尼克松第二次就职演说
“只有曾身处最深的山谷,你才会知道登临群峰之巅是何等壮美”——尼克松对内阁成员和工作人员的告别演讲
“只有曾身处最深的山谷，你才会知道登临群峰之巅是何等壮美”——尼克松对白宫职员的告别演讲张少军译、校1974年8月8日，美国历史上一个悲剧性的时刻。
为了避免国会因“水门事件”对他的弹勀，尼克松总统向全国发表电视演讲，宣布他将在第二天中午在白宫辞去总统职务。
他成了美国历史上第一个被迫辞职的总统。
第二天的中午，在乘飞机离开之前，尼克松向白宫的工作人员发表告别演说。
这是一篇即兴演说，在整个演讲过程中，尼克松的情绪非常激动，这样的离开当然是很不体面的事情，但是他用这篇演讲为自己做最后的辩解。
他要堂堂正正地离开白宫。
时任国务卿的亨利·基辛格博士在《尼克松告别白宫前夕》一书中这样描绘当时的情形：“1974年8月9日（星期五）早晨，尼克松政府内阁成员和白宫办公厅人员最后一次聚集在白宫东翼。
我们中的许多人都可能记得两次就职庆祝场面的辉煌和宣誓就职的崇高期望。
上午9：30，侍从报告尼克松总统和夫人到，伴随的是一阵《向总统致敬》的乐声。
那令人辛酸的一刻简直叫人受不了。
“接着，尼克松发表了讲话。
那讲话杂乱无章的程度一如前夜向国人发表的辞职演说井井有条的程度；那情绪激动的程度一如前夜讲话不动声色的程度。
这篇讲话着实有点过了，就好像这些年他一直隐忍着，到了这一刻，他不得不将梦魇一吐为快。
他甚至第一次在公众场合戴眼镜，象征性地背弃了一向的虚荣和形象塑造。
“他的讲话耸人听闻令人伤心，但又无从避免。
尼克松离任时无法表现得像一贯在众人面前表现的那样无动于衷。
当时我自己也潸然泪下，为自己再次忍受这种折磨而愤怒；纵使尼克松最后一次亮相时同周围的人谈笑自如，我也会这样的。
当他赞扬自己的母亲时，我不合情理地心想他为什么漏讲到他的妻子帕特，尼克松未能使其信服的帕特此时一定比谁都悲哀。
“当讲台上的痛楚将我们团团包围时，连上述情绪都没了，在失败和耻辱中，尼克松终于战胜了自己。
同时，他把我们的拘谨也统统剥掉，在生命的情感面前，我们都是赤裸裸的。
就职演说 【美国】尼克松(1913～1994)
当我们估量能够做什么时，我们只应许诺能做到的事。但在制订目标时，
却要有远大的理想。
如果你的邻舍没有自由，你就不会得到完全的自由。只有共同前进才能
前进。
这就是说黑人和白人共有一个国家，不是分为两个。法律是按照我们的
洲以及美洲的儿童，他们大多数都是在中华人民共和国成立以后出生的。
我们将给我们的孩子们留下什么遗产呢？他们的命运是要为那些使旧世
界蒙受苦难的仇恨而死亡呢，还是由于我们有缔造一个新世界的远见而活下
去呢？
我们没有理由要成为敌人。我们哪一方都不企图取得对方的领土；我们
哪一方都不企图统治对方。我们哪一方都不企图伸出手去统治世界。
毛主席写过： “多少事，从来急；天地转，光阴迫。一万年太久，只争
朝夕。”
现在就是只争朝夕的时候了，是我们两国人民攀登那种可以缔造一个新
的、更美好的世界的伟大境界的高峰的时候了。
本着这种精神，我请求诸位同我一起举杯，为毛主席，为周总理，为能
够导致全世界所有人民的友谊与和平的中国人民同美国人民之间的友谊，干
的分歧。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些分歧的共同利益。在我们讨
论我们的分歧时，我们哪一方都不会在自己的原则上妥协。但是，虽然我们
不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它
进行会谈。
因此，让我们在今后的五天里一起开始一次长征吧，不是在一起迈步，
而是在不同的道路上向同一个目标前进。这个目标就是建立一个和平和正义
的世界结构，在这个世界结构中，所有的人都可以在一起享有同等的尊严；
每个国家，不论大小，都有权利决定它自己政府的形式，而不受外来的干涉
1969年美国总统尼克松就职演说
First Inaugural Address of Richard Milhous NixonMONDAY, JANUARY 20, 1969Senator Dirksen, Mr. Chief Justice, Mr. Vice President, President Johnson, Vice President Humphrey, my fellow Americans--and my fellow citizens of the world community:I ask you to share with me today the majesty of this moment. In the orderly transfer of power, we celebrate the unity that keeps us free.Each moment in history is a fleeting time, precious and unique. But some stand out as moments of beginning, in which courses are set that shape decades or centuries.This can be such a moment.Forces now are converging that make possible, for the first time, the hope that many of man's deepest aspirations can at last be realized. The spiraling pace of change allows us to contemplate, within our own lifetime, advances that once would have taken centuries.In throwing wide the horizons of space, we have discovered new horizons on earth.For the first time, because the people of the world want peace, and the leaders of the world are afraid of war, the times are on the side of peace.Eight years from now America will celebrate its 200th anniversary as a nation. Within the lifetime of most people now living, mankind will celebrate that great new year which comes only once in a thousand years--the beginning of the third millennium.What kind of nation we will be, what kind of world we will live in, whether we shape the future in the image of our hopes, is ours to determine by our actions and our choices.The greatest honor history can bestow is the title of peacemaker. This honor now beckons America--the chance to help lead the world at last out of the valley of turmoil, and onto that high ground of peace that man has dreamed of since the dawn of civilization.If we succeed, generations to come will say of us now living that we mastered our moment, that we helped make the world safe for mankind.This is our summons to greatness.I believe the American people are ready to answer this call.The second third of this century has been a time of proud achievement. We have made enormous strides in science and industry and agriculture. We have shared our wealth more broadly than ever. We have learned at last to manage a modern economy to assure its continued growth.We have given freedom new reach, and we have begun to make its promise real for black as well as for white.We see the hope of tomorrow in the youth of today. I know America's youth.I believe in them. We can be proud that they are better educated, more committed, more passionately driven by conscience than any generation in our history.No people has ever been so close to the achievement of a just and abundant society, or so possessed of the will to achieve it. Because our strengths are sogreat, we can afford to appraise our weaknesses with candor and to approach them with hope.Standing in this same place a third of a century ago, Franklin Delano Roosevelt addressed a Nation ravaged by depression and gripped in fear. He could say in surveying the Nation's troubles: "They concern, thank God, only material things."Our crisis today is the reverse.We have found ourselves rich in goods, but ragged in spirit; reaching with magnificent precision for the moon, but falling into raucous discord on earth.We are caught in war, wanting peace. We are torn by division, wanting unity. We see around us empty lives, wanting fulfillment. We see tasks that need doing, waiting for hands to do them.To a crisis of the spirit, we need an answer of the spirit.To find that answer, we need only look within ourselves.When we listen to "the better angels of our nature," we find that they celebrate the simple things, the basic things--such as goodness, decency, love, kindness.Greatness comes in simple trappings.The simple things are the ones most needed today if we are to surmount what divides us, and cement what unites us.To lower our voices would be a simple thing.In these difficult years, America has suffered from a fever of words; from inflated rhetoric that promises more than it can deliver; from angry rhetoric that fans discontents into hatreds; from bombastic rhetoric that postures instead of persuading.We cannot learn from one another until we stop shouting at oneanother--until we speak quietly enough so that our words can be heard as well as our voices.For its part, government will listen. We will strive to listen in new ways--to the voices of quiet anguish, the voices that speak without words, the voices of the heart--to the injured voices, the anxious voices, the voices that have despaired of being heard.Those who have been left out, we will try to bring in.Those left behind, we will help to catch up.For all of our people, we will set as our goal the decent order that makes progress possible and our lives secure.As we reach toward our hopes, our task is to build on what has gone before--not turning away from the old, but turning toward the new.In this past third of a century, government has passed more laws, spent more money, initiated more programs, than in all our previous history.In pursuing our goals of full employment, better housing, excellence in education; in rebuilding our cities and improving our rural areas; in protecting our environment and enhancing the quality of life--in all these and more, we will and must press urgently forward.We shall plan now for the day when our wealth can be transferred from the destruction of war abroad to the urgent needs of our people at home.The American dream does not come to those who fall asleep.But we are approaching the limits of what government alone can do.Our greatest need now is to reach beyond government, and to enlist the legions of the concerned and the committed.What has to be done, has to be done by government and people together or it will not be done at all. The lesson of past agony is that without the people we can do nothing; with the people we can do everything.To match the magnitude of our tasks, we need the energies of ourpeople--enlisted not only in grand enterprises, but more importantly in those small, splendid efforts that make headlines in the neighborhood newspaper instead of the national journal.With these, we can build a great cathedral of the spirit--each of us raising it one stone at a time, as he reaches out to his neighbor, helping, caring, doing.I do not offer a life of uninspiring ease. I do not call for a life of grim sacrifice.I ask you to join in a high adventure--one as rich as humanity itself, and as exciting as the times we live in.The essence of freedom is that each of us shares in the shaping of his own destiny.Until he has been part of a cause larger than himself, no man is truly whole.The way to fulfillment is in the use of our talents; we achieve nobility in the spirit that inspires that use.As we measure what can be done, we shall promise only what we know we can produce, but as we chart our goals we shall be lifted by our dreams.No man can be fully free while his neighbor is not. To go forward at all is to go forward together.This means black and white together, as one nation, not two. The laws have caught up with our conscience. What remains is to give life to what is in the law: to ensure at last that as all are born equal in dignity before God, all are born equal in dignity before man.As we learn to go forward together at home, let us also seek to go forward together with all mankind.Let us take as our goal: where peace is unknown, make it welcome; where peace is fragile, make it strong; where peace is temporary, make it permanent.After a period of confrontation, we are entering an era of negotiation.Let all nations know that during this administration our lines of communication will be open.We seek an open world--open to ideas, open to the exchange of goods and people--a world in which no people, great or small, will live in angry isolation.We cannot expect to make everyone our friend, but we can try to make no one our enemy.Those who would be our adversaries, we invite to a peacefulcompetition--not in conquering territory or extending dominion, but in enriching the life of man.As we explore the reaches of space, let us go to the new worldstogether--not as new worlds to be conquered, but as a new adventure to be shared.With those who are willing to join, let us cooperate to reduce the burden of arms, to strengthen the structure of peace, to lift up the poor and the hungry.But to all those who would be tempted by weakness, let us leave no doubt that we will be as strong as we need to be for as long as we need to be.Over the past twenty years, since I first came to this Capital as a freshman Congressman, I have visited most of the nations of the world.I have come to know the leaders of the world, and the great forces, the hatreds, the fears that divide the world.I know that peace does not come through wishing for it--that there is no substitute for days and even years of patient and prolonged diplomacy.I also know the people of the world.I have seen the hunger of a homeless child, the pain of a man wounded in battle, the grief of a mother who has lost her son. I know these have no ideology, no race.I know America. I know the heart of America is good.I speak from my own heart, and the heart of my country, the deep concern we have for those who suffer, and those who sorrow.I have taken an oath today in the presence of God and my countrymen to uphold and defend the Constitution of the United States. To that oath I now addthis sacred commitment: I shall consecrate my office, my energies, and all the wisdom I can summon, to the cause of peace among nations.Let this message be heard by strong and weak alike:The peace we seek to win is not victory over any other people, but the peace that comes "with healing in its wings"; with compassion for those who have suffered; with understanding for those who have opposed us; with the opportunity for all the peoples of this earth to choose their own destiny.Only a few short weeks ago, we shared the glory of man's first sight of the world as God sees it, as a single sphere reflecting light in the darkness.As the Apollo astronauts flew over the moon's gray surface on Christmas Eve, they spoke to us of the beauty of earth--and in that voice so clear across the lunar distance, we heard them invoke God's blessing on its goodness.In that moment, their view from the moon moved poet Archibald MacLeish to write:"To see the earth as it truly is, small and blue and beautiful in that eternal silence where it floats, is to see ourselves as riders on the earth together, brothers on that bright loveliness in the eternal cold--brothers who know now they are truly brothers."In that moment of surpassing technological triumph, men turned their thoughts toward home and humanity--seeing in that far perspective that man's destiny on earth is not divisible; telling us that however far we reach into the cosmos, our destiny lies not in the stars but on Earth itself, in our own hands, in our own hearts.We have endured a long night of the American spirit. But as our eyes catch the dimness of the first rays of dawn, let us not curse the remaining dark. Let us gather the light.Our destiny offers, not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity. So let us seize it, not in fear, but in gladness-- and, "riders on the earth together," let us go forward, firm in our faith, steadfast in our purpose, cautious of the dangers; but sustained by our confidence in the will of God and the promise of man.我们都是地球的乘客-理查德-尼克松第一次就职演讲星期一,1969年1月20日历史的每一个时刻转瞬即逝，它既珍贵又独特。
TheSecondInauguralAddressbyBillClinton（中文翻译）
TheSecondInauguralAddressbyBillClinton（中文翻译）第一篇：The Second Inaugural Address by Bill Clinton(中文翻译)克林顿第二次就职演说同胞们：藉此二十世纪最后一届总统就职演说之际，让我们睁开眼睛迎接下一世纪我们将面临的挑战。
所幸的是，时间和机遇不仅将我们置身于一个新世纪的边缘，一个新的千周年，而且将我们置身于人类事业一个崭新新的、光辉的边缘——一个决定我们未来数十年方向和地位的时刻。
我们必须使我们古老的民主永葆青春。
在“希望之乡”这一古老憧憬的指引下，让我们着眼于新的“希望之乡”。
美国的希望源于十八世纪一种无畏的信念：人生来皆平等。
在十九世纪，我们的国家横跨大陆，拯救了联邦，废除了恐怖的奴隶制的蹂躏。
这一信念得以流传和扩展。
然后，在辛劳和胜利之中，这种希望奔上了世界的舞台，使本世纪成为美国的世纪。
这是怎样的一个世纪啊。
美国成为世界上最强大的工业大国，它把世界从两次世界大战和旷日持久的冷战的暴虐中拯救出来，并且一再向全球上百万像我们一样渴望自由赐福的人们伸出援助之手。
在这一进程中，美国产生了庞大的中产阶级和老年人保险制度，建立了无与伦比的学习中心，并对全民开放公立学校，分裂了原子且探索了太空，发明了计算机和微芯片，通过发起一场非裔美国人和少数民族的民权革命，及扩大妇女的公民权利，就业机会和人身尊严，而深掘了正义之泉。
现在，也是第三次，一个新世纪来到我们面前，这又是一个选择的时候，我们进入十九世纪时有一个选择，使得我们国家从一个海岸扩展到另一个海岸，我们进入二十世纪时又有一个选择，使得工业革命能符合我们的价值观，即自由经营，水土保持，和恪守人类正义，这些选择使得一切迥然不同。
在二十一世纪曙光来临之际，一个自由的民族必须做出选择，去打造信息时代和全球一体化的力量。
去释放全民无尽的潜能，并且，去成就一个更完美的联邦国家。
上次我们在此相聚时，我们向这个新未来的进军似乎没有今天这么明确，我们那时曾宣誓确立新的道路，复兴我们的国家。
美国总统就职典礼上的“尴尬事”_名人故事
美国总统就职典礼上的“尴尬事”尽管美国历史上已经产生了55届总统，但就职仪式并不是总能够按照既定程序进行。
翻开美国历史，回顾过去历任美国总统的就职典礼，人们会发现其中有许多的“经典”片断。
1829年：支持者大闹白宫吓跑总统在安德鲁杰克逊1829年宣誓就职后，他邀请公众参加白宫的欢庆活动。
他的意思是，这座建筑是属于人民的，但民众不必非得在同一时间都进入到白宫里面。
可民众却不这样理解。
于是，大量的参观者一拥而入，撞倒了服务生，把地毯踩得千疮百孔，还有穿着靴子的男子踏在昂贵、装有软垫的家具上。
支持者你推我搡，场面甚是恐怖。
原本已经被一天行程搞得疲惫不堪、又因刚刚丧妻而精神状态不佳的杰克逊不知如何是好，只得从后门落荒而逃。
直到工作人员将大桶大桶的威士忌酒放到白宫院子的草坪上，人群才渐渐从白宫里退了出来。
1841年：就职典礼“冻死”新总统最具有悲剧色彩的就职典礼发生在1841年。
当天的天气状况非常恶劣，但新总统威廉亨利哈里森却坚持拒绝乘坐马车前往国会。
不仅如此，在刚刚抵达典礼现场后，这位68岁高龄、只穿着单薄的西装还没有戴帽子的老人就开始在寒风中发表就职演说。
他的演讲稿由8495个词汇构成，演说总计耗时1小时45分，堪称美国史上最长的就职演说。
不过，哈里森也因此染上了急性肺炎，并于一个月后病逝。
他成为美国史上首位在任内过世的总统，也是在位时间最短的总统。
1865年：总统醉酒搞砸典礼1865年，曾任亚伯拉罕林肯副总统的安德鲁约翰逊喝得醉醺醺的，结果他在接下来的就职演讲中语无伦次，甚至一度胡说八道起来，将就职典礼搞得一塌糊涂，以至于一位议员称之为“美国历史上最不幸的事件”。
1933年：罗斯福找胡佛“搭讪”1837年，当时的新总统马丁范布伦是在他的好友、卸任总统安德鲁杰克逊的陪同下前往国会大厦的。
自那以后，离任及新任总统会乘坐同一辆马车参加就职庆典。
有一些总统尽管遵循了这一传统，但却表现得非常冷漠。
最尴尬的一对就是赫伯特胡佛与弗兰克林罗斯福。
第二次就职演说
第二次就职演说1957年l月21日* *1957年1月20日为星期日，总统就职典礼延至次日举行。
主席先生，副总统先生①，首席大法官先生②，众议院议长先生③，我的亲友们，同胞们及我们国家的朋友们：①指理查德·米尔豪斯·尼克松。
他在1953—1961年间任副总统，1969年出任总统。
②指厄尔·沃伦（1891—1974）。
他在1953—1969年间任联邦最高法院首席大法官。
③指萨姆·雷伯恩（1882—1961）。
他于1911—1961年间多次担任众议院议长。
尽管大家分散在各地，但我们又重新相聚，正如四年前的此刻一样，你们再次亲眼目睹我庄严宣誓为你们诸位服务。
今天，我也是一个见证人，对于我们作为一个民族而保证奉行的原则和目标，我以你们的名义来作证。
首先，我们寻求全能的上帝保佑我们作为一个国家所做的共同努力。
我们心中的希望造就了全体人民最深切的祝福。
但愿我们追求正义而不自命公正。
但愿我们懂得在求同存异的基础上保持团结。
但愿我们的力量不断壮大而杜绝骄傲自满。
但愿我们与世界各国人民交往时永远讲真话和奉守公道。
这样，美国将在一切怀有善良愿望的人们面前证明，它对各项光荣的目标是忠诚不渝的。
在我们所经历的充满考验的整个时代里，我们作为一个民族受到这些目标的制约和支配。
我们生活在一个富饶的国度，但是整个世界却面临从未有过的危机。
①①当时美国在世界上不仅与苏联、中国等国处于对峙状态，同时日益卷入越南战争（参见本书第411页注释①）。
在我们的国家里，人民各安其业，财富十分丰裕。
我国的人口不断增加。
我们的河流、港口、铁路和公路舟车云集，天空飞机穿梭，商业一派兴旺繁盛。
我国土地肥沃，农业出产丰富。
天空里回荡着工业奏出的乐章，这是一曲由轧钢机、冶炼炉、发电机、大水坝和装配线所奏出的富足美国的大合唱。
这就是我们的国家。
但这并不是我们世界的全部景象。
因为我们的世界包括我们的全部命运所涉及的每一角落，已获自由和即将获得自由的国家和人民都在其中。
林肯第二次就职演说译文
林肯第二次就职演说译文篇一：林肯第二次就职演说的全文如下:同胞们,我在今天站在这里,向大家发表这篇演说,是因为我知道,我们的国家需要更多的英雄来领导我们。
我们的国家曾经历了无数的痛苦和磨难,但我们有足够的勇气和智慧来克服这些困难。
我们需要一个领袖,一个能够为我们的国家和人民利益而战斗的领袖。
我们的国家曾经被背叛和破坏,我们失去了我们的自由和尊严。
但现在,我们需要更多的英雄来重建我们的国家,让我们重新找回我们的自由和尊严。
我们需要一个领袖,一个能够领导我们走向自由和民主的领袖。
我们的国家需要更多的英雄来领导我们,因为我们的国家正在面临着各种挑战。
我们的社会和经济正在不断变化,我们需要一个领袖来适应这些变化,并为我们的国家提供新的希望和方向。
我们的国家需要更多的英雄来领导我们,因为我们的国家需要更多的英雄来保护我们的文化和传统。
我们的文化和传统是我们人民的文化遗产,我们需要一个领袖来保护和传承这些文化遗产,并让我们的国家更加多元化和包容。
同胞们,我是一个公民,我有责任为我的祖国服务。
我相信,如果我们团结一心,如果我们共同努力,我们一定能够创造更加美好的未来。
让我们携手前行,为了我们的梦想和我们的祖国。
谢谢大家。
篇二：林肯第二次就职演说的译文如下:尊敬的联邦人民:我林肯,今天站在这里,代表联邦人民发表这篇就职演说,感到非常荣幸。
在过去的一年中,我们经历了许多挑战和困难。
我们的国家面临着分裂和危险,我们的人民面临着无数的痛苦和苦难。
然而,我相信,我们有一个强大的国家和一个伟大的人民,我们能够克服这些挑战,重振我们的国家,让我们的人民过上更加美好的生活。
我们的国家在过去几十年中取得了巨大的进步。
我们的人民通过团结合作,克服了许多困难和挑战。
我们建立了一个强大的国家,一个能够为我们的所有人民提供安全和繁荣的国家。
但是,我们需要继续保持我们的团结和合作,以便我们能够在未来取得更大的成就。
我们需要继续团结一致,为我们的国家和我们的人民创造一个更加美好的世界。
历届美国总统就职演说 中英双语
历届美国总统就职演说中英双语
历届美国总统就职演说优习网> 英语听力> 听力教程> 历届美国总统就职演说
1933年罗斯福、1949年杜鲁门、1953年艾森豪威尔、1961年肯尼迪、1963年约翰逊、1969年尼克松、1974年福特、1977年卡特、1981年里根、1989年乔治·H·W·布什、1993年克林顿、2001年乔治·W·布什、2009年奥巴马就职演说！·2009年美国第44任总统奥巴马就职演说
·2001年美国总统布什就职演说
·1993年美国总统克林顿就职演说
·1989年美国总统老布什就职演说
·1981年美国总统里根就职演说
·1974年美国总统福特就职演说
·1969年美国总统尼克松就职演说
·1961年美国总统肯尼迪就职演说·1965年美国总统约翰逊就职演说·1953年美国总统艾森豪威尔就职演说·1949年美国总统杜鲁门就职演说·1933年美国总统罗斯福就职演说·1974年美国总统福特就职演说。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
尼克松第二次就职演说篇一：8理查德-尼克松第二次就职演讲SecondinauguraladdressofRichardmilhousnixonmr.VicePresident,mr.Speaker,mr.chiefJustice,Senatorcook,mrs.Eisenhowe r,andmyfellowcitizensofthisgreatandgoodcountrywesharetogether: whenwemetherefouryearsago,americawasbleakinspirit,depressedbythepro spectofseeminglyendlesswarabroadandofdestructiveconflictathome.aswe meetheretoday,westandonthethresholdofaneweraofpeaceintheworld.Thece ntralquestionbeforeusis:Howshallweusethatpeace?Letusresolvethatthisera weareabouttoenterwillnotbewhatotherpostwarperiodshavesooftenbeen:ati meofretreatandisolationthatleadstostagnationathomeandinvitesnewdanger abroad.Letusresolvethatthiswillbewhatitcanbecome:atimeofgreatresponsi bilitiesgreatlyborne,inwhichwerenewthespiritandthepromiseofamericaasw eenterourthirdcenturyasanation.Thispastyearsawfar-reachingresultsfromo urnewpoliciesforpeace.Bycontinuingtorevitalizeourtraditionalfriendships, andbyourmissionstoPekingandtomoscow,wewereabletoestablishthebasefo ranewandmoredurablepatternofrelationshipsamongthenationsoftheworld. Becauseofamerica'sboldinitiatives,1972willbelongrememberedasthe yearofthegreatestprogresssincetheendofworldwariitowardalastingpeaceint heworld.Thepeaceweseekintheworldisnottheflimsypeacewhichismerelyaninterludebetweenwars,butapeacewhichcanendureforgenerationstocome.iti simportantthatweunderstandboththenecessityandthelimitationsofamerica 'sroleinmaintainingthatpeace.Unlessweinamericaworktopreservethe peace,therewillbenopeace.Unlessweinamericaworktopreservefreedom,the rewillbenofreedom.Butletusclearlyunderstandthenewnatureofamerica 9;srole,asaresultofthenewpolicieswehaveadoptedoverthesepastfouryears. weshallrespectourtreatycommitments.weshallsupportvigorouslytheprincip lethatnocountryhastherighttoimposeitswillorruleonanotherbyforce.weshall continue,inthiseraofnegotiation,toworkforthelimitationofnucleararms,andt oreducethedangerofconfrontationbetweenthegreatpowers.weshalldooursh areindefendingpeaceandfreedomintheworld.Butweshall expectotherstodotheirshare.Thetimehaspassedwhenamericawillmakeevery othernation'sconflictourown,ormakeeveryothernation'sfutureo urresponsibility,orpresumetotellthepeopleofothernationshowtomanagethei rownaffairs.Justaswerespecttherightofeachnationtodetermineitsownfuture, wealsorecognizetheresponsibilityofeachnationtosecureitsownfuture.Justas america'sroleisindispensableinpreservingtheworld'speace,sois eachnation'sroleindispensableinpreservingitsownpeace.Togetherwit htherestoftheworld,letusresolvetomoveforwardfromthebeginningswehave made.Letuscontinuetobringdownthewallsofhostilitywhichhavedividedthe worldfortoolong,andtobuildintheirplacebridgesofunderstanding—sothatdespiteprofounddifferencesbetweensystemsofgovernment,thepeopleoftheworldcanbefriends.Letusbuildastructureofpeaceintheworldinwhichth eweakareassafeasthestrong—inwhicheachrespectstherightoftheothertolivebyadifferentsystem—inwhichthosewhowouldinfluenceotherswilldosobythestrengthoftheirideas, andnotbytheforceoftheirarms.Letusacceptthathighresponsibilitynotasabur den,butgladly—gladlybecausethechancetobuildsuchapeaceisthenoblestendeavorinwhichan ationcanengage;gladly,also,becauseonlyifweactgreatlyinmeetingourrespo nsibilitiesabroadwillweremainagreatnation,andonlyifweremainagreatnatio nwillweactgreatlyinmeetingourchallengesathome.wehavethechancetodayt odomorethaneverbeforeinourhistorytomakelifebetterinamerica—toensurebettereducation,betterhealth,betterhousing,bettertransportation,ac leanerenvironment—torestorerespectforlaw,tomakeourcommunitiesmorelivable—andtoinsuretheGod-givenrightofeveryamericantofullandequalopportunity. Becausetherangeofourneedsissogreat—becausethereachofouropportunitiesissogreat—letusbeboldinourdeterminationtomeetthoseneedsinnewways.Justasbuildin gastructureofpeaceabroadhasrequiredturningawayfromoldpoliciesthatfaile d,sobuildinganeweraofprogressathomerequiresturningawayfromoldpolicie sthathavefailed.abroad,theshiftfromoldpoliciestonewhasnotbeenaretreatfr omourresponsibilities,butabetterwaytopeace.andathome,theshiftfromoldpoliciestonewwillnotbearetreatfromourresponsibilities,butabetterwaytopro gress.abroadandathome,thekeytothosenewresponsibilitiesliesintheplacing andthedivisionofresponsibility.wehavelivedtoolongwiththeconsequenceso fattemptingtogatherallpowerandresponsibilityinwashington. abroadandathome,thetimehascometoturnawayfromthecondescendingpolic iesofpaternalism—of"washingtonknowsbest."apersoncanbeexpectedtoactresponsiblyonlyifhe hasresponsibility.Thisishumannature.Soletusencourageindividualsathome andnationsabroadtodomoreforthemselves,todecidemoreforthemselves.Let uslocateresponsibilityinmoreplaces.Letusmeasurewhatwewilldoforothersb ywhattheywilldoforthemselves.Thatiswhytodayioffernopromiseofapurely governmentalsolutionforeveryproblem.wehavelivedtoolongwiththatfalsep romise.intrustingtoomuchingovernment,wehaveaskedofitmorethanitcande liver.Thisleadsonlytoinflatedexpectations,toreducedindividualeffort,andto adisappointmentandfrustrationthaterodeconfidencebothinwhatgovernment ernmentmustlearntotakelessfrompeople sothatpeoplecandomoreforthemselves.Letusrememberthatamericawasbuil tnotbygovernment,butbypeople—notbywelfare,butbywork—notbyshirkingresponsibility,butbyseekingresponsibility.inourownlives,lete achofusask—notjustwhatwillgovernmentdoforme,butwhatcanidoformyself?inthechalle ngeswefacetogether,leteachofusask—notjusthowcangovernmenthelp,buthowcanihelp?YournationalGovernment hasagreatandvitalroletoplay.andipledgetoyouthatwherethisGovernmentsh ouldact,wewillactboldlyandwewillleadboldly.Butjustasimportantistherolet hateachandeveryoneofusmustplay,asanindividualandasamemberofhisown community.Fromthisdayforward,leteachofusmakeasolemncommitmentinh isownheart:tobearhisresponsibility,todohispart,tolivehisideals—sothattogether,wecanseethedawnofanewageofprogressforamerica,andtoge ther,aswecelebrateour200thanniversaryasanation,wecandosoproudintheful fillmentofourpromisetoourselvesandtotheworld.asamerica'slongesta ndmostdifficultwarcomestoanend,letusagainlearntodebateourdifferencesw ithcivilityanddecency.andleteachofusreachoutforthatonepreciousqualitygo vernmentcannotprovide—anewlevelofrespectfortherightsandfeelingsofoneanother,anewlevelofrespe ctfortheindividualhumandignitywhichisthecherishedbirthrightofeveryame rican.aboveallelse,thetimehascomeforustorenewourfaithinourselvesandina merica.inrecentyears,thatfaithhasbeenchallenged.ourchildrenhavebeentau ghttobeashamedoftheircountry,ashamedoftheirparents,ashamedofamerica 'srecordathomeandofitsroleintheworld.ateveryturn,wehavebeenbesetbythosewhofindeverythingwrongwithameric aandlittlethatisright.Butiamconfidentthatthiswillnotbethejudgmentofhistor yontheseremarkabletimesinwhichweareprivilegedtolive.america'sre cordinthiscenturyhasbeenunparalleledintheworld'shistoryforitsresponsibility,foritsgenerosity,foritscreativityandforitsprogress.Letusbeproudth atoursystemhasproducedandprovidedmorefreedomandmoreabundance,mo rewidelyshared,thananyothersysteminthehistoryoftheworld.42Letusbepro udthatineachofthefourwarsinwhichwehavebeenengagedinthiscentury,inclu dingtheonewearenowbringingtoanend,wehavefoughtnotforourselfishadva ntage,buttohelpothersresistaggression. Letusbeproudthatbyourbold,newinitiatives,andbyoursteadfastnessforpeace withhonor,wehavemadeabreak-throughtowardcreatingintheworldwhatthe worldhasnotknownbefore—astructureofpeacethatcanlast,notmerelyforourtime,butforgenerationstoco me.weareembarkingheretodayonanerathatpresentschallengesgreatasthosea nynation,oranygeneration,haseverfaced.weshallanswertoGod,tohistory,an dtoourconscienceforthewayinwhichweusetheseyears.asistandinthisplace,s ohallowedbyhistory,ithinkofotherswhohavestoodherebeforeme.ithinkofthe dreamstheyhadforamerica,andithinkofhoweachrecognizedthatheneededhe lpfarbeyondhimselfinordertomakethosedreamscometrue.Today,iaskyourpr ayersthatintheyearsaheadimayhaveGod'shelpinmakingdecisionsthat arerightforamerica,andiprayforyourhelpsothattogetherwemaybeworthyofo urchallenge.Letuspledgetogethertomakethesenextfouryearsthebestfouryea rsinamerica'shistory,sothatonits200thbirthdayamericawillbeasyoung andasvitalaswhenitbegan,andasbrightabeaconofhopeforalltheworld.Letusg oforwardfromhereconfidentinhope,stronginourfaithinoneanother,sustainedbyourfaithinGodwhocreatedus,andstrivingalwaystoserveHispurpose.副总统先生，议长先生，首席大法官先生，库克参议员，艾森豪威尔夫人，共同生活在这个伟大而美好的国度的公民们：四年前，我们在此相聚之时，美国正因为看起来无休无止的国外战争和毁灭性的国内冲突而灰心丧气，整个国家情绪低落，精神不振。