张家口市中考
张家口市2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考政治试题
绝密★启用前张家口市2022—2023学年度高一年级第二学期期中考试思想政治试题一、选择题：本题共24小题，每小题2分，共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1．有比较才有鉴别。
20世纪上半叶，在中国的出路、前途和命运问题上，在三种政治力量所提出的三种方案中，中国共产党的方案在历史和人民的检验中脱颖而出，最终成为唯一正确的选择，这是因为（）①中国共产党的领导阶级——中国工农阶级，具有先进性和革命性②中国共产党的革命成果——完成三大改造，建立了社会主义制度③中国共产党的历史使命——实现民族复兴，反映了人民群众的愿望④中国共产党的指导思想——新思想的指引，让人民看到未来和希望A．①②B．①④C．②③D．③④2．近代中国的两大历史任务是：争取民族独立、人民解放，实现国家富强、人民幸福。
决定近代中国这两大历史任务的是（）①基本国情②民主思想③人民反抗④主要矛盾A．①②B．①④C．②③D．③④3．习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中指出：“中国共产党为什么能，中国特色社会主义为什么好，归根到底是马克思主义行，是中国化时代化的马克思主义行。
”中国化时代化的马克思主义之所以行，是因为（）①“行”在其真，符合客观规律，为人类社会发展提供了通用样本②“行”在其变，不断解放思想、与时俱进，与中国具体国情相结合③“行”在其用，彰显实践伟力，是能够把握历史主动的根本所在④“行”在其诚，模范带头作用，时刻发挥共产党员的政治领导力A．①②B．①④C．②③D．③④4．在党成立100周年的重要历史时刻，中国共产党书写了“百年总结”——《中共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议》。
以史为鉴，开创未来，党重视总结历史经验旨在（）①坚定理想信念，提高执政能力，践行初心使命②把握历史规律，推进理论创新，确立党的地位③争取历史主动，推动自我革命，维护党的权威④加强党的建设，提高领导水平，维护人民利益A．①②B．①④C．②③D．③④5．2023年3月15日，中共中央总书记习近平在北京出席中国共产党与世界政党高层对话会，并发表题为《携手同行现代化之路》的主旨讲话，凸显了中国共产党在世界形势深刻变化的历史进程中始终走在时代前列。
2023年河北省张家口市中考物理优质试卷附解析
2023年河北省张家口市中考物理优质试卷学校：__________ 姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 考号：__________注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、单选题1．手机接收到来电信号时，指示灯发光并发出声音（或振动）；拨打别人的手机，如对方接收不到信号，会听到“您拨打的用户暂时无法接通”的提示。
现用两部手机、硬纸鞋盒和金属点心盒做“探究不同材料对接收电磁波的影响”实验：将一部手机先后放到鞋盒和点心盒内（盖严盒盖），再用另一部手机拨打盒内手机，参见图。
在下列判断盒内手机能否接收到信号的方法中，不可靠的是..............................................................................................（）A．听是否有“暂时无法接通”的提示B．盒内手机设为振动，触摸盒子感觉是否振动C．盒内手机设为响铃，听是否传出声音D．在盒盖上开一个小孔，看盒内手机指示灯是否发光2．支援灾区的志愿者带着一瓶冰镇矿泉水从山脚出发，爬到山腰处拿出来喝时发现水温升高了，下列说法中正确的是（）A．水的内能增加是通过做功实现的B．水的机械能增加了C．水温上升，水分子运动加剧，所以瓶内水面很不平静D．将板蓝根颗粒冲剂放入水瓶内，颗粒很快"化”了，说明板蓝根的熔点较低3．滚摆在下降的过程中越转越快，它在下降过程中:（）A．动能增加，势能增加; B．动能增加，势能减少;C．动能减少，势能减少; D．动能减少，势能增加.4．两个完全相同的滑轮，其重力均为20N，分别用图甲乙两种方式，将重400N的物体以相同的速度匀速提高10米，不计摩擦和绳重则下列判断正确的是：（）A．F1做的功大于F2做的功B．F1和F2做的功相等C．F1做功的功率小于F2做功的功率D．甲的机械效率小于乙的机械效率5．下列说法正确的是（）A．使用简单机械的目的都是为了省力;B．使用滑轮组时，省力的同时又省距离;C．螺丝刀的手柄越粗，拧螺丝时就越省力;D．公路桥引桥是个斜面，引桥越长越费力.6．关于运动和力下列说法正确的是................................................................................... （）A．物体不受力，它一定处于静止状态；B．一辆汽车处于静止状态，它一定没有受到力的作用；C．物体运动状态改变，它一定受到力的作用；D．一辆汽车受到力的作用，它的运动状态一定改变。
2023年河北省张家口市中考物理真题模拟试卷附解析
2023年河北省张家口市中考物理真题模拟试卷学校：__________ 姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 考号：__________注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、单选题1．我国的“嫦娥”号无人驾驶飞船预计将在2010年前后登上月球，相关报道引起了同学们浓厚的兴趣，他们结合所学过的物理知识提出了以下几个猜想，其中存在明显错误．．的是（）A．用天平在月球上测出物体的质量比在地球上测出的同一个物体的质量小B．人站在月球上对月球表面的压强比同一个人站在地球上对地球表面的压强小C．流星撞向月球的过程中不会因为与空气的摩擦而被烧毁D．普通的喷气飞机在月球上空无法象在地球上空那样正常飞行2．跳水运动是奥运会的正式比赛项目，我国运动员在该项目上一直处于国际领先地位。
比赛中，跳水运动员从腾空跳起向上运动后再向下落入水中，若不计空气阻力，在整个空中运动过程中，运动员的（）A．动能先减小后增大，重力势能先增大后减小，机械能不变B．动能先增大后减小，重力势能减小先后增大，机械能不变C．动能先减小后增大，重力势能先增大后减小，机械能增大D．动能先增大后减小，重力势能先减小后增大，机械能减小3．下列说法中，正确的是（）A．推出后的铅球在空中飞行过程中，运动员对铅球做了功B．短跑运动员到达终点后不会马上停下来，是由于运动员具有惯性C．踢出去的足球在地面上越滚越慢，说明物体的运动需要力来维持D．站在领奖台上的运动员，受到的支持力和运动员对领奖台的压力是一对平衡力4．为了支援四川灾后重建，海外华人华侨捐赠的物资将陆续运抵我国。
若一艘满载赈灾物资的货轮从海上进入长江后，轮船所受的浮力................................................................. （）A．不变B．变大C．变小D．无法确定5．竖直向上抛出的物体，能在空中向上运动一段时间才落下来。
2024年河北省张家口市张家口市第二次中考模拟生物试题(含解析)
2024年河北省初中学业水平模拟考试（二）生物学试卷2024.5注意事项：1．本试卷共8页，总分60分，考试时长60分钟。
2．答题前，考生务必将姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡相应位置上。
3．所有答案均在答题卡上作答，在本试卷或草稿纸上作答无效。
答题前，请仔细阅读答题卡上的“注意事项”，按照“注意事项”的规定答题。
4．答选择题时，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；答非选择题时，请在答题卡上对应题目的答题区域内答题。
5．考试结束时，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、单项选择题（本大题共25个小题，每小题1分，共25分）1．右图为显微镜下观察的洋葱鳞片叶表皮细胞，下列叙述正确的是（）A．2为细胞壁，起支持和保护细胞的作用B．5为液泡，3中贮存有遗传物质C．1为细胞膜，可以控制物质进出D．4为细胞质，内含溶解着多种物质的细胞液2．绿色开花植物体有六种器官，分为营养器官和生殖器官两类。
下列属于植物的营养器官的是（）①一朵桃花②一片甘蓝叶③一个苹果④一节甘蔗⑤一颗红薯A．②④⑤B．②③④C．①③④D．②③⑤3．古诗有云“鱼戏莲叶间”。
下列对鱼和莲的说法正确的是（）A．鱼的身体呈流线型，辐射对称B．鱼用鳍运动，用鳃呼吸C．莲属于生产者，莲藕是它的根D．莲属于裸子植物，莲子露在莲蓬外4．小明为探究蒸腾作用的主要器官，取同一植株上大小相同的两个枝条，其中一个去掉全部叶片，另一个不做任何处理，实验装置如图所示。
一段时间后，甲中液面下降比乙明显。
下列相关叙述正确的是（）A．本探究实验控制的变量是叶的有无B．说明植物蒸腾作用的主要器官是枝条C．油层的作用是为枝条提供适宜的温度和湿度D．实验必须放在黑暗处进行5．下列对几种植物形态结构等特征的叙述，正确的是（）A．海带没有叶，不进行光合作用B．银杏种子外面包有肉质的果皮C．地钱和肾蕨依靠孢子进行繁殖D．荠菜有输导组织，是蕨类植物6．下列生物技术中，利用了转基因技术的是（）A．利用醋酸杆菌酿醋B．利用乳酸菌制作泡菜C．利用甲烷菌生产沼气D．利用酵母菌生产乙肝疫苗7．在下列血管中，流动着含氧较少、暗红色血液的是（）A．肺动脉B．主动脉C．入球小动脉D．出球小动脉8．豆芽机（如图）具有保温、保湿、遮光（另配遮光黑罩）等功能。
2024年河北省张家口市名校中考联考英语试题含答案
2024年河北省张家口市名校中考联考英语试题含答案注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、—Do you know Tom?—Sure, we have ______in the same village for many years.A．left B．lived C．come D．gone2、—I’m really______ before the competition. I didn’t sleep well last night.—Don’t worry. I’m sure you are the best.A．patient B．hard-working C．nervous D．humorous3、— Did you go to the cinema last night?— Oh, no. I go to the cinema. I think the tickets are too expensive.A．always B．hardly C．usually D．often4、---Simon, do you know who invented the kite?---Sure! It ____ by Mozi over 2,000 years ago.A．is invented B．invented C．was invented D．will be invented5、________you please help me with my math problem?—OK, after I finish mine, I'll help you.A．Must B．Could C．May D．Might6、--Only You is a TV program is popular with most young people.--Yes, it is definitely true.A．that B．whose C．what D．who7、I _______ /həʊp/ you have a good trip.A．keep B．home C．hope D．help8、— Are those crayons ?— No, aren’t.A．you; theirs B．your; their C．yours: they D．yours: them9、I have some trouble with my English writing. Can you give me some ______ ?A．advice B．decisions C．messages D．suggestion10、Mary prefers weekdays to weekends because she's ____on weekends.A．busy B．much busier C．the busiest D．busiestⅡ. 完形填空11、It was a cold afternoon. Ginny and I were walking home after work when suddenly a young man asked us, "Do you want a hug（拥抱）?”He carried a sign in his hand which read "Free Hugo". I looked 1 and noticed there were other young people with him. They all lifted their handmade signs high. The message was the same on all of them - Free Hugs!"Sure!" Ginny smiled and hugged him with all the 2 she had in her heart,"WOW!" he shouted. "That is the best hug I've had all day!"Then the young man looked at me and asked, 'How about a hug?""You got it!" I walked into his 3 arms. We held a hug briefly（简短地）and parted at once.Ginny and I stepped back and watched the "free huggers" hug those who 4 them. All of the young people offered hugs to them.Not all the people accepted their offers, but the fact was that those who opened their arms in return, walked away with5 on their faces.I felt warmth in my heart. So warm that it seemed as if it were not a cold winter day. At that time, Ginny and I were going through 6 times. We had little money and were heavily in debt(负债). We were stressed and 7 , but that afternoon, for a short moment, we 8 all our problems because of a hug with love.It took a simple hug to make everyone smile and make everything better.1．A．out B．down C．round2．A．strength B．feelings C．love3．A．open B．warm C．strong4．A．accepted B．attracted C．admired5．A．kindness B．shyness C．smiles6．A．busy B．lonely C．difficult7．A．bored B．worried C．surprised8．A．forgot B．solved C．metⅢ. 语法填空12、This is Tammela School, a primary school in Finland. The students are having a math class with their robot teacher.The “teacher” is1．small, blue machine about 25cm high, Reuters reported.Whenever students have problems, it helps them very2．(patient) and never gets bored.“The robot can make students3．(active) in class than usual. I see Eliasas one of the 4．(tool) to get different kinds of practice and activities into the classroom,” a teacher told Reuters.So far the school5．(introduce) four robot teachers, one of whom is a language teacher that can speak 23 languages and dance to music." 6．is necessary to encourage kids to come up7．new ways to make use of technology in school life," the head of the school 8．(add) in the interview.The robot teachers are used9．(help) improve learning. This doesn't mean that human teachers will lose their jobs. The robots can teach well,10．they are not able to keep class in order. The school still needs human teachers.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Millions of British people haveditched the traditional “thank you” and took the place of it with the les s formal “cheers”, according to a survey.Although the common person will say “thank you” nearly 5,000 times a year, one in three are more likely to add a “cheers” or “ta” where it’s needed to show they are fashionable.One in twenty now say “nice one” instead, while the younger are more likely to offer a “cool” than a “thank you”.“Merci”, “fab” and even “gracias” were also listed as common phrases to use, as “much appreciated(感激)”.One in twenty who took part in the survey of 2,000 people by the Food Network UK for Thank You Day, which is marked on November 24, 2011, said a formal “thank you” was now not often needed in everyday conversation. More than one in ten adults said they regularly won’t say thank you if they are in a bad mood. Most people stat ed that saying thank you was something that their parents trained them. A huge 70 percent of those questioned will say thank you to a person’s face without even meaning it, while one fifth avoid(避免)saying it when they know they should.It seems our friends and family get the stress of our bad manners. Half of them admit (承认) they’re not good at thanking those closest to them. Many of them explain that they don’t say thank you because their family “already know I’m grateful”.When spoken words won’t do, it f alls to a nice text to do the job for most people.One third will still send a handwritten thank-you note---but 45 percent admit it’s been more than six months since they tried to send one.A quarter of British people say “thank you” with food, with 23 p ercent cooking a meal to show their appreciation to someone. Another 15 percent bake a cake.It follows that 85 percent of people will be angry because of not getting the gratitude (感激)they feel they should receive.1．（小题1）Most of the people who took par t in the survey say that they say “thank you” _______.A．when they are in good moodB．completely out of habitC．when they feel truly gratefulD．purely out of politeness2．（小题2）The underlined word “ditched” in Paragraph 1 means “________”.A．gave up B．usedC．shared D．knew3．（小题3）It can be learned from the passage that _______.A．different ways of expressing gratitude are all fashionableB．people should avoid saying “thank you” nowadaysC．a thank-you note is still appreciated by most peopleD．people in a bad mood never say “thank you”4．（小题4）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Most people express their gratitude to others by buying food for them.B．About fifty percent of people try not to say thank you when they should.C．Most peop le may feel natural when they fail to receive others’ gratitude.D．Many people think it unnecessary to say thanks to their family members.B14、Helping your child to read and write at home will improve your child’s skills and confidence---it will also better equip(装备) them for learning in the classroom environment. Reading and writing skills are needed by every child in every subject in every year of their school life and outside school. As parents, you can play an important role in improving your children’s literacy（读写能力）by practicing reading, writing, spelling and speaking with them outside school. This kit(工具箱)includes a number of tips on how to help. By listening, asking questions, giving information, and reading with your child outside school hours---you can make a difference. Students who improve their reading and writing will increase their vocabulary and their ability to use English correctly. This kit includes tips on how to help your child to read, write and spell, such as:reading aloud each nightincluding children in everyday conversationslistening to your childreading your child’s writingusing a dictionaryencouraging your child to talk about events that don’t involve the parentstrying not to ask questions that require a “yes” or “no” answerpracticing reading and writing by filling in forms, writing letters, sending cards, or e-mails.The Premier’s Reading Challenge is also a wonderful way to encourage your child to read. You can help your child by encouraging him or her to join the Challenge and discuss the books they are reading.1．This passage is mainly written for_______.A．children B．parents C．students D．teachers2．From this passage we know parents can help their children improve____.A．listening and writing skillsB．reading and listening skillsC．listening and speaking skillsD．reading and writing skills3．_____is NOT mentioned in the tips above.A．Reading aloud each nightB．Joining the English clubC．Reading your child’s writingD．Writing letters and e-mails4．Helping your child ren read and write can’t_____.A．replace their teacherB．make them use English correctlyC．increase their vocabularyD．improve their confidence5．Which is the best title for the passage?A．Helping Your Child Read and WriteB．How to Read and WriteC．Practice Reading and WritingD．How to Teach Y our ChildC15、Scientists in Britain and the United States have made a new kind of enzyme(酵素) that eats plastics(塑料). With its help, plastics can be turned into smaller parts and go away quickly. Scientists believe that, in the future, it could solve the problem of plastic pollution.The enzyme is able to break down PET, a form of plastic. PET was first made in the 1940s and is now widely used to make plastic bottles. It can remain in the environment for many years and pollute large areas of land and water. So it has always been a headache to deal with the waste from PET and other plastics.The researchers made the discovery(发现) while examining the structure of a natural enzyme in Japan. They found that the natural enzyme was helping to break down PET plastics. So, they decided to make small changes to the enzyme by adding some amino acids(氨基酸). It made the natural enzyme’s plastic-eating abilities work faster and better.John McGeehan, one of the lead researchers, said, “We’ve made an improved enzyme. It’s better than the naturl one. And we are trying to make more improvements to it.” He went on, “The enzyme is not harmful to humans or animals,and it is friendly to the environment. So we are considering putting it into wider use.”The team is now trying to make the enzyme break down PET in large quantities(大量的). “We’ll see that the plastic pollution may be stopped with this technology. However,there is still a long way to go,”John McGeehan added. 1．According to the scientists, the enzyme may solve the poblem of pollution.A．air B．water C．light D．plastic2．The underlined phrase “break down” in the passage probably means “ ” in Chinese.A．实验B．生产C．发明D．分解3．Researchers discovered that a natural enzyme helped eat plastics .A．in B．in the US C．in Japan D．in China4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．The scientists are sill trying to improve the enzyme.B．The enzyme will pollute large areas of land and water.C．The natural enzyme woks better than the improved one.D．The natural enzyme is harmful to humans and animals.D16、Water pollution happens when waste things from many areas are thrown into rivers,lakes and seas．AgricultureTo get more food，farmers use large amounts of chemicals(化学制品)．When the chemicals are not completely used by the plants，they are washed away by the rainwater into rivers，lakes and seas，which pollute both surface water and underground water．IndustryFactories and industries oftenreleasepoisonous chemicals into seas，rivers or lakes，which is quite bad for MotherNature．An example of industrial sea pollution happened in Japan in the 1950s．A local factory had poured waste water with mercury(水银)into the Minamata Bay for 20 years．Tuna fish in the bay took in the mercury and people ate the tuna. Many children were born with birth deformities(畸形)．As a result，people lost their，hearing and sight，and thousands of people died in the end．Sea transportationWhen ships transporting oil get damaged on the way，oil spillage(溢出)happens·One major disaster was the Exxon Valdez oil spill．An oil tanker sink off Alaska in 1989 and leaked(泄漏)oil into the ocean．To save cost，some ships also poured unwanted oil from their engine rooms into the sea，thus polluting the oceans·Home activitiesIf the waste from the washing of clothes and dishes are not treated and poured into the sea，they will do harm to the sea life．Some diseases may also spread．Sometimes，rubbish is dumped into the sea．1．Farmers Use large amounts of chemicals to ．A．have more food B．release poisonC．planting D．plant more crops2．From the example in Paragraph 3．we learn that ．A．eating tuna fish is sometimes a great dangerB．water pollution is a serious problem in JapanC．factories and industries should be closed in JapanD．water pollution can do great harm to people’s health4．The underlined word“release”probably means．A．释放B．吸收C．生产D．运用5．What is the best title for the passage?A．Industrial water pollutionB．Agriculture water pollutionC．Reasons for water pollutionD．Ways to solve water pollutionE17、Even nowadays there are a lot of misunderstandings between nationalities. Let’s have a look at what the following people have to say.Maria Conti: I find the English people insincere (虚伪), cold and unfriendly. They keep saying “Thank you”, “I’m sorry”, even when they don’t know each other. They are even polite to their own relatives! Exceptfor helping you find your way in the streets, they aren’t really friendly and never invite you to their houses. Giannis Sinios: On the contrary I found them both broad-minded and friendly. I was invited to people’s houses and they all showed great interest in my ideas, Greek life and people. In England I learned that it was possible to be warm, friendly and polite at the same time.Judy Brown: I lived in both Italy and Greece for a few years. At first there were a few misunderstandings between my foreign friends and myself. For example, I once gave a Greek friend a present for her birthday. I was rather sorry that s he didn’t unwrap it immediately. What’s more, she even didn’t thank me until I asked her if she liked it! I’ve learned from different experiences that a lot of foreigners find our attitude to what we English people call politeness is rather insincere. They feel that politeness isn’t necessary between friends. 1．According to Maria Conti, it is _________.A．insincere to keep saying “thank you” and “I’m sorry” to strangersB．necessary for relatives to be polite to each otherC．unfriendly for the English people to help your way in the streetsD．not polite for the English people to invite her to their houses2．Giannis Sinios is from________.A．England B．Greece C．Italy D．America3．According to Judy Brown’s experience, ___________ .A．what the English people call politeness is rather insincereB．the English people are less polite than the people in other countriesC．ideas of what are good manners are the same in different countriesD．ideas of what is politeness are not always the same in different countrie sF18、To me, the idea of home changes along with my age all the time.In my childhood, home was a number of calls. It seems that I had more free time than today’s children. I didn’t have to appear in front of my parents right after school. Instead, I often went to play with my classmates who lived in my neighborhood. We played until dinner was ready and our parents called “Come back! Come home for supper.”Very soon, my childhood was gone. When I grew into a young man from a boy. Home became a place I tried to run away from.As I read more and more, my world opened up, larger than before. The bed I used to sleep in became too small. And words of care from my parents became meaningless. How I wished I could have a space of my own someday! Later I joined the army and put on my own green uniform. Home was the series of letters I received one after another.When I got a job, I began to get ‘hurt’, to rise and fall in the sea of people, and to understand that you can’t share all your pains with other people, even with your best friends. So again, another wave of homesickness came over me. When I was badly hurt, I imagined myself flying home on wings. Pushing open the door, I let tears flow down my face. At that moment I felt that as large as the world was, what I needed was only the familiar smell of home and the unchanged view outside the window of my old house1．What did the writer think of his childhood?A．sad B．boring C．happy D．awful2．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A．The writer misses his life in his childhood.B．The writer lived an unhappy life when he studied at school.C．The writer didn’t miss parents during his service days in the army.D．The writer could not share his sadness with other people when he got a job.3．What might be talked about if the writer continues writing the passage?A．His job B．Being a parent C．His dream D．His friends4．What would he do when he was badly hurt?A．Miss his home B．Feel hungry C．Fight against others D．Go back to his home5．What is the writer’s idea of home?A．It is all the same. B．It makes him sad all the time.C．It is not important. D．It is always changing with the time passing byⅤ.书面表达19、践行文明礼仪从我做起，下周五要举办＂文明礼仪伴我成长＂为主题的英文征文比赛，请根据下面要点写一篇英文短文参赛。
2024年河北省张家口市部分学校中考语文一模试卷
2024年河北省张家口市部分学校中考语文一模试卷第一部分（14分）1．（8分）阅读下面文字，回答后面的问题。
电视剧《人世间》开播成功，这部厚重的百姓生活史就像是中国社会经历时代巨变后的一次回望，以百姓视野，讲述中国社会翻天覆地的变化，以及中国式家庭五十年的变迁浮沉。
难得的是，《人世间》并不是单纯的时代风情画，在呈现历史社会文本的同时，剧情传递出特定时期的社会价值和思想观念。
通过展示父辈的故事，让现实中已经衰老．．，他表示：．．沉默的他们“开口说话”，是导演李路拍《人世间》的初衷“周家人生活的‘光字片’，包含‘仁义礼智信’五条巷子，它们构成了一种象征，代表（shùnxī）万变甚至喧嚣（fúzào）的时代中，一种坚固的、不可磨灭的价值。
”（1）根据文段中拼音写出相应的词语。
①（shùnxī）②（fúzào）（2）给文段中加着重号的词语注音。
①衰老②初衷（3）文段中的“巷”字，使用《现代汉语词典》（第7版）中的音序检字法检索，应先查字母“”，再查音节“”。
（4）下面成语里的“巷”与文段中“五条巷子”意思一致的是A.箪瓢陋巷．B.万人空巷．2．（6分）阅读下面文字，回答后面的问题。
河北保定的古莲花池是与苏州拙政园、北京颐和园、北京圆明园等齐名的十大历史名园之一。
莲池的出名，不仅是它有着浓郁的从古到今_______（A延续/B流传）下来的文化氛围，更主要的是由于它有着“摇红涤翠、虫儿带霞衣”的婀娜风姿。
一踏进莲池的大门，满目的碑林仿佛在向你默默述说着岁月的沧桑和时代的_______（A变迁/B变化）。
莲池的碑林散落于园内亭台楼阁的四周，与“接天莲叶无穷碧，映日荷花别样红”的莲花池相互辉映。
古莲花池共收藏碑石140余方。
（1）从文段的括号内选择符合语境的词语，分别填入横线处（填序号）。
（2）文段中画横线句子是病句，把正确的句子写在下面。
第二部分（56分）一、古诗文阅读3．（6分）阅读下面文字，在横线上填写相应的句子。
2024年河北张家口中考语文试题及答案
2024年河北张家口中考语文试题及答案第一部分（1～2题14分）今年是中共中央“进京赶考”75周年，学校开展“红色‘冀’忆”主题活动。
1. 阅读下面文字，回答后面的问题。
太行巍巍，滹沱滔滔。
河北省平山县中部，滹沱河北岸一处松柏苍郁的坡岭上，甲（落成/坐落）着革命圣地西柏坡。
西柏坡是一个永载史册的名字，它被称为解放全中国的“最后一个农村指挥所”。
在这里，中共中央指挥了三大战役，召开了党的七届二中全会，擘画了新中国的宏伟蓝图。
1949年3月23日，中共中央从西柏坡动身前往北平，毛泽东同志称之为“进京赶考”。
23日11时，“赶考”的人们乘汽车从西柏坡出发，17时到达唐县淑闾村；24日4时出发，11时许到达保定，傍晚到达涿县并留宿；25日改乘平汉线火车，（líng c hén）出发，6时到达北平清华园站。
这一路风尘仆仆，向着新中国走去。
75年过去了，重温“进京赶考”这段历史，老一辈无产阶级革命家的伟大精神不断乙（激励/激荡）着我们，（bǐng chí）理想信念，砥砺奋斗前行。
（1）根据文段中的拼音写出相应的词语。
①（líng chén）______ ②（bǐng chí）______（2）文段中加点字的读音，正确的一项是（）A. 松柏苍郁（yú）风尘仆仆（pú）B. 松柏苍郁（yù）风尘仆仆（pú）C. 松柏苍郁（yú）风尘仆仆（pū）D. 松柏苍郁（yù）风尘仆仆（pū）（3）从文段的括号内选择符合语境的词语，分别填入横线处。
甲______ 乙______（4）有同学读到“擘画了新中国的宏伟蓝图”时，思考“擘画”的意思。
依据“擘”的字形，他想到“擘”的意思可能与部首“手”有关。
结合语境推测，“擘画”的意思应该是______（①筹划②一幅画③管理）。
（请从括号内选择，只填序号）（5）有同学手绘了“进京赶考”路线示意图（下图），请根据文段内容在序号处补充出对应的地名。
河北张家口中考微机考试试题
河北张家口中考微机考试试题1、1介绍工艺流程一般按照工序的先后顺序逐一介绍，突出每个步骤的操作要领。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)2、1小说情节一般由开端、发展、高潮、结局四个部分组成。
[判断题] *对错(正确答案)3、1电话交谈中，一般由打电话的一方先提出结束谈话，致告别语。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错4、1想托人办事，可以说“请您帮忙”，也可以说“拜托您了”。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错5、下列各句中加点词的解释，有误的一项是（）[单选题] *A.召有司案图，指从此以往十五都予赵。
案：通“按”，用手压住。
(正确答案)B.秦时与臣游，项伯杀人，臣活之。
游：交往。
C.他日趋庭，叨陪鲤对。
趋：小步快走。
D.触柱，折辕，劾大不敬。
劾：弹劾，判罪。
6、1《致橡树》的作者是舒婷，中国当代朦胧诗派的代表诗人之一。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错7、下列词语中，加着重号字的注音正确的一项是（）[单选题] *A、休憩（qì）眉黛(dài)(正确答案)B、点缀(zhuì) 遒劲(jìn)C、皱褶(zhě) 砂砾(lè)D、訇然(hōng) 晕车(yūn)8、1林黛玉是曹雪芹的长篇小说《红楼梦》中的主要人物。
[判断题] *对(正确答案)错9、53. 下列各组词语中加双引号字的注音，完全正确的一项是（）[单选题] *A．“翩”然（piān）“龟”裂（ɡuī）销声“匿”迹（nì）B．怅“惘”（wǎnɡ）“缄”默（jiǎn）海枯石“烂”（làn）C．砂“砾”（lì）“褶”皱（zhě）风雪“载”途（zǎi）D．“羁”绊（jī）归“省”（xǐnɡ）“戛”然而止（jiá）(正确答案)10、下列词语中，加着重号字的注音正确的一项是（）[单选题] *A、狭隘（ài）言简意赅（hài）B、笑靥（yǎn）心宽体胖（pán）C、脸颊（jiá）诲人不倦（huǐ）D、酝酿（niàng）一蹴而就（cù）(正确答案)11、《雨中登泰山》的点睛之笔是（）[单选题] *山没有水，如同人没有眼睛一路行来，虽有雨趣而无淋漓之苦，自然也就格外兴趣盎然(正确答案)我们敢于在雨中登泰山，看到有声有势的飞泉流瀑过而不登，像是欠下悠久的文化传统一笔债似的12、“秩序”的读音是“chìxù”。
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一．2005年非课改区理综试卷分析
1．难易度及得分情况分析
2．试题特点：
（１）注重基础、突出重点、试卷结构稳中有变 （２）淡化记忆内容的考查、注重联系生活实际 （３）加强了对实验探究能力、过程、方法的考查
18 ．在水平街道上匀速行驶的洒水车， 一边行驶一遍向道路上洒水．下列 关于其机械能变化的说法中正确的 是 A．动能不变 B．动能减小，机械能减小 C．动能不变 D．动能减小，机械能增大
生活情景题
• （ 2005 ． 广 西 ） 24 ． 南 宁市人民政府在实施 “136”工程中，对旧街小 巷进行了改造。为了方 便盲人的行走，在不少 街道的人行道上铺设有 凹凸刻纹的盲道，如图 所示。请你运用所学的 物理知识分析，为什么 盲人不用盲杖也能在盲 道上像正常人一样行走?
• （ 2005 黑龙江）在装 修房屋时，工人师傅 常将一根灌有水(水中 无气泡)且足够长的透 明塑料软管的两端靠 在墙面不同的地方， 并做出标记。这样做 的目的是保证两点 在 ， 用 到 的 物 理 知 识 是 。
• （ 2005 ．广西） 10 。用电 器 R1 和 R2 上都标有“ 6V” 的 字样，已知它们的电流随 电压变化的图像如图所示。 利用该图像可求出用电器 R1 的额定功率是 W。 若把R1和R2串联在电源电压 为 6V 的电路中工作，则用 电器 R2 的实际功率是 W。
• （ 2005 北京海淀）在探究近视眼视力矫正问 题时用图6的装置模拟眼晴，烧瓶中的着色液 体相当于玻璃体，烧瓶左侧紧靠瓶壁的凸透 镜相当于晶状体，右侧内壁相当于视网膜。 图7中的四幅图是一些同学描绘近视眼矫正的 方法和光路，其中能达到近视眼矫正目的的 是( )
• （2005 安徽芜湖市）QQ是一款流行的互联网即时通讯（聊天）工具，深受网 友们的喜爱，从“ QQ2004Iibetal” 版本开始， QQ 推出了“在线时长”新功 能——用户通过累积在线时长可以获得更高等级和享受更多的服务。 • （1）用户登录QQ后，将鼠标移至QQ主面板自己的头像上，即可查看自己的已 在线时长和距下次升级所需要的时间。如图是某网友某次刚登录 QQ时，其QQ 界面的电脑屏幕抓图（部分）若他使用的电脑平均功率是 200W，则他升到下 一等级大约还要消耗多少电能? • （2）据QQ官方宣布的数字，QQ注册用户现在已达 2.4亿，按每个 QQ用户平均 每100小时升一级计算，则所有 QQ注册用户每升一级共约消耗多少电能 ?（假 定每个QQ用户使用一台电脑，每台电脑平均功率仍以200W计） • （3）自QQ中加入等级规则后，为更快升级而在线挂QQ的人数直线飙升——均 同时在线达 1000 万左右。许多网友不论自己身在何处、是否使用电脑，也整 日开机让 QQ在线，以取得更多的在线时长，很多上班族也坦言自己下班从不 关电脑。请根据以上计算结果，从能源和社会发展的角度，谈谈你对此现象 的看法。
（策略开放题） （河北2005课改实验区）36． 有一小 正方体形状的实心金属块（只含一 种金属）．看上去好象是铝制的。 它真的是铝制的吗？请你用学过的 物理知识设计一个实验，鉴别它是 什么物质（实验室备有足够的器 材）。
• （结论开放题）一辆汽车在平直的高速 公路上由静止开始加速，最后做匀速直 线运动。请你参照下面的示例，根据整 个过程中的现象，说出用到的三个相应 的物理知识。 示例：汽车匀速运动时，牵引力等于阻力。 （ 1） （ 2） （ 3）
二．2006年考试形势分析
1．总体形势
2. 试题难易度预测
主要题型
1。开放题 2。探究题 3。开放型探究题 4。阅读信息题 5。图象题 6。生活场景题 7。社会热点题 8。综合计算题
（条件开放题）边长为 20cm 的 立方体，水平浸人足够多的水中， 如果上表面与水面间的距离为 5cm，物体所受的浮力为多少?
请阅读下列文章，并回答有关的问题： 流体的阻力 气体和液体都具有流动性，统称为流体。物体在流体中运动时， 要受到流体的阻力，阻力的方向与物体相对流体运动的方向相反。 汽车、火车、飞机等交通工具在空气中运动，要受到空气的阻力。 快速骑自行车，我们就会感到空气的阻力。轮船、潜艇在水面或 水下航行，要受到水的阻力。鱼在水中游动，人在水中游泳，都 要受到水的阻力。那么，流体的阻力大小与哪些因素有关 ?我们 可以发现如下的一些日常现象 :雨滴在空气中下落，速度越来越 大，所受空气阻力也越来越大。当阻力增加到与雨滴所受重力相 等时，二力平衡，雨滴开始匀速下落。跳伞运动员在空中张开降 落伞，凭借着降落伞较大的横截面积取得较大的空气阻力，得以 比较缓慢地降落。 阅读上文后，请你回答： (1)通过刚才的阅读，你可以归纳出流体的阻力与哪些因素有关? (2)为了减小阻力，火箭、飞机、赛车、小轿车、以及轮船的水下 部分，外形有什么特点?
• 开放型探究题 • （ 2005 大连）铅笔芯的主要成分是石墨。 软硬程度不同的铅笔其用途是不同的， 例如作画用 6B 软铅笔，写字用软硬适中 的HB铅笔，制图用6H硬铅笔。铅笔芯是 导体，那么铅笔芯的电阻大小与其软硬 度有什么关系呢?请你设计一个实验方案 对这个问题进行探究。 （1）写出主要实验步骤及所要测量的物理 量(用字母表示)。 （2）分析测得的物理量，说明铅笔芯电阻 大小与铅笔芯软硬度的对应关系
（过程开放题）小华有纯水和浓食盐 水做研究鸡蛋的悬浮实验后，突然想 到：能否从力学、热学、电学三种不 同的角度，辨别出纯水和食盐水？请 你帮助小华完成下表。
主要器材 力学知识 热学知识 电学知识 判断依据
探究题
• 某同学发现家里用皮碗 挂东西，皮碗所能挂的 物体重力大小与什么因 素有关呢? （ 1 ）请你提出一种猜想： ； 你猜想的依据是： ； （ 2 ）请你自选器材，提 出一个验证你的猜想的 探究实验方案。
图像题
（ 2005 江苏南京市）有两个阻值不 同的定值电阻R1、R2，它们的电流 随电压变化的 I 一 U 图线如图所示。 如果 R1 、 R2 串联后的总电阻为 R 串 ， 并联后的总电阻为 R 并，则关于 R串、 R 并 的 I 一 U 图线所在的区域，下列 说法中正确的是( ) A．R串在Ⅱ区域，R并在Ⅲ区域 B．R串在Ⅲ区域，R并在Ⅰ区域 C．R串在Ⅰ区域，R并在Ⅱ区域 D．R串在Ⅰ区域，R并在Ⅲ区域
27 ．现有两个灯泡 L1 、 L2 ，分别标有 “ 10V 10W” 和 “ 9V 5.4W” 的 字 样．当将它们串联使用时，电路两 端允许加的最大电压是______V；当 将他们并联使用时，干路允许通过 的最大电流是______A，电路消耗的 最大功率是_履带式推土机．它的 功率为120kW，质量为1.7×104kg，每条履带与地 面的接触面积为1.25m2． 求：（1）推土机对水平地面的压强； （2）当推土机进行推土作业时，在平直的场 地上以5.4km/h的速度匀速前进了15m，求推土机 受到的阻力及推土机所做的功．（取g＝10N/kg）