2015填空选择
2015年英语四级选词填空练习题及答案分析
【解析】这是一篇讨论能源资源的说明文，话题是考生比较熟悉的能源问题，不断增长的人口与可再生资源的矛盾该如何解决。文中指出能源的一些可替代形式 如生物能源、风能太阳能等可再生资源将在未来发挥越来越重要的作用。但是专家指出，即使这些资源储备量惊人，但是到2050年也只能满足世界30%的需求。文章最后两段探讨了各能源在市场上的需求，以及解决未来能源需求的其他方案。
What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you w how genes and environment interact to influence __2__ activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important __3__ to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.
For example, even with __7__ investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development __8__ in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels __9__ only about 1% of the market today.
2015年军队院校生长军官招生文化科目统一考试-士兵高中英语试题
二〇一五年军队院校招生文化科目统一考试士兵高中英语真题一、选择填空（共15分，每小题1分）1. People think that the beauty of the mountains is greater than __________ of the desert.A. oneB. the oneC. thoseD. that2. He has recently __________ tennis to relax himself.A. taken offB. taken upC. put upD. put out3. All these changes will lead to __________ strong and powerful China, __________ country that can surprise the world.A. a; aB. the; aC. the; theD. a; the4. For most Americans, the 18th birthday __________ the end of one part of the life and the beginning of another.A. predictsB. tellsC. marksD. signs5. With a lot of difficult problems __________, the manager felt a heavy burden taken off his mind.A. settledB. to be settledC. settlingD. to settle6. __________ lie in the sun for too long, __________ you will get sun-burnt.A. Not; andB. Don’t; otherwiseC. Shouldn’t; forD. Let’s not; and7. Scientists are not sure about the __________ of water on the Mars.A. occupationB. existenceC. demandD. appearance8. — Bill, if it doesn’t rain, we can go straight on and spend more time in Vienna.— __________ I just want to hear Mozart!A. Well done!B. No problem.C. That is great!D. That is it.9. You can only be sure of __________ you have at present. You cannot be sure of something__________ you might get in the future.A. that; whatB. what; /C. which; thatD. that; /10. — The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 10 years before she returned.— Oh, dear! She __________ a lot of difficulties!A. may go throughB. might go throughC. ought to have gone throughD. must have gone through11. Space exploration has been made __________ with the development of modern science andtechnology.A. it possibleB. it was possibleC. that possibleD. possible12. After half a year’s training, they were entirely used __________ underwater.A. stayB. to stayC. to stayingD. staying13. Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people __________ harm them.A. more thanB. rather thanC. other thanD. better than1- 1 -14. She wondered if she could have the opportunity to spend __________ here so that she could learnmore about the city.A. sometimesB. some timeC. sometimeD. some times15. The film brought the hours back to me __________ I was taken good care of in that far-awayvillage.A. untilB. thatC. whenD. where二、阅读理解（共40分，每小题2分）Passage 1It is true that people with better education are usually able to get better paying jobs. In other words, they have more chances to choose a good job while people with little or no education don’t. It seems that the purpose of education is to make people get jobs. But this isn’t accepted by all people.Some people may think that a person should spend the best years of his life to get education only for a way of living. This was probably one of the earliest reasons of education. In fact, if education is just a way of making a living, people don’t need to spend so much time in school. People can get education for a living in a short time. Subjects like history and geography need not be taught to everyone. Even language and Mathematics need not be taught in details, either. Here it is clear that education is much more than teaching a man to get a way of living.Education is well-rounded and it is mainly for improving a man. It is not only to teach him to speak, read and write, but also to develop his creative thinking and other abilities. After that, it is to make him a wise man and thankfully enjoy the achievements of human. Education is to make a man lead a better life. Educated people are expected to be able to listen to good music, read good books, watch plays and take an interest in the world.I would agree that making a good living is an important reason for education, but certainly not the most important or the main reason.16. People with little education usually __________.A. spend a long time in schoolB. have a good chance to get jobsC. spend the best years to choose jobsD. have fewer chances to get good jobs17. The earliest education was probably to __________.A. make a man lead a better lifeB. teach a man to write and readC. make people get a way of livingD. teach people to read good books18. The underlined word “well-rounded” in the passage means “__________”.A. successfulB. equitableC. fairD. comprehensive19. It can be inferred that educated people will be able to __________.A. make a way of livingB. feel interested in the whole worldC. develop their abilities in every aspectD. learn subjects like language and math20. The passage mainly tells us that__________.A. education could make a man improveB. people can get educated in a short timeC. people should be able to get better education- 2 -D. all subjects are so important for a way of livingPassage 2I promised Michael I wouldn’t mention this until the season was over. Now I think it’s time.Early last season, I wrote a column about an art of kindness I had seen Jordan do to a disabled child outside the stadium. After it ran, I got a call from a man in the western suburbs. He said, “I read what you wrote about Jordan, but I thought I should tell you another thing I saw.”Here it comes, I thought. It always does. Write something nice about a person, and people call you up to say that the person is not so nice.A few weeks later Jordan and I were talking about something else before a game, and I brought up what the man had said. Was the man right? Had Jordan really been talking to those two boys in that poor and dirty neighborhood?“Not two boys,” Jordan said. “But four.”And he named them. He said four names. And what did they talk about?“Everything,” Jordan said. “I’ve asked to see their grades so that I can check to see if they’re paying attention to their study. If it turns out that one or two of them need teaching, I make sure they get it.”It’s just one more part of Michael Jordan’s life, one more thing that no one knows about, and one more thing Jordan does fight for. The NBA season is over now, and those boys have their memories. So do I! When the expert reviewers begin to turn against Jordan as they surely will, I’ll think about those boys under the streetlight, waiting for the man they know to come. For someone they can depend on.21. The writer wrote this story about Jordan and his young friends because __________.A. he thought highly of Jordan’s deedsB. he hated to see Jordan do something badC. he believed it was time to help the disabledD. he felt sure he needn’t keep the promise then22. A man in the western suburbs made a call to __________.A. know why Jordan stopped in a bad areaB. get a chance to become famous himselfC. let people know Jordan was not that niceD. offer an example to show how Jordan helped others23. Jordan talked with the boys because he __________.A. needed their supportB. had promised to do soC. liked to teach them to play basketballD. liked to help people24. The writer of the passage might be __________.A. a teammateB. a columnistC. a coachD. the father of those boys25. The text implies that Jordan is __________.A. an excellent basketball playerB. good at dealing with problems of lifeC. always ready to make friends with young people1- 3 -D. willing to do whatever he can for the good of societyPassage 3You wake up in the morning, the day is beautiful and the plans for the day are what you have been looking forward to for a long time. Then the telephone rings, you say hello, and the drama starts. The person on the other end has a depressing tone in his voice as he starts to tell you how terrible his morning is and that there is nothing to look forward to. You are still in a wonderful mood? Impossible!Communicating with negative people can wash out your happiness. It may not change what you think, but communicating long enough with them will make you feel depressed for a moment or a long time.Life brings ups and downs, but some people are stuck in the wrong idea that life has no happiness to offer. They only feel glad when they make others feel bad. No wonder they can hardly win others’ pity or respect.When you communicate with positive people, your spirit stays happy and therefore more positive things are attracted. When the dagger (匕首) of a negative person is put in you, you feel the heavy feeling that all in all, brings you down. Sometimes we have no choice but to communicate with negative people. This could be a coworker or a relative. In this case, say what needs to be said as little as possible. Sometimes it feels good to let out your anger back to the negative person, but all this does is to lower you to that same negative level and they won’t feel ashamed of themselves about that.Negativity often affects happiness without even being realized. The negative words of another at the start of the day can cling to you throughout the rest of your day, which makes you feel bad and steals your happiness. Life is too short to feel negative. Stay positive and avoid negativity as much as possible.26. The purpose of the first paragraph is to __________.A. make a comparisonB. offer an evidenceC. introduce a topicD. describe a daily scene27. Negative people may affect us by __________.A. influencing our emotionB. telling us the nature of lifeC. changing our ways of thinkingD. comparing their attitudes to life with ours28. Some negative people base their happiness on __________.A. other people’s pity for themB. making other people unhappyC. building up a positive attitudeD. other people’s respect for them29. According to the passage, to reduce negative people’s influence on us, we are advised to ________.A. change negative people’s attitudes to lifeB. show our dissatisfaction to negative peopleC. make negative people feel ashamed of themselvesD. communicate with negative people as little as possible30. What is the author’s attitude towards negative people?- 4 -A. Favorable.B. Critical.C. Indifferent.D. Supportive.Passage 4Violin prodigies (神童), I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists, the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very clear,” he told me. “They were all Jews and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” As a result, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West.Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field and is able to nurture (培育) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society with stronger discipline than ours,” says Isaac Stern, “children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well.” The Koreans and Chinese, as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese. That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard.Next to hard work, biological inheritance (遗传) plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music.31. Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school because__________.A. it would allow them access to a better life in the WestB. Jewish children are born with excellent musical talentC. they wanted their children to enter into the professional fieldsD. it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country32. Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that __________.A. are highly motivated in the education of musicB. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full developmentC. encourage people to compete with each otherD. promise talented children high positions33. Which of the following causes the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage?A. Distinct regions.B. Extensive knowledge of music.C. Strict training.D. A prejudice-free society.34. The success of J. S. Bach and his sons show that __________.A. most musical prodigies are JewsB. people in the Far East are far more sensitive in musicC. genic factors play an important role in making prodigiesD. a great musician must grow up in a family of musicians35. Which of the following titles best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A. Jewish Contribution to MusicB. Training of Musicians in the World1- 5 -C. Music and SocietyD. The Making of Music Prodigies三、完形填空（共15分，每小题1分）An old man lay in a hospital bed, heavily sedated to ease the pain from his heart attack. The nurse arrived and said, “Your son is here,” several times before the 36 conscious man, he opened his eyes. His son was a 37 who had come back from service to 38 to his beloved father.The elderly man 39 out to touch his son’s hand and squeezed it gently. All through the night, the young soldier sat in the dimly lit ward offering words of 40 to his dying dad, who said nothing, but kept a feeble grip of his child. 41 of the noise of the oxygen tank and the moans of the other patients, the marine was by the old man’s side 42 .Several times in the course of that long night, the nurse returned and 43 that the marine leave to rest for a while. But each time he would refuse.As dawn approached the elderly man 44 . His loving son rested the old man’s 45 hand on the bed and left to find the nurse. The young man waited while the nurse carried his father’s body away. When she returned, offering words of 46 , the marine interrupted her.“Who was that man?” he asked.47 , the nurse replied, “He was your father”.“No, he wasn’t,” the young man said, “I’ve never seen him before in my life.”“Then why didn’t you say something?”“When I arrived at the 48 , I knew right away there had been a mistake,” the young man explained. “But I also knew that man needed his son, and he wasn’t here. I could tell he was too 49 to know who sat beside him but he needed someone there, so I just decided to 50 .”36. A. simply B. actually C. barely D. totally37. A. director B. marine C. policeman D. businessman38. A. talk B. stick C. tend D. adjust39. A. reached B. moved C. helped D. picked40. A. respect B. encouragement C. truth D. wisdom41. A. Unaware B. Afraid C. Free D. Sick42. A. all about B. all over C. all around D. all along43. A. explained B. suggested C. ordered D. stopped44. A. awoke B. screamed C. died D. fainted45. A. active B. lifeless C. alive D. useful46. A. inspiration B. love C. admiration D. comforting47. A. Surprised B. Curious C. Upset D. Annoyed48. A. home B. office C. ward D. place49. A. sick B. anxious C. careless D. disappointed50. A. live B. leave C. remain D. stay四、翻译（共20分，汉译英每小题3分，英译汉每小题2分）51. 这些植物如此珍贵，我会尽我所能来挽救它们。
2015年高考英语完形填空各省份高考英语真题解析
2015年高考英语完形填空各省份高考英语真题解析2015年高考英语完形填空各省份高考英语真题解析Cloze 1(2015·新课标全国Ⅰ)话题词数难度建议时间善举的力量254 ★★16分钟My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.On the way，we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said，“1 my job.Family to Feed.”At this store，a 2 like this is not normal.My 10－year－old noticed him and made a 3 on how bad it must be to have to stand 4 inthe cold wind.In the store，I asked each of my kids to 5 something they thought our “friend” there would 6 .They got apples，a sandwich and a bottle of juice.Then my 17－year－old suggested giving him a 7 .I thought about it.We were 8 on cash ourselves，but... well，sometimes 9 from our need instead of our abundance is 10 what we need to do！All the kids 11 something they could do away with for the week.When we handed him the bag of 12 ，he lit up and thanked us with 13 eyes.When I handed him the gift card，saying he could use it for 14 his family might need，he burst into tears.This has been a wonderful 15 for our family.For days the kids have been looking for others we can 16 ！Things would have played out so 17 if I had simply said，“No，we really don't have 18 to give more.”Stepping out not only helped a brother in 19 ，it also gave my kids the 20 taste of helping others.It'll go a long way with them.【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了发生在自己身边的一件事。
2015年英语专四完形填空真题答案及解析及原文出处及cloz解读
Electricity is such a part of our everyday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays 1 ___ we rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the TV set. At night, roads are brightly lit, enabling people and 2 ___ to move freely. Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the 3 ___ of every modern city. In the home, many 4 ___ devices are powered by electricity. 5 ___ when we turn off the bedside lamp and are 6 ___ asleep, electricity is working for us, 7 ___ our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. Every day, trains, buses and subways take us to and from work. We rarely 8 ___ to consider why or how they run—— 9 ___ something goes wrong.In the summer of 1959, something 10 ___ go wrong with the power-plant that provided New York with electricity. Fora great many hours, life came almost to a 11 ___. Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark, 12 ___ to do anything; lifts stopped working, so that 13___ you were lucky enough not to be 14. ___ between two floors, you had the unpleasant task of finding your way down 15 ___ of stairs. Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in a(n 16 ___ became as gloomy and uninviting 17 ___ the most remote back streets. People were afraid to leave their houses, ___ 18. although the police had been ordered to 19 ___ in case of emergency, they were just as confused and 20 ___ as anybody else.1.A.that B. thus C. as D. so2. A.car B. truck C. traffic D. pedestrians3.A. appearance B. character C. distinction D. surface4.A. money-saving B. time-saving C. energy-saving D. labour-saving5.A. Only B. Rarely C. Even D. Frequently6.A. fast B. quite C. closely D. quickly7. A. moving B. starting C. repairing D. driving8.A. trouble B. bother C. hesitate D. remember9.A. when B. if C. until D. after10.A. did B. would C. could D. Should11.A. pause B. terminal C. breakdown D. standstill12.A. incompetent B. powerless C. hesitant D. helpless13. A.although B. when C. as D. even if14. A.trapped B. placed C. positioned D. locked15.A. steps B. levels C. flights D. floors16.A. time B. instant C. point D. minute17.A. like B. than C. for D. as18.A. for B. and C. but D. or19.A. stand aside B. stand down C. stand by D. stand in20.A. aimless B. helpless C. unfocused D. undecidedWhat do you look for in a potential date? Sincerity? Good looks? Character? Conversational ability? Asked to ____1____ such qualities, most people put physical attractiveness near the ____2____ of the list. Of course. Intelligent people are not greatly concerned ____3____ such superficial qualities as good ____4____; they know that “beauty is only skin____5____.” At leastthey know that’s how they ____6____ feel.This intuition ____7____ looks matter little may be another example of our____8____ real influences upon us, for there are many research studies ____9____ that appearance greatly determines initial attraction.Some researchers have matched students ____10____ blind dates to see what qualities led to liking. Immediately after the dating, and again three months later, the students ____11____ their dates and speculated about ____12____ they felt as they did. Men more than women ____13____ their date’s physical attractiveness was important. But,____14____ the date’s physical attractiveness actually predicted the women’s attraction ____15____ their dates more than men.In another study, Elaine Hatfield ____16____ 752 university freshmen for a dance party.For each person, the researchers secured a variety of ____17____ and aptitude (能力test scores, but then actually matchedthe couples ____18____ . The couples evaluated their dates after the party. How well did the personality and aptitude tests predict attraction? Not well at all.____19____ the researchers could see, only one thing ____20____ : how physically attractive the person was. The more attractive a woman, the more he liked her and wanted to date her again.1. A. list B. select C. rank D. arrange2.A. top B. middle C. bottom D. front3.A. to B. at C. in D. with4.A. look B. looks C. looking D. lookings5.A. deep B. thick C. shallow D. thin6.A. have to B. ought to C. must D. should7.A. as B. what C. which D that8.A. accepting B. admitting C. refusing D. denying9.A. indicate B. to indicate C. indicating D. indicated10. A. to B. on C. at D. in11. A. evaluated B. predicted C. contacted D. communicated12. A. what B. how C. why D. that13. A. believed B. suspected C. confi rmedD. argued14. A. to the contrary B. in addition C. in spite of that D. similarly15. A. at B. in C. with D. to16. A. recruited B. enrolled C. matched D. dated17. A. personality B. appearance C. achievements D. individuality18. A. interactively B. randomly C. precisely D. systematically19. A. As long as B. So much so that C. To the extent that D. So far as20. A. predicted B. mattered C. valued D. determined该 Cloze 来自 1984年考研英语真题英译汉的一篇短文:Electricity is such a part of our everyday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays that we rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the radio. Atnight, roads are brightly lit, enabling people and traffic to move freely. Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the character of every modern city. In the home, many labor-saving devices are powered by electricity. Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. Every day, trains, trolley-buses, and trams take us to and from work. We rarely bother to consider why or how they run---until something goes wrong.In the summer of 1959, something did go wrong with the power-plant that provides New York with electricity. For a great many hours, life came to a standstill. Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark, powerless to do anything; lifts stopped working, so that even if you were lucky enough not to be trapped between two floors, you had the unpleasant task of finding your way down hundreds of flights of stairs. Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in an instant became as gloomy anduninviting as the most remote back streets. People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anyone else.Meanwhile, similar disorder prevailed in the home. New York can be stifling in the summer and this year was no exception. Cool, air-conditioned apartments became furnaces. Food went bad in refrigerators. Cakes and joints of meat remained uncooked in cooling ovens. People sat impatient and frightened in the dark as if an unseen enemy had landed from Mars. One of the strange things that occurred during the power-cut was that some fifty blind people lead many sighted workers home. When the lights came on again, hardly a person in the city can have turned on a switch without reflecting how great a servant he had at his fingertips.PART III CLOZE31. [D] 句意为:电是日常生活的一部分, 如今, 我们已经习以为常, 以至于开灯或开电视时很少仔细考虑电的问题。
2015年英语高考全国卷二完形填空 详解和译文
2015年英语高考全国卷二完形填空详解和译文融合).【语篇导读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。
作者女儿所在的球队因为这个赛季表现突出而入围锦标赛。
虽然与强手角逐的前两场比赛中失利，但是善于吸取教训的孩子们在周日的比赛中进球了。
通过这次经历，给我们启发，学校里的学习很重要，但是亲身经历和实践是更好的学习和老师。
41．【考点】本题考查语篇理解中的形容词辨析。
【答案】B【解析】学校，朋友，老师，这些都是传统的学习渠道，而非公共的、官方的、特殊的地方。
根据下文But…somewhereelseinstead．可知，这些都是传统意义上的学习的地方。
考查语境中形容词的辨析。
根据首句的意思及“SchoolAfriendAtutor”，再结合生活常识，不难看出，这些都是传统意义上的(traditional)学习途径。
public公共的：official官方的，正式的：special特别的。
均不符合题意。
42．【考点】本题考查语篇理解中的动词词义辨析。
【答案】C【解析】但是很有可能你真正想学的在除此以外的别的地方。
此空是learning的谓语，lie位于，在于。
根据第一句话的Where可知这里是lie，意为“在于”。
考查语境中动词的辨析。
既然你想要的学习方式不是传统的：在学校里跟朋友交流或向导师求教。
那么它很可能会存在于其它地方。
lie(位于，存在于)符合语境。
43．【考点】本题考查语篇理解中的名词辨析。
【答案】D【解析】“我”有机会在一个周末亲眼看到。
firsthand第一手的，亲自的。
A梦想；B观点；C习惯，都不符合句意。
havethechanceof意为“有……的机会”。
考查语境中名词的辨析。
联系下文可知，“我”有机会亲自观看了女儿的一场足球赛并领悟到了这一点。
dream梦想；idea主意；habit习惯。
均与句意不符。
高考完形填空真题解析Wheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearn[评析]这句话起到承上启下的作用，作者有这样一个机会目睹第一手的材料，以下的女儿踢球的故事印证了作者要表达的主题：通过亲自体验和领悟，能够学到更有价值的东西。
二次函数填空选择精选50题(含解析)
2015中考数学二次函数（选择题）及解答一．选择题（共30小题）1．（2015•兰州）下列函数解析式中，一定为二次函数的是（ ）A ． y =3x ﹣1B ． y =ax 2+bx +cC ． s =2t 2﹣2t +1D ． y =x 2+2．（2015•宁夏）函数y =与y =﹣kx 2+k （k ≠0）在同一直角坐标系中的图象可能是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．3．（2015•衢州）下列四个函数图象中，当x ＞0时，y 随x 的增大而减小的是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．4．（2015•锦州）在同一坐标系中，一次函数y =ax +2与二次函数y =x 2+a 的图象可能是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．5．（2015•湖北）二次函数y =ax 2+bx +c 的图象在平面直角坐标系中的位置如图所示，则一次函数y =ax +b 与反比例函数y =在同一平面直角坐标系中的图象可能是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．6．（2015•泰安）在同一坐标系中，一次函数y=﹣mx+n2与二次函数y=x2+m的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．7．（2015•泰安）某同学在用描点法画二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象时，列出了下面的表格：x…﹣2 ﹣1 0 1 2 …y…﹣11 ﹣2 1 ﹣2 ﹣5 …由于粗心，他算错了其中一个y值，则这个错误的数值是（）A．﹣11 B．﹣2 C． 1 D．﹣58．（2015•沈阳）在平面直角坐标系中，二次函数y=a（x﹣h）2（a≠0）的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．9．（2015•安徽）如图，一次函数y1=x与二次函数y2=ax2+bx+c图象相交于P、Q两点，则函数y=ax2+（b﹣1）x+c的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．10．（2015•泉州）在同一平面直角坐标系中，函数y=ax2+bx与y=bx+a的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．11．（2015•咸宁）如图是二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象，下列结论：①二次三项式ax2+bx+c的最大值为4；②4a+2b+c＜0；③一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=1的两根之和为﹣1；④使y≤3成立的x的取值范围是x≥0．其中正确的个数有（）A． 1个B． 2个C． 3个D． 4个12．（2015•新疆）抛物线y=（x﹣1）2+2的顶点坐标是（）A．（﹣1，2）B．（﹣1，﹣2）C．（1，﹣2）D．（1，2）13．（2015•梅州）对于二次函数y=﹣x2+2x．有下列四个结论：①它的对称轴是直线x=1；②设y1=﹣x12+2x1，y2=﹣x22+2x2，则当x2＞x1时，有y2＞y1；③它的图象与x轴的两个交点是（0，0）和（2，0）；④当0＜x＜2时，y＞0．其中正确的结论的个数为（）A． 1 B． 2 C． 3 D． 414．（2015•南昌）已知抛物线y=ax2+bx+c（a＞0）过（﹣2，0），（2，3）两点，那么抛物线的对称轴（）A．只能是x=﹣1B．可能是y轴C．在y轴右侧且在直线x=2的左侧D．在y轴左侧且在直线x=﹣2的右侧15．（2015•福州）已知一个函数图象经过（1，﹣4），（2，﹣2）两点，在自变量x的某个取值范围内，都有函数值y随x的增大而减小，则符合上述条件的函数可能是（）A．正比例函数B．一次函数C．反比例函数D．二次函数16．（2015•甘孜州）二次函数y=x2+4x﹣5的图象的对称轴为（）A．x=4 B．x=﹣4 C．x=2 D．x=﹣217．（2015•常州）已知二次函数y=x2+（m﹣1）x+1，当x＞1时，y随x的增大而增大，而m的取值范围是（）A．m=﹣1 B．m=3 C．m≤﹣1 D．m≥﹣118．（2015•玉林）如图，反比例函数y=的图象经过二次函数y=ax2+bx图象的顶点（﹣，m）（m ＞0），则有（）A．a=b+2k B．a=b﹣2k C．k＜b＜0 D．a＜k＜019．（2015•台州）设二次函数y=（x﹣3）2﹣4图象的对称轴为直线l，若点M在直线l上，则点M的坐标可能是（）A．（1，0）B．（3，0）C．（﹣3，0）D．（0，﹣4）20．（2015•兰州）在下列二次函数中，其图象对称轴为x=﹣2的是（）A．y=（x+2）2B．y=2x2﹣2C．y=﹣2x2﹣2 D．y=2（x﹣2）221．（2015•益阳）若抛物线y=（x﹣m）2+（m+1）的顶点在第一象限，则m的取值范围为（）A．m＞1 B．m＞0 C．m＞﹣1 D．﹣1＜m＜022．（2015•黔南州）二次函数y=x2﹣2x﹣3的图象如图所示，下列说法中错误的是（）B．顶点坐标是（1，﹣3）C．函数图象与x轴的交点坐标是（3，0）、（﹣1，0）D．当x＜0时，y随x的增大而减小23．（2015•安顺）如图为二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象，则下列说法：①a＞0 ②2a+b=0 ③a+b+c＞0 ④当﹣1＜x＜3时，y＞0其中正确的个数为（）A． 1 B． 2 C． 3 D． 424．（2015•恩施州）如图是二次函数y=ax2+bx+c图象的一部分，图象过点A（﹣3，0），对称轴为直线x=﹣1，给出四个结论：①b2＞4ac；②2a+b=0；③a+b+c＞0；④若点B（﹣，y1）、C（﹣，y2）为函数图象上的两点，则y1＜y2，其中正确结论是（）A．②④B．①④C．①③D．②③25．（2015•日照）如图是抛物线y1=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）图象的一部分，抛物线的顶点坐标A（1，3），与x轴的一个交点B（4，0），直线y2=mx+n（m≠0）与抛物线交于A，B两点，下列结论：①2a+b=0；②abc＞0；③方程ax2+bx+c=3有两个相等的实数根；④抛物线与x轴的另一个交点是（﹣1，0）；⑤当1＜x＜4时，有y2＜y1，其中正确的是（）A．①②③B．①③④C．①③⑤D．②④⑤26．（2015•毕节市）二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象如图所示，则下列关系式错误的是（）A．a＜0 B．b＞0 C．b2﹣4ac＞0 D．a+b+c＜027．（2015•深圳）二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象如图所示，下列说法正确的个数是（）①a＞0；②b＞0；③c＜0；④b2﹣4ac＞0．A． 1 B． 2 C． 3 D． 428．（2015•南宁）如图，已知经过原点的抛物线y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的对称轴是直线x=﹣1，下列结论中：•①ab＞0， ②a+b+c＞0， ③当﹣2＜x＜0时，y＜0．正确的个数是（）A． 0个B． 1个C． 2个D． 3个29．（2015•孝感）如图，二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象与x轴交于A，B两点，与y轴交于点C，且OA=OC．则下列结论：①abc＜0；②＞0；③ac﹣b+1=0；④OA•OB=﹣．其中正确结论的个数是（）A． 4 B． 3 C． 2 D． 130．（2015•遂宁）二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象如图所示，下列结论：①2a+b＞0；②abc＜0；③b2﹣4ac＞0；④a+b+c＜0；⑤4a﹣2b+c＜0，其中正确的个数是（）A． 2 B． 3 C． 4 D． 5二．填空题（共21小题）1．（2015•常州）二次函数y=﹣x2+2x﹣3图象的顶点坐标是．2．（2015•漳州）已知二次函数y=（x﹣2）2+3，当x时，y随x的增大而减小．3．（2015•杭州）函数y=x2+2x+1，当y=0时，x=；当1＜x＜2时，y随x的增大而（填写“增大”或“减小”）．4．（2015•天水）下列函数（其中n为常数，且n＞1）①y=（x＞0）；②y=（n﹣1）x；③y=（x＞0）；④y=（1﹣n）x+1；⑤y=﹣x2+2nx（x＜0）中，y的值随x的值增大而增大的函数有个．5．（2015•淄博）对于两个二次函数y1，y2，满足y1+y2=2x2+2x+8．当x=m时，二次函数y1的函数值为5，且二次函数y2有最小值3．请写出两个符合题意的二次函数y2的解析式（要求：写出的解析式的对称轴不能相同）．6．（2015•十堰）抛物线y=ax2+bx+c（a，b，c为常数，且a≠0）经过点（﹣1，0）和（m，0），且1＜m＜2，当x＜﹣1时，y随着x的增大而减小．下列结论：①abc＞0；②a+b＞0；③若点A（﹣3，y1），点B（3，y2）都在抛物线上，则y1＜y2；④a（m﹣1）+b=0；⑤若c≤﹣1，则b2﹣4ac≤4a．其中结论错误的是．（只填写序号）7．（2015•乌鲁木齐）如图，抛物线y=ax2+bx+c的对称轴是x=﹣1．且过点（，0），有下列结论：①abc＞0；②a﹣2b+4c=0；③25a﹣10b+4c=0；④3b+2c＞0；⑤a﹣b≥m（am﹣b）；其中所有正确的结论是．（填写正确结论的序号）8．（2015•长春）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，点A在抛物线y=x2﹣2x+2上运动．过点A作AC⊥x轴于点C，以AC为对角线作矩形ABCD，连结BD，则对角线BD的最小值为．9．（2015•河南）已知点A（4，y1），B（，y2），C（﹣2，y3）都在二次函数y=（x﹣2）2﹣1的图象上，则y1、y2、y3的大小关系是．10．（2015•乐山）在直角坐标系xOy中，对于点P（x，y）和Q（x，y′），给出如下定义：若y′=，则称点Q为点P的“可控变点”．例如：点（1，2）的“可控变点”为点（1，2），点（﹣1，3）的“可控变点”为点（﹣1，﹣3）．（1）若点（﹣1，﹣2）是一次函数y=x+3图象上点M的“可控变点”，则点M的坐标为．（2）若点P在函数y=﹣x2+16（﹣5≤x≤a）的图象上，其“可控变点”Q的纵坐标y′的取值范围是﹣16≤y′≤16，则实数a的取值范围是．11．（2015•宿迁）当x=m或x=n（m≠n）时，代数式x2﹣2x+3的值相等，则x=m+n时，代数式x2﹣2x+3的值为．12．（2015•龙岩）抛物线y=2x2﹣4x+3绕坐标原点旋转180°所得的抛物线的解析式是．13．（2015•湖州）如图，已知抛物线C1：y=a1x2+b1x+c1和C2：y=a2x2+b2x+c2都经过原点，顶点分别为A，B，与x轴的另一交点分别为M，N，如果点A与点B，点M与点N都关于原点O成中心对称，则称抛物线C1和C2为姐妹抛物线，请你写出一对姐妹抛物线C1和C2，使四边形ANBM恰好是矩形，你所写的一对抛物线解析式是和．14．（2015•绥化）把二次函数y=2x2的图象向左平移1个单位长度，再向下平移2个单位长度，平移后抛物线的解析式为．15．（2015•岳阳）如图，已知抛物线y=ax2+bx+c与x轴交于A、B两点，顶点C的纵坐标为﹣2，现将抛物线向右平移2个单位，得到抛物线y=a1x2+b1x+c1，则下列结论正确的是．（写出所有正确结论的序号）①b＞0②a﹣b+c＜0③阴影部分的面积为4④若c=﹣1，则b2=4a．16．（2015•莆田）用一根长为32cm的铁丝围成一个矩形，则围成矩形面积的最大值是cm2．17．（2015•资阳）已知抛物线p：y=ax2+bx+c的顶点为C，与x轴相交于A、B两点（点A在点B左侧），点C关于x轴的对称点为C′，我们称以A为顶点且过点C′，对称轴与y轴平行的抛物线为抛物线p的“梦之星”抛物线，直线AC′为抛物线p的“梦之星”直线．若一条抛物线的“梦之星”抛物线和“梦之星”直线分别是y=x2+2x+1和y=2x+2，则这条抛物线的解析式为．18．（2015•营口）某服装店购进单价为15元童装若干件，销售一段时间后发现：当销售价为25元时平均每天能售出8件，而当销售价每降低2元，平均每天能多售出4件，当每件的定价为元时，该服装店平均每天的销售利润最大．19．（2015•温州）某农场拟建两间矩形饲养室，一面靠现有墙（墙足够长），中间用一道墙隔开，并在如图所示的三处各留1m宽的门．已知计划中的材料可建墙体（不包括门）总长为27m，则能建成的饲养室面积最大为m2．20．（2015•湖州）已知在平面直角坐标系xOy中，O为坐标原点，线段AB的两个端点A（0，2），B（1，0）分别在y轴和x轴的正半轴上，点C为线段AB的中点，现将线段BA绕点B按顺时针方向旋转90°得到线段BD，抛物线y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）经过点D．（1）如图1，若该抛物线经过原点O，且a=﹣．①求点D的坐标及该抛物线的解析式；②连结CD，问：在抛物线上是否存在点P，使得∠POB与∠BCD互余？若存在，请求出所有满足条件的点P的坐标，若不存在，请说明理由；（2）如图2，若该抛物线y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）经过点E（1，1），点Q在抛物线上，且满足∠QOB与∠BCD互余．若符合条件的Q点的个数是4个，请直接写出a的取值范围．21．（2015•衢州）如图，已知直线y=﹣x+3分别交x轴、y轴于点A、B，P是抛物线y=﹣x2+2x+5的一个动点，其横坐标为a，过点P且平行于y轴的直线交直线y=﹣x+3于点Q，则当PQ=BQ时，a的值是．参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共30小题）1．（2015•兰州）下列函数解析式中，一定为二次函数的是（）A．y=3x﹣1 B．y=ax2+bx+c C．s=2t2﹣2t+1 D．y=x2+考点：二次函数的定义．分析：根据二次函数的定义，可得答案．解答：解：A、y=3x﹣1是一次函数，故A错误；B、y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）是二次函数，故B错误；C、s=2t2﹣2t+1是二次函数，故C正确；D、y=x2+不是二次函数，故D错误；故选：C．点评：本题考查了二次函数的定义，y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）是二次函数，注意二次函数都是整式．2．（2015•宁夏）函数y=与y=﹣kx2+k（k≠0）在同一直角坐标系中的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．考点：二次函数的图象；反比例函数的图象．专题：压轴题；数形结合．分析：本题可先由反比例函数的图象得到字母系数的正负，再与二次函数的图象相比较看是否一致．解答：解：由解析式y=﹣kx2+k可得：抛物线对称轴x=0；A、由双曲线的两支分别位于二、四象限，可得k＜0，则﹣k＞0，抛物线开口方向向上、抛物线与y 轴的交点为y轴的负半轴上；本图象与k的取值相矛盾，故A错误；B、由双曲线的两支分别位于一、三象限，可得k＞0，则﹣k＜0，抛物线开口方向向下、抛物线与y 轴的交点在y轴的正半轴上，本图象符合题意，故B正确；C、由双曲线的两支分别位于一、三象限，可得k＞0，则﹣k＜0，抛物线开口方向向下、抛物线与y 轴的交点在y轴的正半轴上，本图象与k的取值相矛盾，故C错误；D、由双曲线的两支分别位于一、三象限，可得k＞0，则﹣k＜0，抛物线开口方向向下、抛物线与y 轴的交点在y轴的正半轴上，本图象与k的取值相矛盾，故D错误．故选：B．点评：本题主要考查了二次函数及反比例函数和图象，解决此类问题步骤一般为：（1）先根据图象的特点判断k取值是否矛盾；（2）根据二次函数图象判断抛物线与y轴的交点是否符合要求．3．（2015•衢州）下列四个函数图象中，当x＞0时，y随x的增大而减小的是（）A．B．C．D．考点：二次函数的图象；一次函数的图象；反比例函数的图象．专题：计算题．分析：利用一次函数，二次函数，以及反比例函数的性质判断即可．解答：解：当x＞0时，y随x的增大而减小的是，故选B点评：此题考查了二次函数的图象，一次函数的图象，以及反比例函数的图象，熟练掌握各自的图象与性质是解本题的关键．4．（2015•锦州）在同一坐标系中，一次函数y=ax+2与二次函数y=x2+a的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．考点：二次函数的图象；一次函数的图象．分析：根据一次函数和二次函数的解析式可得一次函数与y轴的交点为（0，2），二次函数的开口向上，据此判断二次函数的图象．解答：解：当a＜0时，二次函数顶点在y轴负半轴，一次函数经过一、二、四象限；当a＞0时，二次函数顶点在y轴正半轴，一次函数经过一、二、三象限．故选C．点评：此题主要考查了二次函数及一次函数的图象的性质，用到的知识点为：二次函数和一次函数的常数项是图象与y轴交点的纵坐标．5．（2015•湖北）二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象在平面直角坐标系中的位置如图所示，则一次函数y=ax+b 与反比例函数y=在同一平面直角坐标系中的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．考点：二次函数的图象；一次函数的图象；反比例函数的图象．分析：根据二次函数图象开口向下得到a＜0，再根据对称轴确定出b，根据与y轴的交点确定出c ＞0，然后确定出一次函数图象与反比例函数图象的情况，即可得解．解答：解：∵二次函数图象开口方向向下，∴a＜0，∵对称轴为直线x=﹣＞0，∴b＞0，∵与y轴的正半轴相交，∴c＞0，∴y=ax+b的图象经过第一、二、四象限，反比例函数y=图象在第一三象限，只有C选项图象符合．故选C．点评：本题考查了二次函数的图形，一次函数的图象，反比例函数的图象，熟练掌握二次函数的有关性质：开口方向、对称轴、与y轴的交点坐标等确定出a、b、c的情况是解题的关键．6．（2015•泰安）在同一坐标系中，一次函数y=﹣mx+n2与二次函数y=x2+m的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．考点：二次函数的图象；一次函数的图象．分析：本题可先由一次函数y=﹣mx+n2图象得到字母系数的正负，再与二次函数y=x2+m的图象相比较看是否一致．解答：解：A、由直线与y轴的交点在y轴的负半轴上可知，n2＜0，错误；B、由抛物线与y轴的交点在y轴的正半轴上可知，m＞0，由直线可知，﹣m＞0，错误；C、由抛物线y轴的交点在y轴的负半轴上可知，m＜0，由直线可知，﹣m＜0，错误；D、由抛物线y轴的交点在y轴的负半轴上可知，m＜0，由直线可知，﹣m＞0，正确，故选D．点评：本题考查抛物线和直线的性质，用假设法来搞定这种数形结合题是一种很好的方法，难度适中．7．（2015•泰安）某同学在用描点法画二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象时，列出了下面的表格：x…﹣2 ﹣1 0 1 2 …y…﹣11 ﹣2 1 ﹣2 ﹣5 …由于粗心，他算错了其中一个y值，则这个错误的数值是（）A．﹣11 B．﹣2 C． 1 D．﹣5分析： 根据关于对称轴对称的自变量对应的函数值相等，可得答案．解答： 解：由函数图象关于对称轴对称，得（﹣1，﹣2），（0，1），（1，2）在函数图象上，把（﹣1，﹣2），（0，1），（1，﹣2）代入函数解析式，得， 解得，函数解析式为y =﹣3x 2+1x =2时y =﹣11，故选：D ．点评： 本题考查了二次函数图象，利用函数图象关于对称轴对称是解题关键．8．（2015•沈阳）在平面直角坐标系中，二次函数y =a （x ﹣h ）2（a ≠0）的图象可能是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．考点： 二次函数的图象．分析： 根据二次函数y =a （x ﹣h ）2（a ≠0）的顶点坐标为（h ，0），它的顶点坐标在x 轴上，即可解答．解答： 解：二次函数y =a （x ﹣h ）2（a ≠0）的顶点坐标为（h ，0），它的顶点坐标在x 轴上， 故选：D ．点评： 本题考查了二次函数的图象，解决本题的关键是明二次函数的顶点坐标．9．（2015•安徽）如图，一次函数y 1=x 与二次函数y 2=ax 2+bx +c 图象相交于P 、Q 两点，则函数y =ax 2+（b ﹣1）x +c 的图象可能是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．考点： 二次函数的图象；正比例函数的图象．分析：由一次函数y1=x与二次函数y2=ax2+bx+c图象相交于P、Q两点，得出方程ax2+（b﹣1）x+c=0有两个不相等的根，进而得出函数y=ax2+（b﹣1）x+c与x轴有两个交点，根据方程根与系数的关系得出函数y=ax2+（b﹣1）x+c的对称轴x=﹣＞0，即可进行判断．解答：解：∵一次函数y1=x与二次函数y2=ax2+bx+c图象相交于P、Q两点，∴方程ax2+（b﹣1）x+c=0有两个不相等的根，∴函数y=ax2+（b﹣1）x+c与x轴有两个交点，∵方程ax2+（b﹣1）x+c=0的两个不相等的根x1＞0，x2＞0，∴x1+x2=﹣＞0，∴﹣＞0，∴函数y=ax2+（b﹣1）x+c的对称轴x=﹣＞0，∵a＞0，开口向上，∴A符合条件，故选A．点评：本题考查了二次函数的图象，直线和抛物线的交点，交点坐标和方程的关系以及方程和二次函数的关系等，熟练掌握二次函数的性质是解题的关键．10．（2015•泉州）在同一平面直角坐标系中，函数y=ax2+bx与y=bx+a的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．考点：二次函数的图象；一次函数的图象．分析：首先根据图形中给出的一次函数图象确定a、b的符号，进而运用二次函数的性质判断图形中给出的二次函数的图象是否符合题意，根据选项逐一讨论解析，即可解决问题．解答：解：A、对于直线y=bx+a来说，由图象可以判断，a＞0，b＞0；而对于抛物线y=ax2+bx来说，对称轴x=﹣＜0，应在y轴的左侧，故不合题意，图形错误．B、对于直线y=bx+a来说，由图象可以判断，a＜0，b＜0；而对于抛物线y=ax2+bx来说，图象应开口向下，故不合题意，图形错误．C、对于直线y=bx+a来说，由图象可以判断，a＜0，b＞0；而对于抛物线y=ax2+bx来说，图象开口向下，对称轴y=﹣位于y轴的右侧，故符合题意，D、对于直线y=bx+a来说，由图象可以判断，a＞0，b＞0；而对于抛物线y=ax2+bx来说，图象开口向下，a＜0，故不合题意，图形错误．故选：C．点评：此主要考查了一次函数、二次函数图象的性质及其应用问题；解题的方法是首先根据其中一次函数图象确定a、b的符号，进而判断另一个函数的图象是否符合题意；解题的关键是灵活运用一次函数、二次函数图象的性质来分析、判断、解答．11．（2015•咸宁）如图是二次函数y=ax2+bx+c的图象，下列结论：①二次三项式ax2+bx+c的最大值为4；②4a+2b+c＜0；③一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=1的两根之和为﹣1；④使y≤3成立的x的取值范围是x≥0．其中正确的个数有（）A． 1个B． 2个C． 3个D． 4个考点：二次函数的图象；二次函数图象与系数的关系；二次函数的最值；抛物线与x轴的交点；二次函数与不等式（组）．分析：①根据抛物线的顶点坐标确定二次三项式ax2+bx+c的最大值；②根据x=2时，y＜0确定4a+2b+c的符号；③根据抛物线的对称性确定一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=1的两根之和；④根据函数图象确定使y≤3成立的x的取值范围．解答：解：∵抛物线的顶点坐标为（﹣1，4），∴二次三项式ax2+bx+c的最大值为4，①正确；∵x=2时，y＜0，∴4a+2b+c＜0，②正确；根据抛物线的对称性可知，一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=1的两根之和为﹣2，③错误；使y≤3成立的x的取值范围是x≥0或x≤﹣2，④错误，故选：B．点评：本题考查的是二次函数的图象、二次函数的最值、二次函数与不等式，掌握二次函数的性质、正确获取图象信息是解题的关键．12．（2015•新疆）抛物线y=（x﹣1）2+2的顶点坐标是（）A．（﹣1，2）B．（﹣1，﹣2）C．（1，﹣2）D．（1，2）考点：二次函数的性质．专题：压轴题．分析：直接利用顶点式的特点可写出顶点坐标．解答：解：∵顶点式y=a（x﹣h）2+k，顶点坐标是（h，k），∴抛物线y=（x﹣1）2+2的顶点坐标是（1，2）．故选D．点评：主要考查了求抛物线的顶点坐标、对称轴的方法．熟记二次函数的顶点式的形式是解题的关键．13．（2015•梅州）对于二次函数y=﹣x2+2x．有下列四个结论：①它的对称轴是直线x=1；②设y1=﹣x12+2x1，y2=﹣x22+2x2，则当x2＞x1时，有y2＞y1；③它的图象与x轴的两个交点是（0，0）和（2，0）；④当0＜x＜2时，y＞0．其中正确的结论的个数为（）A． 1 B． 2 C． 3 D． 4考点：二次函数的性质．分析：利用配方法求出二次函数对称轴，再求出图象与x轴交点坐标，进而结合二次函数性质得出答案．解答：解：y=﹣x2+2x=﹣（x﹣1）2+1，故①它的对称轴是直线x=1，正确；②∵直线x=1两旁部分增减性不一样，∴设y1=﹣x12+2x1，y2=﹣x22+2x2，则当x2＞x1时，有y2＞y1，错误；③当y=0，则x（﹣x+2）=0，解得：x1=0，x2=2，故它的图象与x轴的两个交点是（0，0）和（2，0），正确；④∵a=﹣1＜0，∴抛物线开口向下，∵它的图象与x轴的两个交点是（0，0）和（2，0），∴当0＜x＜2时，y＞0，正确．故选：C．点评：此题主要考查了二次函数的性质以及一元二次方程的解法，得出抛物线的对称轴和其交点坐标是解题关键．14．（2015•南昌）已知抛物线y=ax2+bx+c（a＞0）过（﹣2，0），（2，3）两点，那么抛物线的对称轴（）A．只能是x=﹣1B．可能是y轴C．在y轴右侧且在直线x=2的左侧D．在y轴左侧且在直线x=﹣2的右侧考点：二次函数的性质．分析：根据题意判定点（﹣2，0）关于对称轴的对称点横坐标x2满足：﹣2＜x2＜2，从而得出﹣2＜＜0，即可判定抛物线对称轴的位置．解答：解：∵抛物线y=ax2+bx+c（a＞0）过（﹣2，0），（2，3）两点，∴点（﹣2，0）关于对称轴的对称点横坐标x2满足：﹣2＜x2＜2，∴﹣2＜＜0，∴抛物线的对称轴在y轴左侧且在直线x=﹣2的右侧．故选D．点评：本题考查了二次函数的性质，根据点坐标判断出另一个点的位置是解题的关键．15．（2015•福州）已知一个函数图象经过（1，﹣4），（2，﹣2）两点，在自变量x的某个取值范围内，都有函数值y随x的增大而减小，则符合上述条件的函数可能是（）A．正比例函数B．一次函数C．反比例函数D．二次函数考点：二次函数的性质；一次函数的性质；正比例函数的性质；反比例函数的性质．分析：求出一次函数和反比例函数的解析式，根据其性质进行判断．解答：解：设一次函数解析式为：y=kx+b，由题意得，，解得，，∵k＞0，∴y随x的增大而增大，∴A、B错误，设反比例函数解析式为：y=，由题意得，k=﹣4，k＜0，∴在每个象限，y随x的增大而增大，∴C错误，当抛物线开口向上，x＞1时，y随x的增大而减小．故选：D．点评：本题考查的是正比例函数、一次函数、反比例函数和二次函数的性质，掌握各个函数的增减性是解题的关键．16．（2015•甘孜州）二次函数y=x2+4x﹣5的图象的对称轴为（）A．x=4 B．x=﹣4 C．x=2 D．x=﹣2考点：二次函数的性质．分析：直接利用抛物线的对称轴公式代入求出即可．解答：解：二次函数y=x2+4x﹣5的图象的对称轴为：x=﹣=﹣=﹣2．故选：D．点评：此题主要考查了二次函数的性质，正确记忆抛物线对称轴公式是解题关键．17．（2015•常州）已知二次函数y=x2+（m﹣1）x+1，当x＞1时，y随x的增大而增大，而m的取值范围是（）A．m=﹣1 B．m=3 C．m≤﹣1 D．m≥﹣1考点：二次函数的性质．分析：根据二次函数的性质，利用二次函数的对称轴不大于1列式计算即可得解．解答：解：抛物线的对称轴为直线x=﹣，∵当x＞1时，y的值随x值的增大而增大，∴﹣≤1，解得m≥﹣1．故选D．点评：本题考查了二次函数的性质，主要利用了二次函数的增减性，熟记性质并列出不等式是解题的关键．18．（2015•玉林）如图，反比例函数y=的图象经过二次函数y=ax2+bx图象的顶点（﹣，m）（m ＞0），则有（）A．a=b+2k B．a=b﹣2k C．k＜b＜0 D．a＜k＜0考点：二次函数的性质；反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征．专题：计算题．分析：把（﹣，m）代入y=ax2+bx图象的顶点坐标公式得到顶点（﹣，﹣），再把（﹣，﹣）代入得到k=，由图象的特征即可得到结论．解答：解：∵y=ax2+bx图象的顶点（﹣，m），∴﹣=﹣，即b=a，∴m==﹣，∴顶点（﹣，﹣），把x=﹣，y=﹣代入反比例解析式得：k=，由图象知：抛物线的开口向下，∴a＜0，∴a＜k＜0，故选D．点评：本题考查了二次函数的性质，反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征，熟练掌握反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征是解题的关键．19．（2015•台州）设二次函数y=（x﹣3）2﹣4图象的对称轴为直线l，若点M在直线l上，则点M 的坐标可能是（）A．（1，0）B．（3，0）C．（﹣3，0）D．（0，﹣4）考点：二次函数的性质．分析：根据二次函数的解析式可得出直线l的方程为x=3，点M在直线l上则点M的横坐标一定为3，从而选出答案．解答：解：∵二次函数y=（x﹣3）2﹣4图象的对称轴为直线x=3，∴直线l上所有点的横坐标都是3，∵点M在直线l上，∴点M的横坐标为3，故选B．点评：本题考查了二次函数的性质，解答本题的关键是掌握二次函数y=a（x﹣h）2+k的顶点坐标为（h，k），对称轴是x=h．20．（2015•兰州）在下列二次函数中，其图象对称轴为x=﹣2的是（）A．y=（x+2）2B．y=2x2﹣2C．y=﹣2x2﹣2 D．y=2（x﹣2）2考点：二次函数的性质．分析：根据二次函数的性质求出各个函数的对称轴，选出正确的选项．解答：解：y=（x+2）2的对称轴为x=﹣2，A正确；y=2x2﹣2的对称轴为x=0，B错误；y=﹣2x2﹣2的对称轴为x=0，C错误；y=2（x﹣2）2的对称轴为x=2，D错误．故选：A．点评：本题考查的是二次函数的性质，正确求出二次函数图象的对称轴是解题的关键．21．（2015•益阳）若抛物线y=（x﹣m）2+（m+1）的顶点在第一象限，则m的取值范围为（）A．m＞1 B．m＞0 C．m＞﹣1 D．﹣1＜m＜0考点：二次函数的性质．分析：利用y=ax2+bx+c的顶点坐标公式表示出其顶点坐标，根据顶点在第一象限，所以顶点的横坐标和纵坐标都大于0列出不等式组．解答：解：由y=（x﹣m）2+（m+1）=x2﹣2mx+（m2+m+1），根据题意，，解不等式（1），得m＞0，解不等式（2），得m＞﹣1；所以不等式组的解集为m＞0．故选B．点评：本题考查顶点坐标的公式和点所在象限的取值范围，同时考查了不等式组的解法，难度较大．22．（2015•黔南州）二次函数y=x2﹣2x﹣3的图象如图所示，下列说法中错误的是（）A．函数图象与y轴的交点坐标是（0，﹣3）B．顶点坐标是（1，﹣3）C．函数图象与x轴的交点坐标是（3，0）、（﹣1，0）D．当x＜0时，y随x的增大而减小考点：二次函数的性质；二次函数的图象．分析：A、将x=0代入y=x2﹣2x﹣3，求出y=﹣3，得出函数图象与y轴的交点坐标，即可判断；B、将一般式化为顶点式，求出顶点坐标，即可判断；C、将y=0代入y=x2﹣2x﹣3，求出x的值，得到函数图象与x轴的交点坐标，即可判断；D、利用二次函数的增减性即可判断．解答：解：A、∵y=x2﹣2x﹣3，∴x=0时，y=﹣3，∴函数图象与y轴的交点坐标是（0，﹣3），故本选项说法正确；B、∵y=x2﹣2x﹣3=（x﹣1）2﹣4，∴顶点坐标是（1，﹣4），故本选项说法错误；C、∵y=x2﹣2x﹣3，∴y=0时，x2﹣2x﹣3=0，解得x=3或﹣1，∴函数图象与x轴的交点坐标是（3，0）、（﹣1，0），故本选项说法正确；D、∵y=x2﹣2x﹣3=（x﹣1）2﹣4，∴对称轴为直线x=1，又∵a=1＞0，开口向上，∴x＜1时，y随x的增大而减小，∴x＜0时，y随x的增大而减小，故本选项说法正确；故选B．点评：本题考查了二次函数的性质，抛物线与坐标轴的交点坐标，掌握二次函数的性质是解决本题的关键．23．（2015•安顺）如图为二次函数y=ax2+bx+c（a≠0）的图象，则下列说法：①a＞0 ②2a+b=0 ③a+b+c＞0 ④当﹣1＜x＜3时，y＞0其中正确的个数为（）A． 1 B． 2 C． 3 D． 4考点：二次函数图象与系数的关系．专题：压轴题．分析：由抛物线的开口方向判断a与0的关系，由x=1时的函数值判断a+b+c＞0，然后根据对称轴推出2a+b与0的关系，根据图象判断﹣1＜x＜3时，y的符号．解答：解：①图象开口向下，能得到a＜0；②对称轴在y轴右侧，x==1，则有﹣=1，即2a+b=0；③当x=1时，y＞0，则a+b+c＞0；④由图可知，当﹣1＜x＜3时，y＞0．故选C．点评：本题主要考查图象与二次函数系数之间的关系，会利用对称轴的范围求2a与b的关系，以及二次函数与方程之间的转换，根的判别式的熟练运用．24．（2015•恩施州）如图是二次函数y=ax2+bx+c图象的一部分，图象过点A（﹣3，0），对称轴为直线x=﹣1，给出四个结论：①b2＞4ac；②2a+b=0；③a+b+c＞0；④若点B（﹣，y1）、C（﹣，y2）为函数图象上的两点，则y1＜y2，其中正确结论是（）A．②④B．①④C．①③D．②③考点：二次函数图象与系数的关系．分析：由抛物线的开口方向判断a与0的关系，由抛物线与y轴的交点判断c与0的关系，然后根据对称轴及抛物线与x轴交点情况进行推理，进而对所得结论进行判断．解答：解：∵抛物线的开口方向向下，∴a＜0；∵抛物线与x轴有两个交点，∴b2﹣4ac＞0，即b2＞4ac，故①正确由图象可知：对称轴x=﹣=﹣1，。
高考英语全国卷2015II卷完形填空翻译与解析
全国卷完形填空真题解析2015 II单词短语：it may （well） be +that从句（很〉有可能是・・・learning n.知识,学问；学习first hand第•手的，直接的，亲身的tournament rtoin^mant/ n.锦标赛；联赛play against同.••比赛：对战shoot on goal 射门click with与…合得来，默契clicks.被突然明白，豁然开朗：配合默契,运作协调"•咔嗒声，点击，单击aggressively adv.富于攻击性地aggressive /s^resiv/ adj.富于攻击性的：敢作敢为的：侵略的：好斗的It strike sb. that...某人突然想到…；某人产生…想法general principle •般的原则■总原则work sthout找…的答案，解决；计划，思考：计算，算出：解析：Where do you go when you want to learn something? School? A friend? A tutor? These are all 41 places of learning・ But it may well be that the learning you really want 42 somewhere else instead・当你想学习的时候，你会去哪里？学校？朋友？家教？这些都是学习的（）地方。
但是很可能的情况是，你真正想学的东西反而（）某个地方.41.考查形容词：public公共的：traditional传统的：official官方的：special特殊的42.考查动词：passes经过，通过； works E作：lies位于，躺：ends结束41.42.文章•开始捉到的去学校学习、向朋友求教或找家庭教师辅导，根据常识知这些都是传统的（traditional）学习方式.但很可能你真正想学的却不在这些地方，而在（lies）其他地方.故选B, C.I had the 43 of seeing this first hand on a 44 •在一个（），我有（）亲眼看到了。
2015届中考物理核心考点专项训练：专题03 填空、选择―热学易错点睛(原卷版)
[填空选择热学题易错点]初中热学部分包括物态变化、内能及其利用两大部分，填空选择题能占到5至8分，考查的频率很高，题目一般较为简单，但如果对概念认识不清仍会出现不必要的错误。
填空选择热学易错点主要有以下部分：1、对于物体发生的哪种物态变化及吸放热的判断易出错。
2、对于晶体熔化必须同时满足两个条件的理解易出错。
3、对于自然界中的云、雨、雪、雾、霜等物态变化的判断易错。
4、对于晶体的熔化、凝固图像及水的沸腾图像的分析易错。
5、对内能和温度的关系理解不清。
6、对温度、热量和内能的理解不够。
7、对比热容是物质的一种属性的认识易出错。
8、对物体吸收或放出热量的多少与物体的质量、构成物质的种类及温度的改变有关，分析热量的变化时考虑不全面。
9、关于汽油机、柴油机一个工作循环有几个冲程，活塞往复几次，曲轴（飞轮）转几圈，对外做功几次之间的关系认识不清，是易错点。
10、 对内燃机一个工作过程中，压缩和做功冲程中的能量转化区分错误。
11、 对热值的概念理解不清。
12、对热机效率中做有用功的那部分能量和燃料完全燃烧释放的能量区分不清。
13、不能正确理解能量守恒定律及能量的转化与转移。
[填空选择热学题命题规律]物态变化中的易考点主要有：用温度计测温度、六中物态变化现象的判断及吸放热情况、晶体和非晶体的熔化、凝固图像的识别，水的沸腾特点、影响蒸发快慢的因素等。
内能及其利用的易考点主要有：分子动理论；内能、温度、热量三者之间的关系；改变内能的两种方式；比热容的概念；水的比热容大的用途；热量、热值、热机效率及其运算等。
热学部分的填空选择题一般是与其他个章的内容结合起来进行综合考查，今年的中考仍会节能相联系的问题要引起重视。
1.（2012·烟台）如图所示的是某种物质发生物态变化过程中温度﹣﹣时间图象．该物态变化过程可能是（）A．水的凝固过程B．海波的凝固过程C．玻璃的凝固过程D．蜡的凝固过程2.（2013•茂名）下列现象中，属于扩散的是（）A．擦黑板时，粉笔灰在空中飞舞B．粉笔蹭到衣服，在衣服上留下粉笔痕迹C．玉兰花开，闻到阵阵花香D．秋天到来，树叶飘落A．一块0℃的冰没有内能，它的分子不会运动B．一个物体吸收了热量，它的温度一定会升高C．一个物体温度升高了，它的一定内能增加D．用水作为汽车发动机散热器的冷却剂，其主要原因是水的比热容较小6.（2013•日照）关于水沸腾实验，下列说法正确的是（）然气（假设天然气完全燃烧）。