第三讲定语从句形容词,副词,定语从句
2020高考英语复习 定语从句
第三讲定语从句定语从句必备知识1．定语从句在复合句中，修饰名词、代词或整个句子的从句叫作定语从句。
定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。
(定语从句作后置定语)2．先行词被定语从句所修饰的词或句子叫先行词，作先行词的可以是：(1)一个词(通常是名词，也可以是代词)This is the place which is worth visiting.这是值得参观的地方。
He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
(2)一个短语Many life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.许多以前可以通过询问家庭成员、朋友或者同事就能解决的生活问题，是现在的大家庭无力解决的。
(3)一个分句The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people have realized how diverse languages could be.希腊人认为，语言结构和思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
(4)一个完整的句子I found an old man lying on the ground and I took him to hospital in a taxi immediately, which was why I was late that morning.我发现一个老人躺在马路上，我立即乘出租车把他送到了医院，这就是那天上午我迟到的原因。
从句的分类
从句的分类一. 名词性从句名词性从句是用来充当名词的子句，可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
例如：What he said is very interesting.二. 形容词性从句形容词性从句是用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句，通常用来表达某种特定的状态或性质。
例如：The book that I borrowed from the library is very helpful.三. 副词性从句副词性从句是用来修饰一个动词、形容词或副词的从句，通常用来表达时间、地点、原因、条件、方式等概念。
例如：I will go to bed after I finish my homework.四. 定语从句定语从句是用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句，通常放在被修饰的名词或代词后面。
例如：The man who is sitting next to me is my friend.五. 状语从句状语从句是用来修饰一个动词、形容词或副词的从句，通常放在句子的末尾或中间。
例如：Although it was raining heavily, we still went out to play.六. 同位语从句同位语从句是用来解释或说明某个名词或代词的从句，通常放在被解释或说明的名词或代词后面，用逗号或冒号隔开。
例如：My dream, that I can travel around the world, is very beautiful.七. 反义疑问句反义疑问句是由一个陈述句和一个反问句组成的句子，用来表示询问者对所说的话是否正确或期望得到回答。
例如：You can speak English, can't you?八. 倒装句倒装句是将主语和谓语的位置颠倒过来的句子，通常用来表示强调或判断。
例如：Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset.九. 感叹句感叹句是用来表达强烈情感或感叹的句子，通常用来表示惊讶、喜悦、悲伤等情感。
定语从句 定语从句、形容词、副词
第三讲定语从句、形容词、副词、定语从句初中知识回顾与介绍1．关于定语从句的定义与种类在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，用作定语的从句叫做定语从句(attributive clause)。
被定语从句所修饰的词叫做先行词(antecedent)。
定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
初中定语从句种类：引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who、whom、whose、which、that和关系副词when、where、why等。
2. 初中定语从句的实例与应用技巧（1）关系代词：实例1：The foreigner who visited our class yesterday is from Canada.实例2：The fish (which) we bought was not fresh.实例3：Miss Brown is the teacher whose house caught fire last night.[应用技巧小结]：关系代词可作主语、宾语、定语，可代指人或物。
（2）关系副词：实例1：I'll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.实例2：The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.实例3：This is the reason why he came late.[应用技巧小结]：关系副词where, when和why在定语从句中分别作地点状语、时间状语和原因状语。
（二）高中知识衔接与介绍1．关于高中定语从句学习（1）高一年级定语从句范围：限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句，介词加关系代词引导的定语从句，as引导的定语从句。
实例1 Football, which is an interesting game, is played all over the world.实例2 I should like to use the same tool as you used yesterday.实例3 The factory in which (=where) I work is a large one.（2）高考重点时态项目---知识拓展范围：关系代词和关系副词混淆实例1 This is the factory that/which we visited last year.实例2 I won't forget the time that we spent in the countryside.[应用技巧] 先行词为表示时间、地点的名词时，关系词不一定都用when或where。
(完整版)定语从句讲解
1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。
被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二 关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分（主语、宾 语、状语等）。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ，who ，whom ，whose ，which;关系副词有 when ，where ，why 等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。
who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。
在现代英语里，有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。
作 宾语的关系代词who ，whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外）。
She was the one who did most of the talking 。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
（作主语） The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
（作宾语）I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
（作宾语，whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom 前面时，不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。
初中英语从句类型总结
初中英语从句类型总结从句是一个句子在句子中充当特定成分的句子。
它们可以在复合句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语。
学好英语从句是初中英语的重要内容，也是学生提高英语语言能力的关键。
下面是对常见的英语从句类型进行总结，以帮助初中学生更好地理解和运用。
一、名词性从句：名词性从句在句子中充当名词的成分，可以作主语、宾语、表语或补语。
1. 主语从句：主语从句作为主句的主语，一般以连词that引导，也可以以whether或if引导。
例句：Whether he will come to the party is still unknown.2. 主语从句的特殊情况：- 在it is/was + adj. + that从句这种结构中，that从句充当主语。
例句：It is important that we learn from our mistakes.- 有时从句的结构较长或复杂，为避免过多的that，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语是从句。
例句：It is said that he has won the first prize in the competition.3. 宾语从句：宾语从句作为及物动词的宾语，由连词that引导，也可以以whether 或 if引导。
例句：I don't know if he will come to the party.4. 表语从句：表语从句用来说明主语的身份、性质、状态等，由连词that引导。
例句：The fact that he was absent from the meeting surprised everyone.5. 同位语从句：同位语从句用来解释或说明一个名词或代词的具体内容，由连词that引导。
例句：The news that he has passed the exam excited his parents.二、形容词性从句：形容词性从句用来修饰名词或代词，由关系代词who、whom、whose、which或关系副词where、when、why、how引导。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题（Attributive Clauses）教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl（who got the first prize.）girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as（主, 宾, 定）关系副词: when, where, why.（状语）2.关系词的作用:（1）引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用；（2）代替先行词在句中充当成分。
定语从句副词知识点总结
定语从句副词知识点总结一、副词在定语从句中的使用规则副词在定语从句中的使用与在普通句子中的使用有一些不同，需要根据句子结构和语境进行正确的使用。
一般来说，副词可以用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，因此在定语从句中，副词的使用也需要符合这一规律。
具体而言，副词通常用来修饰定语从句中的动词，形容词或副词，起到对动作、状态或程度的修饰作用，从而丰富了定语从句的含义。
例如：The book (that) I read yesterday is very interesting.昨天我读的那本书非常有趣。
在这个例子中，副词“very”修饰了形容词“interesting”，起到了强调的作用，使得定语从句的意义更加精确和生动。
二、副词在定语从句中的位置副词在定语从句中的位置主要有两种情况，一种是紧跟在关系代词之后，另一种是放在定语从句中动词的后面或句末。
具体情况要根据句子的结构和语境来确定。
通常情况下，副词位于关系代词之后，用来修饰整个定语从句的内容，这样可以使定语从句的意义更加清晰和准确。
例如：The reason (why) she is late is that she missed the bus.她迟到的原因是她错过了公交车。
在这个例子中，副词“why”紧跟在关系代词“reason”之后，修饰整个定语从句的内容，帮助读者更好地理解句子的意思。
另一种情况是副词放在定语从句中动词的后面或句末，用来修饰动词或句子，起到对动作、状态或程度的修饰作用。
这种情况下，副词通常是由先行词决定的，需要根据先行词所表达的意思来选择合适的副词。
例如：I don’t like the way (that) he talks to me.我不喜欢他对我说话的方式。
在这个例子中，副词“heavily”放在了定语从句中动词“talks”的后面，修饰了动词的方式，使得句子的意义更加具体和生动。
三、副词与关系代词引导的定语从句相结合在定语从句中，副词通常是与关系代词一起引导从句的，它们共同构成了定语从句的核心部分。
高中从句总结
高中从句总结引言在高中英语学习中，句子结构的复杂化是一个重要的学习内容。
其中，从句作为主句的修饰成分，起到扩展句子表达能力的作用。
掌握从句的构成、用法和特点，对于提高英语写作和阅读理解能力有着重要意义。
本文将从从句的定义、分类、引导词和用法等方面进行总结，帮助读者更好地理解和运用从句。
一、从句的定义从句是一个句子结构，在句子中充当某个成分，由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成。
从句分为名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
1.名词性从句：在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语的从句。
常见的名词性从句有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
2.形容词性从句：在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语的从句。
形容词性从句用来修饰名词或代词，常见的形容词性从句有定语从句和同位语从句。
3.副词性从句：在句子中充当状语的从句。
副词性从句可以修饰动词、形容词或副词，常见的副词性从句有时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句等。
二、从句的引导词不同类型的从句有不同的引导词，下面列举了一些常见的引导词。
1.名词性从句的引导词：•主语从句：that、whether、if、wh-引导词（如what、which、who、when、where等）•宾语从句：that、whether、if、wh-引导词•表语从句：that、whether、if、wh-引导词•同位语从句：that、whether、wh-引导词2.形容词性从句的引导词：•定语从句：that、which、who、whom、whose、whom、when、where、why等3.副词性从句的引导词：•时间状语从句：when、as/while、before、after、since、until、till 等•地点状语从句：where•原因状语从句：because、since等•结果状语从句：so/such…that•条件状语从句：if、unless、whether、provided/providing that、as long as/so long as等三、从句的用法1.名词性从句的用法：•主语从句：主语从句位于句首，常用it作形式主语，例如。
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初高中衔接班英语学科导学案课题：形容词，副词，定语从句学习任务: 1.学习、回顾初中相关知识并熟练运用。
2.了解本知识点在高中教学中的运用。
3.趣味阅读及能力提升〖学习目标〗知识目标:掌握本节课新内容能力目标：培养学生的写作能力情感目标：提高学生学习英语的兴趣，并且使学生学会均衡饮食。
〖重点难点预见〗1. 定语从句第三讲形容词，副词，定语从句（一）初中知识回顾与介绍1．从本片趣味故事中（在最后部分）找出形容词，副词，和定语从句_______________________________________________________2.. 初中形容词，副词用法复习(1）形容词修饰哪些词？有什么作用？__________________________________________________（2）副词修饰哪些词？有什么作用？_____________________________________________________（3）friendly， lovely，lonely，likely， ugly，是什么词？___________________________________________________（4）形容词，副词比较级，最高级的复习，各种情况举例复习_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________考题实例：《1》.This place is not big enough for Lucy’s birthday party. We should find a one.陕西中考A. bigB. smallC. biggerD. smaller《2》. Chinese people believe that on Mid-autumn Day, the moon is _______ and _______ than usual. 广东中考A. big, roundB. big, rounderC. bigger, rounder《3》.(2011全国卷II,17) Mr. Stevenson is great to work for ——I really couldn't ask for a ______ boss.A. betterB. goodC. bestD. still better《4》.02全国卷) Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has ___IQ。
A.a highB. a higherC. the higherD. the highest3.定语从句初中学了哪些关系词？举出定语从句的例子__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（二）高中知识衔接与介绍1．关于高中定语从句的学习（1）高一年级定语从句范围：限制性和非限制性的定语从句高中出现的关系词________________________________________________________(2)典型例题分析应用实例1.The boys _____are playing football are from class one.2.The book_____ I am reading is written by MoYan.3.He was the first person _____passed the exam.拓展：___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.He has a friend_____ father is a doctor5. This is the factory _____/____/_______he visited yesterday6. This is the factory_____/______ produces cars.7.This is the factory_____/______ he worked。
补充： 5, 6, 7作比较__________________________________________小试牛刀： I still remember the day ____________I first came to the school.I still remember the day ____________we spent(度过)together last year.8;自力更生：用上why 引导的定语从句来造一个句子：__________________________________________________（3）知识拓展实例实例1：Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses.水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。
Then he met Mary，who invited him to a party .His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.（了解）_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 实例2： As we all know,the sun rises from the east.(知道) 高考实例1 2008 (重庆卷) They will fly to Washington____they plan to stay for two or three days.A whereB whenC thereD which____________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________2. 2010年全国一卷 As a child , Jack studied in a village school, ______is named after his grandfather.A whichB whereC whatD that3. 2012年天津 I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ___I would never have learned so much.A whoB whomC whichD whoseI wish to thank Professor Smith, without ___ help I would never have learned so much.实战技能：定语从句三步：第一找出；第二看；第三。
练习部分一、填空题1. I still remember the night _______I first came to the house.2. Mr Black is going to Beijing in October, _______is the best season there3. I will never forget the days _______I spent with your family4.Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week?5.He lives in the room, the window _____faces to the south.二．选择题1. The girl __________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A. who is singingB. is singingC. sangD. was singing2. Can you lend me the novel __________ the other day?A. that you talkedB. you talked about itC. which you talked withD. you talked about3. The train __________ she was travelling was late.A. whichB. whereC. on whichD. in that4. I like the second football match __________ was held last week.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. /5. Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.A. whomB. whereC. thatD. which三、短文填空（用上关系代词或关系副词，答案不唯一）The most positive (乐观的) person ____I have ever seen is my dad! He is so positive that I do not remember hearing a single word from him ____ is related (相关的) to hopelessness!Unlike most mums and dads,my dad never says things ____ make me feel bad .He is always there to give me encouragement and help. When I do wrong things,he always tells me what’s right in a positive way. For example,if I am in trouble. he often tells me to open the books __he bought me.Then he asks me to read the stories ___ can help me with the problems___ I’m facing.(节自2013年河北省中考真题)四、微型写作自我介绍，尽量用上定语从句_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________本篇哲理故事I Didn’t Know I Have Been So Rich!There was a young man who was unhappy everyday. He always complained about his poverty and unluckiness.An old neighbour with white hair and white beard saw this and asked him, “Young man, why are you so upset everyday?” T he young man answered, “I can’t understand why I am always so poor.”“Are you poor? You are rich, indeed.”The young man was rather confused,“What do you mean? ”The old man asked,“If one of your fingers is cut down, and you will get one thousand yuan from it, are you willing?”“No!”“If one of your hands is cut down, and you will get ten thousand yuan from it, are you willing?”“No!”“If both of your eyes become blind, and you will get one hundred thousand from it, are you willing?”“No!”“If you become an eighty-year-old man who is seriously ill, and you will get one million from it, are you willing?”“No!”“If you die now, and you will get ten million from it, are you willing?”“No!”“That’s it. Since you have already owned as much as ten million, why are you always complaining about being so poor and unlucky?”Hearing this, the young man was shocked and speechless. He finally understood what the old man meant.。