis Statement No. 1:Dolphins should be kept in captivity.Thesis Statement No. 2:There are educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity.C Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of theinterview. Write out each person's pros (agree with thethesis) or cons (disagree with the thesis) for each thesisstatement in note form.Audioscript:[Alan Tu is an announcer for Colorado Public Radio; Peter Jones is a reporter for Colorado Public Radio. The other speakers are identified in the report.]A: A planned aquatic park in Denver is raising the ire of animal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captivedolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's OceanJourneys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "NoDolphins in Denver" campaign. As Colorado Public Radio'sPeter Jones reports, the battle lines have been clearly drawn. P:Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolphins" campaign.R:Average age in the wild ranges anywhere in some of the studies between 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect adolphin to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity the dolphin population is dead.P:According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.R:If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is veryfamily-oriented. These animals are separated from theirmothers; that's a stress. You put them in a concrete tank where their sonar bounces off the walls, they can't swim in the sameamount of time and direction that they can in the wild.P:Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. I've had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as hecould from one end of the pool on ... to the other side anddestroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a verysophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to playwith the lives of these animals.P:Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portland State College inOregon. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death.And Duffield says life is generally getting better for captivedolphins.D: The census data say that every time I do a census, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at. So my feeling is that the trend incaptivity has been that the group of animals that we'refollowing are getting older, and if they continue to do that over the next five years, they will then indeed be older than the wild population.P:There is also a debate over the educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an important role in our basic understanding of the animals.D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do, and that watchingthem go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what ananimal needs, unless I know how it operates, how it breeds,what it needs metabolically, and I can't learn that from animals in the wild.P:But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because the animals' natural behavior patterns are altered by captivity.R:In the wild, you don't have dolphins who beat each other to death.There are no dolphins that I've ever seen stranded on the beach, who are suffering from fractured skulls, fractured ribs orfractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.P:The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphinsin the park. For Colorado Public Radio, I'm Peter Jones.Part IV More about the topic:Wildlife in dangera profound effect：深远的影响ecosystems：生态系统upsetting：倾复unclear：不清楚adapt enough to：适应得够adapt to：使适应于，能应付survive：活命mountain：山forest：林giant panda：大熊猫roughly：大约bamboo：竹子staple food：主食Michigan State University：密歇根州立大学a dramatic impact：巨大影响the long-term solution：长期的解决方案long-term：长期的;长远heat-resistant：耐热的，抗热的notoriously：恶名昭彰地;声名狼藉地picky eater：好挑食shrink：收缩，皱缩;（使）缩水;退缩，畏缩shrinking fish：水温高鱼变小consequence：结果metabolic：新陈代谢的metabolic rates：代谢率oxygen：氧气stay alive：活着predict：预言，预测kill off：消灭，一个接一个地杀死projection：预测;规划，设计relatively：关系上地;相对地;比较calculate：计算;估计;打算，计划;旨在case study：个案研究;专题;研究实例;范例分析unexpectedly：未料到地，意外地;竟;居然;骤然North Atlantic cod：北大西洋鳕鱼underestimate：低估haddock：小口鳕，黑线鳕Climate change is having a profound effect on ecosystems around the world, upsetting and altering the lives of numerous species of animals. As temperatures continue to rise, it's unclear whether all species will be able to adapt enough to survive, especially as other species in their ecosystems adapt by getting smaller or larger.A In the following report, you will learn some facts about the giant panda, an endangered species in China. Listen carefully and supply the missing information.There are roughly 1 600 pandas living in the wild, mainly in the mountain forests of western China. Bamboo is their staple food. And they eat up to 38 kg a day. But some species of the plant take many years to grow, which means they don't adapt to climate change. Scientists are now predicting that an increasing temperature of even 2°C will kill off the species the pandas need to survive. One of the study's authors is Professor Jack Lu of Michigan State University."Even by the middle of the century, this century, the impact will be very obvious. And by the end of the century, in many areas, 100 percent of this bamboo will be gone. And that's really a dramatic impact that people have not realized". Reducing global warming is the long-term solution and creating new panda habitats is another. It may also be possible to introduce new species of bamboo that are heat-resistant. But unfortunately, pandas are notoriously picky eaters and may reject even a slight change to their diet. Audioscript:There are roughly 1 600 pandas living in the wild, mainly in the mountain forests of western China. Bamboo is their staple food. And they eat up to 38 kg a day. But some species of the plant take many years to grow, which means they don't adapt to climate change. Scientists are now predicting that an increasing temperature of even 2°C will kill off the species the pandas need to survive. One of the study's authors is Professor Jack Lu of Michigan State University. "Even by the middle of the century, this century, the impact will be very obvious. And by the end of the century, in many areas, 100 percent of this bamboo will be gone. And that's really a dramatic impact that people haven not realized". Reducing global warming is the long-term solution and creating new panda habitats is another. Itmay also be possible to introduce new species of bamboo that are heat-resistant. But unfortunately, pandas are notoriously picky eaters and may reject even a slight change to their diet.B The following report is about shrinking fish found in thesea as a consequence of global warming. While listening for the first time, note down as many key words as you can inthe left-hand column. After the second listening, fill in thegaps in the summary in the right-hand column with the help of the notes.Audioscript:Although projections of global temperature rises show relatively small changes at the bottom of the oceans, the resulting impacts on fish body size are "unexpectedly large", according to this research. As ocean temperatures increase, so do the body temperatures and metabolic rates of the fish. This means they use more oxygen to stay alive and, according to the researchers, they have less avalilable for growth.They've calculated that up to 2050, fish will shrink in size by between 14 and 24 percent, with the Indian and Atlantic Oceans worst affected. The warming waters are also likely to drive fish more towards the poles, leading to smaller species living in areas like the North Sea.According to the scientists, their models may underestimate the potential impacts. When they looked at case studies involving North Atlantic cod and haddock, they found that recorded data on these fish showed greater decreases in actual body size than the models predicted.Part V Do you know ...?catalog：目录，目录册，目录簿inhabit v.：居住the planet：这个行星（地球）estimate：估计，预测;报价，exceeding：胜过in the form of parks：在公园的形式下wildlife refuge：野生动物保护区reserve：保护区，保存，储备aquatic animal：水生动物crayfish：淡水螯虾（肉）;龙虾mussel：贻贝，蚌类;淡菜In general, an endangered species is one that's in immediate danger of becoming extinct. Its numbers are usually low, and it needs protection in order to survive.Listen to some facts about endangered species. Pay special attention to the numbers.Audioscript:● Scientists hav e cataloged more than one and one-half million ofthe species that exist on Earth today. By some recent estimates, at least 20 times that many species inhabit the planet.● Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimatethat the total number of species lost each year may climb to40,000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.● Around the world more than 3 500 protected areas exist in theform of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 million square miles (5 million square km, or 3% of our total land area).● Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States areclassified as endangered. More than 1,000 animal species areendangered worldwide.● Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America,a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish speciesand nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble. Part VI Reminder of key points inthis unitPart VII Watch and enjoyYou're going to watch a video clip taken from Saving Species, a program by National Geographic Society. Watch carefully and decide whether the following statements are True or False. Write "T" or "F" for each statement.endangered species.creatures.plants and animals in immediate danger of extinction.endangered species in the America.of a biological catastohpe.depend utterly on other creatures for our very survival and therefore they're our companions in the biosphere.Videoscript::The first Europeans on this continent had a common enemy to conquer. It was called nature. America seemed to be an endless expanse of hostile wilderness. Bison wandered along the Potomac. Grizzly bears strolled the beaches of California. Human beings did not even know it was possible for a species to go extinct, but we。
listen this way 3 unit 1
英语听力教程 3
Unit?
Part Ⅰ.Getting ready
vicious adj. 恶毒的；恶性的 vicious circle 恶性循环； virtuous circle 良性循环 monsoon season 雨季；季节性大雨； hygiene n. [U] 卫生（学），保健学 summit n. [C] 政府首脑会议，峰会； EU-China summit 中欧峰会 think tank（政治、社会、经济问题的）智囊团，
智库，专家小组
Part Ⅰ.Getting ready
Proper names: Carbon dioxide （二氧化碳） Amazon forest （亚马逊热带雨林）rainforest the Sahara Desert （沙哈拉沙漠） Rio de Janeiro 里约热内卢(巴西共和国的旧首都) Brasilia 巴西利亚 (the capital of Brazil) （1960）
CO₂ and other greenhouse gases, over a
hundred countries are sending delegations.
But how much progress has been made
implementing the greenhouse gas reduction
Tapescript: The Earth at risk (Ⅰ)
Brian Cowles: Starting with Africa, our film shows the impact of the population on the environment. Generally speaking, this has caused the Sahara Desert to expand. It’s a bit of a vicious circle we find. People cut down trees for firewood and their domestic animals eat all the available plants– and so consequently they have to move south as the Sahara Desert expands further south.
英语听力教程第三版(张民伦主编)Unit-2-Wildlife-Conservatin听力原文
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-2Unit 2 Wildlife ConservationPart Ⅰ Getting readygravely：严重species：物种extinct：灭种on the brink：在边缘can't afford to wait any more：不能再等待take action：采取行动abbreviations ：缩写acronyms：首字母缩略词IUCN -- International Union for the Conservation of Nature：世界自然保护联盟convention：会议;全体与会者;国际公约;惯例，习俗，规矩CITES -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species：华盛顿公约，濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约conservation：保存;保护;避免浪费;对自然环境的保护UNEP -- United Nations Environmental Program：联合国环境规划署WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature ：世界自然基金会regulate：调节;控制，管理promote the conservation：促进保护under the auspices of：在…的帮助或支持下;有…赞助的prohibit：禁止endangered species：濒危野生动植物种encourage partnerships in doing sth：鼓励伙伴partnership：伙伴关系;合伙人身份;合作关系;合营公司inspiring information：鼓舞人心的信息improve their quality of life：改善生活品质without compromising：不妥协enable sb to do sth：使……能raise funds for ：筹款giant panda：大熊猫a global network：全球网Gland：格兰德Switzerland：瑞士biological diversity：生物多样性ecosystem services：生态系统服务variety：种类a breathable atmosphere：洁净的（能够呼吸的）空气reduce in number ：数量减少role：任务negligible：以忽略的;微不足道的apes：猿whales：鲸seals：海豹marine turtles：海龟walrus：海象dolphins：海豚crocodiles：鳄鱼bludgeon：攻击;威胁，强迫campaign：运动sanctuaries：庇护所sea sanctuary：海洋保护区protected-nesting sites ：受保护的营巢区nesting site：营巢区;筑巢区;巢址pollute：污染ivory：象牙porpoise：动鼠海豚come into force：开始生效habitat：（动物的）栖息地，住处compromise：妥协roll off：辗轧;下降breed：繁殖public appeal：公众诉求;呼吁slaughter：屠宰（动物）;大屠杀make a donation：捐款Wild animals and wild plants and the wild places where they live are gravely threatened almost everywhere. One species has become extinct in each year of this century; and many hundreds are now on the brink. We can't afford to wait any more. It is time that we take action.A The following words and phrases will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.1. habitat: the natural home of a planet or animal2. species: a group of plants or animals of the same kind, which are alike in all important ways and can breed together3. bludgeon: hit with a heavy object4. census: a count of a total population5. logistics: the planning and implementation of the details of any operation6. degrade: bring down7. adversely: in the manner of going against, opposing8. refuge: a place that provides protection or shelter from danger9. aquatic: living in or on water10. mussel: a small sea animal living inside a black shell whose soft body can be eaten as food (淡菜)11. staple food: basic food or main food that one normally eats12. picky eater: someone who is very careful about choosing only what they like to eat13. shrink: to become or cause to become smaller in size14. case study: a detailed analytical study of a person or something with a view to making generalizationsB Listen to some abbreviations and acronyms of some organizations and some information about them. Fill in the blanks.Audioscript:1. IUCN -- International Union for the Conservation of Nature, is the organization established by the United Nations to promote the conservation of wildlife and habitats as part of the national policies of member states.2. CITES -- Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species. is an international agreement under the auspices of the IUCN with the aim of regulating trade in endangered species of animals and plants. The agreement came into force in 1975 and by 1991 had been signed by 110 states. It prohibits any trade in a category of 8,000 highly endangered species and controls trade in a further 30,000 species.3. UNEP -- United Nations Environmental Program, aims to provide leadershi p and encourage partnerships in caring for the environment by inspiring information and enabling nations and people to improve their quality of life without compromising that of future generations.4. WWF -- World Wide Fund for Nature (formerly World Wildlife Fund), is an international organization established in 1961 to raise funds for conservation by public appeal. Projects include conservation of particular species, for example, the tiger and giant panda. With almost five million supporters distributed throughoutfive continents, WWF has a global network active in over 90 countries. Its headquarters are in Gland, Switzerland.Biological diversity provides us with a variety of special "ecosystem services", such as clean water, a breathable atmosphere and natural climate control. However, many kinds of wild animals have been so reduced in number that their role in the ecosystem is negligible. Animals like the great apes, the whales, seals, and marine turtles are under particular pressure.C Listen to the conversation. Match column A, which is alist of the names of some endangered animals, with column B, which gives the information about those endangeredanimals. Then anwser the questions.Questions:1. What do people at the World Wildlife Fund work for according to the woman?They work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife.2. What are they doing in order to protect those endangered animals? They are campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species. Protected-nesting sites for turtles have been set up.3. Can you guess the meaning of "sea sanctuaries"?It refers to the places of safety in the sea where sea animals are protected and allowed to live freely.Audioscript:A: Hello, I'm calling on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fund. If you've got a few minutes I'd like to tell you what that means.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife. The seas, for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction;turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slaughtered for their meat and oil...B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make handbags and shoes; walruses are hunted for their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludgeoned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of extinction hangs over several species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.B: Very interesting.A: Aided by our campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have already been set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a donation?Part II Christmas bird countsbe deemed：（被）认为，视为，断定fortunes ：命运critically：危急;严重perilous：危险的，冒险的at risk of ：有……危险imminent extinction：即将灭绝lose a species：丧失一个物种residents：居民maintaining：保持sustain：维持;支撑;忍受quality：质量sustaining the quality of lives ：维持生活质量John James Audubon ：约翰·詹姆斯·奥杜邦，1785年4月26日-1851年1月27日)，美国画家、博物学家，他绘制的鸟类图鉴被称作“美国国宝”illustrate：说明；描绘；画插图in their natural habitats：自然居住地conservationist：自然资源保护者，生态环境保护者feather：羽毛，翎毛manufacture：制造sponsored by ：赞助;发起the National Audubon Society：全国奥杜邦（鸟类保护）协会Bermuda：百慕大群岛（北大西洋西部群岛）Pacific islands：太平洋岛屿volunteer：志愿者bird count：鸟类的清点experienced：有经验的bird watcher：野鸟观察者，鸟类观察家diameter：直径observe：观察actually ：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎longest-running：播放时间最长的census：人口普查，统计;人口财产调查ornithology：鸟类学;鸟学scheduled：排定，进度表logistics：组织工作ideal：理想；目标virtually：实际上，实质上，事实上，几乎identify ：识别，认出Panama：巴拿马esthetic value：审美价值indicator：指示器habitat alteration：栖息地变更signal：信号，暗号;预兆，征象degrade：降低，贬低;使降级degradation：退化;堕落;降级adversely：反对;不利地;有害地annual：每年Christmas bird counts：对诞（岛）数鸟decline：下降One in eight of the world's bird species is deemed globally threatened and the fortunes of 198 critically endangered species are now so perilous that they are at risk of imminent extinction. Many people feel that every time we lose a species, the world becomes a poorer place. The more successful we are at maintaining or improving the living conditions of the Earth'smany residents, the better our chances will be of sustaining the quality of all species' lives on Earth.A Listen to a news report. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the notes column according to the following cues. While listening for the second time, supply the missing information.Event: Christmas bird countsTime: from Christmas to Jan. 3rdSponsored by: the National Audubon SocietyParticipants:Numbers:more than 40,000 volunteersBackground: from all 50 states of the U.S., every Canadianprovince, parts of Central and SouthAmerica', Bermuda, the West Indiesand Pacific islandsNumber of bird counts this year: more than 1 600 separate bird countsThe logistics of bird counts: Each individual count is in a 15 mile diameter circle around the exact center point.Origin of the National Audubon Society: It was named after an American artist John James Audubon, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society was founded in the late1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds.B Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the report. Complete the summary of this year's Christmas bird counts.Christmas bird counts will start from Christmas to January 3rd., sponsored by the National Audubon Society. This year more than 40 000 volunteers from the U.S., Canada, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands will be outside counting birds. The counts are not only for experienced bird watchers but anyone that is interested or concerned as well.This year more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people taking part, others with hundreds. Every individual count is in a 15 mile diameter circle around the exact center point. Bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on t he number of birds they actually see.The traditional Christmas bird count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.Audioscript:John James Audubon was an American artist in the early 1800s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late 1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manufacture of women's hats.Sponsored by the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000 volunteers will be outside counting birds from today until January3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands have begun to count and record every individual bird and bird species observed during the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.This year, according to Mr. LeBaron , more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10people taking part, others with hundreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple."Each individual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, even on the same weekend during the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this census: every single individual bird within that circle on the count day."Mr. LeBaron says experienced bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on the number of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experienced bird watchers."Anybody that is interested or concerned can become involved. Beginners will go out in a party with experienced individuals who know both the area and the birds in the area, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and someone in the field will always be able to identify the bird."C Now listen to what Mr. Lebaron says about the information concerning birds. Complete the outline.OutlineI. Total number of known species -- about 9 300II. HabitatA. Larger numbers living in the warmer climatese.g. more than 300 different species counted in PanamaB. far fewer species native to colder climatesIII. ValueA. importance to the environment1. indicator of the quality of environment2. sensitive to habitat alterationB. esthetic value1. getting pleasure out of looking at birds andlistening to birds2. mental quality of life degraded without birds IV. Birds' populationA. some species -- decliningB. many types -- increasingAudioscript:Mr. LeBaron says there are about 9 300 different known species of birds. Larger numbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more than 300 different species have been counted in Panama, while far fewer species are native to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the environment because they can signal changes in it."Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there including humans."National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populations a source of wealth that humans must protect. "People get so much pleasure out of looking at birds and listening to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life,um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually increasing their populations.Part III Dolphin captivityin captivity：养在笼子（或池子，等）里；囚禁announcer：播音员thesis statements：文意，简述论文，论文主题Colorado Public Radio：科罗拉多州公共广播电台aquatic park：水上公园Denver：丹佛（美国科罗拉多州）ire：愤怒dolphin ：海豚instigate：教唆;煽动;激起a former navy dolphin trainer ：前海军海豚训练员Florida：佛罗里达州ranges：范围family-oriented：面向家庭的；群居的concrete tank：混凝土水箱，混凝土油罐，混凝土贮水池sonar：声呐装置bounce off：试探（某人对某一新设想和意见），大发议论ocean explorer：海洋探险家reject：拒绝;抛弃suicidal：自杀的，自杀性的;自我毁灭的，自取灭亡的;于己不利pool ：池子a very sophisticated brain：发达的大脑sophisticated：复杂的;精致的;富有经验的;深奥微妙的Portland：波特兰(俄勒冈州)Oregon.：俄勒冈州captive dolphins ：被捕的海豚Sarasota Bay：萨拉索塔湾（佛罗里达州）Florida：佛罗里达州the census data ：统计数据distribution：分配，分布debate：讨论;辩论;争论marine mammal：海洋哺乳动物organisms：有机体;生物operate：操作，运行metabolically：代谢的anti-educational：对抗教育，反教育，逆教育natural behavior ：自然行为alter：改变;更改stranded：处于困境的beach：海滩fractured ribs or jaws：头骨、肋骨、下颌骨骨折pros：同意，支持cons：反对We have learned a great deal by observing the animals kept in the zoo. However, wildlife is wild. Do you think we are protecting them or making them suffer by keeping them in captivity?A The following words are used in the news interview. Listen to the words first. Study the definitions carefully.1. ire: anger2. instigate: provoke to some action3. sonar: a method for finding and locating objects under water by means of the sound waves they reflect or produce4. bounce (off): (sound or light) reach the surface and is reflected back5. marine: of, near or living in the sea6. breed: produce offspring7. metabolically: pertaining to what is needed to function8. alter: change9. stranded: left abandonedB Listen to the news interview. There are five persons in it.Match column A with column B to indicate who's who.Then write out the thesis statements they are arguing about.Thesis Statement No. 1:Dolphins should be kept in captivity.Thesis Statement No. 2:There are educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity.C Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of theinterview. Write out each person's pros (agree with thethesis) or cons (disagree with the thesis) for each thesisstatement in note form.Audioscript:[Alan Tu is an announcer for Colorado Public Radio; Peter Jones is a reporter for Colorado Public Radio. The other speakers are identified in the report.]A: A planned aquatic park in Denver is raising the ire of animal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captivedolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's OceanJourneys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "NoDolphins in Denver" campaign. As Colorado Public Radio'sPeter Jones reports, the battle lines have been clearly drawn. P:Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolphins" campaign.R:Average age in the wild ranges anywhere in some of the studies between 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect adolphin to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity the dolphin population is dead.P:According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.R:If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is veryfamily-oriented. These animals are separated from theirmothers; that's a stress. You put them in a concrete tank where their sonar bounces off the walls, they can't swim in the sameamount of time and direction that they can in the wild.P:Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. I've had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as hecould from one end of the pool on ... to the other side anddestroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a verysophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to playwith the lives of these animals.P:Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portland State College inOregon. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death.And Duffield says life is generally getting better for captivedolphins.D: The census data say that every time I do a census, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at. So my feeling is that the trend incaptivity has been that the group of animals that we'refollowing are getting older, and if they continue to do that over the next five years, they will then indeed be older than the wild population.P:There is also a debate over the educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an important role in our basic understanding of the animals.D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do, and that watchingthem go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what ananimal needs, unless I know how it operates, how it breeds,what it needs metabolically, and I can't learn that from animals in the wild.P:But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because the animals' natural behavior patterns are altered by captivity.R:In the wild, you don't have dolphins who beat each other to death.There are no dolphins that I've ever seen stranded on the beach, who are suffering from fractured skulls, fractured ribs orfractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.P:The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphinsin the park. For Colorado Public Radio, I'm Peter Jones.Part IV More about the topic:Wildlife in dangera profound effect：深远的影响ecosystems：生态系统upsetting：倾复unclear：不清楚adapt enough to：适应得够adapt to：使适应于，能应付survive：活命mountain：山forest：林giant panda：大熊猫roughly：大约bamboo：竹子staple food：主食Michigan State University：密歇根州立大学a dramatic impact：巨大影响the long-term solution：长期的解决方案long-term：长期的;长远heat-resistant：耐热的，抗热的notoriously：恶名昭彰地;声名狼藉地picky eater：好挑食shrink：收缩，皱缩;（使）缩水;退缩，畏缩shrinking fish：水温高鱼变小consequence：结果metabolic：新陈代谢的metabolic rates：代谢率oxygen：氧气stay alive：活着predict：预言，预测kill off：消灭，一个接一个地杀死projection：预测;规划，设计relatively：关系上地;相对地;比较calculate：计算;估计;打算，计划;旨在case study：个案研究;专题;研究实例;范例分析unexpectedly：未料到地，意外地;竟;居然;骤然North Atlantic cod：北大西洋鳕鱼underestimate：低估haddock：小口鳕，黑线鳕Climate change is having a profound effect on ecosystems around the world, upsetting and altering the lives of numerous species of animals. As temperatures continue to rise, it's unclear whether all species will be able to adapt enough to survive, especially as other species in their ecosystems adapt by getting smaller or larger.A In the following report, you will learn some facts about the giant panda, an endangered species in China. Listen carefully and supply the missing information.There are roughly 1 600 pandas living in the wild, mainly in the mountain forests of western China. Bamboo is their staple food. And they eat up to 38 kg a day. But some species of the plant take many years to grow, which means they don't adapt to climate change. Scientists are now predicting that an increasing temperature of even 2°C will kill off the species the pandas need to survive. One of the study's authors is Professor Jack Lu of Michigan State University."Even by the middle of the century, this century, the impact will be very obvious. And by the end of the century, in many areas, 100 percent of this bamboo will be gone. And that's really a dramatic impact that people have not realized". Reducing global warming is the long-term solution and creating new panda habitats is another. It may also be possible to introduce new species of bamboo that are heat-resistant. But unfortunately, pandas are notoriously picky eaters and may reject even a slight change to their diet. Audioscript:There are roughly 1 600 pandas living in the wild, mainly in the mountain forests of western China. Bamboo is their staple food. And they eat up to 38 kg a day. But some species of the plant take many years to grow, which means they don't adapt to climate change. Scientists are now predicting that an increasing temperature of even 2°C will kill off the species the pandas need to survive. One of the study's authors is Professor Jack Lu of Michigan State University. "Even by the middle of the century, this century, the impact will be very obvious. And by the end of the century, in many areas, 100 percent of this bamboo will be gone. And that's really a dramatic impact that people haven not realized". Reducing global warming is the long-term solution and creating new panda habitats is another. Itmay also be possible to introduce new species of bamboo that are heat-resistant. But unfortunately, pandas are notoriously picky eaters and may reject even a slight change to their diet.B The following report is about shrinking fish found in thesea as a consequence of global warming. While listening for the first time, note down as many key words as you can inthe left-hand column. After the second listening, fill in thegaps in the summary in the right-hand column with the help of the notes.Audioscript:Although projections of global temperature rises show relatively small changes at the bottom of the oceans, the resulting impacts on fish body size are "unexpectedly large", according to this research. As ocean temperatures increase, so do the body temperatures and metabolic rates of the fish. This means they use more oxygen to stay alive and, according to the researchers, they have less avalilable for growth.They've calculated that up to 2050, fish will shrink in size by between 14 and 24 percent, with the Indian and Atlantic Oceans worst affected. The warming waters are also likely to drive fish more towards the poles, leading to smaller species living in areas like the North Sea.According to the scientists, their models may underestimate the potential impacts. When they looked at case studies involving North Atlantic cod and haddock, they found that recorded data on these fish showed greater decreases in actual body size than the models predicted.Part V Do you know ...?catalog：目录，目录册，目录簿inhabit v.：居住the planet：这个行星（地球）estimate：估计，预测;报价，exceeding：胜过in the form of parks：在公园的形式下wildlife refuge：野生动物保护区reserve：保护区，保存，储备aquatic animal：水生动物crayfish：淡水螯虾（肉）;龙虾mussel：贻贝，蚌类;淡菜In general, an endangered species is one that's in immediate danger of becoming extinct. Its numbers are usually low, and it needs protection in order to survive.Listen to some facts about endangered species. Pay special attention to the numbers.Audioscript:● Scientists hav e cataloged more than one and one-half million ofthe species that exist on Earth today. By some recent estimates, at least 20 times that many species inhabit the planet.● Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimatethat the total number of species lost each year may climb to40,000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.● Around the world more than 3 500 protected areas exist in theform of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 million square miles (5 million square km, or 3% of our total land area).● Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States areclassified as endangered. More than 1,000 animal species areendangered worldwide.● Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America,a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish speciesand nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble. Part VI Reminder of key points inthis unitPart VII Watch and enjoyYou're going to watch a video clip taken from Saving Species, a program by National Geographic Society. Watch carefully and decide whether the following statements are True or False. Write "T" or "F" for each statement.endangered species.creatures.plants and animals in immediate danger of extinction.endangered species in the America.of a biological catastohpe.depend utterly on other creatures for our very survival and therefore they're our companions in the biosphere.Videoscript::The first Europeans on this continent had a common enemy to conquer. It was called nature. America seemed to be an endless expanse of hostile wilderness. Bison wandered along the Potomac. Grizzly bears strolled the beaches of California. Human beings did not even know it was possible for a species to go extinct, but we。
ListenThisWay1第三版答案(Unit3
ListenThisWay1第三版答案(Unit3Unit 3 Can Time Move Backward? Part IB1. 7 am Monday, 5 pm Sunday, 6 am Monday2. 4 pm Friday, 11pm Thursday, 9 am Friday3. 3 pm Tuesday, 3 am Tuesday, 10 pm Monday4. 8 pm Friday, 12 noon Saturday, 3 am Saturday5. 1 am Wednesday, 9 am Wednesday, 9 pm TuesdayC61824735Part IIA 1-8, 2-5, 3-1, 4-10, 5-6, 6-2, 7-9, 8-3, 9-7, 10-4B Final, pollution, 201Shelter, 201, 304,Keys, porter's, leaving,Records, chairpeople, five, afternoon, 17 Coach, 3:30, 15:30 Coach, 5:15, 17:15Five minutes, departure timesCollect, desk, leavingInstitute, six, Convention, Oct., names, conference C __Part IV daylight-saving timeSystem, measuring, line, 15 degrees, central, 30degrees, first, difference, one, sameAhead, states, border, nearby, added, purpose, electricity, war, WWI, WWII, established, confusing, Congress, last, Sunday.Extended, fuel, 1986, start, first, energy, whole, 300 000, backwardPart V1-5 BCCBD6-10 ADCCDUnit 4 Flying in and OutPart I. Getting ready Be f a d bC.1. advice, hand baggage, large suitcase2. Essential everything, travel3. idea, plenty, office, catch up4. walkman, reading matter5. advise, as much as, customs6. important, a day, time, adjust7. difficult, comfortable8. careful, local food, drink9. Involved, political discussion10. Abroad, everyone, respect11. forget, foreigner, advice, remembered Part II. Airport announcementsAMilanMadridBritish AirwaysNew YorkAlitaliaSabenaBrusselsZurichSwissairIberia Airlines of SpainB1. A2291, Milan, 6, N2. Sabena, SN608, 8, N,3. British Airways, BA175, Y, 35 minutes;4. Flights, Y, shortage, baggage;5. IB551, Madrid, Y, late arrival, incoming, 2 hours;6. Swissair, SR805, Y, mechanical, 40 minutes;Part III. A trip to the StatesA1. business trip2. rates, 21- day, 30- day3. preference4. reservation (reserve)5. cash or credit card6. passport7. checked8. claim, ticket- 1 -B1. September 10, business, London, September 29, October 15, 7-day, $595, $1190, round trip, September 15, immediately.2. Evening, San Francisco, 317, non-smoking, 17A, window, 22, 6:40, 7 o’clock;Part IV. More about the topic: In-light Service1. 118 minutes2. 153. $5 or ￡2.5,4. Not mentioned.5. A humorous love story6. The mountains, Paris, London, the airline headquarters in New York.7. On the deck below8. A duty- free shopPart V. Memory test: Airline Information1. 41, 12:05 am, Baggage Claim Area 14, __-__2. 191, 11:55 am,195, 12:45 pm,119, 2:28 pm3. 830, 8:30 am, Flight Arrivals Building4. United Airlines, 11:10 am, San Francisco5. Pan American, 812, Sydney and AucklandUnit 5 By Bus or By TrainPart I Getting readyB 1-5 FTFTT 6-10 FTFFTPart II At the railway stationABristol Parkway, Kenynsham, Reading, Seven Beach, Cardiff, Swindon, Didcot, Newport, Taunton, Exeter, Paddington London, Gloucester, Path Spa, Hereford, Plymouth.B1.Bath spa, 4, 15:15. Oldfield Park,2.3, 15:17,3.Cardiff, 15:20, Newport, 40 minutes late,4.Swindon, 6, 15:25,5.5, 15:29, Bristol Parkway,6.Exeter, 1, 11:31, 15 minutes late,7.2, 11:10, Didcot,CI’m going to leave at 11: 46 at platform 1.I want the 15: 15 to Bath Spa.No. I have to change at Bristol Parkway.No, because the train is delayed. I should take the 15: 25 to Swindon at platform 6 and change at Bristol Parkway.Yes. The 15: 25 train to Swindon stops at Bristol Parkway. I should go to platform 6.No.Part III Why are we waiting here?ALondon, 4:05, 4:11, guard, 4:25, 4:05, 20, 3, 5, 4:25, Bristol, 4:05, London.B1.Going to leave2.Get impatient3.Repeat my question, answer it4.Keep calm, shout5.See here, very important, head of this railway, tell him about this6.Care who you are, what you’re going to do7.Ask stupid questions, do, do you thinkPart IV More about the topic: Grand Central Terminalfamous, station, stopping, line, train, begin, developer, 1871, steam, 1871, electric, destroy, create, hiding, blocks, buildings, 1913, huge, statues, clock, hotels, changed, gallery, theater, museum,1950's, popular, money, destroying, 1967, save, 1976, protected, National,restored, stores, markets, Five hundred thousand, busiest, 150 000, travel- 2 -FaresBeaumont: One- way $ 7.80 Round trip $ 14.85 Port Arthur: One- way $ 8.45 Round trip $ 16.10 New Orleans: One- way $ 33 Round trip $ 66For additional information, call __-__Unit 6 This Way or That Way ?Part I Getting readyB1. Get to, from here, Stay on, get to, take a left, Left, Stay on, three blocks, come to, turn right, left, right, lives at, right side2. Turn right, keep, straight, turn, next light, mean, turn right3. From here, five hours, best, get, fastest4. Tuesday, birthday, get to, turn right, on your left, Tuesday5. how, CenterCertainly, walkhalf an hour, plenty, farten minutes, foot case, all rightgoodwayout of, turn left, straight along, traffic lights, turn right into,in front of, top, modern, missleft, Right, straight onCMap 11-5 FTFTF 6-10 FTFTTMap 21-5 TTFFT 6-10 FTFTFPart II Reading mapsA.1-5 b c d a bB.- 3 -6 2 4 8 9C.1 Turn right outside, walk past, reach, number six, opposite, on your right2 Go out of, turn right, go along, turn right at, go up, past, cross, at, straight ahead on your right Part III Route 66 AOklahoma192683800 kmThe Main Street of America19621985B1- n 2- d 3- a4- f 5- k 6- m/ o7- g 8- b 9- e/ l10- I 11- j 12- h13- cC1.Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California2.Because many new interstate highways are built.3.Because more kilometers of the road are in Oklahoma than in any other state.4. A rich farmer and art collector5. A large costly American automobileUnit 7 Cash or CheckPart I Getting readyB1.savings, checking, $ 25, interest, 4.5%, charge,20 cents2.withdraw, fill, forms, account, bank, afraid3.cash, with, checking, number, check, need,identification, license, fine, loan4.account, customer, months, borrow, threethousand 5.t raveler’s, passport, SignCwidescreen TVDVD playerPlane ticketMP3 player1.build your credit ratingcontrol spendingbuy things you can’t pay with cash2. not a bad idea, impulse spending, how his sister can pay off the credit card bill, sky-high, just jump First, friends, family, low, expensive, willing, money, spend,Words, expressions, American, Slang, standard, specialTwo, John, Charlie, 1827Developed, later, 1962, eating, Restaurant, food, priceAnyone, clothes, suit, shoesPart III Making phone calls to chase late paymentsCall 1rang, Birmingham, morning, last invoice, 13th July, payment, received, three, check, contact, afternoon. Call 2Mr. Martinez, Mr. Smythe, money, transferred, bank details, wrong, Mr. Martinez, Royal Bank of Scotland, Bank of Scotland, transfer, Royal Bank of Scotland, next, as soon asCall 3account enquiries, Royal Bank of Scotland, check, transfer, received, Spain, __-__, Paul Smythe and Partners, Unit 7 Parkdown Trading Estate, credit, Wednesday, ￡3476.28, round，￡3500, Spanish pesetas, converted, pounds, ￡23.72- 4 -Part IV Banking at homeC. Limited opening hoursII Online banking servicesD. Getting current information on productsF E-mailing questions to the bankA Competing for customersA Having no computers at homePart V Setting up your own BusinessA.1―4: C D D BB.1.What figure did you have in your mind?2. There’s tons of rooms there; we and our colleagues can all do our own thing without trading on each other’s toes.3. The two insurance policies mature in a few。
ListenThisWayUnit1-6答案解读
Unit 1 PartⅠPartⅡIn this section you are going to hear some recorded phone calls for Mr. Turner.PartⅢFirst listen to some sentences taken from the phone call. Supply the missing words.PartⅣ答案与课本不匹配，不提供答案。
PartⅤUnit 2 PartⅠPartⅡIn this section you are going to hear several calls that are answered by machines.Listen to the recorded messages. Write down the reasons why each call is beingPartⅢYou are going to hear the conversation again. Answer the following questions with the help of the notes.PartⅣPartⅤNow you are going to hear some Access, Country and Area Code. Write down the numbers as quickly as possible.Unit 3PartⅠYou are going to hear five statements about temperature. Write down all the degrees in both Centigrade (°You are going to hear a report on weather around the world. Complete the following table.PartⅡYou are going to hear a National Weather Service forecast for the Chicago, IllinoisNow try this: listen to a more authentic version of the weather report. Pay more PartⅢPartⅣ答案与课本不匹配PartⅤYou are going to hear a weather forecast for the UK. Write down all the words thatUnit 4PartⅠYou are going to hear eight short dialogues concering time. As you listen, choose fromWe can use a clock or a watch to mark the passing of time. But what time is it now?Clocks in different parts of the world do not show the same time at the same time. PartⅡYou are going to hear a recorded phone call. While listening for the first time, addPartⅢYou are going to hear some announcements made by Professor Williams at the finalPartⅣ答案与课本不匹配PartⅤUnit 5 PartⅠPartⅡZurichIberia Airlinesof SpainNow try this: listen some more authentic versions of the airport announcements.Complete the following chart. Note that there is a dash(PartⅢYou are going to hear some sentences talen frome some conversations. Supply thePartⅣ答案与课本不匹配PartⅤUnit 6 PartⅠYou are going to hear some short conversations. Supply the missing words.You are going to hear a tourist guide about Hong Kong's most exciting new shopping center. Write down every word as a dictation. It will be read three times. In the firstPartⅡNow listen to the announcements again. Complete the following chart. Note thatNow try this: listen to some more authentic versions of the announcements. After listening, answer the following questions with the help of the above chart.PartⅢYou are going to hear the conversation again. Answer the following questions withPartⅣ答案与课本不匹配PartⅤ。
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Unit 5People & Places (I)Part IAustralia is the world’s largest island and its smallest continent. Its total area of 3,000,000 square miles is about the same as that of the continental United States (excluding Alaska)the area of Nepal is about 54,000 square miles. Within its borders are five of the world’s highest peaks.Switzerland is a small, landlocked country, 15,944 square miles in area. It’s bordered by France, Austria, and Italy.more than 20,000,000 people live in Argentine. About 97 percent are of European stock. Most argentines live on the eastern plains. Fewer than 19% live in the dry western and northwestern provinces.Austria is 32,376 square miles in area. This makes it twice the size of neighboring Switzerland. There are about 7,150,000 people living in Austria. More than one third of the people live in or near Vienna, the capital city.Colombia is the only country in South America with a coastline on the both sides of the continent. It is a big country with an area of 439,828 square miles and about 16,300,000persons live in Colombia.Saudi Arabia’s area is estimated to be about 830,000 square miles. Almost all of Saudi Arabia’s 7,000,000 people are Arabs. Today Saudi Arabia’s vast oil resources are paying for the modernization of the country. Conditions there are changing more rapidly than they have for centuries.Denmark proper has an area of only 16,575 square miles. It is the smallest of theScandinavian countries—Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. But Denmark’s population of over 4,600,000 is greater than that of Norway and more than half that of Sweden.Part IICanadaB.outlineA. second only/B. 26 million peopleC. 1 the Great Lakes2 the Rocky Mountains 3 the Arctic islandsA. 1.2. overcoat/a fur hatA. 1.American Indians2Germans3 Italians, / InuitB. English and FrenchA. seafoodB. meat dishesD.the sweet courseE. good beer but not good local wines. A. most modern shopping centersB. 12. woolen3. wood4 leather5 mapleA. the Canadian dollarB. 10 am to 3pm Monday to Thursday, till later on Fridays. Thank you for calling the Daily News information line on Canada.Canada is a huge country, second in size only to the former Soviet Union. Yet it has only 26 million people, which is less than half the population of the United Kingdom. It extends from the Great Lakes in the south to the majestic Rocky Mountains in the west, and the bleak ArcticIslands in the far north. A third of the country is covered by forest and there are also vast grasslands and countless lakes and rivers.There are great variations in climate. Winters are extremely cold except in Vancouver which has a milder climate owing to its location on the west coast, so take a heavy overcoat and a fur hat. Canadian summers are warm on the whole, especially inland, so you’ll only need lighweight clothing.A quarter of all Canadians, mainly those living in the province of Quebec in the east, speak French as their first language. In addition, there are half a million American Indians, a million Germans and smaller numbers of Italians, Ukrainians and Inuit, Canada has two official languages: English and French, except in the province of Quebec where French alone is the official language. You’ll find English spoken virtually everywhere apart from Q uebec and if you plan to visit Quebec City, you’ll definitely need a French phrasebook if you don’t speak French.Eating out is a pleasure in Canada and you’ll find restaurants, coffee shops and snack bars to suit every pocket. Menus offer a wide choice with excellent seafood like Pacific salmon, lobsters and clams, meat dishes including moose steaks and beefsteaks, and also a range of ethnic foods. For the sweet course, the specialty /speciality is waffles, a kind of thick pancake, served with maple syrup. Beer is good but foreign wines, even those from neighboring America, tend to be quite dear and local wines are not particularly good.Canada has some of the world’s most modern shopping centers. Clothes tend to be slightly expensive by European standards but there are some bargains to be had. Good buys include moccasins, a kind of soft leather shoe made by Indians, woolen gloves and sweaters, wood carvings, leather goods and maple syrup, of course.The unit of currency is the Canadian dollar. Banking hours are from 10 am to 3 pm Monday to Thursday and till later on Fridays.Have a good trip, and thank you for calling the information line.PartIIITraveling around AustraliaSydney: harbor: take a boat trip in an old sailing ship/ at a backpacker’s hotelThe Sydney Opera House: see concertsThe great Barrier Reef: tropical fish/ glass bottom/at a resort hotel or at a guesthouseAyers Rock in UluraNational park: go hiking/ see cave paintings/ colors /at sunrise and sunsetKakaduNational Park:go hiking/ wildlife/ waterfalls/in one of the campsites.1. T2F3F4. T5 F6. T7. FOh, David, hi! You know, I’ve been meaning to talk to you. I’m planning a trip to Australia, and I wonder if you could give me some advice.Sure! What do you want to know?W ell, I thought I’d start my trip in Sydney. What should I see there?Well, the most important thing to see, of course, is the harbor, which is the most beautiful in the world.Oh, right. Do they have boat trips?Yeah, of course, they do. They have wonderful boat trips! The one that I recommend particularly is a trip around the harbor in an old sailing ship.Oh, that sounds like lots of fun!Yeah. And, of course, then there’s the Sydney Opera House, which everyone knows about. And, you can see wonderfu l things there…concerts and opera and theater.Oh, I definitely want to go there! Now what about places to stay? Can you recommend some place inexpensive?Yeah, let me see… Probably, of course, you know I don’t stay in these places, butprobably the mos t inexpensive place would be a backpacker’s hotel. There are lots of those.Ok, thanks. That sounds good. Uh, where should I go after Sydney?After Sydney, lets’ see… I’d recommend that you travel up the coast to the Great Barrier Reef, which is in North Queensland.Right. I’ve heard a lot about it! But what is there to do there?Well, you can go scuba diving and see the coral reef and the tropical fish up close…You know I don’t like to get wet.Well, there are always these glass-bottom boats you can travel on. They’re fabulous! Yeah,and there’re literally hundreds of islands you can explore.Wow! And are there places to stay?Yeah, sure. If you want to spend lots of money, you can stay at one of these fabulous resort hotels or, if you want o do it on the cheap, you can go to a guesthouse, which are much cheaper.Right. That sounds good. Well, what next?Next, well, I guess you should go inland to Ayers Rock In Uluru national Park. Ayers Rock? What is that? How do you spell it?It’s Ayers Rock. Its’ the largest rock in the world! You must know about it!No kidding! No, I’ve never heard of it! What do you do when you visit it?Well, it’s mainly hiking and trekking. You can walk right round the base of it if you like. It takes about five and a half miles, I guess, but it’s really well worth it. And there are cave paintings in the rock, and the colors of the rock at sunrise and sunset are just fabulous.Sounds like I should bring my camera!You sure should! Finally, let’s see, I gue ss you should travel north to visit the KakaduNational Park.Kkadu? How do you spell that?It’s a tropical forest where you can go hiking and see all sorts of wildlife…Oh?Oh, and there are some beautiful waterfalls there as well.And do they allow camping there?Yeah, there are lots and lots of campsites. The only thing is that you’ve got to watch outfor the crocodiles!Ugh! Well, David, thanks a lot! You’ve been a big help!No problem.I can’t wait to go!Statements:When David was in Sydney, he didn’t stay there for night.The Great Barrier Reef is in South Queensland in AustraliaFrom what Nancy says, one can know that she is fond of swimmingIn Uluru national Park, Nancy can see the largest rock in the world.If Nancy likes to walk around the base of the rock, she has to walk about five miles. Nancy will bring her camera with her when she travels in Australia.There are no crocodiles in the tropical forest in Australia.Part IV. The Story of DenverOutlineI. A. 1l6 kilometers/ one mile above the sea levelB. population:C. 1. 300 days of sunshine a year2. about 35 centimetersII. Business and Marketing centermore than 1500 manufacturing companiesMain activity: food processingother factories making equipment for the defense, space, high technology and transportation industries.gold productionthe computer and communications industries1. offering the third highest number/2. that do business in other countriesIII. A. HistoryB. Natural HistoryC. North America/ 90,000E. city park systemF. a business area filled with old buildings, gas lights and vehicles pulled by horses Tapescript:Denver is the largest city and capital of the western state of Colorado. There’s a marker on the step in the StateCapitolBuilding. Standing there, you are exactly 1.6 kilometers above sea level, one mile high. Denver is known as “the-mile-high city”, but it does not appear to be that high. This is because it is built almost completely on smooth flat land. Denver is the largest city of the Rocky Mountains. Many people believe it is actually in the Rocky Mountains. However, it is about 50 kilometers east of them.The city of Denver has a population of about 470,000 people. This makes it the 26th largest city in the United States. The area around Denver has more than 1,600,000 people. Cityofficials are proud of the fact that Denver receives more than 300 days of sunshine a year. Storms moving east across the country lose much of their strength in the Rockies. So Denver gets only about 35 centimeters of rain and snow a year. The nearby mountains, however, get a lot more than that.Denver is the business and marketing center for all the RockyMountain area. It hasmore than 1500 manufacturing companies. Food processing is the main manufacturing activity. Other factories make equipment for the defense, space high technology and transportation industries. Gold production is also important. Denver is home to companies that control half the gold produced in the United States.The computer and communications industries have become increasingly important in recent years. Denver has the third highest number of high technology jobs in relation to the population. The area also has become a center for companies that do business in other countries. This is true throughout the western states. In fact, more jobs in the American west are linked to foreign trade in any other part of the country.Tourism is also an important industry in Denver. For example, the ColoradoHistoryMuseum shows the history of the native American Indians, gold miners and other people who moved to Colorado. The Denver Museum of Natural History shows Indian objects and examples of local wildlife. Many visitors to Colorado and Rocky Mountains use Denver’s new inte rnational airport, which opened in 1995. it was the first major new airport built in the United States in 21 years. It cost almost 5,000 million dollars. It is the largest airport in North America, almost 90,000 passengers land at DenverInternationalAirport each day.There is a lot to see and do in Denver. The StateCapitolBuilding is in the center of the city. The top is covered with more than 500 g of gold. On a clear day, a visitor to the Capitol can see for a distance of almost 250 kilometers. 87 years ago, city officials began to purchase land to make sure it would be protected from development. Today, the city owns 8000 hectares. On this land, Denver has built the largest city park system in the nation. Finally, there’s Larama Square. It is a business area that is said to look like Denver of the early 1900s. Larama Square is filled with old buildings, gas lights and vehicles pulled by horses. It is a part of the new Denver that lives in the past.Part V. Do you Know…?ICELAND----- in the Atlantic/a small population / an island countryBrazil----- a newly-built capital /a pretty large country/famous for its jungles/a South American countryNew Zealand----- hotter than Britain/ a small population/ a mountainous country/a wet climate/divided into two islands.or pigs.。