(完整版)英语考试试题讲解
（完整版）2018年英语三级考试试题及答案解析
（完整版）2018年英语三级考试试题及答案解析2018成⼈学⼠学位英语考试试题I. Reading comprehensionPassage 1Since its founding in 1948, McDonald's has grown from a family burger (汉堡包) stand to a global fast-food chain, with more than 30,000 locations in 118 countries. With 58 million daily customers worldwide, McDonald’s is now so ubiquitous around the globe that The Economist publishes a global ranking of currencies' purchasing power based on the prices charged at the local McDonald’s, called the Big Mac Index (巨⽆霸指数).That’s not to say that every nation carries the same menu items: choices vary widely depending on location. Some Asian locations serve fried shrimp in a Big Mac roll, while McDonald’s in India doesn’t serve beef at all, relying instead on burgers made from vegetables, rice and beans.Not everyone in the world has been happy to greet Ronald McDonald when he moves to town. Many see McDonald's as a symbol of American economic and cultural chauvinism (沙⽂主义), and European nations in particular have viewed American-style fast food as an insult to their national food. A French farmer, Jose Bove, became something of a national hero in 1999 after he and a group of people destroyed a McDonald's under construction to protest globalization and "bad food." The next year, a bomb exploded in a French McDonald’s, killing a 27-year-old employee. (76) (76)No one claimed responsibility.But regardless of whether you like their food or their policies, McDonald’s is still widely seen as one of the true pioneers of peaceful globalization.1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE.A. McDonald's was founded in 1948.B. McDonald’s has opened its restaurants in every city of the world.C. McDonald’s has over 30,000 locations in the world now.D. McDonald’s was very small in scale in the beginning.2. The word ubiquitous in Paragraph 2 is most likely to mean ____.A. very crowdedB. very deanC. existing everywhereD. occurring frequently3. From Paragraph 2, we can conclude that ____.A. McDonald’s designs its menu to suit the local peopleB. millions of young adults got their first job with McDonald’sC. the McDonald’s menu sticks to old-fashioned favorites such as the Big MacD. the low prices McDonald’s bring tens of millions of people through its doors every day4. What did Jose Bove and his people do in 1999 to protest against McDonald's?A. They organized a strike.B. They protested outside a McDonald’s.C. They refused to go to a newly-built McDonald’s.A. 1998B. 1999C. 2000D. 2001Passage 2Jim Thorpe was a Native American. He was born in 1888 in an Indian Territory （印第安⼈保护区）that is now Oklahoma. Like most Native American children then, he liked to fish, hunt, swim, and play games outdoors. (76)He was healthy and strong, but he had very little formal education. In 1950, Jim Thorpe was named the greatest American football player. He was also an Olympic gold medal winner. But Thorpe had many tragedies in his life.Jim had a twin brother who died when he was nine years old. By the time he was 16, his mother and father were also dead. Jim then went to a special school in Pennsylvania for Native American children. There, he learned to read and write and also began to play sports. Jim was poor, so he left school for two years to earn some money. During this time, he played on a baseball team. (77) The team paid him only $15 a week. Soon he returned to school to complete his education. Jim was a star athlete(运动员) in several sports, including baseball, running and football. He won many awards for his athletic ability, mainly for football. In many games, he scored all or most of the points for his team.In 1912, when Jim Thorpe was 24 years old, he became part of the U. S Olympic team. He competed in two very difficult events: the pentathlon and the decathlon. Both require great ability and strength. The pentathlon has five track and field events, including the long jump and the 1,500-meter race. The decathlon hasten track and field and filed events, with running, jumping, and throwing contests.People thought it was impossible for an athlete to compete in both the pentathlon and the decathlon. So everyone was surprised when Thorpe won gold medals in both events. When the King of Sweden presented Thorpe with his two gold medals, he said, “Sir, you are the greatest athlete in the world.” Thorpe was a simple and honest man. He just answered,“Thanks, King.”6. From the passage we learn that Jim Thorpe was born in ______.A. IndiaB. PennsylvaniaC. OklahomaD. Sweden7. According to the passage, most American Indian children loved all the following EXCEPT _____.A. fishingB. huntingC. swimmingD. singing8. Jim Thorpe started to play sports _____.A. before he was nine years old.B. when he was 16 years oldC. when he was 24 years oldD. before his parents passed away9. The word decathlon in paragraph 3 probably means _______.C. throwingD. ten track and field events10. Which of the flowing is NOT TRUE?A. In 1912, Thorpe went back to finish his college education.B. Thorpe won two gold medals in the 1912 Olympic Games.C. Thorpe once played on a baseball team for money.D. In 1950, Thorpe was named the greatest American football player.Passage 3It can be really frustrating(使⼈沮丧的) for an overweight person to go to a gym and work out with a positive attitude. All one has to do is walk by almost any nice gym and notice all the healthy, sweating, “skinny”members. Sometimes they stare at those of us who are , well, zaftig. It is easy to see the judgment behind their eyes. Who wants to put up with that?Many people are self-conscious of their bodies and feel isolated when joining workout classes or while exercising, especially if they are larger than most of the others in the group. Now the fitness industry is finally paying attention. Popular gyms are catering(迎合) to overweight and weight conscious customers by dedicating areas where the “skinny” people are not allowed.There are even gyms or programs that require members to be at least 50 pounds overweight to participate.Trainers recommended functional fitness as a practical goal, rather than six-pack abs(六块腹肌). (79)They often use text messages to stay in touch with customers. Often at these specialized gyms, the trainers are overweight themselves, or working on their own weight goals, and this can help those people with anxiety caused by poor body image. The equipment has been designed for use by larger people. Wider seats, more cushioning, no mirrors, and tinted(有⾊的) windows for privacy, are all important changes.(80) Hopefully these types of gyms will successfully grow in numbers in the future. The idea is a very simple and potentially popular one. If it helps those of us who are bigger exercise more and improve our fitness level, it’s a step in the right direction.11. The word zaftig in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.A. fatB. healthyC. friendlyD. polite12. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that ___________.A. most large gym chains really want members to show up frequentlyB. overweight people are often frustrated and pushed away by traditional gym industryC. regular gyms don’t accept overweight people to participate in their programsD. overweight people have to pay extra to work out in a gym13. What is the training goal in the gyms catering to overweight members?A. To achieve functional fitness.B. To build six-pack abs.C. To look like a fitness model.D. To be able to run long distances.B. Tinted windows are used to ensure extra privacy.C. There are larger mirrors on the walls.D. The training goals are more realistic.15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Improving Women’s Self-confidence through ExercisesB. The Traditional Gym Industry Is Losing Its CustomersC. The Fitness Industry Is Look for New DirectionsD. Specialization Gyms Designed for Overweight People16. When Bill came in, I ____ with my friends.A. will talkB. talkC. was talkingD. have talked17. John made her ____ him everything about her plan for the trip.A. to tellB. tellC. toldD. tells18. Lucy goes to school by bike every day, ____ she?A. doesB. doesn'tC. isD. isn't19. I can help ____ whether we should go without raincoats.A. wonderB. to wonderC. wonderingD. wondered20. Never in her life ____ in such an important party, where she saw so many pop stars.A. Lisa took partB. did Lisa take partC. Lisa was taken partD. was Lisa taken partB. thatC. whichD. whose22. I am not sure whether New York is ____ biggest city in ____ world or not.A. a; aB. a; theC. the; theD. the; a23. Believe it or not, Mike runs ____ than all the other boys in his class.A. fastB. fasterC. fastestD. more fast24. They left London for New York ____ the morning of September 10.A in B. on C. at D. of25. Jim can’t go to school today ____ his illness.A. in spite ofB. in front ofC. because ofD. far from26. With the____ of a computer, one can do what was impossible in the past.A. ageB. airC. aidD. aim27. I immediately __ Luke's father from the crowd because they two looked like each other so much.A. researchedB. recognizedC. reportedD. reduced28. A friendly relationship between two countries is often based on____ respect, trust and understanding.A. lovelyB. mutual29. Mr. Brown isn't in the office now, but you can ____ a message for him.A. giveB. handC. tellD. leave30. The boy gave an exciting ____ of his adventures on the island, which attracteda large audience.A. opinionB. ideaC. accountD. appearance31. Get in the car. There's enough ____ for you.A. roomB. seatC. spotD. area32. His face looks ____ but I can't remember where I met him.A. alikeB. familiarC. likeD. similar33. We must make ____ our minds where to go for our vacation this winter.A. outB. upC. forD. in34. China is rich in natural resources, but they are not evenly ____.A. dismissedB. contributedC. disturbedD. distributed35. Taken in time, the medicine can be quite ____.A. effective36. The ____ edition of the dictionary is far better than the previous ones.A. lateB. latelyC. latestD. lasting37. Big waves turned ____ the boat, causing many people to fall into water.A. upB. downC. inD. over38. On reaching home I discovered that I ____ my keys at the office.A. leftB. have leftC. was leftD. had left39. By the time she leaves the stage next month, she ____ for sixty years.A. will have performedB. has performedC. will be performingD. will perform40. I appreciated ____ to your school to give a lecture.A. to be invitedB. to have invitedC. having invitedD. being invited41. ____, follow the directions on the bottle carefully.A. When taken drugsB. When taking drugsC. When one takes drugsD. When to take drugs42. Mr. Smith____ be in the bookstore because I saw him in his office a moment ago.A. must not43. The plants would have grown all right if she ____ them properly.A. had wateredB. wateredC. has wateredD. waters44. All the evidence pointed to the conclusion ____ he was guilty.A. whichB. thatC. asD. so45. ____ she likes the present is not clear to me.A. IfB. WhatC. WhichD. WhetherIII. 挑错Identification.46.Fred, together [with] his friends, [are] planning a trip [to] the beach [at] the vacation.A B C D47.[Reading] the novel, he returned [to] the library [and] borrowed another [one].A B C D48. I [don't] feel like [going out] now: I'm not used [to have a walk] [after dark].A B C D49. I [don't know] what [was happened] [to him] when he went home [alone].A B C D50.We think [that] impossible [for] them [to work out] those math problems within [such] a short time.A B C D51.[It] is very important [for] the strong man [to know] that [whatever strong] he is he cannot be the strongest.A B C D52. I'm [still] unable [to] make myself [understand] in the discussion [which] worries me a lot.A B C D53. Though Dick is [five years old] this coming week, [but] he is [still] unable [to speak].A B C D55.The reason I [cannot] go [with] you is [because] I [am] really busy.A B C D四、完形填空Some people think of life as a game. There are similarities between life and games: both can be played, both have rules, and both turn out winners and losers. There are differences __56__ the two, however. Games make you __57__ away from life; the more you play, the less you pay __58__ to the more important things in life.In life, you get only one chance to play. When your life is over, the game is over. Life is not a game. Life is the __59__ thing. Life is unpredictable（不能预测的）; you can play it right and still __60__.Life is not always fair; one wrong move or one bad choice may __61__ too many such moves or choices in life. Take a chance with your life and it could be the last chance you get. Life isn't always fun, but it can be if you decide to make it that __62__.__63__, the advice is "Enjoy your life; take risks, but don't engage __64__ risky behavior." Think __65__the things you do and the things you shouldn't do. Don’t play with your life in the following points.Don't play with your safety. Don't ignore proven safety measures. Safety measures and safety equipment have one purpose: to __66__ you safe. _67__ your seat belt when you drive a car; wear a helmet（头盔）when you __68__ a motorcycle. Your safety is in your __69__.Don't play with money. You can make your money _70__ or you can throw it all away. Don't pay with a credit card if you don't have the money to pay __71__ the bill when it comes. Save some of your money. Think twice before __72__ a purchase, no matter how __73__ it is. Skip (省去) the cup of coffee or the can of soda each day, and save the money you would have spent. In just a few years, you will have saved thousands of dollars. Save more, and you'll have more. The habits you __74__ today will affect you financially for the rest of your life. Learn how to __75__ your money.56. A. beyond B. besides C. between D. among57. A. engage B. turn C. change D. think58. A. attention B. resistance C. importance D. vacation59. A. proud B. short C. false D. real60. A. lose B. succeed C. pass D. earn61. A. awake B. permit C. cause D. arise62. A. energy B. trip C. hope D. way63. A. Besides B. Thus C. Also D. But64. A. at B. out C. in D. to65. A. about B. with C. beside D. down66. A. turn B. keep C. gain D. reach67. A. fasten B. prevent C. pretest D. resist68. A. get B. sit C. move D. ride69. A. gloves B. areas C. hands D. sights70. A. intend B. shorten C. grasp D. grow71. A. at B. for C. with D. out72. A. make B. take C. making D. taking73. A. small B. short C. high D. big74. A. develop B. extend C. instruction D. offendV. 翻译Translation:英译汉(76) He was healthy and strong, but he had very little formal education.(77) The team paid him only $15 a week.(78) No one claimed responsibility.(79) They often use text messages to stay in touch with customers.(80) Hopefully these types of gyms will successfully grow in numbers in the future. Answer:76. 他健康强壮，但是却⼏乎没受过正规教育。
2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试试题英语(一)试题及答案带解析
2024年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试试题英语(一)试题及答案带解析2023高二数学教案篇1【教学目标】知识目标：了解中心对称的概念,了解平行四边形是中心对称图形，掌握中心对称的性质。
能力目标：灵活运用中心对称的性质，会作关于已知点对称的中心对称图形。
情感目标：通过提问、讨论、动手操作等多种教学活动，树立自信，自强，自主感，由此激发学习数学的兴趣，增强学好数学的信心。
【教学重点、难点】重点：中心对称图形的概念和性质。
难点：范例中既有新概念，分析又要仔细、透彻，是教学的难点。
关键：已知点A和点O，会作点Aˊ，使点Aˊ与点A关于点O成中心对称。
【课前准备】叫一位剪纸爱好的学生，剪一幅类似书本第108页哪样的图案。
【教学过程】一.复习回顾七下学过的轴对称变换、平移变换、旋转变换、相似变换。
二.创设情境用剪好的图案，让学生欣赏。
师：这剪纸有哪些变换?生：轴对称变换。
师：指出对称轴。
生：(能结合图案讲)。
生：还有旋转变换。
师：指出旋转中心、旋转的角度?生：90°、180°、270°。
三、合作学习1、把图1、图2发给每个学生，先探索图1：同桌的两位同学，把两个正三角形重合，然后把上面的正三角形绕点O旋转180°，观察旋转180°前后原图形和像的位置情况，请学生说出发现什么?生(讨论后)：等边三角形旋转180°后所得的像与原图形不重合。
探索图形2：把两个平形四边形重合，然后把上面一个平形四边形绕点O旋转180°，学生动手后发现：平行四边形ABCD旋转180°后所得的像与原图形重合。
师：为什么重合?师：作适当解释或学生自己发现：∵OA=OC，∴点A绕点O 旋转180°与点C重合。
同理可得，点C绕点O旋转180°与点A重合。
点B绕点O旋转180°与点D重合。
点D绕点O旋转180°与点B重合。
2、中心对称图形的概念：如果一个图形绕一个点旋转180°后，所得到的图形能够和原来的图形互相重合，那么这个图形叫做中心对称(pointsymmetry)图形，这个点叫对称中心。
2023高考英语北京卷试卷带答案解析（完整版）
2023高考英语北京卷试卷带答案解析2023高考英语北京卷试卷带答案解析(完整版)2023北京高考英语听说考试满分50分，其他外语(非英语)听力考试满分30分，取两次听说(听力)考试的最高成绩与其他部分试题成绩一同组成外语科目成绩计入高考总分。
以下是小编汇总关于2023高考英语北京卷试卷带答案解析的相关内容，供大家参考!2023年北京市高考英语试卷第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was always timid(羞怯的). Being new to the school made me even ____1____ , so it was surprising I’d ____2____ to anyone around me. Now I was paying the price﹣to write a five﹣page es say on “Why I Should Not Talk in Class”. That would take all night!After I got home, though. I took my time petting the cat﹣postponing the pain.When I finally sat down to ____3____, I began with the reasons Ms Black would want to hear.Talking kept me and my neighbours from ____4____. One paragraph down; now what? I chewed on my pencil. Aha! What if talking were the first step towards life as a criminal? Without the education I was throwing away, I’d turn to theft and go to prison. When I got out, people would say, “She used to talk in class.” The pages began ____5____.But when mum got home from work, I was still ____6____, “Five pages! That’s impossible!”“Well, you’d better get back to work,” she said. “and Iwant to read it when you’re through.”Soon after dinner, I handed the essay to mum. I half expected a____7____﹣at least an “I hope you’ve learned your lesson”. ____8____, mum laughed and laughed as she read.The next day, when Ms Black read the essay to the class, everyone laughed. I could ____9____ they weren’t making fun of me: they laughed because I had the power to tell a funny story. My____10____ still needed some nudging(激发), but I did learn I wasn’t shy in print.1. A. freer B. shyer C. calmer D. happier2. A. nod B. point C. listen D. chat3. A. weep B. rest C. write D. read4. A. learning B. playing C. planning D. laughing5. A. standing out B. flying by C. breaking up D. checking in6. A. celebrating B. longing C. complaining D. warning7. A. lecture B. reason C. reward D. solution8. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Meanwhile D. Instead9. A. hope B. imagine C. tell D. predict10. A. patience B. confidence C. tolerance D. independence第二节(共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。
2020安徽高考英语试题答案逐题解析
2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷解析【本试卷重难点分析】A篇是一篇应用文，内容为景点信息提取。
题目难度低，定位原文即可找到答案。
B篇是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，长难句较多，26题有些难度，首先要认识四个选项。
C篇作为一篇说明文，句子和逻辑相对简单，但是有一些专有名词，其中28题题目需要一定的分析和理解，选项中的四个情感态度词也要认识，难度系数稍高。
D篇阅读难度较大，为科技类说明文，主要论述因为植物能给人类带来积极的影响，所以科学家通过改变植物的内部结构，使其能发光，从而节省资源。
其中一题为细节题，定位明显，但其余三题考察了推理判断题，主旨大意题，最佳标题题，考查类型齐全，难度较大，要求学生在有一定词汇量储备的基础上，分析长难句，理解透文章原意，容易失分。
七选五文章结构为常考类型，总体来说不难，基本考核点为上下文过渡句、段落主题句和段尾句，只要理解好文章主旨大意，掌握好上下文联系，合理分析关键词即可，其中38题需要学生精准掌握上下句之间的过渡关系，清晰分别干扰选项，抓取选项和文中合适关键词。
本篇完形填空难度中等偏上，是一篇夹叙夹议文，话题是家庭教育，难点主要体现在对句意的理解以及对上下文之间的逻辑把握，动词辨析，介词短语也要注意。
这就要求考生做题时在理解句意的基础上，考虑到文章的整体性，注意上下文的连贯和呼应。
学生的易错题可能集中在46，53，58题。
这次的语法填空遵循全国一卷的的标准，动词类考察较多，难度中等，考点都是平时比较常见的填空类型，其中64、67、68题为易错题。
本篇改错更加侧重动词的考查，8大词性都有涉及，整体上难度适中。
其中76题比较容易改错，需要考生足够细心且理解了文章大意，结合上下文的语境。
牢记改错题的考点分布，避免同一考点重复修改，而需要修改的错误却被遗憾地漏掉了。
第一部分听力（满分30分）听力（共20小题，每题1.5分，满分30分）参考答案：1-5：BCCAB6-10: ABACB11-15: BCACA16-20: CBAAC第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每题2分，满分30分）A【文章分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了旅游景点的相关信息。
2022年研究生入学考试英语一真题及解析
2022 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The idea that plants have some degree of consciousness first took root in the early 2000s; the term “plant neurobiology” was 1 around the notion that some aspects of plant behavior could be 2 to intelligence in animals. 3 plants lack brains, the firing of electrical signals in their stems and leaves nonetheless triggered responses that 4 consciousness, researchers previously reported.But such an idea is untrue, according to the authors of the new article. Plant biology is plex and fascinating, but it 5 so greatly from that of animals that so-called 6 of plants’ intelligence is inconclusive, the authors wrote.Beginning in 2006, some scientists have 7 that plants possess neuron-like cells that interact with hormones and neurotransmitters, 8 “a plant nervous system, 9 to that in animals,” said lead study author Lincoln Taiz, “They 10 claimed that plants have ‘brain- like mand centers’ at their root tips.”This 11 makes sense if you simplify the workings of a plex brain, 12 it to an array of electrical pulses; cells in plants also municate through electrical signals. 13 , the signaling in a plant is only 14 similar to the firing in a plex animal brain, which is more than “a mass of cells that municate by electricity,” Taiz said.“For consciousness to evolve, a brain with a threshold 15 of plexity and capacity is required,” he 16 . “Since plants don’t have nervous systems, the 17 that they have consciousness are effectively zero.”And what’s so great about consciousness, anyway? Plants can’t run away from18 , so investing energy in a body system which 19 a threat and can feel pain would be a very 20 evolutionary strategy, according to the article.1.[A] coined2.[A] attributed [B] discovered[B] directed[C] collected[C] pared[D] issued[D] confined3. [A] unless [B] when [C] once [D] though4. [A] coped with [B] consisted of [C] hinted at [D] extended5. [A] suffers [B] benefits [C] develops [D] differs6. [A] acceptance [B] evidence [C] cultivation [D] creation7. [A] doubted [B] denied [C] argued [D] requested8.[A] adapting9.[A] analogous [B] forming[B] essential[C] repairing[C] suitable[D] testing[D] sensitive10. [A] just [B] ever [C] still [D] even11. [A] restriction [B] experiment [C] perspective [D] demand12. [A] attaching [B] reducing [C] returning [D] exposing13. [A] However [B] Moreover [C] Therefore [D] Otherwise14. [A] temporarily [B] literally [C] superficially [D] imaginarily15. [A] list [B] level [C] label [D] local16. [A] recalled [B] agreed [C] questioned [D] added17. [A] chances [B] risks [C] excused [D] assumptions18. [A] danger [B] failure [C] warning [D] control19. [A] represents [B] includes [C] reveals [D] recognizes20. [A] humble [B] poor [C] practical [D] easySection II Reading prehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1People often plain that plastics are too durable. Water bottles, shopping bags, and other trash litter the planet, from Mount Everest to the Mariana Trench, because plastics are everywhere and don’t break down easily. But some plastic materials change over time. They crack and frizzle. They “weep” out additives. They melt into sludge. All of which creates huge headaches for institutions, such as museums, trying to preserve culturally important objects. The variety of plastic objects at risk is dizzying: early radios, avant-garde sculptures, celluloid animation stills from Disney films, David Bowie costumes, the first artificial heart.Certain artifacts are especially vulnerable because some pioneers in plastic art didn’t always know how to mix ingredients properly, says Thea van Oosten, a polymer chemist who, until retiring a few years ago, worked for decades at the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands. “It’s like baking a cake: If you don’t have exact amounts, it goes wrong,” she says. “The object y ou make is already a time bomb.”And sometimes, it’s not the artist’s fault. In the 1960s, the Italian artist Piao Gilardi began to create hundreds of bright, colorful foam pieces. Those pieces included small beds of roses and other items as well as a few dozen “nature carpets”—large rectangles decorated with foam pumpkins,cabbages, and watermelons. He warned viewers to walk around on the carpets—which meant they had to be durable.Unfortunately, the polyurethane foam he used is inherentl y unstable It’s especially vulnerable to light damage, and by the mid-1990s, Gilardi’s pumpkins, roses, and other figures were splitting and crumbling. Museums locked some of them away in the dark.So van Oosten and her colleagues worked to preserve Gilaid i’s sculptures. They infused some with stabilizing and consolidating chemicals. Van Oosten calls those chemicals “sunscreens” because their goal was to prevent further light damage and rebuild worn polymer fibers. She is proud that several sculptures have even gone on display again, albeit sometimes beneath protective cases.Despite success stories like van Oosten’s, preservation of plastics will likely get harder. Old objects continue to deteriorate. Worse, biodegradable plastics designed to disintegrate, are increasingly mon.And more is at stake here than individual objects. Joana Lia Ferreira, an assistant professor of conservation and restoration at the NOVA School of Science and Technology, notes that archaeologists first defined the great material ages of human history—Stone Age, Iron Age, and so on—after examining artifacts in museums. We now live in an age of plastic, she says, “and what we decide to collect today, what we decide to preserve... will have a strong impact on how in the future we’ll be seen.”21.According to Paragraph 1, museums are faced with difficulties in .[A]maintaining their plastic items[B]obtaining durable plastic artifacts[C]handling outdated plastic exhibits[D]classifying their plastic collections22.Van Oosten believes that certain plastic objects are .[A]immune to decay[B]improperly shaped[C]inherently flawed[D]plex in structure23.Museums stopped exhibiting some of Gilardi’s artworks to .[A]keep them from hurting visitors.[B]duplicate them for future display.[C]have their ingredients analyzed.[D]prevent them from further damage.24.The author thinks that preservation of plastics is .[A]costly[B]unworthy[C]unpopular[D]challenging25.In Ferreira’s opinion, preservation of plastic artifacts .[A]will inspire future scientific research[B]has profound historical significance[C]will help us separate the material ages[D]has an impact on today’s cultural lifeText 2As the latest crop of students pen their undergraduate application form and weigh up their options, it may be worth considering just how the point, purpose and value of a degree has changed and what Generation Z need to consider as they start the third stage of their educational journey.Millennials were told that if you did well in school, got a decent degree, you would be set up for life. But that promise has been found wanting. As degrees became universal, they became devalued. Education was no longer a secure route of social mobility. Today, 28 per cent of graduates in the UK are in non-graduate roles; a percentage which is double the average among OECD countries.This is not to say that there is no point in getting a degree, but, rather stress that a degree is not for everyone, that the switch from classroom to lecture hall is not an inevitable one and that other options are available.Thankfully, there are signs that this is already happening, with Generation Z seeking to learn from their millennial predecessors, even if parents and teachers tend to be still set in the degree mindset. Employers have long seen the advantages of hiring school leavers who often prove themselves to be more mitted and loyal employees than graduates. Many too are seeing the advantages of scrapping a degree requirement for certain roles.For those for whom a degree is the desired route, consider that this may well be the first of many. In this age of generalists, it pays to have specific knowledge or skills. Postgraduates now earn 40 per cent more than graduates. When more and more of us have a degree, it makes sense to have two.It is unlikely that Generation Z will be done with education at 18 or 21; they will need to be constantly up-skilling throughout their career to stay employable. It has been estimated that this generation, due to the pressures of technology, the wish for personal fulfilment and desire for diversity, will work for 17 different employers over the course of their working life and have five different careers. Education, and not just knowledge gained on campus, will be a core part of Generation Z’s career trajectory.Older generations often talk about their degree in the present and personal tense: “I am a geographer” or “I am a classist.” Their sons or daughters would never say such a thing; it’s as if they already know that their degree won’t def ine them in the same way.26.The author suggests that Generation Z should .[A]be careful in choosing a college[B]be diligent at each educational stage[C]reassess the necessity of college education[D]postpone their undergraduate application27.The percentage of UK graduates in non-graduate roles reflect .[A]Millennial’s opinions about work[B]the shrinking value of a degree[C]public discontent with education[D]the desired route of social mobility28.The author considers it a good sign that .[A]Generation Z are seeking to earn a decent degree[B]School leavers are willing to be skilled workers[C]Employers are taking a realistic attitude to degrees[D]Parents are changing their minds about education29.It is advised in Paragraph 5 that those with one degree should .[A]make an early decision on their career[B]attend on the job training programs[C]team up with high-paid postgraduates[D]further their studies in a specific field30.What can be concluded about Generation Z from the last two paragraphs?[A]Lifelong learning will define them.[B]They will make qualified educators.[C]Degrees will no longer appeal them.[D]They will have a limited choice of jobs.Text 3Exhilarating, challenging, enlightening, stimulating, inspiring, fun. These were some of the words that Nature readers used to describe their experiences of art-science collaborations in a series of articles on partnerships between artists and researchers. Nearly 40% of the roughly 350 people who responded to an acpanying poll said they had collaborated with artists; and almost all said they would consider doing so in future.Such an encouraging result is not surprising. Scientists are increasingly seeking out visual artists and designers to help them to municate their work to new audiences. “Artists help scientists reach a broader audience and make emotional connections that enhance learning,” one respondent said.One example of how artists and scientists have together rocked the senses came last month when the Sydney Symphony Orchestra in Australia performed a reworked version of Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons. They reimagined the 300-year-old score by injecting the latest climate prediction data for each season—provided by Monash University’s Climate Change munication Research Hub in Melbourne. The performance was a c reative call to action ahead of November’s United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow, UK.But a genuine partnership must be a two-way street. Fewer artists than scientists responded to the Nature poll; however, several respondents noted that artists do not simply assist scientists with their munication requirements. Nor should their work be considered only as an object of study. The alliances are most valuable when scientists and artists have a shared stake in a project, are able to jointly design it and can critique each other’s work. Such an approach can both prompt new research as well as result in powerful art.More than half a century ago, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) opened its Center for Advanced Visual Studies (CAVS) in Cambridge to explore the role of technology in culture. Its founders deliberately focused their projects around light—hence the ‘visual studies’ in the name. Light was a something that both artists and scientists had an interest in, and therefore could form the basis of collaboration As science and technology progressed, and divided into more sub-disciplines, the centre was simultaneously looking to a time when leading researchers could also be artists, writers and poets, and vice versa.Nature’s poll findings suggest that this trend is as strong as ever, but, to make a collaboration work, both sides need to be prepared to be surprised and challenged, to invest time in getting to know one another and to trust their different expertise. The reach of art-science tie-ups needs to go beyond the necessary purpose of research munication, and participants must not fall into the trap of stereotyping each other. Artists and scientists alike are immersed in discovery and invention, and challenge and critique are core to both, too.31.According to Paragraph 1, art-science collaborations have .[A]caught the attention of critics[B]received favorable responses[C]promoted academic publishing[D]sparked heated public disputes32.The reworked version of the Four Seasons is mentioned to show that .[A]art can offer audiences easy access to science[B]science can help with the expression of emotions[C]public participation in science has a promising future[D]art is effective in facilitating scientific innovations33.Some artists seem to worry that in the art-science partnership .[A]their role may be underestimated[B]their reputation may be impaired[C]their creativity may be inhibited[D]their work may be misguided34.What does the author say about CAVS?[A]It was headed alternately by artists and scientists.[B]It exemplified valuable art-science alliances.[C]Its projects aimed at advancing visual studies.[D]Its founders sought to raise the status of artists.35.In the last paragraph, the author holds that art-science collaborations .[A]are likely to go beyond public expectations[B]will intensify interdisciplinary petition[C]should do more than municating science[D]are being more popular than beforeText 4The personal grievance provisions of the Employment Relations Act 2000 (ERA) prevent an employer from firing an employee without good cause. Instead, dismissals must be justified. Employers must both show cause and act in a procedurally fair way.Personal grievance procedures were designed to guard the jobs of ordinary workers from “unjustified dismissals”. The premise was that the mon law of contract lacked sufficient safeguards for workers against capricious or arbitrary conduct by management. Long gone are the days when a boss could simply give an employee contractual notice.But these provisions create difficulties for businesses when applied to highly paid managers and executives. As countless boards and business owners will attest, constraining firms from firing poorly performing, high-earning managers is a handbrake on boosting productivity and overall performance. The difference between C-grade and A-grade managers may very well be thedifference between business success or failure. Between preserving the jobs of ordinary workers or losing them. Yet mediocrity is no longer enough to justify a dismissal.Consequently—and paradoxically—laws introduced to protect the jobs of ordinary workers may be placing those jobs at risk.If not placing jobs at risk, to the extent employment protection laws constrain business owners from dismissing underperforming managers, those laws act as a constraint on firm productivity and therefore on workers’ wages. Indeed, in “An International Perspective on New Zealand’s Productivity Paradox” (2014), the Productivity mission singled out the low quality of managerial capabilities as a cause of the country’s poor productivity growth record.Nor are highly paid managers themselves immune from the harm caused by the ERA’s unjustified dismissal procedures. Because employment protection laws make it costlier to fire an employee, employers are more cautious about hiring new staff. This makes it harder for the marginal manager to gain employment. And firms pay staff less because firms carry the burden of the employment arrangement going wrong.Society also suffers from excessive employment protections. Stringent job dismissal regulations adversely affect productivity growth and hamper both prosperity and overall wellbeing.Across the Tasman, Australia deals with the unjustified dismissal paradox by excluding employees earning above a specified “high-ine threshold” from the protection of its unfair dismissal laws. In New Zealand, a 2016 private members’ Bill tried to permit firms and high-ine employees to contract out of the unjustified dismissal regime. However, the mechanisms proposed were unwieldy and the Bill was voted down following the change in government later that year.36.The personal grievance provisions of the ERA are intended to .[A]punish dubious corporate practices[B]improve traditional hiring procedures[C]exempt employers from certain duties[D]protect the rights of ordinary workers37.It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that provisions may .[A]hinder business development[B]undermine managers’ authority[C]affect the public image of the firms[D]worsen labor-management relations38.Which of the following measures would the Productivity mission support?[A]Imposing reasonable wage restraints.[B]Enforcing employment protection laws.[C]Limiting the powers of business owners.[D]Dismissing poorly performing managers.39.What might be an effect of the ERA’s unjustified dismissal procedures?[A]Highly paid managers lose their jobs.[B]Employees suffer from salary cuts.[C]Society sees a rise in overall wellbeing.[D]Employers need to hire new staff.40.It can be inferred that the “high-ine threshold” in Australia .[A]has secured managers’ earnings[B]has produced undesired results[C]is beneficial to business owners[D]is difficult to put into practicePart BDirections:Read the following text and choose the correct summarizing statement for each person's opinion. There are two extra choices. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)(41)Teri ByrdI am a zoo and wildlife park employee for years. Both the wildlife park and zoo claimed to be operating for the benefit of the animals and for conservation purposes. This claim was false. Neither one of them actually participated in any contributions whose bottom line is much more important than the condition of the animals.Animals despise being captives in zoos. No matter how you “enhance” enclosures, they do not allow for freedom, a natural diet or adequate time for transparency with these institutions, and it’s past time to eliminate zoos from our culture.(42)Karen R. SimeAs a zoology professor, I agree with Emma Marris that zoo displays can be sad and cruel. But she underestimates the educational value of zoos.The zoology program at my university attracts students for whom zoo visits were the crucial formative experience that led them to major in biological sciences. These are mostly students who had no opportunity as children to travel to wilderness areas, wildlife refuges or national parks. Although good TV shows can help stir children’s interest in conservation, they cannot replace the excitement of a zoo visit as an intense, immersive and interactive experience. Surely there must be some middle ground that balances zoos treatment of animals with their educational potential.(43)Greg NewberryEmma Marris’s article is an insult and a disservice to the thousands of passionate who work tirelessly to improve the lives of animals and protect our planet. She uses outdated research and decades-old examples to undermine the noble mission of organizations mitted to connecting children to a world beyond their own.Zoos are at the forefront of conservation and constantly evolving to improve how they care for animals and protect each species in its natural habitat. Are there tragedies? Of course. But they are the exception, not the norm that Ms. Marris implies. A distressed animal in a zoo will get as good or better treatment than most of us at our local hospital.(44)Dean GalleaAs a fellow environmentalist, animal-protection advocate and longtime vegetarian, I could properly be in the same camp as Emma Marris on the issue of zoos. But I believe that well-run zoos, and the heroic animals that suffer their captivity, do serve a higher purpose. Were it not for opportunities to observe these beautiful, wild creatures close to home, many more people would be driven by their fascination to travel to wild areas to seek out, disturb and even hunt them down.Zoos are, in that sense, akin to natural history and archaeology museums, serving to satisfy our need for contact with these living creatures while leaving the vast majority undisturbed in their natural environments.(45)John FraserEmma Marris selectively describes and misrepresents the findings of our research. Our studies focused on the impact of zoo experiences on how people think about themselves and nature, and the data points extracted from our studies do not, in any way, discount what is learned in a zoo visit.Zoos are tools for thinking. Our research provides strong support for the value of zoos in connecting people with animals and with nature. Zoos provide a critical voice for conservation and environmental protection. They afford an opportunity for people from all backgrounds to encounter a range of animals, from drone bees to springbok or salmon, to better understand the natural world we live in.A.Zoos which spare no effort to take care of animals should not be subjected to unfair criticism.B.To pressure zoos to spend less on their animals would lead to inhumane outes for the precious creatures in their care.C.While animals in captivity deserve sympathy. Zoos play a significant role in starting young people down the path of related sciences.D.Zoos save people trips to wilderness areas and thus contribute to wildlife conservation.E.For wild animals that cannot be returned to their natural habitats, zoos offer the best alternative.F.Zoos should have been closed down as they prioritize money making over animals’ well- being.G.Marris distorts our findings which actually prove that zoos serve as an indispensable link between man and nature.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Between 1807 and 1814 the Iberian Peninsula (prising Spain and Portugal) was the scene of a titanic and merciless struggle. It took p lace on many different planes: between Napoleon’s French army and the angry inhabitants; between the British, ever keen to exacerbate the emperor’s difficulties, and the marshals sent from Paris to try to keep them in check; between new forces of science and meritocracy and old ones of conservatism and birth. (46) It was also, and this is unknown even to many people well read about the period, a battle between those who made codes and those who broke them.I first discovered the Napoleonic cryptographic battle a few years ago when l was reading Sir Charles Oman’s epic History of the Peninsular War. In volume V he had attached an appendix, “The Scovell Ciphers.” (47) It listed many documents in code that had been captured from the French army of Spain, and whose secrets had been revealed by the work of one George Scovell, an officer in British headquarters. Oman rated Scovell’s significance highly, but at the same time, the general nature of his History meant that (48) he could not analyze carefully what this obscure officer may or may not have contributed to that great struggle between nations or indeed tell us anything much about the man himself. l was keen to read more, but was surprised to find that Oman’s appendix, published in 1914, was the only considered thing that had been written about this secret war.I became convinced that this story was every bit as exciting and significant as that of Enigma and the breaking of German codes in the Second World War. The question was, could it be told?Studying Scove ll’s papers at the Public Record Office (in Kew, west London) I found that he had left an extensive journal and copious notes about his work in the peninsula. What was more, many original French dispatches had been preserved in this collection. I realized at once that this was priceless. (49) There may have been many spies and intelligence officers during the Napoleonic Wars, but it is usually extremely difficult to find the material they actually provided or worked on.Furthermore, Scovell’s story involved much more than just intelligence work. His status in Lord Wellington’s headquarters and the recognition given to him for his work were all bound up with the class politics of the army at the time. His tale of self-improvement and hard work would make a fascinating biography in its own right, but represents something more than that. (50) Just as the code breaking has its wider relevance in the struggle for Spain, so his attempts to make his way up the promotion ladder speak volumes about British society.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:Write an email to a professor at a British university, inviting him/her to organize a team for the international innovation contest to be held at your university. You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name in the e-mail; use “Li Ming” instead. (10 points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the pictures below. In your essay, you should1)describe the pictures briefly,2)interpret the implied meaning, and3)give your ments.Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)2022年答案速查表Section ⅠU se of English (10 points)1. A2. C3. D4. C5. D6. B7. C8. B9. A 10. D11. C 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. A 18. A 19. D 20. BSection ⅡReading prehension (60 points)Part A (40 points)Text 1 21. A 22. C 23. D 24. D 25. BText 2 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. AText 3 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. CText 4 36. D 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. DPart B (10 points)41. F 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. GPart C (10 points)46.这也是一场在编制和破解密码的人之间展开的战争，这一点甚至对那些熟知这一时期的人来说都是未知的。
中考英语试题(解析版)
初中毕业、升学考试试卷英语第I卷（选择题共60分）第I卷共45小题，请将答案按要求填涂在答题卡上。
一、单项选择（本题共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. My family have ________ breakfast together every day. This helps us start a day well.A. 不填B. aC. anD. the【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我的家人每天一起吃早餐。
这有助于我们更好地开始新的一天。
考查冠词。
a/an不定冠词，表示泛指；the定冠词，表示特指；have breakfast“吃早餐”是固定短语，三餐前不用冠词，故选A。
2. —I hear your brother will enter Tsinghua University this summer.—Exactly, he was a born genius. He was able to read and write ________ the age of 4.A. inB. onC. atD. of【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——我听说你哥哥今年夏天要入学清华大学了。
——没错，他是个天生的天才。
他四岁时就会读写了。
考查介词辨析和固定搭配。
in在……内；on 在……之上；at在……岁时；of……的。
at the age of...表示“在……岁时”，固定短语。
故选C。
3. Our monitor is ________. He never shows off before others.A. organizedB. modestC. generousD. energetic【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：我们的班长很谦虚。
他从不在别人面前炫耀。
考查形容词辨析。
organized有组织的；modest谦虚的；generous慷概的；energetic精力充沛的；根据“He never shows off before others.”可知，班长是很谦虚的，故选B。
江苏省南京市2024年中考英语试题(Word版-含解析)
南京市2024年初中毕业生学业考试英语留意事项：1．本试卷共8页。
全卷满分90分。
考试时间为90分钟。
试题包含选择题和非选择题。
考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2．请仔细核对监考老师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3．答选择题必需用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答非选择题必需用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题(共40分)一、单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请仔细阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. ---Look at the text in the notice. What does it say?---The students who do not sign up before Friday lunchtime_____.A. will have to work at lunchtime next FridayB. will have to work in the afternoon next weekC. won't be able to do afternoon activities next FridayD. won’t be able to choose their afternoon activities next week答案：D解析：句意：看公告文本，上面说什么？---周五午饭前不报名的学生（将）▲。
依据公告内容“假如不报名，我们将会为你选择活动”即不能在下周自行选择活动内容，故选D。
考点：句意理解辨析，同义句转化2. Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon _______20 July 1969.A. inB. onC. atD. for答案：B解析：句意：Neil Armstrong（尼尔·阿姆斯特朗）是第一个于1969年7月20日在月球上行走的人。
(完整版)高二英语考试试题及答案
(完整版)高二英语考试试题及答案第一节：单项挑选（共15小题，每小题1分，满分阶段15分）1. The famous writer’s play, ________ in one of my books, was published in 1963.A. to mentionB. mentionedC. to be mentionedD. mentioning2. As they are retired, the Smiths prefer a house in the country to spend the rest of their life _____ in a large city.A. in thisB. to oneC. with thatD. about it3. Like most July days, it was hot. I stepped into__________ tiny ice-cream shop to cool off with _________ chocolate sundae(圣代冰淇淋).A. the; /B. a; aC. /; theD. the; the4. ---Excuse me.---___________.---How can I get to the nearest post office?A. Yes?B. That’s OK.C. How come?D. Pardon?5. Computer classes must be __________ to every student of all grades, which will make them have a good command of the modern communication and learning tool.A. accessibleB. avoidableC. valuableD. acceptable6. ---Tony, go to pay for the supper bills.---Why _________ I? All of you are richer than me!A. shouldB. mustC. canD. shall7. Mr Guo told us at the beginning of this term that he _________ born on July 24, 1973.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. had been8. After five hours’ drive, they reached ___________they thought was the place they’d been dreaming of.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. what9. Even today, the south is _________ behind the rest of the United States in areas like education and economic development.A. veryB. farC. quiteD. much10. Although only of __________ intelligence, he speaks four languages fluently.A. averageB. middleC. meanD. normal11. ________ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different colors.A. GrowB. To growC. GrowingD. Grew12.---I think we’ve met somewhere before.---No, _________.A. it isn’t likelyB. it can’t be trueC. I would rather notD. I don’t think I know you13. ---I hear Faulen has taken up his business in London.---Really? He has no business _________ and I’m sure he’ll fail.A. feelingB. ideaC. senseD. opinion14. I have just come in to see if I can be _________ any assistance to them.A. withB. onC. atD. of15. It was great of his parents to have made _______to payfor his education.A. contributionsB. sacrificesC. devotionsD. costs其次节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从16---35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出填入短文空白处的最佳答案。
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2007年10月物流英语考试试题讲解一讲解I。
语法、词汇部分1. The aim of ( ) management is to minimize the amount of material in stock.A.inventionB. inventiveC. inventoryD. inventiveness答案：C【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
考查物流专业词汇。
首先看题干：（）管理的目的是降库存中物料的数量降到最低。
根据物流知识，应该知道（）中需要填写“库存”。
然后看选项， A.发明创造； B.发明的；C.库存；D.发明能力。
因此答案为C。
2. Don’ｔforget to refer to the book ERP in the ( ) of planning resources in your enterprise.A. wayB. routeC. processD. proceed【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
考查近义词辨析。
首先看题干：在为你的企业制定资源计划的（）中，别忘了参考《ERP》。
根据句子所要表达的意思，应该在括号中填写“过程”。
再看选项， A.方法、途径； B.路线；C.过程；D.进行。
因此答案为C。
3. The ( ) expenses will be for your account if you place an order of 100,00 tons of roll steel at a time. My workshop uses only ten tons a month.A. stockingB. storeC. storageD. stored【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
考查对词形变化的理解以及物流专业词语。
首先看题干：如果你在自己那里一次存放1万吨轧钢，那么（）的费用可是由你自己承担。
我的工厂一个月才用10吨轧钢。
看选项。
四个选项中三个分别为动词store（储藏）及其衍生词。
A.stocking 长袜，可以直接排除。
B.store（储藏）动词。
C.storage,名词。
D.过去式。
库存的存储费用，是指存储这件事情的费用，因此应该使用名词形式。
因此正确答案为C。
4. Logistics was formerly called physical ( ) .A. PositionB. distributionC. settingD. distribute【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干：物流过去被称为物理（）。
括号中应为配送。
再看选项。
A.位置；B.配送C.设置；D.配送（动词）。
因此正确答案为B。
5. We’ve studied all our ( ) catalogs.A. competitorsB. competitor’ｓC. competitorD. competitors’【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干：我们已经研究了我们（竞争对手的）产品目录。
名词的所有格形，如果名词本身以S结尾或者复数形式加了S，那么所有格形式为“名词s’”。
返回来看句子，式是“名词’s”根据实际情况，一般竞争对手都不只一个，因此正确答案为D。
6. There is, however, a well-defined order in which the components can be installed in thevehicle most ( ).A. efficientB. efficientlyC. effectively D effective【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干：然而，步骤很清晰，保证设备车辆的零部件能够最（）组装起来。
根据选项知道（）里面是“有效地”。
看选项，辨析efficient和effective，。
efficient强调效率，也就是说正确且快速；effective强调效果，效力。
根据题干的意思，应该选择效率，而不是效力，又需要选择副词。
形容词变成副词的最常见形式就是“形容词ly”，排除A。
因此正确答案为B。
7. Excuse me, but I don’ｔquite ( ) you. I’ｍ confused.A. feelB. helpC. followD. touch【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干：对不起，我没有（）你。
我糊涂了。
通过前后两个半句，应该可以推断出，说话人想要表达的意思是，没有搞明白。
再看选项： A.感觉；B.帮助；C.跟从；D.接触。
当别人说话的时候，你应该一直注意听，跟着说话人的思路走。
如果你走神了，或者没听懂，就没能够跟上说话者的思路。
因此，英语的表达方法是，I don’ｔ follow you. 其实就是说“我没听明白”。
因此正确答案为C。
8. Inventories are frequently found in such places ( ) warehouses, yards, shop floors, transportation equipment, and on retailstore shelves.A. asB. likeC. whichD. where【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干：存货通常可以在以下地方找到，（）仓库、空场、商店、运输设备和零售货架上。
根据题干，（）中应该填写“例如”。
我们熟悉的就是such as和like。
这时应该注意题干中的“such”，因此正确答案是A。
9. Holding inventories fosters economies in ( ) and transportation.A. purchaseB. purchasedC. purchasingD. purchases【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
与第三题类似。
首先看题干：持有库存能促进（）和运输中的节约。
根据选项，可以推断出（）中应该填写“采购”。
作为名词，“采购”的英文是purchasing，因此正确答案是：C。
10. Just ( ) why a firm might want inventories at some level in their operations and why they would also want to keep them at a minimum.A. considerB. consideringC. consideredD. considers【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
与第三题类似。
首先看题干：（思考）为什么公司在运作中需要一定的库存同时还想将库存量最小。
此句为祈使句，省略主语，直接以动词原形开头。
因此正确答案是A。
11. Packaging should protect the goods ( ) damage during handling, storing and transportation.A. forB. atC. fromD. about【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干：包装应该保护货物在储存和运输过程中（）损伤。
四个选项为介词，与protect联合使用。
根据题干，应该是“保护货物远离损伤”，即protect…from。
因此正确答案是：C12. Our manager suggests that we ( ) load the goods as soon as possible.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. would【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干：我们的经理建议我们（）尽快装载货物。
（）内应该填写“应该”。
再看选项，表示应该的选项是should。
而且，suggest that sb(should)do，可以理解为一种祈使句，建议做某事。
因此正确答案是C。
13. He spends most of his spare time ( ) logistics.A. to studyB. on studyC. studyD. studying【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干：他把大部分时间都花在（）物流上。
根据选项，（）中应该填写“学习”。
四个选项分别为study的四种形式。
应该根据题干结构进行选择，即spend time doing，花时间做某事。
因此正确答案是D。
14. In the average manufacturing firm in North America, purchased goods and services account ( ) approximately 55 cents of every sales dollar.A. toB. fromC. forD. in【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干：对于北美的一般制造公司来说，所采购的产品和服务的花费占到了销售额的55%。
本题考查的是account for，“占“。
因此正确答案是C。
15. He always wants everything ( ) in a hurry.A. doneB. doingC. to doD. do【讲解】本题属于语法题。
首先看题干：他总是想让所有的事情就赶紧（做完）。
根据句意，做完，应该用过去分词done。
从语法结构看，done是everything的补语。
因此正确答案是A。
16. The quality of finished goods and services is obviously ( ) upon the quality of the materials and parts used in producing those items.A. dependB. dependenceC. dependentD. depended【讲解】本题属于语法兼词汇题。
首先看题干：很明显，最终产品和服务的质量（依赖于）生产过程中所用材料的质量。
选项为depend（动词原形）及其各种形式。
我们都知道depend on这个词组。
不过请注意，这道题稍微改变了一些，动词改成了is, 因此depend也要变成形容词，即be dependent on/upon。
因此正确答案为C。
17. If you refuse to develop yourself, others will ( ) you.A. performB. loseC. winD. outperform【讲解】本题属于词汇题。
首先看题干：如果你拒绝提高自己，其他人将（）你。
根据逻辑，（）应填写“超过“或同类词。
再看选项：A执行；B失败；C战胜；D胜过。
因此正确答案是D。
18. A far greater amount of cargo is shipped by bulk carriers, ( ) can be chartered on the tramp market on a time basis or on voyage basis.A. whereB. whichC. whoseD. who【讲解】本题属于语法题。