BalanceSheet
balance sheet样本列表
其他递延贷项
Disposal of fixed assets
Other deferred credit
待转销汇兑收益
unamortized exchange gain
固定资产合计
其他负债合计
TOTAL FIXED ASSETS
TOTAL OTHER LIABILITIES
在建工程
负债合计
一年内到期的长期负债
Accounts payable over one year
长期投资合计
长期负债合计
TOTAL LONG-TERM INVESTMENT
TOTAL LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
固定资产：FIXED ASSETS
其他负债OTHER LIABILITIES
固定资产原价
筹建期间汇率收益
CONSTRUCTION IN PROGRESS
TOTAL LIABILITIES
在建工程
所有者权益：
Construction in progress
OWNERS' EQUITY
资本总额Registered capital
无形资产INTANGIBLE ASSETS
实收资本Paid-in capital
4.由企业负责的应收票据
Notes receivable discounted with recourse
5.租入固定资产Fixed assets under operating lease
6.本年支付进口坏节税金
Advances from customers
其他应收款Other receivables
其他应付款Other payables
资产负债表BalanceSheet
资产负债表 Balance Sheet项目 ITEM货币资金 Cash短期投资 Short term investments应收票据 Notes receivable应收股利 Dividend receivable应收利息 Interest receivable应收帐款 Accounts receivable其他应收款 Other receivables预付帐款 Accounts prepaid期货保证金 Future guarantee应收补贴款 Allowance receivable应收出口退税 Export drawback receivable存货 Inventories其中：原材料 Including:Raw materials产成品(库存商品) Finished goods待摊费用 Prepaid and deferred expenses待处理流动资产净损失 Unsettled G/L on current assets一年内到期的长期债权投资 Long-term debenture investment falling due in a yaear其他流动资产 Other current assets流动资产合计 Total current assets长期投资： Long-term investment：其中:长期股权投资 Including long term equity investment长期债权投资 Long term securities investment*合并价差 Incorporating price difference长期投资合计 Total long-term investment固定资产原价 Fixed assets-cost减：累计折旧 Less:Accumulated Dpreciation固定资产净值 Fixed assets-net value减：固定资产减值准备 Less:Impairment of fixed assets固定资产净额 Net value of fixed assets固定资产清理 Disposal of fixed assets工程物资 Project material在建工程 Construction in Progress待处理固定资产净损失 Unsettled G/L on fixed assets固定资产合计 Total tangible assets无形资产 Intangible assets其中:土地使用权 Including and use rights递延资产（长期待摊费用）Deferred assets其中:固定资产修理 Including:Fixed assets repair固定资产改良支出 Improvement expenditure of fixed assets其他长期资产 Other long term assets其中:特准储备物资 Among it:Specially approved reserving materials无形及其他资产合计 Total intangible assets and other assets递延税款借项 Deferred assets debits资产总计 Total Assets资产负债表(续表) Balance Sheet项目 ITEM短期借款 Short-term loans应付票款 Notes payable应付帐款 Accounts payab1e预收帐款 Advances from customers应付工资 Accrued payro1l应付福利费 Welfare payable应付利润(股利) Profits payab1e应交税金 Taxes payable其他应交款 Other payable to government其他应付款 Other creditors预提费用 Provision for expenses预计负债 Accrued liabilities一年内到期的长期负债 Long term liabilities due within one year其他流动负债 Other current liabilities流动负债合计 Total current liabilities长期借款 Long-term loans payable应付债券 Bonds payable长期应付款 long-term accounts payable专项应付款 Special accounts payable其他长期负债 Other long-term liabilities其中:特准储备资金 Including:Special reserve fund长期负债合计 Total long term liabilities递延税款贷项 Deferred taxation credit负债合计 Total liabilities* 少数股东权益 Minority interests实收资本(股本) Subscribed Capital国家资本 National capital集体资本 Collective capital法人资本 Legal person"s capital其中:国有法人资本 Including:State-owned legal person"s capital集体法人资本 Collective legal person"s capital个人资本 Personal capital外商资本 Foreign businessmen"s capital资本公积 Capital surplus盈余公积 surplus reserve其中:法定盈余公积 Including:statutory surplus reserve公益金 public welfare fund补充流动资本 Supplermentary current capital* 未确认的投资损失（以“-”号填列） Unaffirmed investment loss未分配利润 Retained earnings外币报表折算差额 Converted difference in Foreign Currency Statements 所有者权益合计 Total shareholder"s equity 负债及所有者权益总计 Total Liabilities & Equity利润表 INCOME STATEMENT项目 ITEMS产品销售收入 Sales of products其中：出口产品销售收入 Including：Export sales减：销售折扣与折让 Less：Sales discount and allowances产品销售净额 Net sales of products减：产品销售税金 Less：Sales tax产品销售成本 Cost of sales其中：出口产品销售成本 Including：Cost of export sales产品销售毛利 Gross profit on sales减：销售费用 Less：Selling expenses管理费用 General and administrative expenses财务费用 Financial expenses其中：利息支出(减利息收入) Including：Interest expenses (minusinterest ihcome)汇兑损失(减汇兑收益) Exchange losses(minus exchange gains)产品销售利润 Profit on sales加：其他业务利润 Add：profit from other operations营业利润 Operating profit加：投资收益 Add：Income on investment加：营业外收入 Add：Non-operating income减：营业外支出 Less：Non-operating expenses加：以前年度损益调整 Add：adjustment of loss and gain for previous years 利润总额 Total profit减：所得税 Less：Income tax净利润 Net profit现金流量表Cash Flows StatementPrepared by: Period: Unit:Items1.Cash Flows from Operating Activities:01)Cash received from sales of goods or rendering of services02)Rental received Value added tax on sales received and refunds of value03)added tax paid 04)Refund of other taxes and levy other than value added tax 07)Other cash received relating to operating activities 08)Sub-total of cash inflows 09)Cash paid for goods and services 10)Cash paid for operating leases 11)Cash paid to and on behalf of employees 12)Value added tax on purchases paid 13)Income tax paid 14)Taxes paid other than value added tax and income tax 17)Other cash paid relating to operating activities 18)Sub-total of cash outflows19)Net cash flows from operating activities2.Cash Flows from Investing Activities: 20)Cash received from return of investments 21)Cash received from distribution of dividends or profits 22)Cash received from bond interest income Net cash received from disposal of fixed assets,intangible 23)assets and other long-term assets 26)Other cash received relating to investing activities 27)Sub-total of cash inflows Cash paid to acquire fixed assets,intangible assets28)and other long-term assets 29)Cash paid to acquire equity investments 30)Cash paid to acquire debt investments 33)Other cash paid relating to investing activities 34)Sub-total of cash outflows35)Net cash flows from investing activities3.Cash Flows from Financing Activities: 36)Proceeds from issuing shares 37)Proceeds from issuing bonds 38)Proceeds from borrowings 41)Other proceeds relating to financing activities 42)Sub-total of cash inflows 43)Cash repayments of amounts borrowed 44)Cash payments of expenses on any financing activities 45)Cash payments for distribution of dividends or profits 46)Cash payments of interest expenses 47)Cash payments for finance leases 48)Cash payments for reduction of registered capital 51)Other cash payments relating to financing activities 52)Sub-total of cash outflows 53)Net cash flows from financing activities4.Effect of Foreign Exchange Rate Changes on Cash Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents Supplemental Information1.Investing and Financing Activities that do not Involve in Cash Receipts and Payments 56)Repayment of debts by the transfer of fixed assets 57)Repayment of debts by the transfer of investments 58)Investments in the form of fixed assets 59)Repayments of debts by the transfer of investories 2.Reconciliation of Net Profit to Cash Flows from Operating Activities 62)Net profit 63)Add provision for bad debt or bad debt written off64)Depreciation of fixed assets 65)Amortization of intangible assets Losses on disposal of fixed assets,intangible assets66)and other long-term assets (or deduct:gains) 67)Losses on scrapping of fixed assets 68)Financial expenses 69)Losses arising from investments (or deduct:gains) 70)Defered tax credit (or deduct:debit) 71)Decrease in inventories (or deduct：increase) 72)Decrease in operating receivables (or deduct:increase) 73)Increase in operating payables (or deduct:decrease) 74)Net payment on value added tax (or deduct:net receipts 75)Net cash flows from operating activities Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents 76)cash at the end of the period 77)Less:cash at the beginning of the period 78)Plus:cash equivalents at the end of the period 79)Less:cash equivalents at the beginning of the period80)Net increase in cash and cash equivalents现金流量表的现金流量声明拟制人：时间：单位：项目1.cash流量从经营活动：01 ）所收到的现金从销售货物或提供劳务02 ）收到的租金增值税销售额收到退款的价值03 ）增值税缴纳04 ）退回的其他税收和征费以外的增值税07 ）其他现金收到有关经营活动08 ）分，总现金流入量09 ）用现金支付的商品和服务10 ）用现金支付经营租赁11 ）用现金支付，并代表员工12 ）增值税购货支付13 ）所得税的缴纳14 ）支付的税款以外的增值税和所得税17 ）其他现金支付有关的经营活动18 ）分，总的现金流出19 ）净经营活动的现金流量2.cash流向与投资活动：20 ）所收到的现金收回投资21 ）所收到的现金从分配股利，利润22 ）所收到的现金从国债利息收入现金净额收到的处置固定资产，无形资产23 ）资产和其他长期资产26 ）其他收到的现金与投资活动27 ）小计的现金流入量用现金支付购建固定资产，无形资产28 ）和其他长期资产29 ）用现金支付，以获取股权投资30 ）用现金支付收购债权投资33 ）其他现金支付的有关投资活动34 ）分，总的现金流出35 ）的净现金流量，投资活动产生3.cash流量筹资活动：36 ）的收益，从发行股票37 ）的收益，由发行债券38 ）的收益，由借款41 ）其他收益有关的融资活动42 ），小计的现金流入量43 ）的现金偿还债务所支付的44 ）现金支付的费用，对任何融资活动45 ）支付现金，分配股利或利润46 ）以现金支付的利息费用47 ）以现金支付，融资租赁48 ）以现金支付，减少注册资本51 ）其他现金收支有关的融资活动52 ）分，总的现金流出53 ）的净现金流量从融资活动4.effect的外汇汇率变动对现金增加现金和现金等价物补充资料1.investing活动和筹资活动，不参与现金收款和付款56 ）偿还债务的转让固定资产57 ）偿还债务的转移投资58 ）投资在形成固定资产59 ）偿还债务的转移库存量2.reconciliation净利润现金流量从经营活动62 ）净利润63 ）补充规定的坏帐或不良债务注销64 ）固定资产折旧65 ）无形资产摊销损失处置固定资产，无形资产66 ）和其他长期资产（或减：收益）67 ）损失固定资产报废68 ）财务费用69 ）引起的损失由投资管理（或减：收益）70 ） defered税收抵免（或减：借记卡）71 ）减少存货（或减：增加）72 ）减少经营性应收（或减：增加）73 ）增加的经营应付账款（或减：减少）74 ）净支付的增值税（或减：收益净额75 ）净经营活动的现金流量增加现金和现金等价物76 ）的现金，在此期限结束77 ）减：现金期开始78 ）加：现金等价物在此期限结束79 ）减：现金等价物期开始80 ），净增加现金和现金等价物。
BalanceSheeT资产负债表
Balance Sheet项目ITEM货币资金Cash 短期借款Short-term loans短期投资Short term investments应收票据Notes receivable 应付帐款Accounts payab1e应收股利Dividend receivable 预收帐款Advances from customers应收利息Interest receivable 应付工资Accrued payro1l应收帐款Accounts receivable 应付福利费Welfare payable其他应收款Other receivables 应付利润(股利) Profits payab1e预付帐款Accounts prepaid 应交税金Taxes payable期货保证金Future guarantee 其他应交款Other payable to government应收补贴款Allowance receivable 其他应付款Other creditors应收出口退税Export drawback receivable 预提费用Provision for expenses存货Inventories 预计负债Accrued liabilities其中：原材料Including:Raw materials产成品(库存商品) Finished goods 其他流动负债Other current liabilities待摊费用Prepaid and deferred expenses 流动负债合计Total current liabilities待处理流动资产净损失Unsettled G/L on current assets长期借款Long-term loans payable应付债券Bonds payable其他流动资产Other current assets 长期应付款long-term accounts payable流动资产合计Total current assets 专项应付款Special accounts payable长期投资：Long-term investment：其他长期负债Other long-term liabilities长期债权投资Long term securities investment递延税款贷项Deferred taxation credit长期投资合计Total long-term investment固定资产原价Fixed assets-cost *减：累计折旧Less:Accumulated Dpreciation实收资本(股本) Subscribed Capital固定资产净值Fixed assets-net value减：固定资产减值准备Less:Impairment of fixed assets集体资本Collective capital固定资产净额Net value of fixed assets固定资产清理Disposal of fixed assets在建工程Construction in Progress外商资本Foreign businessmen's capital固定资产合计Total tangible assets 资本公积Capital surplus无形资产Intangible assets 盈余公积surplus reserve递延资产（长期待摊费用）Deferred assets公益金public welfare fund其中:固定资产修理Including:Fixed assets repair其他长期资产Other long term assets 未分配利润Retained earnings递延税款借项Deferred assets debitsReading The Balance SheetA balance sheet, also known as a "statement of financial position", reveals a company's assets, liabilities and owners' equity (net worth). The balance sheet, together with the income statement and cash flow statement, make up the cornerstone of any company's financial statements. If you are a shareholder of a company, it is important that you understand how the balance sheet is structured, how to analyze it and how to read it.How the Balance Sheet WorksThe balance sheet is divided into two parts that, based on the following equation, must equal each other, or balance each other out. The main formula behind balance sheets is：This means that assets, or the means used to operate the company, are balanced by a company's financial obligations along with the equity investment brought into the company and its retained earnings.Assets are what a company uses to operate its business, while its liabilities and equity are two sources that support these assets. Owners' equity, referred to as shareholders' equity in a publicly traded company, is the amount of money initially invested into the company plus any retained earnings, and it represents a source of funding for the business.It is importa nt to note that a balance sheet is a snapshot of the company’s financial position at a single point in time.Know the Types of Asse tsCurrent AssetsCurrent assets have a life span of one year or less, meaning they can be converted easily into cash. Such assets classes include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and inventory. Cash, the most fundamental of current assets, also includes non-restricted bank accounts and checks. Cash equivalents are very safe assets that can be readily converted into cash; U.S. Treasuries are one such example. Accounts receivables consist of the short-term obligations owed to the company by its clients. Companies often sell products or services to customers on credit; these obligations are held in the current assets account until they are paid off by the clients. Lastly, inventory represents the raw materials, work-in-progress goods and the company’s finished goods. Depending on the company, the exact makeup of the inventory account will differ. For example, a manufacturing firm will carry a large amount of raw materials, while a retail firm caries none. The makeup of a retailer's inventory typically consists of goods purchased from manufacturers and wholesalers.Non-Current AssetsNon-current assets are assets that are not turned into cash easily, are expected to be turned into cash within a year and/or have a life-span of more than a year. They can refer to tangibleassets such as machinery, computers, buildings and land. Non-current assets also can be intangible assets, such as goodwill, patents or copyright. While these assets are not physical in nature, they are often the resources that can make or break a company - the value of a brand name, for instance, should not be underestimated.Depreciation is calculated and deducted from most of these assets, which represents the economic cost of the asset over its useful life.Learn the Different LiabilitiesOn the other side of the balance sheet are the liabilities. These are the financial obligations a company owes to outside parties. Like assets, they can be both current and long-term.Long-term liabilities are debts and other non-debt financial obligations, which are due after a period of at least one year from the date of the balance sheet. Current liabilities are the company’s liabilities which will come due, or must be paid, within one year. This is includes both shorter term borrowings, such as accounts payables, along with the current portion of longer term borrowing, such as the latest interest payment on a 10-year loan.Shareholders' EquityShareholders' equity is the initial amount of money invested into a business. If, at the end of the fiscal year, a company decides to reinvest its net earnings into the company (after taxes), these retained earnings will be transferred from the income statement onto the balance sheet into the shareholder’s equity account. This account represents a company's total net worth. In order for the balance sheet to balance, total assets on one side have to equal total liabilities plus shareholders' equity on the other.Read the Balance SheetAs you can see from the balance sheet above, it is broken into two sides. Assets are on the left side and the right side contains the company’s liabilities and shareholders’ equity. It is also clear that this balance sheet is in balance where the value of the assets equals the combined value of the liabilities and shareholders’ equity.Another interesting aspect of the balance sheet is how it is organized. The assets and liabilities sections of the balance sheet are organized by how current the account is. So for the asset side, the accounts are classified typically from most liquid to least liquid. For the liabilities side, the accounts are organized from short to long-term borrowings and other obligations.Analyze the Balance Sheet With RatiosWith a greater understanding of the balance sheet and how it is constructed, we can look now at some techniques used to analyze the information contained within the balance sheet. The main way this is done is through financial ratio analysis.Financial ratio analysis uses formulas to gain insight into the company and its operations. For the balance sheet, using financial ratios (like the debt-to-equity ratio) can show you a better idea of the company’s financial condition along with its operational efficiency. It is important to note that some ratios will need information from more than one financ ial statement, such as from the balance sheet and the income statement.The main types of ratios that use information from the balance sheet are financial strength ratios and activity ratios. Financial strength ratios, such as the working capital and debt-to-equity ratios, provide information on how well the company can meet its obligations and how they are leveraged. This can give investors an idea of how financially stable the company is and how the company finances itself. Activity ratios focus mainly on current accounts to show how well the company manages its operating cycle (which include receivables, inventory and payables). These ratios can provide insight into the company's operational efficiency.There are a wide range of individual financial ratios that investors use to learn more about a company. (To learn more about ratios and how to use them, see our Ratio Tutorial.)ConclusionThe balance sheet, along with the income and cash flow statements, is an important tool for investors to gain insight into a company and its operations. The balance sheet is a snapshot at a single point in time of the company’s accounts - covering its assets, liabilities and shareholders’ equity. The purpose of the balance sheet is to give users an idea of the company’s financial position along with displaying what the company owns and owes. It is important that all investors know how to use, analyze and read this document.。
英文财务报表 Balance Sheet
资产负债表Balance Sheet项目ITEM货币资金Cash短期投资Short term investments应收票据Notes receivable应收股利Dividend receivable应收利息Interest receivable应收帐款Accounts receivable其他应收款Other receivables预付帐款Accounts prepaid期货保证金Future guarantee应收补贴款Allowance receivable应收出口退税Export drawback receivable存货Inventories其中：原材料Including:Raw materials产成品(库存商品) Finished goods待摊费用Prepaid and deferred expenses待处理流动资产净损失Unsettled G/L on current assets一年内到期的长期债权投资Long-term debenture investment falling due in a yaear其他流动资产Other current assets流动资产合计Total current assets长期投资：Long-term investment：其中:长期股权投资Including long term equity investment长期债权投资Long term securities investment*合并价差Incorporating price difference长期投资合计Total long-term investment固定资产原价Fixed assets-cost减：累计折旧Less:Accumulated Dpreciation固定资产净值Fixed assets-net value减：固定资产减值准备Less:Impairment of fixed assets固定资产净额Net value of fixed assets固定资产清理Disposal of fixed assets工程物资Project material在建工程Construction in Progress待处理固定资产净损失Unsettled G/L on fixed assets固定资产合计Total tangible assets无形资产Intangible assets其中:土地使用权Including and use rights递延资产（长期待摊费用）Deferred assets其中:固定资产修理Including:Fixed assets repair固定资产改良支出Improvement expenditure of fixed assets其他长期资产Other long term assets其中:特准储备物资Among it:Specially approved reserving materials 无形及其他资产合计Total intangible assets and other assets递延税款借项Deferred assets debits资产总计Total Assets资产负债表(续表) Balance Sheet项目ITEM短期借款Short-term loans应付票款Notes payable应付帐款Accounts payab1e预收帐款Advances from customers应付工资Accrued payro1l应付福利费Welfare payable应付利润(股利) Profits payab1e应交税金Taxes payable其他应交款Other payable to government其他应付款Other creditors预提费用Provision for expenses预计负债Accrued liabilities一年内到期的长期负债Long term liabilities due within one year其他流动负债Other current liabilities流动负债合计Total current liabilities长期借款Long-term loans payable应付债券Bonds payable长期应付款long-term accounts payable专项应付款Special accounts payable其他长期负债Other long-term liabilities其中:特准储备资金Including:Special reserve fund长期负债合计Total long term liabilities递延税款贷项Deferred taxation credit负债合计Total liabilities* 少数股东权益Minority interests实收资本(股本) Subscribed Capital国家资本National capital集体资本Collective capital法人资本Legal person"s capital其中:国有法人资本Including:State-owned legal person"s capital集体法人资本Collective legal person"s capital个人资本Personal capital外商资本Foreign businessmen"s capital资本公积Capital surplus盈余公积surplus reserve其中:法定盈余公积Including:statutory surplus reserve公益金public welfare fund补充流动资本Supplermentary current capital* 未确认的投资损失（以“-”号填列）Unaffirmed investment loss未分配利润Retained earnings外币报表折算差额Converted difference in Foreign Currency Statements所有者权益合计Total shareholder"s equity负债及所有者权益总计Total Liabilities & Equity利润表INCOME STATEMENT项目ITEMS产品销售收入Sales of products其中：出口产品销售收入Including：Export sales减：销售折扣与折让Less：Sales discount and allowances产品销售净额Net sales of products减：产品销售税金Less：Sales tax产品销售成本Cost of sales其中：出口产品销售成本Including：Cost of export sales产品销售毛利Gross profit on sales减：销售费用Less：Selling expenses管理费用General and administrative expenses财务费用Financial expenses其中：利息支出(减利息收入) Including：Interest expenses (minusinterest ihcome)汇兑损失(减汇兑收益) Exchange losses(minus exchange gains)产品销售利润Profit on sales加：其他业务利润Add：profit from other operations营业利润Operating profit加：投资收益Add：Income on investment加：营业外收入Add：Non-operating income减：营业外支出Less：Non-operating expenses加：以前年度损益调整Add：adjustment of loss and gain for previous years 利润总额Total profit减：所得税Less：Income tax净利润Net profit现金流量表Cash Flows StatementPrepared by: Period: Unit:Items1.Cash Flows from Operating Activities:01)Cash received from sales of goods or rendering of services02)Rental receivedValue added tax on sales received and refunds of value03)added tax paid04)Refund of other taxes and levy other than value added tax07)Other cash received relating to operating activities08)Sub-total of cash inflows09)Cash paid for goods and services10)Cash paid for operating leases11)Cash paid to and on behalf of employees12)Value added tax on purchases paid13)Income tax paid14)Taxes paid other than value added tax and income tax17)Other cash paid relating to operating activities18)Sub-total of cash outflows19)Net cash flows from operating activities2.Cash Flows from Investing Activities:20)Cash received from return of investments21)Cash received from distribution of dividends or profits22)Cash received from bond interest incomeNet cash received from disposal of fixed assets,intangible23)assets and other long-term assets26)Other cash received relating to investing activities27)Sub-total of cash inflowsCash paid to acquire fixed assets,intangible assets28)and other long-term assets29)Cash paid to acquire equity investments30)Cash paid to acquire debt investments33)Other cash paid relating to investing activities34)Sub-total of cash outflows35)Net cash flows from investing activities3.Cash Flows from Financing Activities:36)Proceeds from issuing shares37)Proceeds from issuing bonds38)Proceeds from borrowings41)Other proceeds relating to financing activities42)Sub-total of cash inflows43)Cash repayments of amounts borrowed44)Cash payments of expenses on any financing activities45)Cash payments for distribution of dividends or profits46)Cash payments of interest expenses47)Cash payments for finance leases48)Cash payments for reduction of registered capital51)Other cash payments relating to financing activities52)Sub-total of cash outflows53)Net cash flows from financing activities4.Effect of Foreign Exchange Rate Changes on Cash Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents Supplemental Information1.Investing and Financing Activities that do not Involve in Cash Receipts and Payments56)Repayment of debts by the transfer of fixed assets57)Repayment of debts by the transfer of investments58)Investments in the form of fixed assets59)Repayments of debts by the transfer of investories2.Reconciliation of Net Profit to Cash Flows from Operating Activities62)Net profit63)Add provision for bad debt or bad debt written off64)Depreciation of fixed assets65)Amortization of intangible assetsLosses on disposal of fixed assets,intangible assets66)and other long-term assets (or deduct:gains)67)Losses on scrapping of fixed assets68)Financial expenses69)Losses arising from investments (or deduct:gains)70)Defered tax credit (or deduct:debit)71)Decrease in inventories (or deduct：increase)72)Decrease in operating receivables (or deduct:increase)73)Increase in operating payables (or deduct:decrease)74)Net payment on value added tax (or deduct:net receipts75)Net cash flows from operating activities Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents76)cash at the end of the period77)Less:cash at the beginning of the period78)Plus:cash equivalents at the end of the period79)Less:cash equivalents at the beginning of the period80)Net increase in cash and cash equivalents。
Balance Sheet 资产负债表
所有者权益 Owners’ Equity
•实收资本(或股本) contributed capital • 资本公积 Capital Reserves •留存收益Retained earning • 盈余公积 Surplus Reserves • 未分配利润Udistributed profit
The Balance Sheet
Team member：
There are three basic financial statements which are the end products of financial accounting: Balance Sheet, Income Statement and the Cash flow Statement.
非流动性资产 Non- Current Assets
• 固定资产 Plant and equipment • 长期股权投资 Long-term investment
负债Liability
• 流动负债Current Liabilities • 短期借款 Short-term loans • 应付票据 Notes payable • 应付账款 Accounts payable • 应付股利 Dividend payable • 应交税金 Taxes payable • 其他应付款 Other payable • 长期负债Long-term Liabilities • 应付债券bonds payable
• 库存现金 petty Cash • 应收账款Account receivable • 应收票据Notes receivable • 应收股利Dividend receivable • 应收利息Interest receivable • 其他应收款Other receivable • 存货 Inventory
balance sheet 资产负债表
balance sheet 资产负债表income statement 收益表statement of cash flows 现金流量表operating expense 经营费用operating result 经营成果profitability 获利能力partnership 合伙reporting format 报告式statement of owner’s equity 业主权益表T-account format T形账户表accounting cycle 会计循环anually 每年adjust 调整close 结清inequality 不平衡list 列示post 过账reverse 转回temporary account 临时账户trail balance 试算平衡表transfer 转移columnar 多栏的closing entry 结账分录accounting period 会计期间accrue 计提apportion 分配benefit 利益earn 赚取expire 耗费indefinite 无限的insurance premium 保险费matching 配比portray 描述prepaid 预付precollected 预收time period assumption 会计分配假设closing procedure 结账程序eliminate 消除expedient 方便的facilitate 便于income summary 收益汇总interim 期中norminal account 虚帐户post closing trial balance 结账后试算平衡表reversing entry 转回分录temporary account 暂时性账户worksheet 工作底表abbreviate 略缩cash sales 现金销售cash discount 现金折扣credit sales 赊账销售credit period 信用期COD cash on delivery 付款交货credit memorandum 贷项通知书freight collect 货到付运费freight prepaid 运费预付fob shipping point 离岸价起运地交货价fob destination 到岸价目的地交货价grant 同意merchandising company 商业公司merchandise 商品multi-step format多不式operational activity 经营活动purchase 购买payment term 付款条件sales revenue 销货收入sales returns and allowances 销货退回于折让sales discount 销货折扣net sales revenue 销货净额trade discount 商业折扣1．Bookkeeping 簿记2．审计报告Auditors’ Report3．验资报告Capital Verification Report 2．Data-processing 数据处理3．Double-entry 复式记账4．Single-entry 单式记账5．Account 账户6．Journal 日记账7．Ledger 分类账general ledger 总分类账subsidiary ledger 明细分类账8．Capital 资本9．Stock(inventory) 存货10．Account receivable 应收账款11．Account payable 应付账款12．Posting 过账13．Assets 资产14．Liabilities 负债15．Net worth 净值16．Current liabilities 流动负债17．Long-term liabilities 长期负债18．Stockholders’ equity =proprietorship 业主（股东）权益19．Fiscal period会计期间20．Partnership 合伙经营21．Accounting equation /formula 会计等式/方程式22．Debit 借方23．Credit 贷方24．Cash in bank 银行存款25．Bank loan 银行存款26．To foot (footing) 加总27．Trial balance 试算平衡表28．Sales invoice 销售发票29．Negotiable instrument 流通票据30．Cost accounting 成本会计31．Selling price 销售价格32．Allowance 折让33．Discount 折扣34．Gross profit 毛利35．Sales returns 销售退回36．Current assets 流动资产37．Fixed assets 固定资产38．Intangible assets 无形资产39．Balance sheet 资产负债表40．Patent 专利权41．Copyright 版权42．Franchise 专营权，特许权43．Trade discount 商业折扣44．Depreciation 折旧45．Bonds payable 应付债券46．Mortgages payable 应付抵押借款47．Accrual basis(the produced authority system) 权责发生制48．Prepay 预付49．Cash basis(the realized receipt and payment system) 收付实现制50．Bill of loading 提单51．Physical inventory system 实地盘存制52．Perpetual inventory system 永续盘存制53．Allowance for uncollectible accounts 坏账准备54．Uncollectible accounts expense=bad debts 坏账损失55．Accumulated depreciation =allowance for depreciation 累计折旧56．Factory cost 工厂成本57．Overhead 间接费用58．Financial forecast 财务预测59．Retail outlet 零售渠道60．Summary account 汇总账户61．Close out 结清62．Closing entry 结账分录63．Depletive assets 折耗资产64．Credit note 贷项通知书65．Debit note 借项通知书66．Income statement 收益表67．Net income 净收益68．Capital statement 资本表69．Installment sales 分期付款销售70．Accounting cycle 会计循环71．Source document 原始凭证72．Worksheet 工作底稿73．Post-closing trial balance 结账后的试算表74．Drawing account 业主往来帐户75．Notes payable 应付票据76．Open account 未清帐户77．Notes receivable 应收票据78．Demand deposits 活期存款79．Petty cash funds 备用金80．Bank drafts 银行汇票81．Cashier’s drafts 本票82．Open the bank 开立账户83．Rule off 账户划线84．Outstanding checks 未兑现支票85．Deposit in trant 在途存款86．Nonsufficient fund check 空头支票87．Reconciliation statement 调节表88．Bank statement 银行对账单89．Service charges 银行服务费90．Merchandise inventory 库存商品91．Merchandise inventory turnover 存货周转率92．Net purchases 净购进93．Net sales 净销售94．Working capital 营运资金95．Audit 审计96．Internal control 内部控制97．Internal audit 内部审计98．Job-order cost accounting 分批成本会计99．Process cost accounting 分步成本会计100．Direct cost /prime cost 直接成本/主要成本101．Standard cost 标准成本102．Burden rate 负荷率103．Petty cash(fund) 零（备）用金104．Imprest cash(fund) 定额备用金105．Imprest system 定额备用制106．Physical count 实地盘存107．Retail inventory method 零售价盘存108．First-in, first-out(FIFO) 先进先出法109．Last-in, first-out(LIFO) 后进先出法110．Lower-of-cost-or-market rule(LCM) 成本与市价孰低法111．Moving average 移动加权平均112．Weighted average 加权平均113．Specific identification 具体确认114．FOB(free own bought) destination 目的地交货价115．FOB shipping point 起运点交货价116．Inventory cutoff 库存商品截至日期117．Gross margin 毛利118．Finished goods 产成品119．Work-in-process 在产品120．Acid-test ratio (quick ratio) 速动比率121．Cash over and short 现金溢缺122．Contingent liability 或有负债123．Discount period 贴现期，折扣限期124．Discount rate 贴现率，折现率125．Discounting a note receivable 应收票据折价126．Liquidity 变现性127．Maturity date 到期日128．Maturity value 到期值129．Amortization 摊销130．Book value 账面价值131．Capital expenditure 资本支出132．Declining –balance depreciation method 余额递减法133．Straight –line depreciation method 直线折旧法134．Sum-of-the-years-digits depreciation method 年数总和法135．Units-of-production depreciation method 工作量法136．Fair market value 公允市价137．Salvage(residual) value 残值138．Undepreciated cost 折余价值139．Amortization of bonds 债券摊销140．Annuity 年金141．Bond discount 债券折价142．Bond maturity date 债券到期日143．Bond premium 债券溢价144．Callable bonds 可赎回债券145．Consolidated financial statement 合并报表146．Convertible bonds 可调换债券147．Long-term investment 长期投资148．Market rate of interest 市场利率149．Present value of an annuity 年金现值150．Registered bonds 记名债券151．Bearer bond 无记名债券152．Secured bonds 担保债券153．Serial bonds 分期偿还债券154．Stated(nominal) rate of interest 设定利率（名义利率）155．Term bonds 定期债券156．Debt financing 负债融资157．Equity financing 权益融资158．Lease obligations 租赁融资159．Deferred income taxes 提延所得税160．Effective interest rate 实际利率161．Leveraging 杠杆作用162．Capital stock 股本163．Cash dividend 现金股利164．Articles of incorporation(charter) 公司章程165．Contribute capital 捐赠资本166．Cumulative-dividend preference 累计优先股利167．Current-dividend preference 现行优先股股利168．Date of declaration 公告日169．Dividends in arrears 积欠股利170．Issued stock 已发行股利171．Legal capital 法定资本172．Limited liability 有限责任173．Outstanding stock 发行在外的股票174．Participating-dividend preference 参加分红优先股股利175．Preemptive right 优先股176．Property dividend 财产股利177．Statement of retained earnings 留存收益表178．Stock dividend 股票股利179．Treasury stock 库藏股票180．Liquidation 清算181．Market value 市价182．Transportation in 购货运费183．Transportation out 销货运费184．Promissory note 本票，期票185．Marker 出票人186．Bearer 持票人187．Endorse 背书188．Endorser 背书人189．Dishonor （票据的）拒付。
资产负债表名词解释
资产负债表名词解释
资产负债表（BalanceSheet）是一种重要的财务报表，可以帮助企业了解其总体财务状况。
它反映了一家企业一段时期（通常为一个财政年度）内资产、财务责任和所有者权益的细节。
“总资产”是指一家企业在一段时期内所拥有的所有财产的总和，财务状况的影响主要依赖于资产的数量和质量。
它可以通过现金、应收款项、存货、厂房和土地、机器设备等等反映出来。
“流动资产”指的是一种企业可以在接下来12个月内根据其原
始目的转移的资产，包括现金、应收账款等。
“非流动资产”指的是一个企业计划在未来一段时期内不可能转移的资产，如固定资产（房地产、厂房和设备）、长期投资（比如股
权投资）、商誉和无形资产等。
“负债”是指企业拥有的流动负债和长期负债的总和。
流动负债包括了账款、短期借款和应付利息等；而长期负债一般指的是一项或多项更长一段时期的借贷，比如长期债券或银行借款等。
另一方面，“所有者权益”是指一家企业的所有者拥有的资产净额，指挥家公司在一段时期末其资产中去除负债后剩余的总和。
它可以衡量企业的盈余、增长和财务能力。
常见的所有者权益包括实收资本、负债和盈余。
当一家公司准备资产负债表时，必须遵守相关的会计准则，以确保其报表数据的可比性和可信度。
此外，公司也可以按照自定的会计政策制定资产负债表，以体现资产和负债的不同应用方法。
资产负债
表不仅能帮助企业规划财务状况，还可以为诸如融资、投资决策等提供重要的参考。
因此，资产负债表可以说是企业财务管理的重要工具，它可以帮助企业了解其总体的财务状况，制定出合理的财务策略，为企业的未来发展提供重要的参考。
balance sheet金融术语
balance sheet金融术语平衡表是一种财务报表，显示了一个公司在特定日期的财务状况。
它是企业财务报表的三个主要部分之一，其他两个是现金流量表和利润表。
平衡表以会计等式为基础，显示了一个公司的资产、负债和所有者权益之间的关系。
平衡表的主要目的是提供有关公司财务状况的信息，例如公司目前拥有的资产，公司欠债的金额以及公司的净资产。
平衡表可以帮助投资者、债权人和其他利益相关者评估一个公司的健康状况和经营业绩。
平衡表通常按照特定的格式和顺序列出资产、负债和所有者权益。
以下是平衡表的主要部分：1.资产：资产是公司拥有的或控制的有形或无形的资源。
它们包括现金、应收账款、存货、固定资产和其他投资。
资产按照其流动性和其他特点进行分类，例如流动资产和非流动资产。
-流动资产：流动资产是指可以在一年内转换为现金或以其他形式使用的资产。
它们包括现金、银行存款、应收账款和存货。
-非流动资产：非流动资产是指公司预计在一年或更长时间内使用或保留的资产。
它们包括固定资产（如土地、建筑物和设备）、投资和无形资产（如专利和商标）。
2.负债：负债是公司对外部债权人的法定或经济义务。
它们包括应付账款、短期借款、长期债务和其他债务。
-流动负债：流动负债是指公司在一年内必须向债权人支付的债务。
它们包括应付账款、短期借款和未付工资。
-非流动负债：非流动负债是指公司预计在一年或更长时间内偿还的债务。
它们包括长期债务和退休福利义务。
3.所有者权益：所有者权益是企业归属于所有者的净资产。
它们包括普通股、优先股、资本公积金、留存收益和未分配利润。
所有者权益表示了公司净资产的权益部分。
平衡表按照会计等式进行排列，即资产等于负债加上所有者权益。
这意味着一个公司的资金来源必须等于它的资金用途。
如果资产减去负债不等于所有者权益，那么会计等式就无法平衡，这表明会计错误或数据录入错误。
平衡表可以提供许多有关公司财务状况的重要信息。
例如，通过比较不同时间点的平衡表，我们可以了解公司的财务状况是否有所改善或恶化。
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a.k.a-TRADING SECURITIES a.k.a-FINANCIAL ASSETS a.k.a-MARKETABLE SECURITIES Valued at fair value or amortized cost
Current Assets-2
294.505 0,7%
2005 533.179.059 53.580.885
550.191 1,0%
Growth 10% 31% 87%
Current Assets-3
Inventories
Measured by FIFO or Weighted Average Valued at Lower of Cost or Net Recoverable
Internal owners
Assets
Should provide probable future economic benefits Owned or controlled by the entity As a result of past transactions/events Cost/value should be determinable
Operating Cycle-Time required to purchase or manufacture inventory, sell the product, and collect the
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Valued at fair value- nominal amounts
Amount
Biological Assets (at fair value until the point of harvest) Assets Held for Sale Other Current Assets Deferred Tax Assets
Long-term Assets-1
Trade Receivables Other Receivables Biological Assets Long-term Financial Investments
Analysis of Receivables
Net Sales Accounts Receivable, total Allowance for doubtful accounts Allowance as a % of receivables
2004 484.217.501 40.766.849
Generally presented in order of liquidity
A Few Definitions
Current Assets-Cash or other assets expected to be converted into cash within one year or one operating cycle, whichever is longer
RECEIVABLES
Trade Receivables
Accounts Receivable Notes Receivable Post dated cheques receivable
Due From Related Parties Receivable from Employees Others
Balance Sheet
“Old accountants never die; they just lose their balance”
--Anonymous
Assets, Liabilities & Shareholders’ Equity
The Balance Sheet
Also called the statement of condition or statement of financial position
A Word on the “Allowance…”
Management must estimate the dollar amount of accounts receivable they expect to be uncollectible Affects balance sheet valuation AND bad debt expense on income statement Can be important in assessing earnings quality--changes should be analyzed
Financial Condition
Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders’ equity
Assets = What the firm owns Liabilities = What the firm owes to outsiders Stockholders’ equity = What the firm owes to
Valued at fair value or amortized cost or equity method of accounting
Deferred Tax Assets
Long-term Assets-2
Property, plant and equipment
1. Option: Property, plant & equipment are valued at cost less accumulated depreciation and allowance for impairment
Valued at amortized cost (net of interest) and reported at NET REALIZABLE VALUE
Net Realizable Value = Accounts Receivable - Allowance for Doubtful Accounts