河北省唐山市2018_2019学年高一历史上学期期末考试试题A卷(扫描版)

河北省唐山市2018-2019学年高一历史上学期期末考试试题A卷(扫
描版)
唐山市2018-2019学年度高一年级第一学期期末考试
历史试卷参考答案
一.选择题(共40小题,每小题2分,共40分。


A卷:1-5:DDCCC 6-10:DBCCD 11-15:DCBBC
16-20:BBDAC 21-25:BBBCD 26-30:CCBBB
31-35:CCDAD 36-40:ABBDB
B卷:1-5:BDBCC 6-10:DACCD 11-15:DCDBC
16-20:ABDCC 21-25:CBBCD 26-30:BCBDB
31-35:CADAB 36-40:ABCDB
二.非选择题(本卷两小题,41题10分,42题10分,共20分)
41.(1)内容:郡县官吏由中央任命;郡县官员分工负责;郡县官吏须服从中央统一调动;定期实行分级考核。

(4分)
(2)特点:藩王享受优厚俸禄而无实权;藩王活动受到严格限制。

(2分)
(3)制度:民族区域自治制度(1分)
意义:实现少数民族当家作主的愿望;保证祖国统一;有利于民族团结;促进民族地区经济发展和社会进步。

(任意答三点即可得3分)
42.(1)“极权主义”指社会主义制度;(1分)“自由国家”指资本主义制度。

(1分)
主要措施:推行马歇尔计划;成立北大西洋公约组织;操纵联合国(任意两点给2分,言之成理即可给分)
(2)推行霸权主义外交政策。

(2分)
原因:二战后美国经济军事实力急剧膨胀,科技水平居领先地位,成为世界头号资本主义强国。

苏联在欧洲扩张威胁美国全球战略。

(2分)
(3)成立经济互助委员会。

(2分)。

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河北省唐山市丰南区2018-2019学年七年级上学期期中历史试题(解析版)

河北省唐山市丰南区2018-2019学年七年级上学期期中历史试题(解析版)

丰南区2018—2019学年第一学期期中质量检测七年级历史试卷卷Ⅰ 选择题(共40分)本大题共20小题,每题2分,每小题给出的四个选项中只有一项符合题目要求,请将其字母填入卷Ⅱ前答题表的相应位置。

1. 根据下列信息判断出的远古人类是A. 元谋人B. 北京人C. 半坡人D. 河姆渡人【答案】B【解析】【详解】依据信息提示,结合课本所学,北京人遗址位于北京西南周口店龙骨山上。

1929年,中国的青年学者裴文中发现了第一个北京猿人头盖骨,后来又相继发掘出土4个北京猿人头盖骨等。

这些古人类化石和石器的发现,为复原北京人的特征和生活状况提供了重要证据,经测定,北京人生活在距今约70——20万年。

B正确;元谋人生活在距今约170万年。

A排除;半坡人生活距今约6000年,C排除;河姆渡人生活在距今约7000年左右,D排除;故选B。

2. “人们一说起中国发现的远古人类化石,没有不首先提到北京人的”。

下列关于北京人的叙述,错误的是A. 他们是我国境内目前已确认的最早的古人类B. 他们结成群体生活在一起,共同进行获取食物的劳动C. 他们已经学会使用火和保存火种D. 他们能够制作不同类型的工具,并且使用工具猎取食物【答案】A【解析】【详解】结合所学知识可知,我国境内目前已确认的最早的古人类约170万年云南元谋县元谋人,而不是北京人。

可知关于北京人的叙述,错误的是选项A,符合题意;距今约70-20万年生活在北京周口店龙骨山的北京人,结成群体生活在一起,共同进行获取食物的劳动,学会使用和长期保存火种(天然火)使用打制石器。

选项BCD关于北京人的叙述是正确的,但是不符合题意。

故选A。

3. 长江和黄河孕育了源远流长的中华文明。

最早生活在我国长江流域的古代人类活动遗址代表是A. 北京人遗址B. 半坡遗址C. 河姆渡遗址D. 大汶口遗址【答案】C【解析】【详解】结合所学知识可知,河姆渡人是生活在长江流域的原始居民,他们会种植水稻,是原始农耕的典型代表,他们居住在干栏式的房屋中,C项符合题意;北京人是居住在山洞中的原始人类,A项不符合题意;半坡人是生活在黄河流域的原始人,B项不符合题意;大汶口遗址,位于山东省泰安市岱岳区大汶口镇和宁阳县磁窑镇,属于黄河流域,D项不符合题意。

2018-2019学年度河北省任丘一中第一学期高一年级期末考试试卷与答案

2018-2019学年度河北省任丘一中第一学期高一年级期末考试试卷与答案

{正文}2018-2019学年度河北省任丘一中第一学期高一年级期末考试英语试题一、单选(20分)1.All my money _____ no more than ten yuan,so I can’t buy the dictionary.A.adds up B.is added to C.adds up toD.adds to2.Don’t worry.I’ll have the letter _____ and have somebody ____ it t o you this afternoon.A.typed,send B.to type,sendC.typed,sent D.type,sending3.We find ____ difficult to talk to him about anything serious.A.him B.he C.ourselves D.it4.He has bought a new umbrella _____ get wet again if he is caught in the rain.A.in order not to B.so as to notC.so that not D.in order not that5.Lily said that it was because of her strong interest in medicine _____ she chose the course.A.how B.what C.thatD.why6.Adam was unable to ______ the school trip because of his recent accident.A.join in B.fall in C.get along with D.go through7.---Are you going to the concert to held in the hall?---I’m afraid not. The ticket is _________ expensive for me.A.too much B.far too C.much too far D.too much far 8.David hasn’t turned up on time as planned. What do you think ______ to him?A.will happen B.to happenC.has happened D.that has happened9.The students listened carefully and ______ what their teacher said.A.set down B.turned down C.got downD.calmed down10.When I met him last weekend, it was the first time we ______ each other since we were at school.A.saw B.have seen C.were seeing D.had seen11.--- Mary’s got crazy and has been sent to the mental hospital.Did you tell her boss about that?--- Yes,but I _____ her husband first.A.should have told B.shouldn’t have toldC.must have told D.needn’t have told12.There was ______ time _____ Chinese used foreign oil.A.a;when B.a;while C./;whenD./;while13.It was because of bad weather __________ the football match had to be put off.A.so B.so that C.whyD.that14.---Look! The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it ________ purpose.---That may be right. But perhaps it was broken _________ accident.A.on;by B.by;by C.on;onD.by;on15.What great trouble we had ___________ where his house was.A.in finding B.to find C.findD.found16.Some students have trouble _____ grammar while others have difficulty______ new words.A.in;remember B.for;to rememberC.on;remembering D.with;remembering17. catch the first bus, he got up very early this morning.A.In order to B.In order that C.So as to D.So that18.There are altogether 6 people in the room,the baby________.A.include B.including C.included D.to include19.The manager of the factory told us that very little ______ was made of the waste material in the past.A.cost B.value C.use D.matter20.It is the first time that I _______ this kind of moon cake.A.enjoyed B.have enjoyed C.enjoy D.enjoying二、完形填空(30分)(一)Mother's day is a holiday for mothers. It is celebrated in the United States,England,Sweden,India,Mexico and any other ___1___.Little by little,it ___2___ widely celebrated.Mother's day falls on the second Sunday in May. ___3___,many people send ___4___ of love to their mothers.Those whose mothers are still living ___5___ a pink or red rose,while those whose mothers are ___6___ wear a white one.The ___7___ of a day for mothers was first given by Miss Ana Jarvis of Philadelphia. As a result of her hard work,the celebration for the first American Mother's Day ___8___ in Philadelphia on May 10,1908.Soon the ___9___ became popular all over the ___10___ and around the world.1.A.homes B.schools C.countries D.cities 2.A.gives B.becomes C.stays D.begins 3.A.For a long time B.In the morning C.At a time D.On that day 4.A.presents B.things C.hello D.calls5.A.put B.take C.wear D.dress6.A.ill B.healthy C.dead D.busy 7.A.idea B.plan C.need D.meeting 8.A.held B.was holding C.was held D.is held 9.A.day B.holiday C.month D.time 10.A.country B.America C.place D.England(二)Once upon a time,some children were playing at seaside when they found a turtle(海龟).They began to beat the turtle.Just at that time,a young man came and said to them,“Stop!” The children ran 11 quickly.The turtle was very thankful and said,“Thanks for yourkindness.I really would like 12 you to a wonderful palace now.”?The young man rode on the back of the turtle and was taken to the secret palace in the sea.When he 13 the palace,he was very surprised and said to the turtle,“What a nice palace!” To thank him,the king of the turtles gave him 14.He had never seen such a dinner before.He received a warm welcome there and was very15 everything.After dinner,the king of the turtles said,“I am going to give you two boxes,16 you can open only one.” “You mustn’t open both.Don’t forget it!” the turtle warned him.“All right.I will open only one,” the young man promised(许诺).At this time,a large wave sent him out of the sea.After he 17,he opened the bigger one of the two boxes.18 the box was full of gold.“My God! he cried.“I’m 19 now.Then he thought,“Things in the other box must be expensive, too.” He could not wait any longer.He broke his promise and opened the other box.As soon as he opened it,he became an old man.His hair turned white.His face?20?an old man over eighty years old.It all happened in a moment.He was sorry for what he did,but it was too late.?11.A.through B.away C.into D.out 12.A.wanting B.asking C.to let D.to invite 13.A.left for B.arrived on C.arrived at D.got away 14.A.a very big dinner B.a very poor dinnerC.a very bad dinner D.a very small dinner15.A.pleased with B.strict in C.angry with D.sorry for 16.A.so B.or C.but D.as17.A.went back to home B.was back homeC.went back to the sea D.was back the sea18.A.To his surprising B.To one’s surprisingC.To one’s surprise D.To his surprise19.A.a poor man B.a rich man C. an old man D.a young man 20.A.liked B.felt like C.looked like D.looked三、阅读理解(共50分)(一)Ali,who was working a long way from home wanted to send a letter to his wife,but he couldneither read nor write,and he had to work all day,so he could only look forsomebody to write his letter late at night.At last he found the house ofa letter writer whose name was Nasreddin.Nasreddin was already in bed."It is late,"he said."What do you want?" "I want you to write a letter to my wife,"said Ali,Nasreddin was not pleased.He thought for afew seconds and then said,"Has the letter got to go far?" "What does that matter?" answered Ali."Well,my writing is so strange that only I can read it,and if I have to travel a long way to read your letter to your wife, it will cost you a lot of money." Ali went away quickly.Multiple choice ()1.Ali wanted to ____ to his wife.A.get something B.have a letter writtenC.bring a flower D.say good-bye()2.At last he found the house of_____.A.a writer B.a seller C.an old man D.a letter-writer ()3.When Ali told what he wanted to do Nasreddin was______.A.not pleased B.pleased C.excited D.angry()4.Nasreddin said that his writing was_____.A.easy for anyone to read B.strange for anyone to readC.too strange for anyone to write D.difficult for anyone to read()5.This story tells us______.A.not to ask anybody for help B.not to trouble others at nightC.not to ask for help without money D.not to trust others(二)An old man died and left his son a lot of money.But the son was a foolish young man,and he quickly spent all the money,so that soon he had nothing left.Of course,when that happened,all his friends left him.When he was quite poor and alone,he went to see Nasreddin,who was a kind,clever old man and often helped people when they had troubles."My money has finished and my friends have gone,"said the young man."What will happen to me now?""Don't worry,young man,"answered Nasreddin."Everything will soon be all right again.Wait,and you will soon feel much happier."The young man was very glad."Am I going to get rich again then? " he asked Nasreddin."No, I didn't mean that," said the old man."I meant that you would soon get used to being poor and to having no friends."Multiple choice()6.An old man died and left his son_______.A.nothing B.some gold C.much money D.only a house ()7.When the son was________,he went to see Nasreddin.A.short of money B.quite poor and sickC.in trouble D.quite poor and alone()8.The young man was very glad because Nasreddin said that________.A.he would become rich again B.he would soon feel much happierC.he would become clever D.he would have more friends()9.Nasreddin meant the young man______.A.would get rich again B.would get used to having nothingC.would get used to being in trouble D.would get out of poorness()10.What this story tells us is________.A.that money is everythingB.that money makes the mare goC.to save each pennyD.that misfortune tests the sincerity of friends(三)A man was travelling abroad in a small red car.One day he left the car and went shopping.When he came back,its roof was badly damaged.Some boys told him that an elephant had damaged it.The man did not believe them,but they took him to a circus which was near there.The owner of the elephant said,"I am very sorry!My elephant has a big, round,red chair.He thought that your car was his chair, and he sat on it!"Then he gave the man a letter, in which he said that he was sorry and that he would pay for all the damage.When the man got back to his own country,the customs officers would not believe his story.They said,"You sold your new car while you were abroad and bought this old one!"It was only when the man showed them the letter from the circus man that believed him.Multiple choice() 11.A man was travelling abroad_______.A.in a big bus B.in a green jeep C.in a red car D.in a red taxi () 12.The car was damaged because________.A.there was a traffic accident B.the circus man broke itC.it rushed into a shop D.the elephant sat on it()13.The circus man said that_______.A.he would pay for part of the damage B.he would pay for all of the damageC.he wouldn't pay for the damage D.he would buy a new car()14.When the man got back to his country,the customs officers______.A.would check his new car B.only checked his carC.searched him D.wouldn't believe what he had said()15.It was only ________that made the officers believe him.A.the letter from the circus man B.a newspaper from the countryC.the certificate of his D.the letter from the government(四)Nasreddin was cutting a branch off a tree in his garden.While he was sawing,another man passed in the street.He stopped and said,"Excuse me,but if you continue to saw that branched like that,you will fall down with it."He said this because Nasreddin was sitting on the branch and cutting it at a place between himself and the trunk of the tree.Nasreddin said nothing.He thought,"This is some foolish person who has no work to do and goes about telling other people what to do and what not to do."The man continued on his way.Of course,after a fewminutes.The branch fell and Nasreddin fell with it."My God!"he cried."That man knows the future !"and he ran after him to ask how long he was going to live.But the man had gone.Multiple choice()16.One day Nasreddin was cutting a branch _______a tree in his garden.A.on B.in C.at D.off()17.While Nasreddin was sawing,another man_______.A.told him to stop working B.told him he would fall downC.would borrow something from him D.would help him saw that branch()18.After the man went away,Nasreddin thought that________.A.that was a silly fellow B.that was a wise personC.that was a proud person D.that fellow cheated him()19.What happened to Nasreddin after a few minutes?A.The brancd fell B.Nasreddin fell down to the ground.C.Nasreddin was hurt himself.D.Both A and B.()20.This story is about ________.A.a foolish man B.a wise manC.cutting a tree D.the necessity of taking good advice(五)A garden that’s just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you,where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和) of its parts? 21 .But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.●___22Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 23 .However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.●Recall(回忆)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad,but that’s not what’s important. 24 --how being in those gardens made us feel.If you’d like t o build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 25 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A.Know why you gardenB.Find a good place for your own gardenC.It’s our experience of the garden that mattersD.It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE.Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF.You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden,tooG.For each of those gardens,writer down the strongest memory you have四、短文改错(15分)Have you ever heard from the saying: All work and no play make Jack a dull boy?What this means is that if you study all the times you will become a boring person.You must go out and having fun with your friends,otherwise you will lose him.No one wants to be friends with the person who that only works and studies.Perhaps you have a confidence problem.Please try remember that the work you do is for your rather than for anyone else.You do not have to compete your classmates.No one can be happier in studying seven days and seven nights a week.五、语法填空(10分)We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely. 1 , some of us are upset 2 their body styles and looks.It’s unnecessary and it’s not important at all.We needn’t care about it.It is one’s inner beauty 3 matters.Second,we sometimes seem to be misunderstood 4 our teachers, parents and classmates. 5 (face) with this,we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, trying to remove the 6 (understand).Some of us have fewer friends. I think being open-minded and friendly will do you good.Third,we may fall behind others, 7 makes us stressed.Actually we can encourage 8 to work efficiently,full of 9 (determine).At last,some of us don’t have much pocket money,so they feel unhappy.Isn’t it strange?So long as we have some,that’s enough.And we can learn 10 to spend money.六、书面表达(25)按照自己的想法,用英语叙述朋友的重要性,为什么朋友对你来说是重要的?{答案}2018-2019学年度河北省任丘一中第一学期高一年级期末考试英语试题参考答案一、单选CADAC AACAD AADAA DACCB二、完形CBDAC CACBA BDCAA CBDBC三、阅读BAADB CDBBD CDBDA DBADD GDFAB四、改错1.from —of/about 2.make—makes 3.times—time 4.having—have 5.him—them 6.that 7.try后加to 8.Your改成yourself 9.compete加against/with 10.happier—happy五、语法填空1.First 与第三行的Second形成呼应,都表示列举2.about 考察固定搭配be upset about…对…感到难过,失望;很多人对于自己的体型和外貌感到难过。

2018-2019学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高一上学期期末考试历史试卷(答案+解析)

2018-2019学年黑龙江省大庆铁人中学高一上学期期末考试历史试卷(答案+解析)

湖北省天门市、潜江市、应城市2018-2019学年高一下学期期中联考试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题共50分)一、选择题:(本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共50分。

请将选择题答案填写在答题卡上)。

1.下图所示耕作技术的出现A.提高了集体耕作的水平B.大大减轻农民赋税负担C.标志着传统步犁的成熟D.有利于农业的精耕细作2.先把田地开成一条条深宽各一尺的垄和沟,第一年把庄稼种在沟里,出苗后,逐渐把垄上的草和土培到苗根上;第二年在原来的垄上,再如法开沟栽种(如下图所示)。

这种农业生产技术的发明者是A.秦国商鞅B.西汉赵过C.东汉杜诗D.元黄道婆3.古罗马普林尼在《自然史》中写道:“中国产丝,织成锦乡文绮,运至罗马……裁成衣服,光辉夺目,人工巧妙达到极点。

”材料表明A.当时中国与罗马有直接贸易往来B.苏州是当时著名的丝织业中心C.中国官营手工业产品精美无比D.中国的丝织产品在罗马享有赞誉4.宋代城市中“坊”和“市”的界限被逐渐打破,市分布在城中。

上述现象主要可以用来说明A.统治者推行重农抑商B.资本主义萌芽的出现C.宋代商品经济的发展D.城市人口的不断增加5.到了明中期,皇帝设皇庄带头大量掠夺地产。

弘治时,京畿的皇庄才有五座,占地一万二千八百余顷,到了正德即位,一月之间增添了七座,以后增至三十六座,共占地三万七千五百余顷……王公、勋戚、宦官等掠夺土地更是成风。

这反映了A.土地兼并现象日趋严重B.专制皇权不断加强C.君主土地所有制占主导D.资本主义萌芽出现6.明清时期,全国形成了十大商帮,商人利用天然的乡里、宗族关系联系起来,互相支持,和衷共济。

这表明明清时期A.政府放弃了重农抑商政策B.商帮利用地缘亲缘关系发展C.经济结构已发生重要转变D.资本主义萌芽得到迅速发展7.鸦片战争后中国自给自足的自然经济逐步解体,其“解体”的主要表现是A.“机户”与“机工”的出现B.“男耕”与“女织”的分离C.列强凭借武力打开中国大门D.民族资本主义的产生与发展8.李鸿章认为:“中国积弱,由于患贫。

2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试化学试题 Word版含解析 (2)

2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试化学试题 Word版含解析 (2)

吉林省白山市2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试化学试卷一、选择题(本题包括12小题,每小题2分,共24分.每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.泡的是山茶,品的是心性,茶的这一生,后来只凝结成一抹犹之未尽的留香于齿。

其中泡茶的过程(投茶、注水、出汤、斟茶)中属于过滤操作的是()A.投茶B.注水C.出汤D.斟茶2.高铁、移动支付、共享单车、网购,被称为中国“新四大发明”。

用于高铁和共享单车制造业的重要金属材料是()A.Na﹣K合金B.Cu﹣Sn合金C.Sn﹣Pb合金D.Mg﹣Al合金3.下列气体不会造成大气污染的是()A.二氧化碳B.二氧化硫C.一氧化碳D.氯气4.下列不属于传统无机非金属材料的是()A.碳化硅B.玻璃C.水泥D.陶瓷5.在自然界中既能以游离态存在又能以化合态存在的元素是()A.铝B.硅C.硫D.氯6.在物质的分离提纯实验中,不需要用到的实验装置是()A.B.C.D.7.下列物质中,不能电离出酸根离子的是()A.Na2O B.KMnO4C.NH4NO3D.CaCl28.从元素的化合价分析,下列物质中不能作还原剂的是()A.NH3B.S2﹣C.Na+D.Fe2+9.下列物质不属于电解质的是()A.空气B.氯化氢气体C.氢氧化钠固体D.氯化钠晶体10.具有漂白作用的物质:①臭氧;②二氧化硫;③活性炭;④过氧化钠.其中漂白原理相同的是()A.①③B.②③C.①④D.②④11.下列物质的主要成分及用途均对应正确的是()A.A B.B C.C D.D12.下列过程中水的作用与其他三种不同的是()A.NO2溶于水B.Cl2溶于水C.将Na2O2投入水中D.将Na投入水中二、选择题(本题包括10小题,每小题3分,共30分.每小题只有一个选项符合题意)13.用一定方法可除去下列物质中所含的少量杂质(括号内为杂质),其中所选试剂均足量且能达到除杂目的是()A.NaCl 溶液(I2):CCl4B.Na2CO3(NaHCO3):盐酸C.CO2(SO2):Na2CO3溶液D.FeCl2(FeCl3):Cl214.下列物质加入或通入CaCl2溶液中,有浑浊现象的是()A.SO2B.NaHCO3C.SO3D.CO215.化学概念在逻辑上存在如图所示关系:对下列概念的说法不正确的是()A.纯净物与混合物属于并列关系B.化合物与氧化物属于包含关系C.单质与化合物属于交叉关系D.氧化还原反应与化合反应属于交叉关系16.设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的数值,下列说法正确的是()A.等物质的量的FeCl2与FeCl3,前者比后者少N A个氯离子B.16g CH4和18g NH3所含质子数均为10N AC.1mol过氧化钠与足量水反应时,转移电子的数目为2N AD.常温常压下,相同体积的Cl2、HCl含有的分子数和原子数均相同17.新型纳米材料MFe2O x(3<x<4)中M表示+2价的金属元素,在反应中化合价不发生变化.常温下,MFe2O x能使工业废气中的SO2转化为S,流程如图,则下列判断正确的是()A.MFe2O x是氧化剂B.SO2是该反应的催化剂C.x<y D.MFe2O y是还原产物18.下列离子方程式正确的是()A.Al2O3+2OH﹣=AlO2﹣+H2OB.NH4++OH﹣NH3•H2OC.SO2+H2O+Ca2++2ClO﹣=CaSO3↓+2HClOD.2Na+2H2O+Cu2+=Cu(OH)2↓+2Na++H2↑19.将铝粉投入某无色澄清溶液中产生H2,则下列离子组在该溶液中可能大量共存的是()A.H+、Ca2+、Na+、HCO3﹣B.Na+、Fe2+、Al3+、NO3﹣C.K+、Cl﹣、OH﹣、SO42﹣D.Cu2+、Ba2+、Cl﹣、OH﹣20.下列根据实验操作和现象所得到的结论正确的是()A.A B.B C.C D.D21.标准状况下,分别将充满下列气体的容器倒扣于水槽中(设气体不发生扩散),充分反应后,瓶内溶液的物质的量浓度不等于mol•L﹣1(约0.045mol•L﹣1)的是()A.HCl B.NO2、O2C.SO2、N2D.NO222.常温下,发生下列反应:①16H++10Z﹣+2XO4﹣=2X2++5Z2+8H2O②2A2++B2=2A3++2B﹣③2B﹣+Z2=B2+2Z﹣根据上述反应,下列结论判断错误的是()A.A3+是A2+的氧化产物B.氧化性强弱的顺序为XO4﹣>B2C.反应Z2+2A2+=2A3++2Z﹣在溶液中可发生D.Z2在①③反应中均为还原剂二、非选择题(本题包括5小题,共46分)23.(10分)(1)在VL Al2(SO4)3溶液中,含Al3+的质量为a g,则Al2(SO4)3溶液的物质的量浓度为(2)有以下物质:①AgCl;②CCl4;③医用酒精;④液氧;⑤二氧化碳;⑥碳酸氢钠固体;⑦氢氧化钡溶液;⑧食醋;⑨氧化钠固体;⑩氯化氢气体。

2018-2019学年高一物理必修一:第三章相互作用单元检测卷

2018-2019学年高一物理必修一:第三章相互作用单元检测卷

相互作用检测一、单选题1.关于力的描述,下面说法正确的是()A. 作某力的图示时,若选定的标度不同,那么表示这个力的线段的长度就不同,但箭头的指向是相同的B. 描述力只要用一根带箭头的线段表示出力的大小和方向就可以了C. 两力相同指两力大小相等即可D. 两力相同指两力的大小方向施力物体受力物体都相同,实质上指的同一个力2.下列关于重力、弹力和摩擦力的说法,正确的是( )A. 静摩擦力的大小在零和最大静摩擦力之间B. 桌面上的书本对桌面的压力是由于桌面发生弹性形变形成的C. 动摩擦因数与物体之间的压力成反比,与滑动摩擦力成正比D. 物体的重心一定在物体上3.2018年初,浙江气温低,冰冻现象严重。

一小猫在爬一结冰的小山坡时,虽拼命攀爬,但由于打滑,其相对地面的位置没有发生变化,则在这一过程中,小猫受到的力有()A. 重力、支持力、静摩擦力B. 重力、支持力、滑动摩擦力C. 重力、支持力、攀爬力、静摩擦力D. 重力、支持力、攀爬力、滑动摩擦力4.一个弹簧原长为5cm,受10N拉力时总长为7cm,则受20N拉力时总长为(已知当拉力撤销时弹簧都能恢复原长)A. 9cmB. 10cmC. 12cmD. 14cm5.如图所示,一倾斜粗糙木板上放一个物体,当木板的倾角θ逐渐增大时,物体始终保持静止,则在这个过程中,物体的受力情况,正确的是()A. 支持力变大B. 摩擦力变小C. 合外力恒为零D. 合外力变小6.如图所示,用水平力F将一物体压在竖直墙壁上静止不动。

设物体受到墙的支持力为N,摩擦力为f,那么当F增大时,下列说法正确的是A. N增大,f不变B. N增大,f增大C. N增大,f减小D. N不变,f不变7.下列哪组力作用在物体上,有可能使物体处于平衡状态()A. 3N,4N,8NB. 7N,9N,1NC. 4N,7N,8ND. 3N,5N,1N8.如图所示,某同学用与水平方向夹角为30°的力F拉一个箱子,使箱子沿地面做匀速直线运动.则A. 力F在水平方向的分力为B. 力F在竖直方向的分力为C. 木箱受到的摩擦力大小为D. 木箱受到的摩擦力大小为9.如图所示,用细绳系住小球放在倾角为θ的光滑斜面上,当细绳由水平方向逐渐向上偏移时,球对绳的拉力T和对斜面的压力N将:A. T逐渐增大,N逐渐减小B. T逐渐减小,N逐渐增大C. T先增大后减小,N逐渐减小D. T先减小后增大,N逐渐减小10.用三根轻绳将质量为m的物块悬挂在空中,如图所示. 已知绳ac和bc与竖直方向的夹角分别为30º和60º,则ac和bc绳中的拉力分别为()A. mg,mgB. ,C. 2mg,mgD. mg,5mg二、多选题11.如图所示,光滑的大圆环固定在竖直平面上,圆心为O点,P为环上最高点,轻弹簧的一端固定在P点,另一端拴接一个套在大环上的小球,小球静止在图示位置平衡,弹簧与竖直方向的夹角为30°,则()A. 大圆环对小球的弹力方向一定沿向OQ指向外B. 小球所受弹簧的弹力等于重力C. 小球所受大圆环的支持力等于重力D. 小球所受弹簧的弹力等于倍重力12.如图所示,物体M被放在粗糙的斜面上保持静止状态,当用水平外力F推物体M,而物体仍保持静止时,则下列说法可能正确的是()A. 物体受的静摩擦力变大B. 物体受的静摩擦力不变C. 物体受的静摩擦力变小D. 物体受的斜面支持力变大13.下列关于分力和合力的说法正确的是()A. 分力与合力同时作用在物体上B. 分力同时作用在物体上时产生的效果与合力单独作用在物体上时产生的效果相同C. 合力总是大于分力D. 合力F的大小随分力、间夹角的增大而减小,合力可能大于、等于或小于分力三、实验题探究题14.在“探究求合力的方法”的实验中(1)本实验采用的科学方法是()A.理想实验法B.等效替代法C.控制变量法D.建立物理模型法(2)为了减小实验误差,实验时应()_________A.拉橡皮条的绳细一些且长一些,实验效果较好B.拉橡皮条时,弹簧秤、橡皮条、细绳应贴近木板且与木板平面平行C.实验中,先将其中一个弹簧秤沿某一方向拉到最大量程,然后只需调节另一个弹簧秤拉力的大小和方向,把橡皮条另一端拉到O点D.拉力F1和F2的夹角越大越好(3)下面是该实验中的两个实验步骤:A.在水平放置的方木板上固定一张白纸,用图钉把橡皮条的一端固定在方木板上,另一端拴上两个绳套,通过细绳同时用两个弹簧测力计(弹簧测力计与方木板平面平行)互成角度地拉橡皮条,使它与细绳的结点到达某一位置O点,在白纸上用铅笔记下O点的位置和读出两个弹簧测力计的示数F1和F2.B.只用一只弹簧测力计,通过细绳拉橡皮条,使它的伸长量与两个弹簧测力计拉时相同,读出此时弹簧测力计的示数F′和记下细绳的方向。

2018-2019学年度第一学期八年级历史试题(含答案)

2018-2019学年度第一学期八年级历史试题(含答案)

2018-2019学年度第一学期期末考试八年级历史试题(考试时间:60 分钟分值:100 分)注意事项:1.本试题分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。

第Ⅰ卷为选择题,50分;第Ⅱ卷为非选择题,50分;共100分。

2.答卷前务必将自己的姓名.座号和准考证号按要求填写在答题卡上的相应位置。

3.第Ⅰ卷每题选出答案后,都必须用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号(ABCD)涂黑,如需改动,必须先用橡皮擦干净,再改涂其它答案。

4.第Ⅱ卷必需用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写到答题卡题号所指示的答题区域,不得超出预留范围。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题共50分)一、选择题:本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共50分。

在每小题所列出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题意的。

1.“自今以后,大皇帝恩准英国人民带同所属家眷,寄居大清沿海之广州、福州、厦门、宁波、上海等五处港口,贸易通商无碍……”上述内容出自下列哪一条约?A.《南京条约》 B.《尼布楚条约》 C.《马关条约》 D.《辛丑条约》2.“到1860年,这个中华文明古国被西方彻底打败并羞辱了……俄国人则既强调贸易收益也强调取得领土。

”“到1860年”,俄国人“取得领土”的条约有①中俄《北京条约》②中俄《改订条约》③中俄《瑷珲条约》④中俄《辛丑条约》A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④3.陈旭麓在《近代中国社会的新陈代谢》中评价近代某一文件时说:“它的价值是为近代思想史提供了一种农民的大同模式。

”这一文件是指A.《资政新篇》B.《天朝田亩制度》C.《北京条约》D.《虎门条约》4.《马关条约》的签订和3000万两白银的“赎辽费”,大大刺激了西方列强,它们在中国掀起了抢夺利权、强租海湾、划分“势力范围”的瓜分中国的狂潮。

当时德国在中国的“势力范围”是A.福建B.长江流域C.长城以北及新疆D.山东5.“中国的首都几次被西方的武装力量所占领,这是近代中国最痛苦的一个时期。

”“中国的首都”曾在下列哪两次战争中被“占领”①鸦片战争②第二次鸦片战争③甲午中日战争④八国联军侵华战争A.①② B.③④ C.②④ D.①③6.蒋廷黻在《中国近代史》中写道:“鸿章窃以为天下事穷则变,变则通……中国欲自强则莫如学习外国利器。

学易金卷:段考模拟君之2018-2019学年高一历史上学期期中原创卷02(考试版)

绝密★启用前|1考试研究中心命制2019-2019学年上学期期中原创卷02高一历史(考试时间: 90分钟试卷满分: 100分)注意事项:1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答第Ⅰ卷时, 选出每小题答案后, 用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3. 回答第Ⅱ卷时, 将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4. 测试范围:人教必修1第1—4单元。

5.考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷一、选择题: 本题共30个小题, 每小题2分, 共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中, 只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1.西周初年多地发生叛乱, 周公东征, 平定了殷地的“三监之乱”, 征服了殷商在东方的势力后, 分封齐、鲁、燕、卫等国。

这说明西周时期A. 分封制是当时的一项制度创新B. 实现了对东方的垂直管理C. 分封制是巩固统治的重要手段D. 政治中心开始向东部转移2.家(族)谱是一种以表谱形式, 记载一个以血缘关系为主体的家族世系繁衍和重要人物事迹的特殊图书体裁, 是中国特有的文化遗产。

自古以来我国民间十分重视修订家谱, 最可能是受到A. 古代禅让制的影响B. 古代宗法制的影响C. 古代分封制的影响D. 传统美德的影响3.汤因比在《人类与大地母亲》中指出, 统一了中国的诸侯国秦国国王嬴政采用了“始皇帝”的称号, 这是因为中国历史上从未出现过一个拥有整个中华文明覆盖范围的中央集权型帝国。

作者认为嬴政最大的贡献在于A. 废除分封制B. 实行郡县制C. 建立皇帝制度D. 开创统一格局4. 读下图,西汉刺史“以六条问事,非条所问,即不省”。

这表明西汉刺史A. 定位准确,行之有效B. 吏治民情,无所不察C. 权力大,可先斩后奏D. 监察郡县官吏和豪强5.钱穆先生在《中国历代政治得失》中写到: 政府一切最高命令, 皆由中书省发出。

【唐山高二期末】河北省唐山市2018-2019学年高二上学期期末考试 数学(理)(含答案)


…8 分 …10 分
…3 分
∴圆 C 的半径为 r=|CB|=5, ∴圆 C 的标准方程为(x-2)2+(y+3)2=25. …6 分 (Ⅱ)∵圆 C 的半径为 5,|MN|=6,所以圆心 C 到直线 l 的距离 d=4, 当直线 l 的斜率不存在时,圆心 C (2,-3)到直线 x=6 的距离为 4,符合题意. …8 分 当直线 l 的斜率存在时,设 l:y+1=k(x-6), |2-4k| ∴圆心 C 到直线 l 的距离 d= =4, k2+1 3 解得 k=- , 4 ∴直线 l 的方程为 3x+4y-14=0. 综上所述,直线 l 的方程为 x=6 或 3x+4y-14=0. (19)解: (Ⅰ)因为平面 CBB1C1⊥平面 BAA1B1,且两平面交线为 BB1,CB⊥BB1, CB 平面 CBB1C1,所以 CB⊥平面 BAA1B1, 从而有 CB⊥AB, …11 分 …12 分
…8 分
→ BA1 ·n=0,
…10 分
…12 分
(20)解: (Ⅰ)由题意设抛物线 C 的方程为:y2=2px(p>0). ∵抛物线 C 过点 M (1,2), ∴2p=4, ∴抛物线 C 的方程为 y2=4x. (Ⅱ)设直线的方程为 y=x+b,A(x1,y1),B(x1,y1), 由 y=x+b, 得,y2-4y+4b=0, y2=4x
…7 分 …8 分
→ DB ·n=0,
…10 分 …11 分
…12 分
x2 y2 (Ⅰ)因为椭圆 2+ 2=1(a>b>0)的右焦点 F(1,0),点 F 与短轴的两个顶点围成直角三角形. a b 所以 c=b=1,a2=2. x2 所以椭圆 C 的方程为 +y2=1. 2 …4 分
x2 (Ⅱ)设直线 l 的方程为 y=k(x-1)(k>0) ,代入椭圆方程 +y2=1 并整理, 2 得(1+2k2)x2-4k2x+2k2-2=0. 设 M (x1,y1),N (x2,y2), 则有=16k4-4(1+2k2)(2k2-2)=8k2+8>0, 2 2k2+2 2k2± 2k2+2 2k2-2 ,|x1-x2|= ,x1x2= , x1,2= 1+2k2 1+2k2 1+2k2 又因为 k>0 且 k≠1, 所以|kPM-kPN|= …6 分

2018_2019学年高一历史下学期期末考试试题(含解析) (9)

2018-2019学年高一历史下学期期末考试试题(含解析)注意事项:1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(综合题)两部分。

满分100分,考试时间80分钟。

2.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息3.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第Ⅰ卷(选择题)一、本卷共35题,每题2分,共70分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目的要求。

1.图1到图2的变化,反映出中国古代农业生产中A. 铁犁牛耕的产生B. 农业经营方式的变化C. 单位产量的提高D. 农业耕作技术的提高【答案】D【解析】左图是二牛一人的耕作方式,右图是曲辕犁,说明古代农业耕作技术的提高,D正确;A是春秋战国时期;B属于小农经济,并没有改变;C中粮食产量无从体现。

2.下列引文中,能反映井田制实质的是A. “普天之下,莫非王土”B. “今大道既隐,天下为家”C. “富者田连阡陌,贫者无立锥之地”D. “有力者无田可耕,有田者无力可耕”【答案】A【解析】【详解】依据所学知识可知,井田制的实质是土地国有制,即土地归周王所有。

“普天之下,莫非王土”反映的是土地归周王所有,故A项正确;“今大道既隐,天下为家”反映的是王位世袭制,故B项错误;“富者田连阡陌,贫者无立锥之地”“有力者无田可耕,有田者无力可耕”反映的是土地兼并,故CD项错误。

3.下列现象中能够体现出中国封建自然经济特征的是A. 夜市卖菱藕,春船载绮罗B. 闭门而为生之具以足C. 均有无而通万物D. 纤纤擢素手,札札弄机杼【答案】B【解析】试题分析:A.夜市卖菱藕,春船载绮罗、C.均有无而通万物,反应的是商业的发展。

D.纤纤擢素手,札札弄机杼,反应的是纺织业的发展;B.闭门而为生之具以足,反映的是自然经济自给自足的特点。

故此题应选B项考点:小农经济点评:小农经济主要特点:(1)生产方式:以一家一户为生产、生活的基本单位,农业和家庭手工业相结合,“男耕女织”;(2)生产目的:满足自家基本生活的需要和缴纳赋税;(3)经济形态:是一种自给自足的自然经济。

河北省衡水市2018-2019学年高一下学期期末考试历史试题a卷有答案

试卷类型:A卷河北冀州中学下学期期末高一(文)历史试题时间:90分钟分数:100分注意事项:1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。

答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在试卷和答题卡上。

2.回答第I卷时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号框。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.回答第II卷时,将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷和草稿纸上无效。

4.考试结束,务必将试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第I卷(选择题,共54分)1.据俞森《荒政丛书》记载:“一妇每日纺棉三两,月可得布二匹,数月之织,可供数口之用,其余或换钱易粟,或纳税完官。

”材料表明A.农本商末观念开始改变 B.小农经济并非是完全封闭的C.商品经济已经相当发达 D.家庭手工业是主要收入来源2儒家经典《礼记·月令》中记载:“是月也,土润溽暑,大雨时行,烧薙行水,利以杀草,如以热汤,可以粪田畴,可以美土疆。

”法家著作《韩非子·解老》也强调:“极力于田畴,必且粪灌。

”这些论述的应用A. 导致以农为本思想出现B. 促进了铁力牛耕的推广C. 有助于提高土地利用率D. 反映了儒法思想的融合3.唐朝中期始,经明清两代,封建赋税制度不断改革并最终定型,其特色有①“唯以资产为荣,不以丁身为本”②“量地计丁”纳银代役③滋生人丁,永不加赋④“摊丁入亩”征地丁银A.①②③④B.①②④C.①③D.②④4.宋代行业组织曾一度空前发展。

在“行”的数目上,曾发展到440行。

如北宋后期的开封城内,有640家资本雄厚的商户,分属160种行业。

这些行业组织的发展A.反映商业环境的变动B.改变了传统经济结构C.有利于抑制土地兼并D.扭转了北方经济颓势5.元代纸币的流通数量,中统元年(1260年)发钞73352锭,平均每人为62文;到至元二十四年(1287年)时,发行数额猛增至5098285锭,每人合13134文;再过20年左右,纸币流通数量又增长数十倍。

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