机械工程专业英语教程 (第5版)课件 (68)[10页]

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《机械类专业英语》课件

Skimming
This skill allows readers to quickly scan through the text to get a general understanding of the content It is often used to identify key information or main ideas
Learning significance and purpose
Learning significance and purpose
Learning significance: Mastering mechanical English is of great significance for enhancing personal competitiveness, broadening international perspectives, and promoting academic exchanges.
PPT courseware for Mechanical Professional English
• Introduction to Mechanical Professional English
• Mechanical English Vocabulary • Mechanical English Reading and
Outline
Skimming through the text to identify key information or ideas and creating an outline to organize them This helps readers understand the structure of the article and how different ideas are connected

《机械工程专业英语》课件

机械工程原理
深入研究机械运动、力学和设计方面的原理和方法。
机械工程设计
学习机械系统和组件的设计过程，包括CAD和仿真技术的应用。
学习资源
参考书籍
推荐几本经典的机械工程教材，供学生参考和深入学习。
学习网站
介绍几个优质的在线学习平台，提供丰富的课程和资源供学生学习。
实践项目
鼓励学生参与实际机械工程项目，提升实践能力和解决问题的能力。
2 学生建议和意见
鼓励学生提供对课程的建议和意见，帮助课程更好地满足学生的需求。
总结
课程概述
总结《机械工程专业英语》课程的内容和目标，强调学生在学习过程中的收获。
学习成果
强调学生通过学习该课程所获得的知识和技能，对未来的几个学习机械工程领域知识的途径，如继续学习、实践项目和职业培训。
《机械工程专业英语》 PPT课件
这个PPT课件旨在介绍《机械工程专业英语》课程的内容，包括课程目标、学习方法、重点知识点、学习资源、考试评估、学生反馈和总结。
课程介绍
本节将详细介绍《机械工程专业英语》课程的目标、内容和学习方法。帮助学生了解课程的重要性和学习的方法。
重点知识点
机械工程概述
了解机械工程领域的基本概念、原理和应用。
考试评估
1 考试形式
说明考试的形式，如闭卷考试、开卷考试或者实践考核。
2 考试内容
列举考试涵盖的知识点和要求，帮助学生有针对性地复习。
3 考试时间
确定考试的日期和持续时间，提醒学生合理安排学习时间。
学生反馈
1 课程满意度调查
开展匿名调查，了解学生对课程的满意度和建议，持续改进教学质量。

机械工程专业英语教程 (第5版)课件 (63)[10页]

series, as for the robots shown in Fig. 72.1.
1．kinematic pair 运动副（由两个构件直接接触而组成的可动的连接称为运动副）。
操作机操作机是一个能够提供类似人的手臂和手腕运动的机械装置。操作机通常由杆件（它们的功能类似于人体中的骨头）和关节（也被称为“运动副”）以串联的方式连接而成（如图72.1中的那些机器人）。
usually in several degrees of freedom.
• 操作机用来抓取和（或）移动物体、由一些相互铰接或相对滑动的构件组成的多自由度机器。
• End effector device specifically designed for attachment to the mechanical interface to enable the robot perform its task.
《机械工程专业英语教程》
Mechanical grippers 机械夹持器
7
Hydraulic actuators utilize high-pressure fluid such as oil to transmit forces to the point of application desired. A hydraulic actuator is very similar in appearance to that of pneumatic actuator. Hydraulic actuators are designed to operate at much higher pressure (typically between 7 and 17 MPa). They are

机械工程专业英语 5

1 introduction
• Production devices are generally workholders with/without tool guiding/setting arrangement. These are called jigs and fixtures. A fixture is production tool that locates, holds and supports the workpiece securely so that each part is machined within the specified limits.
• 生产工艺装备一般是指工件夹持装置（包括具有或不具有导向与对刀装置），它们被称为钻模或夹具。夹具是用一种用来对工件进行可靠定位、夹持和支撑的工装，由此零件可以在规定的极限内加工出来。
1 introduction
• It must correctly locate a workpiece in a given orientation with respect to a cutting tool or measuring device, or with respect to another component, as for instance in assembly. Such location must be invariant in the sense that the devices must be clamp and secure the workpiece in that location for the particular processing operation.
• effect 实现, 使生效；substantial 结实的；大量的；重要的； • 降低技术熟练程度：钻模和夹具简化了工件的夹紧和定位。刀具

机械工程专业英语教程 (第5版)课件 (55)[9页]

of those parts. Computerized product design requires such capabilities as computer-aided analysis, computer-aided drafting, design sensitivity analysis, or optimization. The computer-aided analysis capability serves as part of the design process and is also used as a model simulator for the finished product. Analysis may be considered especially appropriate for a product whose initial design has to be modified several times during the manufacturing process. Thus computer-aided analysis can be used as a substitute for
• 模拟装置, 仿真装置：一个进行模拟（仿真）的装置，尤指产生与实际或操作条件接近的测试条件的装置
• Terrain • 1. An area of land, ground • 地区, 地带 • 2. The surface features of an area of land, topography • 地形地势：一个地域的表面特征, 地形
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
Text tour
The major goal of the engineering profession is to design and manufacture marketable products of high quality. Today’s industries are utilizing computers in every phase of the design, management, manufacture, and storage of their products. The process of design and manufacture, beginning with an idea and ending with a final product, is a closed-loop

机械工程专业英语教程 (第5版)课件 (52)[10页]

1．under certain stated conditions 意为“在某些规定的条件下”。全句可译为：
这个定义的内在含义是在某些规定的条件下或环境中，以及在一个规定的时间长度内来实现其功能。
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《机械工程专业英语教ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้》
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That is, reliability may also be viewed as meeting requirements, the first time and every time. Products may have quality yet not have reliability. Products with reliability will have quality as an
statistical
Of, relating to, or employing statistics or the principles of statistics. 统计的：统计的、与之有关的、运用统计学或统计原理的
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
Bathtub curve 浴盆曲线 (故障率曲线) 在产品整个使用寿命期间，典型的失效率变化曲线，形似浴盆
1. An assurance by the seller of property that the goods or property
are as represented or will be as promised. 保证：货物卖主所作的货物同样品无差别或与许诺相同的保证。
2. A guarantee given to the purchaser by a company stating that a
Consistency, via such techniques as statistical process control (SPC), is the key to creating products that can be tested and demonstrated as being reliable.[5] 5．statistical process control 意为“统计过程控制”。全句可译为：通过诸如统计过程控制这类技术所获得的一致性是制造产品的关键，产品的可靠性可以通过试验来证实。

机械工程专业英语教程 (第5版)课件 (65)[10页]

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《机械工程专业英语教程》
When viewed in this perspective, engineering research must focus primarily on removing the barriers to rapid commercialization of known technologies. Much of this effort must address quality and reliability concerns, which are foremost in the minds of today’s consumers.
2
Transmission
An automotive assembly of gears and associated parts by which
power is transmitted from the engine to a driving axle, also called
gearbox 变速器：汽车上由齿轮和其它相关部件构成的一个装配体，能量通过它从发动机传到主动轴, 也作gearbox
idea is hard.
对于资金和人力都处于全球性环境中的工程界而言，缩短产品研制开发周期也是有益的。能够设计和制造各种产品的人可以在世界各地找到。但是，具有创新思想的人则比较难找。
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Today, nearly every market is a niche market, because customers are selective. If you ignore the potential for tailoring your product to specific customers’ needs, you will lose the major part of your market share perhaps all of it. Since these niche markets are transient, your company needs

机械工程专业英语教程 (第5版)课件 (51)[10页]

applicant for coverage or a policy • 保险业务受理人：保险代理人，他评估为保险总额或保
险单登记申请人承担的风险
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Air conditioner 空调器
Industria robot 工业机器人
Aircraft engine
另一方面，如果公众以较低的价格购买了产品，随后表示他们对使用不方便或故障修理费用的不满，是否会长期地给这家公司的其它产品带来设计质量不好和工艺质量低劣的声誉呢？
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7Hale Waihona Puke 《机械工程专业英语教程》For, if the equipment is expensive, the buyer is likely to have a staff of engineers or outside consultants who are able to assess the cost trade-offs and determine their impact on the buyer’s operations. With the robot, for example, a trade-off must be made between purchase price and production lost through
willingness to offer a longer warranty than the competition?
对空调器的可靠性要求，在很大程度上取决于消费者的心理因素。购买者在多大程度上愿意付较高的价钱以节省其后的修理或更新费用？产品价格是显而易见的，但是如何使公众对可靠性加深印象呢？具体的做法有：可以提供关于空调器特点的信息和广告，或者愿意提供比竞争对手更长的保修期。

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The following suggestions are presented as a guide to technical writing and an aid in avoiding some of the most common mistakes.
1. picture这里指“构想，构思，想象”，seldom the case意为“很罕见，并不多见”。这三句可译为：拿出你的想法和成果与别人进行交流是工程中非常重要的方面。许多工科学生想象当他们将来从事专业技术工作时，也会花费大量的时间进行类似于他们当学生时所作的计算工作。幸运的是，这种现象并不多见。
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
3
When your design is done, it is usually necessary to present
the results to your client, peers, or employer. The usual form
of presentation is a formal technical report. Thus, it is very
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《机械工程专业英语教程》
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• An Abstract must be a complete, concise distillation of the full report, and, as such, should always be written last. It should include a brief (one sentence) introduction to the subject, a statement of the problem, highlights of the results (quantitative, if possible), and major conclusions. It must stand alone without citing figures or tables. A concise, clear approach is essential,
Appendix A collection of supplementary material, usually at the end of a book • 附录：通常位于书末尾处的补充
2
Text tour
Communication of your ideas and results is a very important aspect of engineering. Many engineering students picture themselves in professional practice spending most of their time doing calculations of a nature similar to those they have done as students. Fortunately, this is seldom the case.[1]
which are opinions not substantiated by fact.[4]
4. contribution这里指“工作成果，技术成果”。这二句可译为：要把事实与观点分开。对于读者来说，重要的是知道你的技术成果是什么，哪些想法是你从别人那里得到的（参考文献表明了这一点），哪些是还没有得到事实证明的观点。
下面提出的建议可以在技术写作方面帮助人们避免一些最常见的错误。
Emphasize important information, beware of the common error of burying it under a mass of details.[3]
3. a mass of 意为“大量的”。这句可译为：对重要信息要进行强调，谨防将其混入到大量的细节之中。
Fact vs. Opinion Separate fact from opinion. It is important for the reader to know what your contributions are, what ideas you obtained from others (the references should indicate that), and
Lesson 78 How to Write a Technical Report
• Terminology
• Text tour
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Terminology
• Substantiate • 1. To support with proof or evidence; verify • 证实，证明 • 2. To give material form to, embody • 使具体化
since most Abstracts are less than 250 words.[5]
• 5. as such意为 “因而，正因为如此”。这几句可译为：摘要应该完整、简明地将整篇报告的精华介绍出来，正因为如此，它总是最后写成的。它应该包括对主题的简要介绍（一个句子），对问题的陈述，着重介绍结果（如果可能的话，要定量）和主要的结论。它必须在不引用图或表的情况下独立存在。由于大多数摘要中的单词少于250个，采用简明、
important for the engineering student to develop his or her communication skills.[2]
2. usual form of presentation意为“常见的表现形式”， communication skill意为“沟通能力，交流能力，表达能力”。这三句可译为：当你的设计完成之后，通常需要将设计结果展示给你的客户、同行或者雇主。常见的表现形式是一篇正式的技术报告。因此，对于工科学生来说，提高其表达能力是非常重要的。