高级英语6 lesson1 课文的summary
高中英语北师大版高一上册《Unit6 Lesson1 A Matter of Taste》课件
• 5. What is Xu Beihong’s masterpiece?
Poppy 罂粟
(1946-2005) a famous oil painter
上海往事
(1864-1957) one of the top artists of the present age .
a horse running; on the left &right, drew in black ink to; used shades of grey …to show sweat; dark&light, favourite of,
Cabbag e
Poppy
the tiny insect, red, on back; black eyes (fixed on) show interest in
While reading
Task 1
Read quickly and check your answer.
While reading
Task 2
Please read the text then discuss the following questions with your parteners.
insect
fix one’s eyes on
elegantly dressed
eyesight
Look at the three paintings. Which one satisfies/suits your taste? Who painted the three paintings?
英语1-6单元summary
英语1-6单元summaryUNIT 1Active Reading 1The passage is mostly about the comparison between the collage in 1960s and now.First,the collage in 1960s was well-known for its student demonstrations and strikes, and also its atmosphere of political radicalism.It wasn't just the activism that characterized student life in the 1960s.Real freedom is another important factors for that their life.Well,let’s come back to college life nowaday s.College is seen as a kind of small town from which people are keen to escape. Instead of the heady atmosphere of freedom which students in the 1960s discovered, students today are much more serious. The gap between childhood and college has shrunk, and so has the gap between college and the real world.So,the author finally raise that he wishes that "Bliss was it in that dawn to be alive, but to be young was very heaven!" could be also true for college students now. UNIT 2Active Reading 1Empathy, originally known as motor mimicry, stemmed from physical imitation of others’ plight, which then evokes the same feelings in oneself. Children seem to feel sympathetic distress from infancy—much earlier than they realize they exist apart from other peopleBy one year old, they start to learn the pain is someone else’s but still seem confused about what to do. At around two and a half years, motor mimicry fades from toddlers’ repertoire when they are able to distinguish their own feelings from others’feelings, so they are able to use other mea ns to comfort others. At the same time, their sensitive to other’s emotional upsets begins to diverge from one to another.Active Reading 2《This is Sandy》the passage is an extract from T one, a story about the life of a deaf girl. She thinks her friends are honorable people who beam with pride when they introduce her to someone new. When people find out she is deaf they are mostly shocked for a moment at first but pretend not to be. Sandy says that the hearing aids she saw in a catalog are great fashion acc essories, they’re just like a clip you put onto your ear. Sandy likes to show her hearing aid. She doesn’t tie her hair up in a knot but she tucks it behind her ears. Sandy’s friend Carol introduces her to a boy called Colin at a party. They sit together on a couch and Colin realizes that Sandy can understand what he is saying by reading his lips.This is when the real drama begins.UNIT 3Active Reading 1Identity theft refers to stealing information about someone that makes it possible to use their bank account or credit card. With an informal and conversational tone the author persuades readers into actions against the threats of identity fraud in our daily life. According to the author we make the thieves’ job easy by leaving our mails unprotected, using ball pens for checks and forms, throwing documents containing our personal information in the trash, leaving our computer on and so on. So we should look for different ways to protect ourselves and change our mindset.Identity crime is very likely to happen at any time, to any of us. We can take precautions to improve the chances of avoidingthis crime, though it will never go away.Active Reading2The writer tries to create a feeling of fear in order to warn readers of the threat involved in the ever-increasing amounts of data on people being collected. With various stylistic devices, the writer leads readers along his thought-path step by step to the point that collecting personal information places people in peril because wedon’t know who collects it for what purposes. And neither do we know where the information goes and how it is used. According to the writer, identity theft is much feared in society but there are worse things than that. And the danger is growing though it is vague, not certain. There is no balance yet between the convenience of the world and the peril that we sense in the presence of all that information in the databases which can be employed as a weapon as well as a tool.UNIT 4Active Reading 1What exactly is news? The objective importance and the historical, international significance of an event is not enough. It is the odd, unexpected and human nature that made news like 9/11 memorable and newsworthy. So is immediacy which refers to the nearness of the event in time.When it comes to immediacy, those media like TV, radio and Internet have an enormous advantage over the press. However, no matter what form it may take, all the media more or less covertly, influence the public. That is the so- called power of the media.In the new millennium, maybe the press or TV are not going to disappear overnight, but the power of the media may beeroded or at least devolved to ordinary people.Active Reading 2All over the English-speaking world, newspaper circulation has been confronted with a long-term trend of decline. The decline comes much from the challenge of internet and the negative environmental impact of newspaper industry. The challenge of internet mainly focuses on its attraction to readers and minute-by-minute ads monitoring syste m. But maybe the newspaper won’t die without struggle. Besides its convenience over laptop, the demand for local news and the exploitation of lifestyle journalism will create new revenue streams. And more interestingly, the ritual of reading the newspaper has become a hard habit to break. UNIT 5Active Reading 2To escape from Nazi persecution of the Jews, Anne and her family members emigrated from Germany to Holland. However, in 1940 the Germans invaded, and occupied Holland.To avoid being persecuted,Anne’s family went into hiding in the secret annexe.Under such harsh circumstances, Anne continued to write her diary, which she started a few weeks before they moved to the hiding. Her diary was the account of the day-to-day activity in the annexe –the suffering, but her dreams and aspirations were still there. The diary voiced a declaration of her principles and of the right to human dignity so profoundly that it was viewed as the voice of Holocaust.In August 1944,the hiding place was stormed, and Nazi officers arrested everyone.They were taken to concentration camps.UNIT 6Active Reading 1Standing at the vast and beautiful Stadium Australia, I was tense and excited. The feeling was fantastic since I was so close to my childhood dream. I tried to concentrate on the crowd and felt unified with them. The first lap was good but mental and physical fatigue were starting to crush me on the second lap. I kept telling myself: “tw o minutes, one more lap towards being the Olympic champion”. As I crossed the line I w as sure that I’d just made it. But negative thoughts lingered in my mind. When I saw my name in lights, I felt a tingle through the whole of my body. It was the moment that will stay with me for the rest of my life.Active Reading 2It is time to blow the whistle on the so-called beautiful game -- soccer. For one thing, it is a game of chance. Goals are the best illustration of the chance nature of this game. Ninety percent of goal shots failed. The scoring system is another evidence. Most finals, 0-0, 1-0, 2-1, indicate that games tend to be standoffs and it’s a matter of luck to be ahead when time runs out. For another, soccer is a sport in which strategies and regulations are so obscure. No universal interpretation can be found for offside rules. Besides, with only one referee on the field, most of the infractions-- pushing, punching, tripping, kneeing and so on-- are committed when he isn’t looking.。
英语选修六Unit1课文翻译
高二人教新课标选修6 unit 1 Art课文翻译 Reading 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. Atypical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evidentthat ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters likeGiotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions, as wellas their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in the wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. The impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern art (20th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are sorealistic that they look like photographs. They styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future? 西方绘画艺术简史 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
高级英语Lesson 6 Mark Twain课文翻译
Lesson 6 Mark Twain ---Mirror of America马克.吐温--美国的一面镜子(节选) 诺埃尔.格罗夫Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed,this nation's best-loved author was every bit as ad-venturous,patriotic,romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined.I found another Twain as well–one who grew cynical,bitter,saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him,a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race,who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克•吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克•费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆•索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克•吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克•吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
Tramp printer,river pilot,Confederate guerrilla,prospector,starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic:The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life,digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer.He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days,signaling two fathoms (12feet)of water--a navigable depth.His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print,and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克•吐温原名塞缪尔•朗赫恩•克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
高级英语6--Lesson 1--Pilosophers Among the Carrots
If … I thought smugly smugly: 自鸣得意地 explicitly sarcastic: “So you see for the knowledge which I have acquired from college and which I can feel proud of, I feel the need to thank Women’s Lib. Don’t you think I owe Women’s Lib some loyalty?” “that significant analogy” refers to the analogy between energy and food, both of which descend in scale.
“eruditely”, erudite (learned, scholarly) erudite: showing profound and systematic knowledge (博学的), e.g. an erudite professor satirical, demonstrating the helpfulness of her education in an ironic way. The writer’s pausing to pour some of her soup into the cat’s bowl is cited as an example of how matter descends in scale — from human food to cat food.
Every detail of her application following this decision eventually goes from the sublime to the ridiculous, creating a series of comic situations in which profound idealism is faced with the dull daily work of a “family manager”. The fact that she seems able to make any of her domestic situations justifiable by one philosopher or another is also satirical in itself. The jocular (/ /, 诙 谐 的 ) effects she produces are only intended to amuse the reader and to poke fun at the ideals held up by women’s Lib.
选修六Unit1-课文翻译及要点
选修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING西方绘画艺术简史Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. 艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。
Styles in Western arthave changed many times. 西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。
As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text.由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。
Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。
The Middle Ages (5thto the 15th century AD) 中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. 在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。
A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。
A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love forGod. 那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。
高级英语6lesson1课文的summary
高级英语6lesson1课文的summary第一篇：高级英语6 lesson1课文的summarySummary of Sexism in SchoolAccording to Myra and David Sadker, many people believe classroomsexism was gone already, but actually it still exists in school: boys still get more attention than girls do in classroom.Based on some reliable investigation and bountiful evidence, readers can easily know that teachers' sexist attitudes towards students do exist and it can directly affect students' progress in learning.It can be found that boys get more than their fair share of teacher attention, while girls just sit and keep quiet.Besides, the sexism withfar-reaching harmful effects also exists in work place.Then the authors make a recommendation that teachers getting trained can establish equity in classroom, which turns out to be effective according to the study.Finally, the authors make a call for immediate action to remove sexism in school so that females can achieve equity in work world as well as in school.第二篇：英语summaryFate is sometimes not very kind to policemen like myself.Take as an example the recent trial in which I was involved.When I arrested the young lad I had felt sure he was guilty I had been following him around for a couple of hours and he conduct himself suspiciously.He had been wandering about and it seemed to me that he was looking for an opportunity to steal.When I arrested him, his casual manner only served to confirm my suspicions.I thought I had at last caught the thief who had been troubling the area for so long.However, my joy was onlytemporary.When I saw the brilliant solicitor the boy's father had hired to defend him, I knew we didn't stand a chance.It turned out that the boy was simply a student who was looking for temporary employment before going to university.If only he had been a bit more helpful when we arrested him, he could have saved us all a lot of time and trouble.It's enough to make one turn against students!Despite the vast amount of data available for us to download from the worldwide web, we still face a problem in how to make the best use of it.Data on its own has its limitations.It is only when nature is exposed to fruitful questions that we can hope to uncover her secrets.The evolution of science shows this clearly, with many of the most notable discoveries relying on the ability to view matters rather than simply gathering more facts.In short, half the answer lies in thinking up the right question.T o my mind, in any analysis of the professions, few can match teaching.One needs to be energetic, certainly, for occasionally it seems one hardly has time to catch his breath.It can mean staying up late in order to get lessons prepared on time.Nonetheless, I am convinced that the work is more stimulating than that of my administrative colleagues.I certainly would not wish to switch, even though the pay is higher.With teaching, the pace of life is more varied, allowing greater time for reflection and research.Yet most of all it is the chance to see the spark of a fresh idea taking hold in a student's mind that is the most rewarding aspect of the job, repaying all one's effortsIt is difficult not to be affected by the tale of Sarah Morris.While her physical conditions made it difficult to interpret her speech, from her writing it would be impossible to spot that she suffers from such a severe handicap.Writing slowly with thehelp of a pointer fastened to her head, her maximum writing speed is no more than eight words per minute.Yet she still manages to write extensively on the team she grew up following.Straining her neck in the gloom of her room, surrounded by her computer equipment and a TV set, she has managed to rise above her situation against all the odds.I recall that it was something of an embarrassment to have my son find me so upset on that Wednesday long ago.He had come home expecting to have the place all to himself, only to find me there, frantic with worry about losing my job.I had assumed that I could master typing in just a few sessions, but it took much longer than I had expected.Try as I might, it seemed I just could not catch on to it in time.I suppose I should have enrolled on a correspondence course, as I did when learning to run the nursery, but by then it was too late.I felt helpless and the tension at work was becoming too much to bear, so in the end I just had to accept defeat and change jobs.Not that I gave up wanting to type.I went on practicing and eventually mastered it.The medicines the doctor prescribed for me tasted horrible.They were supposed to bring down my temperature, but when I heard how high it was I was terrified.I thought I was certain to die.I just didn't see how I could possibly overcome the illness.I couldn't stop worrying about it.All day I just gazed into space, feeling miserable.The fever made me shiver and gave my face a flush I couldn't take an interest in anything and felt very detached from everything around me.I thought my father must know I was going to die, but had said nothing, wanting me to keep from thinking about it.Finally I could bear it no longer and asked him how much longer I could live.When he explained my mistake, all my worries slid away.Only then was I really able to take it easy.I am still tryingto figure out why we all behaved so badly on the night my neighbours tried to break into our family bomb shelter.It was frightening for us down there, hearing those we thought of as our friends heading for something to break down the shelter door.Even though we piled up all we could find against the door, I knew it would eventually give way.And it did.Should I hold it against them? After all, their reactions were born of fear and I would probably have behaved the same way in their shoes.Perhaps it would have been fairer to have drawn lots for who got to use the only shelter in the street, but I was never going to let that happen.I was as scared and selfish as the rest.It seems that underneath we are all more aggressive and greedy than we like to think.Many people are hostile to daydreaming, believing that it can interfere with the pursuit of success.They consider that daydreamers will never amount to much in their chosen careers.Recently, however, some experts have begun to argue that indulging in fantasy can have positive benefits.Daydreaming of success, they claim, can contribute to success.One technique they recommend is to picture yourself as you wish to be.Holding this vision clearly in your mind supposedly helps you make it come true.Of course, you should not neglect necessary study or work because daydreaming cannot substitute for hard work.Merely relying on daydreaming will not help you attain your goal.The beauty of the music was in sharp contrast with the reality of the lives led by the singers.Amid all their suffering, a group of Jewish prisoners had found the courage to stage performances of Verdi's Requiem.Despite the difficulties and dangers, they threw themselves enthusiastically into rehearsals, which had to be kept a secret.An additional difficulty was that they had only one instrument, an oldharmonium.Their greatest triumph came when they performed before an audience containing the infamous Nazi official, Adolf Eichmann.Their voices swelled with passion as they threw in the faces of the Nazis words which sang of how they would have to pay for their crimes.If we look at the process of innovation, we will see how technology feeds on itself, accelerating the pace of technological advance in our own times.Technological innovation is comprised of three stages: invention, application and diffusion.One of the most important characteristics of advanced technology today is the fantastic speed that occurs between each of these stages.For example, nowadays the time it takes to put ideas to work has been greatly reduced.The progress in transportation is a case in point.Likewise, the time between the application and diffusion stages has been radically shorted.This accounts for the acceleration of present-day technology.And this, in turn, generates more feasible ideas.What sort of future will this process conjure up for us? Will the pace of change exceed our ability to cope with it? Or is it one of our characteristics that we have an impressive ability to adapt to change, no matter how frequent?DictationOne of the ways you can encourage children to be creative is to talk things over rather than to give instructions or make a model when they ask for help.If you show a child how to draw a flower or a person, they will try to draw one just like yours.This can be frustrating because no matter how hard children try, their pictures will not be as “good” as yours because they do not have the skill that you have.Chances are that children will compare the two pictures and not be happy with their own.They may even decide not to try.Be creative yourself and think of waysto encourage children's creativity.Baseball is America's national sport, played mainly by men.It developed in the mid 19th century from the British games of rounders and cricket.Baseball is also popular in Japan and several Latin American countries, and has been an Olympic sport since in 1972.Softball is similar but uses a large, softer ball and is popular with women.Many Americans play baseball for fun because players do not have to be strong like football players or tall like basketball players.Some people think baseball is too slow, but the team managers often change their players and plans during the game, and there are many exciting plays.Many American families enjoy going to a Sunday afternoon double-header, that is, two games between the same two teams in one day.The Terezin concentration camp was established by the Nazis in an 18th century fortress in Czechoslovakia on November 24, 1941.More than 150,000 Jews passed through the camp during its four-year existence, which was used as a holding area for eventual murder in Auschwitz.By 1943, rumors began circulating in the international community that the Nazis were exterminating Jews in gas chambers, and that the conditions of the concentration camps did not permit survival.The Nazis rebuilt parts of this camp to serve as a “showpiece” for propaganda purposes.Flowers were planted there.Shops, schools, and a cafe were built.When an investigating commission of the International Red Cross came to visit, they did not see a typical concentration camp.In July 1944 the Nazis made a documentary propaganda film about life in this camp.After the movie was completed, most of the Jewish “actors” were shipped to their death at Auschwitz.第三篇：高级英语课文翻译课文翻译Once again, outside in the open air, I tore into little pieces a small notebook with questions that I'd prepared in advance for inter views with the patients of the atomic ward.Among them was the question: Do you really think that Hiroshima is the liveliest city in Japan? I never asked it.But I could read the answer in every eye.从医院出来，我又一次地撕碎了一个小笔记本，那上面记着我预先想好准备在采访原子病区的病人时提问的一些问题，其中有一个问题就是：你是否真的认为广岛是日本最充满活力的城市?我一直没问这问题，但我已能从每个人的眼神中体会出这个问题的答案。
高级英语课文修辞总结
高级英语课文修辞总结（1-7课）第一课Face to Face With Hurricane CamilleSimile:1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire)2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train)Metaphor :1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea)2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.)Personification :1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)2. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumpedit 3 1/2miles away. (The hurricane acted as a very strong man lifting something very heavy and dumping it 3 1/2 miles away.). Ⅺ.Elliptical and short simple sentences generally increase the tempo and speed of the actions being described. Hence in a dramatic narration they serve to heighten tension and help create a sense of danger and urgency. For examples see the text, paragraphs 10-18 and 21-26.Lesson 2 Hiroshima—the “Liveliest” City in Japan“Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”. (anticlimax)…as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop...…whe re thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony.At last this intermezzo came to an end…But later my hair began to fall out , and my belly turned to water .I felt sick ,and ever since then they have been testing and treating me .(alliteration)Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others.Hiroshima—the “liveliest” city in JapanI felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me.The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skycrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima wasrepeated .(synecdoche)Was I not at the scene of the crime? (rhetorical question) Lesson 3 BlackmailMetaphor:...the nerves of both ... were excessively frayed...his wife shot him a swift, warning glance.The words spat forth with sudden savagery.Her tone ...withered......self-assurance...flickered...The Duchess kept firm tight rein on her racing mind.Her voice was a whiplash.eyes bored into himI’ll spell it out.Euphemism:...and you took a lady friend.Metonymy:won 100 at the tableslost it at the barthey'll throw the book,...Onomatopoeia:appreciative chuckleclucked his tongueLesson 41) The trial that rocked the world (hyperbole)2) Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder (transferred epithet)3) The case had erupted round my head (synecdoche)4) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted (ridicule)5) and it is a mighty strong combination (sarcasm)6) until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century (irony)7) There is some doubt about that.(sarcasm)8) "The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below"(antithesis)9) "His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world." (hyperbole)10) Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fanlike a sword to repel his enemies. (ridicule，simile)11) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.(ridicule)12) Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, "victorious defeat. " (oxymoron )第五课The many metaphors and similes in the essay are largely ap propritately used in describing the ugliness of Westmoreland County.For example, in para. 3 the metaphor of comparing the houses there to pigs wallowing in the mud~ the metaphor in the same para. of comparing the patches of paint to dried up scales formed by a skin disease~and the simile in para. 2 as shown in the sentence "one blinks ... shot away", the sim ile in the same para. as shown in the sentence "a steel stadi um ~ -- the line", just to mention a few. Hyperboles are profusely used in the essay. They are mostly very effective in conveying what the author had to say.In para. 1, we read the sentence "Here was wealth ... alley cats", exaggerating the richness and grandeur of this region and of America as a whole, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earthin para. 5 we read "It is as if ... of them", which implies exaggeratedly that it is as if some genius of great power, who didn' t like to do the right things and who was an inflexible enemy of man, em ployed all the cleverness and skill of hell to build these ugly houses;and again in para. 2 there is the sentence "What al lude to " in sight", which suggests an exaggeration that is hard to believe. Not every house could have been that ugly.Lesson 6 Mark Twain --- Mirror of AmericaMetaphor:Mark Twain --- Mirror of Americasaw clearly ahead a black wall of night...main artery of transportation in the young nation's heartAll would resurface in his books...that he soaked up... When railroads began drying up the demand......the epidemic of gold and silver fever...Twain began digging his way to regional fame...Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles...Simile:Most American remember M. T. as the father of......a memory that seemed phonographicHyperbole:...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...The cast of characters... - a cosmos.America laughed with him.Personification:...to literature's enduring gratitude...the grave world smiles as usual...Bitterness fed on the man...America laughed with him.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.Antithesis:...between what people claim to be and what they really are.. ...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land......a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever Euphemism:… a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy....men's final release from earthly struggleAlliteration...the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home ...with a dash and daring......a recklessness of cost or consequences...Metonymy...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxeLesson 7 Everyday Use for your grandmama“Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s”. Wangerosaid ,laughing .(ironic)“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?”(simile)…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blo use…After I tripped over it two or three times he toldme …(metaphor)And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (exaggeration)Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. (simile)Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car ,sidle up to someone who is ignorant enough to be kind of him?(metaphor) I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out .(exaggeration)Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. (simile)It is like an extended living room. (simile)Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. (simile)She gasped like a bee had stung her.(simile)Wangero said, sweet as a bird. (simile)Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye? (rhetorical question)You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood .(metaphor)。