定语从句(1)
【英语】初中英语专题汇编英语定语从句(一)
【英语】初中英语专题汇编英语定语从句(一)一、定语从句1．一Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.一He is a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proudA．that B．whose C．who D．whom【答案】D【解析】句意：——请告诉我关于杨利伟的事情。
——他是一个所有中国人都为他感到自豪的宇航员。
be proud of为---感到自豪；这是一个定语从句，介词of后面应用宾格，故选D2．Success will belong to those never say “impossible” .A．whom B．what C．who D．Which【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：成功属于那些永远不说不可能的人。
此处考的是定语从句，先行词是those那些人，而且关系代词在句中做主语，所以用who，选C；whom可指代人，但做宾语；which只能指物，故选C。
考点：考查定语从句。
3．The girl ________ an English song i n the next room is Tom’s sister.A．who is singing B．is singing C．sang D．was singing【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：正在隔壁房间唱英文歌曲的女孩是汤姆的姐姐。
这里使用了定语从句，先行词是the girl，定语从句中缺少主语，用who或that引导定语从句，故选A。
4．The only language ____ is easy to learn is mother tongue．A．which B．that C．/ D．it【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意：唯一的容易学的语言就是母语。
先行词language在定语从句中作主语，由于它前面有修饰语only，所以只能用关系代词that，不能用which，因此选B。
定语从句 (一)
定语从句
Question: 1. 定语的作用? 2. 定语从句的结构是什么? 3. 关系代词who的两个作用是什么?
定语从句
定语, 修饰名词或代词, 译为 “....的”
例句: Yaoming is a famous basketball
player.
定语
姚明是一个著名的篮球运动员.
翻译:The woman who is teaching English is my mother.
定语从句
定语从句的结构之一:
先行词(人:名词,代词)+ +陈述句叙
1.代替先行词,在从句中充当句子主语. 2.连接从句和先行词
定语从句
例句: 那个住在我隔壁的人是王老师
主句-那个人是王老师 The man is Mr. Wong. 先行词
从句- 那个人住在我隔壁 The man lives next to me =who 关系代词
翻译:The wan who lives next to me is Mr Wong.
定语从句
例句: 姚明是一个
著名篮球明星.
主句-姚明是一个著名篮球明星. Yao Ming is a
从句- 姚明正在打NBA. Yao Ming is playing in the NBA.
My father is a tall and thin doctor. 定语
我的爸爸是一位又高又瘦的医生.
定语从句
例句: 那个正在教英语的女士是我的妈妈
主句-那个女士是我的妈妈. The woman is mபைடு நூலகம் mother. 先行词
从句- 那个女士正在教英语 The woman is teaching English. =who 关系代词
定语从句(1)
定语从句一．定语从句的定义：所谓定语从句，就是用一个句子来做定语来修饰一个名词，其中被修饰的名词叫做先行词，连接先行词和从句之间（或者说引导定语从句）的词语叫做关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
其中常见的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,as,but,than;常见的关系副词有：why,when,where.（注意：what，how，whether，if和特殊疑问词+ever不能引导定语从句）。
二．如何选择定语从句的连接词：首先明确先行词是什么，然后找到后面的从句，把从句单独拿出来分析，看一看先行词在句子中做什么成分，根据语法选择连接词。
Eg:He tried to escape from the prison that/which was builtin the Middle Age .分析：1.找先行词：prison 2.把prison放入从句中可以看到prison在从句中是做主语，即the prison was built in the Middle Age .而在定语从句中能充当主语的连接词一般情况下是that和which，于是就能选出连接词了。
三．连接词的用法：1.that：可以修饰人和物，在从句中作主语或宾语,表语，做宾语的时候一般情况下可以省略。
Eg: She is a girl who/that has long hair.(在从句中做主语) Is this the news (that)/which you wanted to tell me yesterday?(在从句中做宾语，可以省略that)He is no longer a kind-hearted man that he used to be(在从句中做表语)注意：1）that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：His father died in the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
【英语】英语专题汇编英语定语从句(一)含解析
【英语】英语专题汇编英语定语从句(一)含解析一、定语从句1．There will be a stamp show in the museum ______ we visited last week.A．who B．when C．which D．what【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我们上周参观的博物馆将有一场邮票展览。
关系代词的用法。
who的先行词是人；when的先行词是时间名词，在从句中作状语；what不能引导定语从句，此处先行词是museum，是事物，应该用关系代词which替代museum，在从句中作visit的宾语，故选C。
2．Success will belong to those never say “impossible” .A．whom B．what C．who D．Which【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：成功属于那些永远不说不可能的人。
此处考的是定语从句，先行词是those那些人，而且关系代词在句中做主语，所以用who，选C；whom可指代人，但做宾语；which只能指物，故选C。
考点：考查定语从句。
3．Ant Forest is a popular mobile app_____ allows people to plant real trees in the desert by collecting “green energy points’’.A．what B．who C．whom D．which【答案】D【解析】【详解】蚂蚁森林是一款允许人们通过收集绿色能量在沙漠里种植真的树木的流行的手机应用软件。
考查定语从句。
本句为定语从句，先行词是a popular mobile app指物，关系词用which，故选D。
4．Being blind is something _________ most people can’t imagine.A．who B．what C．that D．whom【答案】C【解析】先行词是something，关系代词用that。
定语从句关系代词关系副词非限制性定语从句-(1)
定语从句（一）--------关系代词的用法一．定语从句的概念在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。
关系词有三个作用：1、引导定语从句;2、代替先行词；3、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who， whom和whose，关系副词包括where， when， why等。
三、关系代词的用法部分特殊先行词的关系词选择Mary likes musicthat is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。
（that作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.（that作宾语）The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket. （作主语）The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. （作宾语）3.who指人在从句中做主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。
例如：The boys who areplaying football are from Class One.翻译：指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常用who代替，可省略。
例如：Mr. Ling is just the man whomI want to see.翻译：5..whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow2. 关系词只能用that的情况：a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时;例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
高中英语必修一语法讲解 定语从句(1)
，定语从句（1）概念引入：She is the girl who sings best of all.她是所有人中唱得最好的。
This is the best film that I have ever seen.这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。
He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry .他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。
Give me the b ook whose cover is green.把那本儿绿皮儿的书给我。
定语从句是我们初中学过的一项语法，上面这些句子与你初中学的有差别吗？是不是有点不同呢？从这个单元开始，我们将学习定语从句的升级版，但还是从头开始学哟。
语法点拨【高清课堂：定语从句一 P1】定语从句的定义 Do you know the girl who came here yesterday? 你认识昨天来的那个女孩吗？The book which he bought the day before yesterday is very good .他前天买的那本书很棒。
He is the man whom we should learn from . 他就是我们应该学习的人。
Her friend whose home is very far came to see her . 她的那位家很远的朋友来看她了。
其中粗体的部分就是定语从句，划横线的部分叫做先行词，也就是被定语从句修饰的词。
定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后 面。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
关系词：上面例子中的关系代词 who, whom, which, that 是用来引导定语从句的连接词。
这些连接词代替先行词在从句中担任一个成分，如主语、宾语或表语。
例如：Those students who study in this school are good at football.（who 代替先行词 students 在从句中充当主语）There is still mu ch homework which we must finish.（which 代替先行词 homework 在从句中充当宾语）关系代词引导的定语从句I. who 和 whom1. who 和 whom 代表人, 当先行词在从句中作主语时用 who 引导，作宾语时用 whom 引导。
定语从句(一)
定语从句（一）定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。
2，代替先行词。
3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
4.定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任．单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
限定性定语从句I.关系代词1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which 之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时等，这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom 作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
定语从句(1)关系词用法
总结关系代词的用法：
关系词
关系 代词
that which who
whom
whose
关系 副词
when where
why
所修饰的先行词 人/物 物/事 人 人 人/物
时间名词 地点名词 原因名词（the reason）
在从句中所作的成分 主语、宾语、表语
主语、宾语 主语 宾语 定语
时间状语 地点状语 原因状语
定语从句
第1章 什么是定语？
什么是定语？
定语：简单来说就是一个形容词，它的作用就相 当于形容词的作用，用来修饰名词或者代词。
例如：delicious carrots
第2章 什么是定语从句？
什么是定语从句？
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
例句：Those are oranges that I bought for kids.
(3) 当先行词前被最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 这是我读过最有趣的书。 This is the last chance that you have. 这是你拥有的最后一个机会。
(4) 当先行词既含有表示人的名词，又含有表示物的名词时。 They talked about the men and the things that they saw in the country. 他们谈到了在那个国家见到的人和事。
先行词 关系词
第4章
关系代词
关系代词：that的用法
翻译句子，并找出定语从句，分析关系词的作用 例句：She is the girl that helped us yesterday. The picture that we are studying is drawn by a girl.
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that/which The train ________ has just left is for Shanghai.
These are the photos. I took these photos last year.
(that/which) These are the photos _________ I took last year. 5、在地震中失去家园的人数达到了250,000。
后置定语
有趣的事；可靠的某个人； something interesting; someone reliable 装满水的瓶子；知识丰富的人；有绘画天赋的女孩；喜欢打篮球的男生
the bottle full of water; a man rich in knowledge; a girl talented in drawing; boys interested in playing basketball
my students; our friends; women teachers; enough water; blue sky; green fields; yellow leaves; outstanding actors; a sad story; a piece of good news; a large number of visitors
The gentleman is our head teacher.
The gentleman teaches us history.
The gentleman the gentleman teaches us history is our head teacher. Who/that
2、她就是我们昨天遇到的那位女士。
前置定语
可爱的孩子；有趣的书；乏味的话题；一个淘气的男孩。 a lovely kid; an interesting book; a boring topic; a naughty boy 一部恐怖的电影；一群勤奋的学生；那个失踪的孩子。
a frightening movie; a group of hard-working students; the lost child
1、我们班长是一个值得信赖的人。 —— ———— 2、They are women pilots. ——— _______ 3、在英国说的英语与在美国说的英语不一样。 _______ 4、People use words and expressions different from the ‘standard English’ ____________________________ 5、我们为死于踩踏事故中的孩子感到难过。 ____________ 6、Can you see the bird in the tree? _________ 7、我们班的学生数是 81。 _________ 8、Who will take part in the game to be held next week? _______ 9、很多人提出了解决这个问题的办法。 __ ___________ 10、Today the number ________ of people learning English in China is increasing _____________
Home work
Find out all the attributive clauses in the reading passage on page 26 of the textbook.
The superstar came to our city.
The superstar (that/whom) ______ you talked about the other day came to our city.
8、成功者不是那些从不失败的人，而是那些从不放弃的人。 Winners are not those people but those people. Those people never fail. Those people never give up. who never fail but those Winners are not those people _____ who _____ never give up.
6、任何停止学习的人都已经老了，无论是20岁还是80岁；坚持学习的人永远年轻。 Anyone is old. Anyone stops learning. Anyone stays young. Anyone keeps learning.
who Anyone ______ stops learning is old, whether at 20 or 80; Anyone _____ who keeps learning stays young. 7、你那天谈论的那个明星来我们市了。
You talked about the superstar the other day.
9、他们住在窗户朝南的房子里。
They live in the house.
The house’s window faces south.
They live in the house _________ the house’s window faces south. whose 10、我正在找封面是蓝色的那本书。 I am looking for the book. Its cover is blue. whose its I am looking for the book _______ cover is blue. 11、我想与那些作业做得很随意的同学谈谈。 Their homework was done carelessly. their homework was done carelessly. whose I want to talk to the students ______ I want to talk to the students.
the dog lying by the door; the teacher standing on the stand; the people injured in the earthquake; the books written by Long Yingtai
Practice:划出下列句子中的定语
长着胡子的那个家伙；来自于253班的学生；手里拿着伞的女士; 成功之路
the man with a beard; the students from class 253; the lady with an umbrella in her hand; the road to success
躺在门边的狗；站在讲台上的老师；在事故中受伤的人们；由龙应台写的书
She is the lady.
We met the lady yesterday.
the lady yesterday
(that/whom) we met She is the lady _________
3、刚刚离开的火车是开往上海的。
The train is for Shanghai. The train has just left.
rapidly.
What is attributive clause? （定语从句）
（定语从句） （先行词）
一个句子(=形容词）置于一个名词或代词之后修饰限制这个
名词或代词。
Those who want to go may go.
Those may go. Those want to go.
1、教我们历史的那位男士是我们班主任。
Attributive clause (1)
定语从句(1)
What is attribute? (定语)
• 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词 的品质与特征的成分，主要有形容词。此 外还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动 词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句等相 当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定 语。 汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
The number of people reached 250,000
People lost their homes.
The number of people
that/who lost their homes in ＿＿＿＿
the earthquake reached as many as 250,000.
总结下列关系词的用法（P90）
• • • • •
That Which 宾语 表语 定语 状语
that
which
√ √ √ √
√ √
who
whom whose
√ √ √
√ √ √ √
√
√
√
Practice:用适当的关联词填空
whose 1、I know the couple ____child was one of my students. who was caught smoking? 2、Where is the student ____ whom 3、The man ____ she was traveling with is her brother. whose parents 4、She is looking after the little child ____ have gone to London. 5、Do you still remember the days (that/which) ______ we spent on the farm? 6、This dictionary ________ my sister bought for me (that/which) is useful. whose 7、Did you see the girl ____ eyes are blue? who/that are polite and 8、You are my beloved students ______ kind. (that/which) 9、The fish _______ we bought this morning was not fresh. whom 10、The person _____ you just talked to is Mr. Li.