怎样写英语文章的简短概括 summary

该篇文章：第一人称说的话在缩写中转换成第三人称 ，从而把大段的对白简化。
总结
摘要写作是一种控制性的作文形式，读者吸 收原文的文章结构与语言方面的长处，写出内容一 致、结构近似、语言简洁的短文。
另外，能够培养读者抓住文章重点，在实际 写作中避免面面俱到，事无巨细，一一罗列的不良 倾向。
这种写作既要准确理解原文，又要能综合概 括；既能培养欣赏能力，又能训练书面表达能力。
Christmas after my dTaougmhytear mJeaszseicmaewnats born, I returned
with my family. 6) ____________________, on the floor
besmidyedathueghdtreers’sseedr usctoaotidonthe old pickle jar again. I reaaliczeodntinuimtyy father was saving for 7) _____________________________. The jar shows 8)
可以概括为： ”She brought home a lot of books to read in
vacation.”
Writing skills
7.使用最短的连接词。 比 如 ， 可 以 使 用 but, then, thus, yet,
though，不能使用at the same time, in the first place, on the other hand等较长的连接 词。
Writing a summary
Introduction of a summary Procedures of summary writing Writing skills
What is a Summary?
A summary is a shortened version, in your own words, of something you have read .
The writer tries to solve the problems: joining many clubs and societies to make more friends, talking to Mum on the phone to get some comfort and advice.
可以概括为：“He has Money problems.”
Writing skills
5.你可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。请看下面的例子：
“Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.”
可以概括为： ” She brought home a lot of books to read in vacation.”
Writing skills
“She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vacation.”
➢ 尽可能用自己的话来写,但不排斥用原文的某些词句；
➢摘要必须全面、清晰地表明原文所载的信息,以便你的读者不需翻 阅原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意；
➢草稿拟好以后,对它进行修改。首先, 看摘要中的重要观点有没有 遗漏，是否与原文中的完全一致.其次,如果摘要中出现了不必要的 细节, 删除它们，看是否符合规定的词数要求。第三,检查拼写、语 法和标点符号的错误，最后,保持语言简单明了。
6.使用概括性的名词代替具体的词，
比如： “She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vacation.”
可以概括为：
Mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by a few people, but today by many, due to better wages, paid holidays, and better services.”
Writing skills
Once, while visiting my parents, I found the pickle jar was gone. 4) ___A__lu_m__p__ro_s_e____ in my throat, because the
pickdleeterjmarinahtiaodn, ptearuseghvteramncee atnhde favitahlues of 5) ______________________________________. The first
Example ：
As far back as I can remember, the large pickle jar sat on the floor beside the dresser in my parents’ bedroom. When Dad got ready for bed, he would 1) __e_m__p_ty__h_is_p__o_c_k_e_ts__ and toss his coins into the jar. When the jar was full, the coins were 2) ___s_ta_c_k_e_d__n_e_a_tlyin a small cardboard box and taken to the bank. The money were for 3) ___m__y_c_o_l_le_g_e__f_u_n_d__. The years passed, and I finished college and took a job in another town.
All one has to do is to give a brief account of the author’s exact meaning.
一个总结不包括你自己对你所读的东西的看法。 它用最简洁的语言概括了原文的主题。
Features of a summary
Brevity
简洁
Objectivity 客观
____________ of family values for a new generation.
Writing skills
缩写时可以采用下列几种小技巧：
1.删除细节，只保留主要观点。
2.选择一至两个例子。原文中可能包括5个或更多的 例子，你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。
3.把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。如果材料中 描述某人或某事用了十个句子，那么你只要把它们变成 一两句即可。
Completeness 全面
Procedures of summary writing
1. Reading 2. Writing 3. Revision
➢ 认真阅读给定的原文材料，一遍不能理解就多读两遍，使理解更深 刻；
➢ 找出每一个主要段落的主题句。主题句往往出现在文章的开头或结 尾；
➢ 遵循原文的逻辑顺序，简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、例证 等你认为对概括缩写重要的东西；
8.文章中的第一人称说的话通常在缩写中转换 成第三人称，从而把大段的对白简化，比如： A Diary of a Fresher
Example ：
The writer describes the first few days of university life in the diary with a casual, informal style full of humor and exaggeration. As a fresher, the writer has many problems: feeling lonely and lost, not having a good appetite for the food in the dining hall, feeling not as intelligent and knowledgeable as others; not knowing how to take notes and how to wash clothes. Besides, her dormitory looks very small. The tutor seems unfriendly and uncaring. The library rules are too strict.
It reproduces the theme of the original with as few words as possible. 一个总结是用你自己的话概括压缩你读的东西。 是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单陈述。
A summary does not include your own opinions about what you read.