高中英语语法大全

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高中英语语法大全

还记得高中的时候都学过哪些语法吗?英语老师强调掌握的是?下面是学习啦小编给大家整理的高中英语语法,供大家参阅!

高中英语语法:倒装结构

同学们很容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装。如何区分之,编个顺口溜:副(adv.)介(prep.)提前全倒装,其它句式部分倒;否定提前倒助动,让步状语倒表语;复合句式倒主句,不倒装的属特殊。

下面举例说明:

A、Here comes the bus.(副词提前,全倒装)

B、Here he comes.(代词作主语,不倒装)

C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前,全倒装)

D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前,部分倒装)

E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句,表语倒装)

F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.(only 修饰状语,主句倒装)

G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语.不倒装)

H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前,部分倒装)

I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语,不倒装)

高中英语语法:引导的主语从句的what

1. 表特指

所谓表特指,就是说此时的what 在用法上大致相当于the。如:

What money I have will be yours when I die. = The money I have will be yours when I die. 我一死我的钱就都给你。

What possessions I have are yours.=The possessions I have are yours. 我的所有的财产都是你的。

2. 表“微量”

有时不仅表特指,而且还表“微量”,即含有“量不多”之意。如果将“特指”和“微量”结合起来,该结构的意思就是“虽不多,但全部”,有时可译为“仅有”。如:

What ideas he has are his wife’s. 他仅有的一点想法都是他妻子的。

What friends she has are out of the country. 她有的那些朋友全在国外。

这类“what+名词”结构并不是总具有“微量性”,即有时有,有时没有。如果要想明确或强化这种微量性特点,我们可以该结构的名词前加上表示微量的修饰语few(用于复数名词前)或little(用于不可数名词前)。如:

What few friends she has are out of the country.=The few friends she has are out of the country. 她仅有的几个朋友都在国外。

What little free time he had was spent with the family.= The little free time he had was spent with the family. 他仅有的一点空余时间都是与家人在一起度过的。

高中英语语法:主谓一致

一.概念

主谓一致是指:

1) 语法形式上要一致,即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2) 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

3) 就近原则,即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语,

一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。例如:

There is much water in the thermos.

但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:

Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.

二.相关知识点精讲

1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:

Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如:The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。

典型例题

The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.

A. is

B. was

C. are

D. were

答案B. 注:先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除 A.,C。本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的

职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。

2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则

1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如:

There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀

和几本书。

There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩,二十三个女孩。

2)当either... or... 与neither... nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语

保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻

近的主语一致。例如:

Either you or she is to go. 不是你去,就是她去。

Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。

3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致

当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成

的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如:

The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生

在参观工厂。

He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。

4. 谓语需用单数的情况

1)代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时,或主语中

含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如:

Each of us has a tape-recorder. 我们每人都有录音机。

There is something wrong with my watch. 我的表坏了。

2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。例如:

The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 《天方夜谭》是英语爱

好者熟悉的一本书。

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