摘要-农村地区中学生自行车伤害的干预研究2012-3-23

农村地区中学生自行车伤害的干预研究

摘要
目的：探讨农村地区中学生适宜而有效的自行车伤害的干预方法，以减少
自行车伤害行为的发生，进而为政府部门制定伤害预防策略提供科学依据。方法：
应用整群对照试验的方法，选取两个镇部分中学初一学生作为研究对象，以学校
为单位分为干预组和对照组，在进行自行车伤害发生率与认知程度问卷调查后，
给予干预组学生多种形式的宣传教育的干预活动，持续一年后，再次对干预组和
对照组进行包括自行车伤害发生率与认知程度的调查。对前后两次调查结果加以
比较，并运用SPSS17.0进行统计分析，评价自行车伤害干预效果。结果：尽管
干预组与对照组在干预前后自行车伤害发生率之间的差异没有统计学意义（χ
2
=2.800，P =0.094）；但进一步分析显示，干预组在干预前后学生自行车伤害发

生率之间的差异有统计学意义（χ2=8.137，P =0.004）。对照组在干预前后学生
自行车伤害发生率之间的差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.098，P =0.755）。干预前，
干预组与对照组学生自行车伤害发生率之间的差异无统计学意义（χ2=2.326，P
=0.127）。干预后，干预组与对照组学生自行车伤害发生率之间的差异有统计学
意义（χ2=13.409，P <0.001）。干预组学生在干预前后对于掌握道路交通安全知
识的差异有统计学意义，如：从干预前56.3％的学生知道“未满12周岁不能骑
自行车”的规定，干预后则提高到64.1％的学生知道该规定，而行为方面未发
现显著性改变。结论：宣传教育干预措施对农村中学生自行车伤害发生率降低及
道路安全知识、态度与认知提高方面有一定短期效果，其长期效果及切实行之有
效的预防策略和措施的确定有待于进一步的干预研究。

关键词：农村 中学生 自行车伤害 干预
Abstract
Objective:In this research,we tried to explore suitable and effective interventional
methods on bicycle-injuries fit for rural middle school students,in order to decrease
the occurance of bicycle-injuries,and then to provide scientific evidence for
government establishing strategies.
Method:We used the cluster controlled trial in this research.We chose the grade-one
students of some middle schools in two towns as the object of study,and then divided
them into intervention and comparison groups depending on different schools.After
carrying out the questionnaire survey on the incidence rate of bicycle-injuries and on
the level of cognition,we afforded various types of propagandist and educational
activities,which lasted for a year, to the intervention group.One year later,we carried
out the questionnaire survey on the incidence rate of bicycle-injuries and on the level
of cognition again on the two groups.At last,we compared the results of two surveys
and then conducted the statistical analysis using SPSS 17.0 to evaluate the effect of
intervention.
Result:There is no statistical significance in the difference of incidence rate of
bicycle-injuries between the intervention and comparison groups(χ2=8.137，P
=0.004).But further study showed that there is statistical significance in the difference
of incidence rate of bicycle-injuries between before and after affording interventional
activities on students in the intervention group(χ2=8.137，P =0.004).Meanwhile,there
is no statistical significance in the comparison group(χ2=0.098，P =0.755).Before
interventional activities,there is no statistical significance in the difference of that
between the intervention and comparison groups(χ2=2.326，P =0.127).However,after
interventional activities,the difference became statistically significant(χ2=13.409，P
<0.001).Besides,in the intervention group,there is statistical significance in the
difference of mastering the knowledge of traffic safety between before and after the
interventional activities.For example,before the intervention,about 56.3% of students
know the rule that children who are younger than 12 years can never ride a bike.And
the proportion raised to 64.1% after the intervention.Unfortunately,there is no obvious
changes in the activities.
Conclusion:There is some short term effect for the propagandist and educational
activities in decreasing the incidence of bicycle-injuries and improving the knowledge,
attitude and cognition of traffic safety.But the long term effect of them and the
confirm of effective prevention strategy still needs further research.
Keywords:rural area;middle school students;bicycle-injuries;prevention