2017年中考英语专题备考 句子种类 (二)

考点三 宾语从句的时态
主现从不限：主句中的谓语动词如 We don't know when he was born. 果是一般现在时，从句中的谓语动 我们不知道他生于何时。 词可以用任何时态。 真理不变：如果从句所说的是客观 The old man told us the earth goes 真理或事实，从句中的谓语动词则 round the sun. 老人告诉我们地球围 要用一般现在时。 绕太阳转。
考点一 关系词的选用
先行词 引导词 例句 先行词为reason (原因)，且在 Nobody knows the reason why she 从句中作原因状语时，要用 left this company. 关系副词why。 没有人知道她离开这家公司的原因。 注意：关系副词when, where只能在从句中作状语，不可充当主语或 宾语。
当特殊疑问句充当 宾语从句时，用特 殊疑问词引导。
例句
if/whether是“是否” 的意思。 The boy asked his mum if he could drink coke.
用what, who, where, Do you know who he is when, how, why, looking for? which, whose等特殊 Just watch what he does. 疑问词引导。
和因果关系。
并列句
例句 Hurry up, and you will catch 常用and，both…and…，as the train. 并列关系 well as, not only…but also…， My sister not only sings well， neither…nor…等连接 but also dances well. 常用but，however，yet(然 I bought my sister a present, 转折关系 而，可是)等连接 but she didn't like it. 关系 结构
考点链接
( A ) —We can use QQ to chat with each other on the Internet. —Really? Will you please show me ________ it?
A．how to use
C．how can I use
B．what to use
宾语从句
在复合句中，放在动词或者介词后面起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句
考点一 宾语从句的引导词
引导词 例句 当由陈述句充当宾 We found (that) mom had 语从句时，用that引 that无意义，可省略。 known the secret. 导。
宾语从句
考点一 宾语从句的引导词
引导词 当由一般疑问句充 当宾语从句时，用 whether, if 引导。
定语从句
关系代词：who, whom, that, whose, which
关系副词：when, where, why
如：
The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
住在我们隔壁的那个人是个警察。
考点一 关系词的选用
先行词 引导词 例句
Jimmy is the man who/that has won the 先行词指人时，通常用who ( first prize. 吉米就是那个获得一等奖的人。 作主语或宾语), whom (作宾语 (who/that作主语，不能省略) ), that (作主语或宾语)。作主 The man (that/who/whom) we all like is 语时不能省略，作宾语时可 our head teacher.我们大家都喜欢的人是 以省略。 我们的班主任。 (that/who/whom作宾语，可省略)
D．when the high speed train would arrive
解析
解析：B
宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除A、C；“Could
you please tell me…？”是委婉的语气，不是表示过去时，故D项 时态不对，选B。
考点链接
( C )2. Lily's mother looked for her for half an hour, but could not find ________. A．what Lily was C．where Lily was
可转换为“疑问词＋不定式”结构。如：
She hasn't decided where she will go on holiday.
＝She hasn't decided where to go on holiday.
她还没决定去哪里度假。
考点四 宾语从句与简单句的转换
Could you tell me how I can make fruit salad? ＝Could you tell me how to make fruit salad? 你能告诉我怎么做水果沙拉吗？
根据宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除B和C；再
根据下句的回答可知是问路，因此选C。
考点二 宾语从句的语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都要用陈述句语序，
其构成是：
主句＋引导词＋陈述句语序(主谓语序)。如：
We don't know where he lives. 我们不知道他住在哪里。
Do you know where he lives？你知道他住在哪里吗？
想知道今年的国庆节是在哪一天。
考点链接
( C ) 2. —Have you asked the policeman ________？ —Yes. He told us to turn left onto Main Street. It's on the right. A．if there is a bank near here C．where can we find a bank 解析：C B．how can we get to the nearest bank D．when we can go to the nearest bank
解析：C 用疑问词where，故选C。
B．what was Lily D．where was Lily
宾语从句应用陈述句语序，排除B和D；根据句意应
考点三 宾语从句的时态
在宾语从句中，谓语动词的时态要和主句中谓语动词的时态保持一致， 其一般规律为： 主过从过：主句中的谓语动词如 果是一般过去时，从句中的谓语 动词要用相对应的过去时态。 The police asked the boy where his mum was. 警察问男孩他妈妈在哪 儿。
考点链接 (
D )1. —I wonder ________.
B. how National Day will fall on this year
—It will fall on Saturday.
A. how will National Day fall on this year
C. what day will National Day fall on this year D. what day National Day will fall on this year 解析：D 考查宾语从句。宾语从句中从句用陈述语序。句意：我
如：
I don't think you are right. 我认为你不对。
定语从句
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句；被 修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又在 定语从句中充当句子成分。引导定语从句的关系词有：
考点链接
( A )1. —Let's go fishing if it ________ this weekend. —But nobody knows if it ________. A．is fine; will rain C．will be fine; will rain
解析：A
B．will be fine; rains D．is fine; rains
并列句
结构 常用or(或者，否则), 选择关系 either…or …， not…but …等连接 因果关系 常用for，so等连接 关系 例句 Is it a boy or a girl? Hurry up, or you will be late. They were making a lot of noise, so the teacher got angry.
C．where was his mother
解析：D
B．where his mother is
D．where his mother was
根据主句中谓语动词asked可知从句用过去时，
排除A、B两项；宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除C项，故选D。
考点四 宾语从句与简单句的转换
由连接代词或连接副词what, how, where等引导的宾语从句
考点链接
( B ) 1. —Could you tell me________？ —Certainly. ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้n half an hour. A．when will the high speed train arrive B．when the high speed train will arrive C．when would the high speed train arrive
考点一 关系词的选用
先行词 引导词 例句 先行词与定语从句中某 The math book whose cover is red is 个名词有所属关系，表 hers. 示“……的”时，要用关 封面是红色的那本数学书是她的。 系代词whose作定语。