2020年英语专八人文知识练习题
英语专八人文知识习题与答案

英语专八人文知识习题与答案英语专八人文知识习题与答案__1__ The study of __ is Syntax. A、textual organizationB、sentence structuresC、word formationD、 language functions__2__ Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?A、arbitrarinessB、productivityC、cultural transmission D finiteness__3__ The speech act theory was first put forward by__.A、John ScarlB、Johan AustinC、Noarn ChomskyD、M.A.K Halliday__4__ The capital city of Canada is __.A、MontrealB、OttawaC、VancouverD、York__5__ U.S. presidents normally serve a (an) __ term.A、eight-yearB、four-yearC、six-yearD、two year__6__ Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.A、HustonB、BaltimoreC、PhiladelphiaD、Boston__7__The state church in England is __.A、The BaptistB、The Roman CatholicC、The Protestant ChurchD、The Church of England__8__ The novel Emma is written by__.A、Jane AustenB、Elizabeth GaskellC、Charlotte BronteD、Mary Shelley__9__ Which of the following is not a Romantic Poet?A、William WordsworthB、Percy B. ShelleyC、George G. ByronD、George Eliot__10__ William Sidney Porter, known as O.Henry, is most famous for __.A、his poemB、his playsC、His novelsD、his short stories答案: 1-5 BDBBB 6-10 ADADD1. 选B。
专八人文知识测试题16套含答案.doc

Test 11.In Britain, where does the Changing of the Guard take place?a)Buckingham Palace.b)Downing Street.c)Victoria and Albert Museum.d)The Tower of London.2.What is a double-decker?a) A bus.b) A chocolate bar.c) A taxi. d) A two-storey building.3.Of all the symbols, ________, which are considered to representfertility and new life, are those most frequently associated with Easter.a)the pumpkin and the turkeyb)the lamb and the beefc)the spring peas and the potatoesd)the egg and the rabbit4.The first landing by Europeans in Australia was in 1606, butwhat is their nationality?a) Dutch. b) French.c) Spanish. d) British.5.Middle English was used by the poet _______.a) Hardy b) Chaucerc) Shakespeare d) Milton6.“A Tale of Two Cities” w as written by ______.a) William Shakespeare b) Goeffrey Chaucerc) Charles Dickens d) Thomas Jefferson7.Emily Dickinson wrote many short poems on various aspects oflife. Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of her poetic expression?a) Religion and immortality. b) Life and Death.c) Love and marriage. d) War and peace.8.What three components, generally, make up a system of atypical language?a)Phonology, syntax, semantics.b)Semiosis, syntax, frames.c)Frames, semantics, utterances.d)Sign, sign, signs.9.Of the following word-formation processes, _______ is themost productive.a) clipping b) blendingc) initialism d) derivation10.“The pen is mightier than the sword.” is an example of ______.a) metonymy b) transferred epithetc) oxymoron d) metaphorc) dialect d) narrativeTest 21.What is the affectionate name given to the clock tower of theHouses of Parliament, Westminster?a) Big Ben. b) Big Ken.c) Big Bill. d) Big Bob.2.Which of these sports did not originate in UK?a) Cricket. b) Snooker.c) Football (Soccer). d) Golf.3.Which town has been nicknamed ‘Tinseltown’ by theAmericans?a) New Orleans. b) Reno.c) Hollywood. d) Las Vegas.4.What is the other official language in Canada besides Englishand what is Canada’s capital?a) French. Ottawa. b) Spanish, Ottawa.c) Spanish, Toronto. d) French, Toronto.5.Which English poet wrote of Adam and Eve’s expulsion fromthe Garden of Eden in Paradise Lost?a) John Donne. b) John Milton.c) Sir Philip Sidney. d) Edmund Spenser.6._______ died of tuberculosis at the age of 26, but not beforeleaving an impressive body of poems, including “To Autumn”and “Ode on Melancholy”.a) John Keats b) Lord Byronc) Samuel Taylor Coleridge d) Percy Bysshe Shelley7.Walt Whitman was a pioneering figure of American poetry. Hisinnovation first of all lies in his use of ______, poetry without afixed beat or regular rhyme scheme.a) Blank verse b) Heroic coupletc) Free verse d) Iambic pentameter8.Of the following words, ______ is an initialism.a) VOA b) NATOc) BASIC d) UNESCO9.Which of the following words is NOT formed through clipping?a) Dorm. b) Motel.c) Gent. d) Zoo.10.A regional variety of a language that has variations inpronunciation, vocabulary or meaning is called _______.a) accent b) slangc) Morphology. d) Semantics.Test 31.The Channel Tunnel, linking the UK to the rest of Europe, runsbetween England and ______.a) France b) Germanyc) Belgium d) Netherlands2.What’s the name of the day set apa rt in USA for planting trees?a) Earth Day.b) Ann Arbor Day.c) Arbor Day. d) Green Day.3.What was the name of the ship that brought the Pilgrims to NewEngland in 1620?a) Golden Hinde. b) Sunflower.c) Mayflower. d) Titanic.4.What are the official colours of Australia?a) Red, White and Blue. b) Green and Gold.c) Green and Brown. d) Green and Red.5._______ is the first important governess novel in the Englishliterary history.a) Jane Eyre b) Emmac) Wuthering Heights d) Middlemarch6._______ was a pre-Romantic writer and is best known for hisScottish songs.a) Sir Walter Scott b) Robert Burnsc) Samuel Taylor Coleridge d) William Blake7.Mark Twain did NOT write _______.a)The Prince and the Pauperb)The Old Curiosity Shopc)Pudd’nhead W ilsond)Tom Sawyer8.Which of the following is NOT a dialect of English?a) Slang. b) Buffalo.c) American. d) Southern.9.Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stablebecause they ______.a)are complex wordsb)are technical wordsc)refer to the commonest things in lifed)denote the most important concepts10.W hat is defined as “the study of sentence structure”?a) Syntax.b) Phonology.c) “railroad”d) “taxi”Test 41.What colour is the British classified business telephonedirectory?a) Yellow. b) White.c) Blue. d) Pink.2.What does IMF stand for?a)International Monetary Foundation.b)International Monetary Fund.c)Internal Money Foundation.d)Internal Monetary Fund.3.What do Americans celebrate on 4th July?a) Thanksgiving Day. b) The Revolution.c) The Discovery of America. d) Independence Day.4.What is Canada’s national animal?a) Beaver. b) Moose.c) Bear. d) Husky.5.Which play by Shakespeare is not a tragedy?a) Titus Andronicus. b) Pericles, Prince of Tyre.c) Coriolanus. d) Timon of Athens.6.What is the book Lord of the Flies about?a) A road trip around the USA.b) A swarm of killer flies.c)Schoolboys on a desert island.d)An expert pilot.7.Nathaniel Hawthorne did NOT write _______.a) The Scarlet Letter b) Twice Told Talesc) The Blithedale Romance d) Vanity Fair8.Morphology is _______.a)how a word’s meaning evolves over timeb)the way a language builds words by putting small,meaningful units togetherc)how a word’s spelling evolves over timed)in what order words are put in a sentence9.Which of the following words can be described as containing anaffricate?a) Pill. b) Huffle.c) Hammer. d) Budged.10.The word ______ is usually NOT used by British people.a) “tube”b) “pub”Test 51.In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queenon the recommendation of ______.a) the Speaker b) the Lord Chancellorc) the Duke of Edinburgh d) the Prime Minister2.Who was the first person to walk on the moon?a) John Glenn. b) Clint Eastwood.c) Neil Armstrong. d) Yuri Gagarin.3.How many states are there in the US?a) 49. b) 50. c) 51.d) 52.4.What is the title of Canada’s national anthem?a) True Patriot Love. b) God Save the Queen.c) Canada My Country. d) O Canada.5.Who wrote “Where ignorance is bliss, it is folly to be wise”?a) Browning. b) Marx.c) Shakespeare. d) Kipling.6._______ is the author of “To a Skylark”.a) Mary Lamb b) John Keatsc) Percy Bysshe Shelley d) Lord Byron7.Henry David Thoreau’s work, ________, has always beenregarded as a masterpiece of New England Transcendentalism.a) Walden b) The pioneersc) Nature d) Song of Myself8.What is etymology?a)The history of a word.b)The various ways in which a word can be pronounced.c)The study of unwritten languages.d)The study of dead languages.9.________ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used asseparate words.a) Roots. b) Stems.c) Affixes.d) Compounds.10.W hat is the dominant accent in the United States?a) Midwest. b) General American.c) Southern. d) Canadian.Test 61.The vegetable, leek, is the emblem for which part of the UK?a) Wales. b) Northern Ireland.c) Scotland. d) England.2.John Lennon is a member of the band of ______ in the 1960s.a) The Beatles b) The Policec) The Rolling Stones d) The Eagles3.What is the title of the United States of America’s nationalanthem?a) America the Beautiful. b) We Are The Champions.c) God Bless America. d) The Star Spangled Banner.4.How many territories are there in Canada?a) 4.b) 2. c) 3. d) 1.5.In Gulliver’s Travels, Jonathan Swift describes the island ofthe Houyhnhnms as the world’s most perfect society. What kind of animals are the Houyhnhnms?a) Monkeys. b) Fish.c) Dogs. d) Horses.6.In which cent ury were Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Taleswritten?a) Fourteenth. b) fifteenth.c) Sixteenth. d) Seventeenth.7.With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literaryscene, _______ became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.a) sentimentalism b) romanticismc) realism d) naturalism8.To which of these language groups does English belong?a) Romance.b) Germanic.c) Slavonic. d) Baltic.9.“Present” and “absent” form a pair of _______.a) conversives b) gradable antonymsc) complementary antonyms d) marked antonyms10.T he morpheme is the smallest syntactical unit. How manymorphemes does the word “antidisestablishmentarianism” have?a) 1. b) 5. c) 7.d) 6.Test 71.What is the name of the famous stadium in the north of London?a) Wembley. b) Westminster.c) Wimbledon. d) Webster.2.What would you do with a “toad-in-the-hole”?a) Let it out. b) Sing it.c) Eat it. d) Play it.3.Martin Luther King Jr., a young black clergyman, became anational leader of the _______ Movement.a) Boycott b) Civil Rightsc) Segregation d) Integration4.The majority of French-speaking Canadians live in _______.a) New Brunswick b) Ontarioc) Quebec d) Nova Scotia5.Sir Thom as More coined the word “Utopia”. What does theword mean in Greek?a) Nowhere land. b) God’s blessings.c) Kingdom in the sky. d) Free from all sorrow.6.Where did Aldous Huxley get the title for Brave New World,which presents a chilling vision of a supposedly ideal society?a)The Bible’s Book of Psalms.b)Shakespeare’s “The Tempest”.c)Homer’s “Odyssey”.d)Christopher Columbus’ journals.7.The Hemingway Code heroes are best remembered for their________.a) indestructible spirit b) pessimistic view of lifec) war experiences d) masculinity8.Which of the following does affect the register that we speakin?a) Conversational partner. b) Context.c) Social status. d) Gender.9.What is the smallest segment of sound that comprises the basicbuilding blocks of a language?a) Morphemes.b) Teramemes.c) Metamemes. d) Phonemes.10.T he ambiguity in “Pass the port” is caused by _______.a) lexical items b) a grammatical structurec) homonymy d) polysemyTest 81.Which of these is the patron saint of Wales?a) St. Patrick. b) St. David.c) St. Andrew. d) St. George.2.Where is the official residence of the British prime Minister?a) Constitution Hill. b) Downing Street.c) Whitehall Place. d) The Strand.3.Which American president freed the slaves?a) Thomas Jefferson. b) George Washington.c) Abraham Lincoln. d) Bill Clinton.4.Who said: “We hold these truths to be self-evident that all menare created equal”?a) Bill Clinton. b) George Washington.c) Richard Nixon. d) Thomas Jefferson.5.W ho was the author of the famous storybook Alice’s Adventuresin Wonderland?a) Rudyard Kipling. b) John Keatsc) Lewis Carroll. d) H.G. Wells.6.Sonnets from the ______ is regarded as Elizabeth BarrettBrowing’s best work.a) Spanish b) Portuguesec) French d) Italian7.Chinese poetry and philosophy have exerted great influenceover _______.a) Ezra Pound b) Ralph Waldo Emersonc) Robert Frost d) Emily Dickinson8.The dictionary of a language can be called ________.a) pragmatics b) semanticsc) lexicon d) grammar9.Which of the following is NOT associated with “Parentese”(how an adult talks to a child)?a) Yes or no questions. b) High pitch.c) Long sentences. d) Exaggerated intonation.10.T he group of words _______ make up a semantic field.a)“father, teacher, son, brother”b)“red, white, rose, milk”c)“sorrow, grief, anguish, regret”d)“socks, slippers, shoes, glass”Test 91.Which famous writer was born in Stratford-upon-Avon?a) Geoffrey Chaucer. b) Agatha Christie.c) William Shakespeare. d) Thomas Hardy.2.In which year was the independence from England declared?a) 1679. b) 1876. c) 1776. d) 1779.3.Which of these U.S.A. states has been frequently called “thearmpit of the Nation”?a) New Jersey. b) Washington.c) Maine. d) Montana.4.Which of the following is Canada’s national symbol?a) Sunflower. b) Maple leaf.c) Golden wattle. d) Rose.5.How many lines does a sonnet have?a) 10. b) 12. c) 14. d) They vary.6.________ is considered to be the best-known English dramatistsince Shakespeare, and his representative works are plays inspired by social criticism.a) Richard Sheridan b) Oliver Goldsmithc) Oscar Wilde d) Bernard Shaw7._______ is the title of the 1818 novel by Mary WollstonecraftShelley.a) Spiderman b) Draculac) Frankenstein d) The Mummy8.The four major modes of semantic changes are _______.a)Extension, narrowing, elevation and degradationb)Extension, generalization, elevation and degradationc)Extension, narrowing, specialization and degradationd)Extension, elevation, amelioration and degradation9._______ deals with the distinctive sounds that are combined tomake words.a) Lexicon b) Morphologyc) Phonology d) Semantics10.“Vacuum-clean” resulting from “vacuum-cleaner” is an exampleof ______.a) clipping b) reduplicationc) compounding d) back-formationTest 101.The Hundred Years’ War in the history was between Englandand _______.a) France b) Norwayc) Denmark d) Germany2.Which of the following countries was once called a big empire“on which the sun never sets”?a) America. b) Norway.c) Spain. d) Britain.3. A Parliament in Britain has a maximum duration of ________years.a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 54.Which of the following is NOT a tragedy by Shakespeare?a) Romeo and Juliet. b) Hamlet.c) King Lear. d) The Taming of the Shrew.5.Who is generally regarded as the greatest writer in the Englishlanguage?a) Shakespeare. b) Hemingway.c) Chaucer. d) Mark Twain.6.Which of the following is a chronicle play by Shakespeare?a)Julius Caesar.b)The twelfth Night.c) A Midsummer Night’s Dream.d)As You Like it.7.______ is a branch of linguistics concerned with the sounds ofspeech, the way the sounds of particular languages change over time and the way the sounds of one language relate to those of another.a) Phonology b) Morphologyc) Syntax d) Semantics8.______ is the branch of linguistics which studies meaning inlanguage.a) Phonology b) Morphologyc) Syntax d) Semantics9.“Alive” and “dead” are _______ ant onyms.a) relational b) gradablec) symmetric d) complementary10._______ is the study of the production, transmission, andreception of speech sounds. a) Phonology b) Morphology c) Syntax d) PhoneticsTest 111.Which university is the oldest one in Britain?a) Oxford. b) Cambridge.c) Edinburgh. d) Glasgow.2.The Reuters is a famous news agency in _______.a) France b) Germanyc) America d) Britain3.The most typically English of sports is ________.a) soccer b) cricketc) horse racing d) golf4.“The Red badge of Courage” was written by _______.a) Jack London b) Stephen Cranec) Hamilin Garland d) S. Anderson5.Fitzgerald’s first novel was ________.a)The Beautiful and Damnedb)This Side of Paradisec)The Great Gatsbyd)Tender Is Night6.The theme of The Waste Land is _______.a) love b) spiritual quest for salvationc) death d) nature7.Wallace Stevens was a successful ________.a) poet b) essayistc) novelist d) critic8.Chinese is a(n) ________.a) isolating language b) agglutinativec) fusional d) incorporating9.______ validity refers to the extent to which the best adequatelycovers the syllabus area to be tested.a) content b) Constructc) Emprical d) Face10.S entence (a) “He married a blonde heiress.” _______ sentence(b) “He married a blonde.”a) presupposes b) implicatesc) entails d) negatesTest 121.The singing group the Beatles was formed in _________.a) the early 1960s b) the early 1970sc) the late 1960s d) the late 1970s2.The most popular sport in England is _______.a) soccer b) cricketc) rugby d) golf3._______ is the base where America originated.a) the Midwest b) the Southc) the Great Plains d) New England4.Napoleon sold the ______ Territory to the United States foronly 15 million dollars.a) Colorado b) Louisianac) New Mexico d) Texas5.________ introduced the technique of the stream ofconsciousness in his writing.a) Shakespeare b) James Joycec) Thomas Hardy d) William Faulkner6.Adgar Allan Poe was a _______.a) novelist and critic b) poet and criticc) novelist and poet d) playwright and novelist7.________ was called “inventor of detective stories”.a) Washington Irving b) Fennimore Cooperc) Adgar Allan Poe d) Nathaniel Hawthorne8._______ are of the complementary type of antonyms.a) Sell-buy b) Long-shortc) Good-bad d) Single-married9.Which is created by cutting the initial part of a word?a) Van. b) Prof.c) Bike. d) Telly.10.T he word “holiday” origina lly meant holy day, but now theword signifies any day on which we do not have to work. This is an example of ________.a) meaning shift b) widening of meaningc) narrowing of meaning d) loss of meaningTest 131._______ was the president of the United States during the GreatDepression.a) Thomas Jefferson b) John F. Kennedyc) Franklin Roosevelt d) Truman2.______ was involved in the Watergate Scandal.a) Nixon b) Rooseveltc) Truman d) Ford3.The Presidency Election is held every _______ years inAmerica.a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 64.The Master’s colleges and universities in America offer_______ degrees.a) BA b) Master’sc) BA and Master’s d) doctoral5.“Scarlet Letter” is one of the greatest American novels. It iswritten by _______.a) Nathaniel Hawthorne b) Wallace Stevenc) Francis d) Willa Cather6.________ was the first to explore fully the possibility of freeverse in American history of literature.a) Ralph Waldo b) Stephen Cranec) Walt Whitman d) Robert Frost7.Mark Twain was well-known as a _______.a) critic b) humoristc) poet d) playwright8.Which is NOT a blending word?a) baby-sit. b) transistor.c) motel. d) smog.9.The thematic role which deliberately performs the actiondescribed by the verb is _______.a) instrument b) sourcec) agent d) theme10.W hich of the following languages does NOT belong to theGermanic branch of the Indo-European family?a) Italian. b) English.c) German. d) Dutch.Test 141.Which of the following American higher education institutiondoes NOT offer BA degree?a)Junior Colleges.b)Research universities.c)Doctoral universities.d)Master’s colleges and universities.2.Yale and Harvard Universities are funded by the followingEXCEPT ________.a)the tuition fees paid by the studentsb)the donations by corporations and religious organizationsc)individuals’ donationsd)the governments at all levels3.The unique contribution to architecture by Americans was the________ in the late 19th century.a) skyscraper b) expresswayc) bridges d) tall towers4.Theodore Dreiser was the representative of the _______.a) transcendentalists b) modernistsc) naturalists d) existentialists5.“The Waste Land” was written by ________.a) Thomas Stearns Eliot b) Walt Whitmanc) Emily Dickinson d) Robert Frost6.Which of the following American writers did NOT win a NobelPrize for Literature?a) Ernest Hemingway. b) T. S. Eliot.c) John Steinbeck. d) Richard Wright.7.The word “_______” does NOT have the semantic property of“cause”.a) darken b) killc) uglify d) touch8.______ is/are NOT included in Pragmatics.a) Speech acts b) Presuppositionsc) Dexis d) Pronunciation9.________ is defined as the study of language in use andlinguistic communication.a) Pragmatics b) Sociolinguisticsc) Neuroliguistics d) Contextual linguistics10._______ carry semantic content. a) Grammatical words b) Form words c) Lexical words d) FunctionsTest 151.Elvis Presley was the representative of _______ in Americanhistory.a) country music b) discoc) jazz d) rock’n’roll2.Thanksgiving Day is on the _______ Thursday in November.a) 1st b) 2nd c) 3rd d) 4th3.The National Day of the American people is on ________.a) June 4 b) July 4c) June 14 d) July 144.“invisible Man” probes the existential status of a ______.a) Jewish b) Negroc) White d) Hispanic5.Which of the following is a woman writer?a) Ralph Ellison. b) Saul Bellow.c) James Baldwin. d) Willa Cather.6.“Long Day’s Journey Into Night” was written by _______.a) Sherwood Anderson b) William Faulknerc) Eugene O’Neil d) Bernard Shaw7.Which of the following was NOT written by ErnestHemingway?a)The Sun Also Rises.b)For Whom the Bell Tolls.c)Tender is the Night.d) A Clean, Well-Lighted Place.8.Which of the following words are minimal pairs?a) beg, bag. b) my, fly.c) cat, slight. d) it, intelligent.9.“Man” and “men” are _______ allomorphs.a) replacive b) suppletivec) zero d) positional10.________ includes the study of linguistic variation, linguisticchange, and sociocultural factors that influence language use.a) Pragmatics b) Sociolinguisticsc) Neurolinguistics d) Contextual linguisticsTest 161.The longest city in Canada is ________.a) Toronto b) Montrealc) Vancouver d) Quebec City2.English is the language most commonly spoken throughoutCanada EXCEPT _______.a) Toronto b) Montrealc) Vancouver d) Quebec3.Today in Canada, services in almost all modern institutionswork in _______.a) English b) English and Frenchc) English and Spanish d) English and Dutch4.Fitzgerald usually dealt with the double theme of _______.a) hatred and love b) hatred and warc) love and money d) money and death5.The Sound and the Fury was written by _______.a) Sinclair Lewis b) Theodore Dreiserc) F. Scott d) William Faulkner6.Main Street is a masterpiece of _______.a) transcendentalism b) naturalismc) modernism d) provincialism7.“Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” is a _______ poem.a) dramatic b) meditativec) satirical d) philosophical8._______ deals with the analysis and creation of words, idioms,and collocations.a) Morphology b) Lexiconc) Morphophonology d) Morphophonemics9.Which of the following is NOT a fricative?a) /f/. b) /v/. c) /s/. d) /tr/.10.A n artificial language used for trade between speakers ofdifferent languages is called a ________.a) pidgin b) lingua francac) creole s) slangKey AnswersTest 11.a2.a3.d4.a5.b6.c7.d8.a9.d 10.a Test 21.a2.b3.c4.a5.b6.a7.c8.a9.b 10.c Test 31.a2.c3.c4.b5.a6.b7.b8.a9.c 10.a Test 41.a2.b3.d4.a5.b6.c7.d8.b9.d 10.c Test 51.d2.c3.b4.d5.c6.c7.a8.a9.c 10.b Test 61.a2.a3.d4.c5.d6.a7.c8.b9.c 10.d Test 71.a2.c3.b4.c5.a6.b7.a8.d9.d 10.d Test 81.b2.b3.c4.d5.c6.b7.a8.c9.c 10.c Test 91.c2.c3.a4.b5.c6.d7.c8.a9.c 10.d Test 101.a2.d3.d4.d5.a6.a7.a8.d9.d 10.d Test 111.a2.d3.b4.b5.b6.b7.a8.a9.a 10.c Test 121.a2.a3.d4.b5.b6.a7.c8.d9.a 10.b Test 131.c2.a3.c4.c5.a6.c7.a8.a9.c 10.a Test 141.a2.d3.a4.b5.a6.d7.d8.d9.a 10.c Test 151.d2.d3.b4.b5.d6.c7.c8.a9.a 10.b Test 161.a2.d3.b4.c5.d6.b7.b8.b9.d 10.a。
专业英语八级考试人文知识模拟试题

专业英语八级考试人文知识模拟试题1. The population of the United States is a bit more than 272 million, about 13% of which are Black, 12 % are Hispanic(讲西班牙语的人),4% are Asian and the rest are White Americans.2. It is the third most populous country in the world after China and India.3. The most populous states are California, Texas, New York, Florida and Illinois.4. More than 80% of Americans live in urban areas.稳固:按照人口数量排列,美国在世界排在第几位;按照面积排,美国又是排第几位呢?1. Christmas is usually connected toA the reunion of a large familyB the eating of Easter eggsC the resurrection of ChristD the forgiving of other’s sins2. The largest of the ethnic minorities in America isA the blacksB the Mexico-AmericansC the Spanish-AmericansD the Chinese3. The British establish colonies along the east coast of North American between 16.7 and 1733.A 11B 12C 13D 144. The largest university in Canada isA Laval UniversityB The University of TorontoC McGill UniversityD Simon Fraser University5. Robinson Crusoe is written byA Henry FieldingB Daniel DefoeC Samuel RichardsonD Jonathan Swift6. is written by Walt Whitman.A Representative MenB English TraitsC NatureD Leaves of Grass7. is not a novelist.A Henry JamesB Emily DickinsonC William Dean HowellsD Mark Twain8. is not one of the core branches of linguistics.A PhonologyB Psycho-linguisticsC SyntaxD Semantics9. is the mon factor of the three sounds:[p], [t], [k]A voicelessB spreadC voicedD nasal10. English consonants can be classified into stops, fricatives, nasals, etc, in terms ofA manner of articulationB openness of mouthC place of articulationD voicing。
专八人文知识(练习题)

专八人文知识(练习题)篇一:专八人文知识(练习题+答案详解)专八人文知识(练习题+答案详解)专八人文知识练习(1)1. Morphology is a study of ___1___A. the internal structure of words and the rules that govern their formationB. the uses of different types of utterances in different contextsC. the differences between sounds used in human languages and sounds in natureD. the rules that pertain to all languages throughout the world2.Which of the following does NOT belong to “open class words”?___2___A. NounsB. AdjectivesC. ConjunctionsD. Adverbs3. What is the minimal unit of meaning?___3___A. PhonemeB. MorphemeC. AllophoneD. Allomorph4. Which of the following is NOT a free morpheme?___4___A. bedB. tressC. danceD. children5. Which of the following is NOT a compound word?___5___A. RainbowB. InactionC. Icy-coldD. Unpleasant6. ___6___ are bound morphemes because they can not be usedas separate words.A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds7.Syntax mainly deals with ___7___A. how a language changes through timeB. how words are combined to form sentences and the rules that govern the formation of sentences.C. how the human work when they use languageD. how a language varies through geographical space8.Syntactic categories contain the type of ___8___A. meaning that words expressB. affixes that the words takeC. structures in which the words can occurD. all of the above9.Which of the following is NOT the concern of a word category? ___9___A. A word category can be determined by meaning, inflection and distributionB. To determine a word’s category by its meaning only is often not reliable.C. A word category can be embodied directly from its meaning.D. Distribution is more reliable than the meaning to determine a word’s category.。
专业英语八级(人文知识)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级(人文知识)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1.535)的代表作。
知识模块:人文知识7.Which of the following is not a work of Edgar Allan Poe in American history?A.The Raven.B.Annabel Lee.C.To Helen.D.The Pasture.正确答案:D解析:Edgar Allan Poe(埃德加·爱伦·坡,1809~1894)美国作家、诗人、编辑及文学评论家。
其诗旋律优美,才华横溢。
诗歌特色是唯美和恐怖,如让人毛骨悚然的诗歌The Raven(《乌鸦》)。
Israfel(《以色拉非》)是爱伦·坡为自己所做的代言诗歌,而Annabel Lee(《安娜贝尔·李》)则是哀悼一位美丽女孩之死。
死亡是爱伦·坡作品中多次出现的主题。
To Helen(《致海伦》)也是其著名作品。
[D]The Pasture(《牧场》)是美国著名田园诗人Robert Frost(罗伯特·弗罗斯特,1874~1963)的诗作,故为答案。
知识模块:人文知识8.Chomsky’s ______ hypothesis is based on his observations that some important facts can never be otherwise explained adequately such as children can learn language very fast.A.naturalB.innatenessC.genuineD.heritage正确答案:B解析:Chomsky认为语言是某种天赋,儿童天生就具有一种学习语言的能力,叫做“语言习得机制(LAD)”。
他认为儿童生来就具有一种独特的天赋才能(innateness),即儿童天生就具有基本的语法知识和语法范畴的知识,并且这种知识是一种通用的、普遍的知识,是存在于一切人类语言之中并为人类幼儿所天生具有的知识,[B]innateness(天赋)为答案。
英语专八——人文知识专题训练[1]
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UNIT 4人文知识专题训练1.英国文学史纲要总结Outline of the History of the English Literature5thcentury B.C. The earliest inhabitants of the British islands —Celtics, one tribe of which, Bretons, invaded the Great Britain and settled there for nearly 500 years.55B.C. Roman conquest by Julius Caesar brought the ancient romantic culture.The Anglo-Saxons—a branch of the Germanic tribe expelled the Celtics to the remote areas of the north and the west. Their mother tongue was the prototype of the modern English. England means the dwellings of the Anglos.The latter half of the 7th century The first poet of the Britain—Caedman was born. Around 8th century The first well-preserved epic—Beowulf emerged.9th century King Alfred‟s reign greatly enhanced the development of the En glish culture.1057 Scottish king Macbeth died. Several hundreds years later, Shakespeare created the famous tragedy with him as the protagonist.1066 Norman conquest. As a result, French replaced English as the official language and dominated the literary creation. The resumption of the English as the mainly used language was after the English and French Centurial War 300 years later.I. Anglo-Saxon period.Epic: “Beowulf”—Beowulf, a hero, killed Grendel, a sea monster (thought to be the offspring of Cain, first murderer in the Genesis. Its artistic forms, such as kenning and alliteration had a great influence upon the poets that followed.Layamon‟s “Brut” recorded the legends of King Arthur and it was also an important sign of the resumption of the English language.II. Medieval period.A. Geoffrey Chaucer: “The Canterbury Tales”, a collection of short stories depicting realistically the panorama of 14th century England. His style of writing was fluent and humorous, and his thoughts even surpassed his contemporaries. His sharp perception of human nature is the basic cause of his permanent charm and popularity.B. Some major events in the 15th century contributing to the Renaissance:a. Religious reform led by Martin Luther in Germany and John Calvin in France broke the dark clouds of the medieval Europe and destroyed the manacles of religion on people‟s thoughts and spirits.b. The demise of the Easter Roman Empire, as a result of the fall of the Constantinople, forced many Greek scholar flee to the Italy with the remnant antiques. These artistic treasures of the ancient Greece and Roman acted a vital role in the renaissance of the culture represented by them.c. Typography promoted the study of the classic literature in Italy and Germany. The then English businessman William Caxton brought this technique to England as he traded in Europe, and it also greatly speeded up the English renaissance.d. Henry 8th was a tyrant but his divorce with wife ended up in the split of the Anglican Church with the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the religiousreform of the Anglicanism. He killed Thomas Moore, the author of Utopia. (iambic pentametera. Thomas Wyatt: introduced the sonnets from Italy to England. with no rhyme)III. Elizabethan period. b. Earl of Surrey: reformed the feet of sonnets and introduced the blank verse.A. Poetry initiated by 4men c. Philip Sidney: the first work on the theory of classic literary criticism “The Apologie for Poetrie”(诗辩) and romance “Arcadia”.atheism 1st blank verse in drama d. Edmund Spenser: called “the poet‟s poet”, spenserian stanza, “The Shepherd‟s Calendar”(牧人日记), “The Faerie Queene”(仙后).B. Drama. a. John Lyly, “Euphues”, “Euphuism”(尤非依斯体), artificial and ornate.University wits. b. Robert Greene had a jealousy for Shakespeare. “Tamburlaine the Great” “Edward II”c. Christopher Marlowe: most gifted of the University wits “Doctor Faustus” “The Jew of Malta”d. Shakespeare: master of drama. Keen perception of life.C. Prose. Francis Bacon: The founder of modern science. “Essays”, “New Instrument”(Novum Organum), “Advancement of learning”.D. Ben Jonson: prolific dramatist, “ Every Man in His Humor ”, “V olpone”. Poet Laureate of James I.IV. 17th century ( the Glorious Revolution, the Restoration)A. Drama: bold depiction of the extravagant life of the nobles.B. Poetry: John Dryden, Metaphysical poet John Donne, John Miltona. John Dryden: Poet Laureate, Founder of English literary criticism. Following the standards of classicism, he established the heroic couplet as the principal English verse forms, clarified the English prose and made it precise, concise, and flexible, and raised the English literary criticism to a new level. P oem, “Absalom and Achitophel”, Prose, “An Essay of Dramatic Poesy”.b. Metaphysical Poetry and John Donne. Characterized by mysticism in content and fantasticality in form. Called by Samuel Johnson. “ The Flea”, “Meditations”, imaginative, philosophical and meditative.c. John Milton: spokesman of the revolution. “Paradise Lost”, “Paradise Regained”, “Samson Agonistes”.C. John Bunyan: “The Pilgrim‟s Progress”, a religious allegory criticizing the social trend of the restoration period and also a disclosure of the evilness of every society, with a popular speech ennobled by the solemn dignity and simplicity of the language of the English Bible. Thackeray‟s “Vanity Fair” named after a place mentioned in this book.V. 18th century (age of reason and enlightenment)A. Theorist: John Locke: a. “Concerning Human Understanding”, emphasizing the importance of the sense as a means of gaining knowledge and the significance of reason in understanding the world.b. Men are born kind. They have the right to pursue happiness and the obligation to bring benefits to the society.Men are naturally equal and they can protect their right by social contract. Nation is a kind of social contract.B. Poetry: two trends: classicism (major) and pre-romanticism (minor).classicism a. Alexander Pope: student of Dryden. weak in body. Advocated classicism and imitation of theinherited from work of ancient Greece and Rome. Proposed that poets should depict gracious and beautifulJohn Dryden things and have an elegant tas te. “Essay on Criticism”, gave a detailed exposition of the principles of the classic poems. Culmination in classicism and heroic couplet. “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of the Lock”, full of reason without the expression of emotion.b. William Cowp er: “The Task”, forerunner of the natural poems. with romantic feelings.c. George Crabbe: employing the classic forms to depict the miserable rural life. “The Village”.pre-romanticism a. Edward Young: “The Complaints or Night Thoughts, on life, Death, a nd Immortality.”paved b. James Thomson: “The Seasons”, a pure love for nature.the way c. Thomas Gray: “An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”, sad in tone and refined in style.for the d. McPherson: “The Poems of Ossian”romantic e. William Blake: “The Tiger”, “Songs of Innocence” and “Songs of Experiences”. mysticism,period revolutionary passion. a strong likeness between Shelly and Blake in the imagery and symbolism.f. Robert Burns: using Scottish dialect to expr ess his feelings. “Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect”, “A Red, Red Rose”, “For A‟ That and A‟ That”(穷得有志气), “John Barley Corn”, “My Heart‟s in the Highlands”. (including Goldsmith as the poet “sentimentalist”)C. Prose: Joseph Addison and Richard Stee le: “The Tatler”, “The Spectator”, making a great contribution to the cultivation of good manners of the English nation.D. Fiction: a. Daniel Defoe: The father of the European and English fiction. vivid language. “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, “Roxana”.b. Jonathan Swift: most ruthless in satirical and ironic writing. “Tale of a Tub”, lashing the deviation of the Bible by the Roman Catholic Church and Lutheranism and Calvinism. “A Modest Proposal”, disclosing the cruelty of the British government tow ard Irish people. “Gulliver‟s Travels”, masterpiece, giving an unparalleled satirical depiction of the vices of his age.c. Henry Fielding: systematically proposed the theory of realistic novel writing and put it into practice, presenting the true facts of the 18th century English society. as fiction writer, “Tom Jones”, “Joseph Andrews”, “Amelia”, “Jonathan Wild”, elevatingthe author, as the narrator to the level of God and also displaying optimism. as playwright, “Historical Register”.d. Samuel Richard son: father of the epistolary novel, “ Pamela”, based on “Arcadia”, “Clarissa”, and “Sir Charles Grandison”.e. Tobias George Smollett: “picaresque novels”, humorous and refined. “Roderick Random”, “Peregrine Pickle”,“Humphry Clinkper”.f. Laurence Sterne: “The Tristram Shandy”, mainly arguments and fantasies about philosophy and moral, original in that the author used a technique like “steam of consciousness”.E. Dramaa. Oliver Goldsmith: though called “poor goldy” by peers, he had a romantic spirit whic h also earned him a name “sentimentalist”. poems, “The Deserted Village”, “The Traveller”. masterpiece novel, “The Vicar of Wakefield”, drama, “The Good-Natured Man”, “She Stoops to Conquer”.b. Richard Brinsley Sheridan: “The Rivals”, “The School for Scandal”, repudiating the high society for its vanity has been regarded as the best play since Shakespeare. F. Essaya. Samuel Johnson: lexicographer, poet and great critic. “A Dictionary of the English Language”. “London”, “The Vanities of Human Wishes”, “Life of Richard Savage”, “ Irene”, “Rasselas”. edited two periodicals “The Rambler” and “The Idler”. became “the great cham of literature”, and founded the famous Literary Club.VI. Romantic period (French revolution,“Lyrical Ballads”抒情歌谣集as the sign, utilitarianism功利主义.)A. Poetry: a. William Wordsworth: has a strong worship for nature, simplicity and purity of the language,“Lyrical Ballads” with Coleridge , “Intimations of Immortality”永生悟颂, “Tintern Abbey”, “The Daffodils”, “We Are Seven”, “The Excursion”,“The Prelude”, (autobiographical).Lake b.Samuel Taylor Coleridge: has made reforms in the form of English poems, in musicality and rhythm, “Christabel” “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”, “Kubla Khan”.Poets c. Robert Southey: “The Inchcape Rock” ,“The Battle of Blenheim”, “My Days among the Dead are Passed”.d. George Gordon Byron: revolutionary zeal and democratic ideas, spirit of rebellion. “Childe Harold‟s Pilgrimage”, “When We Two Parted”, “She Walks in Beauty”, “The Isles of Greece”, “Don Juan”(masterpiece). “Byronic Hero”.e. Percy Bysshe Shelley: revolutionary in ideas, religion and philosophy. poems, “Queen Mab”, “Alastor”, “The Revolt of Islam”, “Hellas”. “Prometheus Unbound”, “Cenci”, “A Defence of Poetry”. Single poems, “The Cloud”, “Ode to the West Wind”, “To a Skylark”.f. John Keats: exploits the ancient Greek heritage. “Ode on a Grecian Urn” ,proposed the principle of “truth beauty, beauty is truth. “Endymion”, “Hyperion”, “Ode on a Nightingale”, “To Autumn”, “On the Grasshopper and Cricket”, “The Eve of St. Agnes”.g. Walter Scott: poet, “Minstrel of the Scottish Border”, “The Lady of the LastMinstrel”, “Marmion”, “The lady of the lake”, “The Lord of the Isles”, “Rokeby”. B. novelist, a. Walter Scott the fountainhead of historical novel of the Europe, “Waverley”, “Ivanhoe”, “Woodstock”, “The Talisman”, “Count Robert of Paris”, “Quentin Durward”.b. Jane Austen: paved a way for the latter women writers, pre-realist. best at describing young girls. “Pride and Prejudice”, “Sense and Sensibility”, “Emma”, “Mansfield Park” “Persuasion”, “Northanger Abbey”.c. C. Essay: a. Charles Lamb: the romanticist of the city, “The Essay of the Elia” b. William Hazlitt, c. Leigh Hunt,d. DeC. Essay: a. Charles Lamb: the romanticist of the city, “The Essay of the Elia” b. William Hazlitt, c. Leigh Hunt, d. De Quincey.VII. Victorian period [divided into three trends: Critical Realism; Aestheticism; Neo-Romanticism] and the beginning of the 20th century[Edwardian period and the Georgian poets] (industrial revolution, Darwinism, utilitarianism further, crisis of belief)Realism a.Charles Dickens: a radical. The greatest literature was literature for the people. character portrayal.humor and satire, also powerful in painting pictures of pathos. “Pickwick Papers” “Oliver Twist”, “Dombey and Son”, “David Copperfield”, “Bleak House”, “Hard Times”, “Little Dorrit”, “A Tales of Two Cities”, “Great Expectations”, “Our Mutual Friend”. Including George Bernard ShawVictorian b. William Makepeace Thackeray: strict realism. moralizing. making heroes occur in different novels and narrating their origin, thus adding a peculiar truthfulness to the story. “Vanity Fair”period c. Bronte sisters: Charlotte Bronte: “Jane Eyre”, autobiographical. “Shirley”, “Villette”, “The Professor” Anne Bronte: “Agnes Grey”, “The Tenant of the Wildfell Hall”. Emily Bronte: “Wuthering Heights” against the moral standards of the Victorian period, surpasses her time to show the instinctive impulse of human being with consummate techniques. d. Mrs. Gaskell: “The Hungary Forties”, a first describing the class struggle between workers and capitalist. d. George Elliot: forerunner of psychological novel, believe in the “religion of humanity” and fatalism, “Adam Bede”, “The Mill on the Floss”, “Silas Marner”. e. George Meredith: “The Egoist”, further developing the skills of writing people‟s mind.Aestheticism: Beginning at the middle of the 19th century. The French poet Theophile Gautier first put the theory of “art for art‟s sake”(L‟art pour L‟art”) forward. Its gist is that art should be separated from any social needs. A cultural phenomenon of “ fin de siecle” in Europe. It was a kind of escapism in essence.a. John Ruskin: forerunner of aestheticism, “Beauty should be a organic part of the wh ole life of human being”, “Modern Painters”, “The Seven Lamps of Architecture”, “Stone of Venice”, all express a disappoint for capitalist culture and a longing for the creating freedom of the medieval and pre-renaissance period.b. Walter Pater: Put forwa rd the manifesto of “art for art‟s sake” in his “Renaissance” and his belief is the pursuit of beauty as the sole “success of life”. “Marius the Epicurean”, “Imagery Portraits”, “Appreciation”.c. Oscar Wilde: decadent period. Declare that art does not reflect life but life imitates art, so that art should not begin with the study of life but with what is untrue and does not exist. essay, “The Decay of Lying”, novel, “The Picture of Dorian Gray”, tragedy, “Salomé”, fairy stories, “Happy Prince and Other Tales”, “A House of Pomegranates”, 4 comedies, “Lady Windermere‟s Fan”, “A Woman of No Importance”, “An Ideal Husband”, “The Importance of Being Earnest”.d. Algernon Charles Swinburne: A pious admirer of “pure beauty” at the early period. “Atlanta in Calydon”, “Poems and Ballads”, marked by free choice of subjects and frank treatment of passion, were meant to be a expression of defiance to the hypocrisy and philistinism(庸俗) of the Victorian England. Later he changed.Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood: similar to Aestheticism, revolting against the material and spiritual ugliness.a. Dante Gabriel Rossettis: painter and poet, founder of P-R B. “the fleshy school of poetry”, “The Blessed Damozel”, “The House of Life”.Other important poets:a. William Morris: “The Defence of Guenevere and Other Poems” became a impetus to the Aesthetic movement. Poem, “The Earthly Paradise”. Since 70‟s, he became a socialist poet, prose, “A Dream of John Ball”, “News from Nowhere”.d. Alfred Tennyson: poem as a means to express the principles of ethic and philosophy, and the handmaid of the bourgeois “duty and faith”, “two voices”, one echoes the social need, another echoes the personal emotion, “The Lady of Shalott”, “Lotus Eaters”(食忘忧果者),“In Memorial”, “Maud”, “The Princess”, “Locksley Hall”, “Idylls of the King”(masterpiece).c. Robert Browning: interested in the rare known anecdotes in the past and introduced the dramatic monologue into the English poetry. He is well known for buoyant optimism. Poem, “Paracelus”, “Pippa Passes”, “Fra Lippo Lippi”, “Abt V ogler”, “The Ring and the Book”, essay, “Parleyings”.d. Matthew Arnold: great literary critics and “the lonely Victorian poet”. Essay, “Essay in Criticism”, “Essay in Criticism, Second Series”, “Culture and Anarchy”, poem, “Lines Written in Kensington Gardens”, “Stanzas from the Grande Chartreuze”, “Dover Beach,” “Knowledge and truth, in the full sense of the words, are not attainable by the great mass of the human race at all”. He placed his hopes on “the thinking few”.e. Gerard Manl ey Hopkins: poet, “inner scene”, “inner response”, “jumping rhythm”, “The Wreck of the Deutschland”.Neo-Romanticism: laid emphasis on the invention of exciting adventures and fascinating stories to entertain the reading public and led the novel back to story-telling and to romance.a. Robert Louis Stevenson: “Treasure Island”(金银岛). He insisted upon skills in handling material rather than upon the value of ideas in literary creation.90‟s:Playwright: George Bernard Shaw: the creator of a new publicist dram a. Exposure of the capitalist society and support the socialists. “Plays: Unpleasant”, “Plays: Pleasant”, “Three Plays for the Puritans”, “Man and Superman”, “Major Barbara”, “Pygmalion”, “Heartbreak House”, “Arms and Man”, “Mrs. Warren‟sProfession”, “The Apple Cart”, “Too Good to be True”.Novelist: a. Anthony Trollope: his works reflect a spirit of “order and quietness”. “The Barset Series”, “The Warden”(教区委员), “The Last Chronicle of Barset”.b. Thomas Hardy: transitional novelist and poet, “Wessex Novels”, “Under the Greenwood Tree”, “Far From the Madding Crowd”, “The Return of the Native”, “Tess of D‟urberviles”, “Jude the Obscure”, his novels, full of despair and pessimism, gave reader a feeling that “disaster is inevitable”. Poem, “Poems of the Past and the Present”, “The Dynasts”(列国).Edwardian period: .a Rudyard Kipling: born in India, imperialism and chauvinism in his works, mainly short stories, “The Jungle Book”, “The Second Jungle Book”, allegory of human life and full of imagination.b. John Galsworthy: heritor of the realistic tra dition, “The Man of Property”, “The Forsyte Saga”, “In Chancery”, “To Let”.c. Joseph Conrad: born in Poland but written with excellent English. Writing technique and content of his works are modern: different narrators telling stories interwoven with each other; stories in stories; endless digressions. Similar to Impressionism. “Almayer‟s Folly”, “The Outcast of the Islands”, “The Nigger of The …Narcissus‟”, “Lord Jim”, “The Heart of Darkness”.d. E.M.Forster: “Aspects of the Novel”, has a keen perception of the changes of the novels from a story-telling manner to a modern one but he is a transitional figure. His subjects chosen are modern, “Passage to India”, a reflection of nihilism; symbolic; intricate plots.e. Herbert George Wells: science fiction writer successfully predicting the two World Wars, “The Time Machine”.f. Sommerset Maugham: exotic stories of the east colonies of the British Empire. “The Complete Short Stories”.g. Arnold Bennet: “The …Five Town‟ Stories”, “The Old Wives‟ Tale”, was writt en in the manner of naturalism and laden with minute details. “Poets of George Period”(on nature, idyllic life and love)a. Edward Marsh: “Georgian Anthologies”,b. Robert Brooke: regarded war as purificant and death heroic; full of innocence. “Poems”, “1914 and Other Poems”, “The Soldier”.c. Edward Thomas: on the relieving effect of nature, “Adlestrop”, “The Owl”, “Rain”.d. Robert Graves: “The White Goddess”.e. Charles Sorley: “Such, Such is Death”, “Return”, “All the Hills and Vales Along”.f. David Jones: “In Parenthesis”.g. Wilfred Owen,h. Isaac Rosenberg,i. Siefried Sasson,j. T.E.Hulme. VIII. Novelists in 20‟s of the 20th century (new concepts of time by Henri Bergson: a flow inner consciousness; Freud‟s psychological analysis: unconsciousness)Stream of Consciousness: the flux of conscious and subconscious thoughts and impression moving in the mind at any given time independently of the person‟s will, developed from interior monologue, “fleeting image”.a. VirginiaWoolf: good literary critic, “The Modern Novel”, an attack on the malady of the Edwardian novelist; an innovator of novel writing technique, depicting “experiences of moments” and eliminating the intervention of the author as narrator and commenter, “Mrs. Dalloway”, “The Waves”, “To the Lighthouse”, “The Years”.b. James Joyce: original in language and writing technique, “Dubliners”, “A Portraitof Artist as a Young Man”, autobiographical, “Finnegans Wake”, greatest enigma in 20th century literature. “Ulysses”, a novel in which stream of consciousness is best employed.c. David. Herbert Lawrence: son of miner. novelist, poet and critic. He advocated the principle of saving the decaying civilization which he hated so much through a rearrangement of personal relationships, esp. between wome n and men, sex. “The White Peacock”, “Sons and Lovers”, autobiographical, “Oedipus Complex”, “The Rainbow”, “Women in Love”, “Aaron‟s Rod”, “Kangaroo”, “Lady Chatterley‟s Lover”, most controversial.IX. Poets in 20‟s of the 20th century (same background)a. William Butler Yeats: symbolist poets, greatest of our age, “The Wild Swans at Coole”, “Michael Robartes and the Dancer”, “The Tower”, “The Winding Stair”. (T.S.Eliot as American peers) influenced by imagism in his later years.2.专八人文英国美国文学作者及作品英国文学1、Geoffrey Chaucer杰佛利•乔叟1340-1400 长诗:The House of Fame声誉之堂;Troilus and Criseyde特罗勒斯与克丽西德小说:Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集----英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作(他是最早有人文主义思想的作家,现实主义文学的奠基人)2、William Shakespeare莎士比亚1564-1616 The Tempest暴风风雨;The Two Gentlemen of Veronaz维罗纳二绅士;The Mercy Wives of Windsor温莎的风流妇人;Measure for Measure恶有恶报;The Comedy of Errors错中错;Much Ado about Nothing无事自扰;Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场;A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;As You Like It如愿;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记;All’s Well That Ends Well皆大欢喜;Twelfth Night第十二夜;The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事;The Life and Death of King John/Richard the Second/Henry the Fifth/Richard the Third约翰王/理查二世/亨利五世/理查三世;The First/Second Part of King Henry the Fourth亨利四世(上、下);The First/Second/Third Part of King Henry the Sixth亨利六世(上、中、下);The Life of King Henry the Eighth亨利八世;Troilus and Cressida脱爱勒斯与克莱西达;The Tragedy of Coriolanus考利欧雷诺斯;Titus Andronicus泰特斯•安庄尼克斯;Romeo and Julet罗密欧与朱丽叶;Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;The Life and Death of Julius Caesar;朱利阿斯•凯撒;The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;King Lear李尔王;Othello奥塞罗;Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克利欧佩特拉;Cymbeline辛白林;Pericles波里克利斯;Venus and Adonis维诺斯•阿都尼斯;Lucrece露克利斯;The Sonnets十四行诗3、Francis Bacon培根1561-1626 Advancement of Learning学术的进展;Novum Organum新工具;New Atlantic新大西岛;Essays论文集(Of Studies论学习;Of Wisdom for a Man’s Self)4、John Milton约翰•弥尔顿1608-1674 L‘Allegro欢乐的人;Il Penseroso 沉思的人;Comus科马斯;Lycidas列西达斯;Areopagitica论出版自由;Pro Populo Anglicano Defense为英国人民声辩; Pro Populo Anglicano Defense Secunda再为英国人民声辩;Paradise Lost失乐园;Paradise Regained复乐园;Samson Agonistes力士参孙5、John Bunyan班扬1628-1688 The Pilgrim’s Progress天路历程;The Life and Death of Mr Badman培德曼先生的一生6、Joseph Addison艾迪生诗:The Campaign 远征;剧本:Cato 加图名文;Adventure of A shilling一先令的历险7、Richard Steele理查德•斯梯尔1672-1729 The Christian Hero基督教徒的英雄名文:The Spectator Club旁观者俱乐部8、Danniel Defoe丹尼尔•迪福1660-1731 (标志着近代英国小说的形成)Hymn to the Pillory枷刑颂;Robinson Crusoe鲁宾孙飘流记;Captain Singleton 辛格顿船长;Moll Flanders莫尔弗兰德斯;A Journal of the Plague Year大疫年日记9、Jonathan Swift斯威夫特1667-1745 The Battle of Books书的战争;A Tale of A Tub一个木桶的故事;The Drapier’s Letters布商的书信;A Modest Proposal一个温和的建议;Guilliver’s Travels格列佛游记(A Voyage to Lilliput/Brobdingnag/Laputa,Balnibarbi,Luggnagg,Glubbdubdriba and Japan/The Country of the Houyhnhnms小人国/大人国/拉普他等地/智马国游记)10、Alexander Pope蒲柏1688-1744 Pastorals田园诗集;An Essay on Criticism 批评论;Windsor Forest温莎林;The Rape of the Lock卷发遇劫记;The Duncial 愚人志;Moral Essays道德论;An Essay on Man人论;Epistle to Dr Arbuthnot 与阿布斯诺博士书11、Henry Fielding亨利•菲尔丁1707-1754(英国现实主义小说的奠基者)剧本:The Coffeehouse Politician咖啡屋政客;Don Quixote in England堂•吉诃德在英国;The Historical Register for the Year历史记事长篇小说:The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews,and of His Friend Mr Abraham Adams约瑟•安德鲁传;The Life of Mr Jonathan Wild the Great 大伟人江奈生•魏尔德传;The History of Tom Jones,a Foundling汤姆•琼斯;Amelia阿美利亚12、Samuel Johnson塞缪尔•约翰生1709-1784 A Dictionary of the Engligh Language英语语言辞典;Lives of Poets诗人传;Vanity of Human Wishes人类欲望的虚幻;Rasselas拉塞勒斯名文:Letter to Lord Chesterfield给吉士菲尔伯爵的信13、Oliver Goldsmith哥尔斯密1728-1774 The Vicar of Wakefield威克菲尔德牧师传;The Citizen of the World世界公民;The Deserted荒村;She Stoops to Conquer屈身求爱;The Rivals情敌;The School for Scsanda造谣学校14、William Blake布莱克1757-1827 Poetical Sketches素描诗集;Songs of Innocence天真之歌;Songs of Experience经验之歌The French Revolution 法国革命;The Marriage of Heaven and Hell天堂与地狱的婚姻;America;Milton;Jerusalem名诗:London;The Tiger15、Robert Burns彭斯1759-1796 Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect 苏格兰方言诗集名诗:The Tree of Liberty自由村;Scots Wha-Hae苏格兰人;The Two Dogs两只狗;Holy Willie’s Prayer威利长老的祈祷;My Heart’s in the Highlands 我的心呀在高原;A Red,Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰;John Anderson约翰•安德生,My Jo;A Man’s A Man for A’That不管身在何处都须保持尊严;Robert Bruce’s March to Bannockburn16、William Wordsworth威廉•华兹华斯1770-1850 An Evening Walk黄昏漫步;Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集(与柯勒律治合编);Lucy Poems露西组诗(She Dwett Among the Untrodden Ways;To the Cuckoo杜鹃颂;I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud;The Solitary Reaper孤寂的刈麦人);Ode on Intimations of Immorality不朽颂;Ode to Duty义务颂;The Excursion远足;The Prelude序曲17、Samuel Taylor Coleridge柯勒律治1772-1834 Lyrical Ballads;The Fall of the Bastille巴士底狱的毁灭;The Rime of the Ancient Mariner老船夫;Kubla Khan忽必烈汗;Biographia Literaria文学传记18、Walter Scott瓦尔特•司各特1771-1832 诗:The Minstrlsy of the Scottish Border苏格兰边区歌谣集;Marimion玛里恩;The Lady of the Lake湖上夫人小说:Waverley威弗利;Guy Mannering盖•曼纳令;Rob Roy罗布罗伊;The Heart of Midlothian米德洛西恩监狱;Ivanhoe艾凡赫;Kenilworth坎尼尔华斯;Woodstock皇家猎馆;Queentin Durward昆廷•达沃19、Jane Austin简•奥斯丁1775-1817 Pride and Prejudice傲慢与偏见;Sense and Sensibility理智与情感;Emma爱玛;Mansfield Park曼斯菲尔德公园;Persuasion好事多磨;Northanger Abbey诺桑觉寺20、Charles Lamb查尔斯•兰姆1775-1834 Tales from Shakespeare莎士比亚故事集;Alburn Verses诗集;Essay of Elia伊利亚散文集(Dream Children梦中儿女;A Dissertation unpon Roast Pig烤猪论;Old China古瓷;New Year’s Eve除夕;The Praise of Chimney Sweepers扫烟囱童工赞;The Superannuated Man领取养老金的人;A Bachelor’s Complaint of the Behavior of Married People单身汉对结过婚的人的行为的抱怨)21、William Hazlitt威廉•赫兹里特1778-1830 Characters of Shakespeare’s Plays莎剧中的人物;A View of the English Stage英国舞台一瞥;Lecture on the English Poets论英国诗人;The Spirit of the Age时代精神;Sketches and Essays素描与随笔;Table Talk桌边文谈名文:On Familiar Style22、George Gordon Byron乔治•拜伦1788-1824 Hours of Idliness懒散的时刻;English Bords and Scottish Reviewers英国诗人与苏格兰评论家;Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage,Cantos I and II,Canto III 1818恰罗德•哈罗德游记;Ode to the Framers of the Frame-bill编织机法案编制者颂;Oriental Tales东方叙事诗(The Bride of Abydos阿比道斯的新娘;The Corsa海盗;The Siege of Corinth柯林斯之围);Manfred曼弗雷德;The Age of Bronze青铜世纪;Don Juan 唐•璜名诗:She Walks in Beauty;The Isles of Greece23、Percy Bysshe Shelley波西•比希•雪莱1792-1822 Queen Mab麦布女王;Prometheus Unbound解放了的普罗米修斯;Adonais阿东尼斯;The Cenci钦契;Song to the Men of England致英国人民;England in 1819;The Masque of Anarchy专制魔王的化装游行;Ode to the West Wind/a Skylark西风/云雀颂;A Defence of Poetry诗辩24、John Keats约翰•济兹1795-1821 Endymion恩底弥翁;Isabella伊莎贝拉;The Eve of Sanit Agnes圣爱尼节前夜;Ode on a Grecian Urn希腊古瓮颂;Ode to a Nightingale夜莺颂;To Autumn秋颂;Hyperion赫披里昂(未完成)25、Thomas Hood胡德1799-1845 The Song of the Shirt衬衫之歌;The Bridge of Sighs悲叹之桥;Miss Kilmansegg and Her Precious Leg基尔曼塞格小姐和她贵重的腿26、Ernest Jones琼斯1819-1869 小说:The Women’s Wrongs妇女们的委屈名诗:The Song of the Lower Class;The Song of the Future27、Afred Tennyson丁尼生1809-1892 Poems of Two Brothers壎篪;Timbuctoo 提姆巴克图;The Pricess公主;In Memoriam H H悼念哈拉姆;Maud毛黛;Enoch Arden伊诺克•阿登;Idylls of the King国王之歌名诗:Ulysses;The Eagle;Break,Break,Break28、Robert Browning 勃朗宁1812-1889 Paracelsus巴拉塞尔士;Strafford斯特拉福;Pippa Passes比芭走过;Dramatic Lyrics戏剧抒情诗;Dramatic Romances and Lyrics戏剧传奇与抒情诗(Home Thoughts;From Abroad;Prospice 向前看);Dramatic Personae登场人物;Men and Women男男女女29、Elizabeth Barrel Browning 1806-1861 Sonnets from the Portuguese葡萄牙十四行诗;The Cry of the Children30、Charles Dickens狄更斯1812-1870 The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club匹克威克外传;Oliver Twist奥利弗•退斯特;American Notes美国札记;Martin Chuzzlewit马丁•朱述尔维特;The Old Curiosity Shop老古玩店;Dombey and Son董贝父子;David Copperfield大卫•科波菲尔;Hard Times 艰难时世;A Tale of Two Cities双城记;Great Expectation远大前程31、William MakepeaceThackery萨克雷1811-1863 The Book of Snobs势利者集;Vanity Fair名利场;History of Pendennis潘丹尼斯的历史;The History of Henry Esmond亨利•艾斯芒的历史;The Newcomes纽可谟一家;The Virginians 弗吉尼亚人32、Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell盖斯凯尔1810-1865 Mary Barton玛丽•巴顿;Ruth露斯;Cranford克兰弗德;North and South北与南;Life of Charlote Bronte夏洛蒂勃郎特传33、Charlote/Emily/Anne Bronte夏洛蒂/爱米丽/安妮•勃郎特1816-1855 Jane Eyre简爱;Shirley雪丽/Wuthering Height呼啸山庄/Agones Grey艾格尼斯•格雷34、George Eliot爱略特1819-1880 Adam Bede亚当•贝德;The Mill on the Floss 弗洛斯河上的磨坊;Silas Marner织工马南;Middlemarch米德尔马契;Felix Holt,the Radical35、Thomas Carlyle卡莱尔1795-1881 Sartor Resartus衣裳哲学/旧衣新裁;The Life of Schiller席勒传;The French Revolution;Heroes and Hero-worship。
专八人文知识:语言学部分精选试题(附答案)

专八人文知识:语言学部分精选试题(附答案)专八人文知识:语言学部分精选试题本文是根据最新专八考试大纲针对人文知识的要求,从语言学内容精选出的考前自测试题。
1.Which of the following statements about language is NOT true?A. Language is a systemB. Language is symbolicC. Animals also have languageD. Language is arbitrary2.Which of the following features is NOT one of the design features of language?A. SymbolicB. DualC. ProductiveD. Arbitrary3.What is the most important function of language?A. InterpersonalB. PhaticC. InformativeD. Metalingual4.Who put forward the distinction between Langue and Parole?A. SaussureB. ChomskyC. HallidayD. Anonymous5.According to Chomsky, which is the ideal user's internalized knowledge of his language?A. competenceB. paroleC. performanceD. langue6.The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn't it?" is .A. informativeB. phaticC. directiveD. performative7.Articulatory phonetics mainly studies .A. the physical properties of the sounds produced in speechB. the perception of soundsC. the combination of soundsD. the production of sounds8.The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in .A. the place of articulationB. the obstruction of airstreamC. the position of the tongueD. the shape of the lips9.Which is the branch of linguistics which studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription?A. PhoneticsB. PhonologyC. SemanticsD. Pragmatics10.Which studies the sound systems in a certain language?A. PhoneticsB. PhonologyC. SemanticsD. Pragmatics11.Minimal pairs are used to .A. find the distinctive features of a languageB. find the phonemes of a languageC. compare two wordsD. find the allophones of language/doc/5b8851066.html,ually, suprasegmental features include,length and pitch.A. phonemeB. speech soundsC. syllablesD. stress13.Which is an indispensable part of a syllable?A. CodaB. OnsetC. StemD. Peak14.Which is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content?A. WordB. MorphemeC. AllomorphD. Root15.Which studies the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed?A. MorphologyB. SyntaxC. PhonologyD. Semantics16.Lexeme is .A. a physically definable unitB. the common factor underlying a set of formsC. a grammatical unitD. an indefinable unit17.Which of the following sounds does not belong to the allomorphs of the English plural morpheme ?A. [s]B. [iz]C. [ai]D. [is]18.All words contain a .A. root morphemeB. bound morphemeC. prefixD. suffix19.The relationship between "fruit" and "apple" isA. homonymyB. hyponymyC. polysemyD. synonymy20.The part of the grammar that represents a speaker's knowledge of the structure of phrases and sentences is called .A. lexiconB. morphologyC. syntaxD. semantics21.Which of the following items is not one of the grammatical categories of English pronouns?A. genderB. numberC. caseD. voice22.The pair of words "lend" and "borrow" areA. gradable oppositesB. relational oppositesC. co-hyponymsD. synonyms23."Big" and "Small" are a pair of opposites.A. complementaryB. gradableC. completeD. converse24.In the following conversation:- Beirut is in Peru, isn't it?- And Rome is in Romania, I suppose.The second person violates theA. Quantity MaximB. Quality MaximC. Relation MaximD. Manner Maxim25.The maxim of requires that a participant's contribution be relevant to the conversation.A. quantityB. qualityC. mannerD. relationCACAA, BDBAB, BDDBA, BCABC,DBBBD。
专业英语八级(人文知识)练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级(人文知识)练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)题型有: 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1.On which of the following streets is the financial centre of the U.S.10cated?A.Fleet Street.B.Downing Street.C.Wall Street.D.Baker Street.正确答案:C解析:华尔街是美国纽约曼哈顿南部一条大街的名字,长不超过1英里,宽仅11米,是美国主要金融机构的所在地,被誉为“西方的金融中心”。
其他三条街都在英国。
Fleet Street(舰队街)是英国报纸业较为集中的一条街,也是英国新闻界的代称。
Downing Street(唐宁街)是英国首相官邸及一些政府主要部门在伦敦的所在地。
Baker Street(贝克街)是伦敦西区的一条繁华街道。
小说家柯南·道尔(Sir Arthur Conar Dogle)塑造的人物福尔摩斯和华生医生曾于1881年至1904年居住在该街221B号(作者虚拟未来的地址)。
知识模块:人文知识2.The jury in the High Court of New Zealand is composed of ______ members.A.18B.16C.14D.12正确答案:D解析:新西兰高等法院陪审团由12位成员组成。
知识模块:人文知识3.Education in the U.K.is compulsory”for all children aged betweenA.5 and 16.B.8 and 17.C.6 and 15.D.7 and 19.正确答案:A解析:英国5到16岁的学生必须接受义务教育。
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2020年英语专八人文知识练习题2020年英语专八人文知识练习题
Part 1. Colonial America 殖民地时期的美国文学
Thomas Paine 托马斯·潘恩(1737-1809):
The Case of the Officers of Excise税务员问题;
Common Sense常识;
American Crisis美国危机;
Rights of Man:Downfall of Despotism人的权利:****体制的崩溃;
The Age of Reason理性时代
Philip Freneau 菲利普·弗伦诺(1752-1832):
The Rising Glory of America蒸蒸日上的美洲;
The British Prison Ship英国囚船;
To the Memory of the Brave Americans纪念美国勇士;
The Wild Honeysuckle野生的金银花;
The Indian Burying Ground印第安人殡葬地
Jonathan Edwards 乔纳森·爱德华(1702—1758):
The Freedom of the Will自由意志论;
The Great Doctrine of Original Sin defended伟哉原罪论辩;
The Nature of True Virtue 真美德的性质
Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林(1706-1790):
A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;
Po or Richard’s Almanack穷查理历书;
The Way to Wealth致富之道;
The Autobiography自传
Part 2. American Romanticism 美国浪漫主义文学
Washington Irving 华盛顿·欧文(1783-1859):
A History of New York纽约的历史——美国人写的第一部诙谐文学杰作;
The SketchBook见闻札记;
The Legend of Sleepy Hollow睡谷的传说——使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家;
Bracebridge Hall布雷斯布里奇田庄;
Talks of Travellers旅客谈;
The Alhambra阿尔罕伯拉
James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯·费尼莫尔·库珀(1789-1851):
The Spy间谍;
The Pilot领航者;
The Littlepage Manuscripts利特佩奇的手稿;
Leatherstocking Tales皮裹腿故事集:The Pioneer拓荒者;The Last of Mohicans最后的莫希干人;The Prairie大草原;The Pathfinder探路者;The Deerslayer杀鹿者。