中考英语语法专项复习语法四名词词义辨析语法考点剖析(含参考答案)
中考英语语法专项复习语法：
名词
语法考点剖析
考点一名词词义辨析
有些名词在不同的语言环境中有不同的词义。词义辨析题旨在考查学生能否通过对上下文的理解，使用合适的词汇，考查形式主要有以下三种：
1．一词多义
一词多义指某个名词具有两种或两种以上的常见意义，在不同的语言环境中有不同的意义。
orange橘子(汁)；橘黄色fish鱼；鱼肉
chicken小鸡；鸡肉paper纸；报纸；试卷
glass玻璃；玻璃杯light电灯；光
2．近义词辨析
近义词指某几个名词在意义上比较相近，但使用范围有差别。英语中的近义词比较多，考试中出现频率较高的近义词有以下几组：
home, family, house家
problem, question, trouble问题
clothing, clothes, dress衣服
job, work工作
sound, voice, noise声音
person, people, human人
message, information信息
street, road, way路
travel, trip, journey旅行
competition, game, match比赛
3．语境辨词
语境辨词就是运用我们的生活经验、知识积累，根据上下文推测出空格处所要表达的意思，从而选出正确的词语，如我们渴了就需要水(water)、饮料(tea, coffee, juice等)；饿了就需要食物(bread, rice, meat, cake等)；我们寄信需要去post office；取钱需要去bank。
I'm thirsty, Mom. Could you give me some water to drink？妈妈，我渴了。你可以给我点水喝吗？
1．(2018·重庆南开中学期中)—Lucy, would you like to go to the to watch the newest action movie Operation Red Sea with me?
—Sure, I'd love to and I heard it was really exciting.
A．cinema B．library
C．park D.station
2．(2018·江苏镇江润州二模)Spud Webb has influenced me most. His stories give me much to face all kinds of difficulties.
A．luck B．wealth
C．decision D.courage
3．(2018·湖北鄂州梁子湖5月质量监测)David is a sports reporter. He asks for a(n)
with the big sports star.
A．instruction B．invention
C．invitation D．interview
4．(2018·广东珠海九洲中学三模)It's a wise to drink some green tea every day. It's good for our health.
A．choice B.support
C．mixture D.honor
5．(2018·山东潍坊模拟)To the parents' joy, their son made great this term.
A．result B．progress
C．suggestion D．preparation
6．(2018·山东东营广饶模拟)—Do you know China's famous scientist Pan Jianwei?
—You mean “the father of quantum(量子之父)”？
—Yes, he is the of our country.
A．pride B．prize
C．proud D．heart
7．(2018·江苏泰州兴化顾庄学区一模)It is better to travel 10，000 miles than to read 10，000 books, so it's important to have real with languages, cultures and societies. A．communication B．experience
C．knowledge D．influence
8．(2018·安徽中考)—What is the of your excellent spoken English?
—Practice makes perfect!
A．result B.influence
C．duty D.secret
9．(2018·湖北襄阳中考)—Mom, I'm thirteen now. Can I ride a bike to school? —Yes, you can. But you must follow the traffic on the way.
A．rules B．plans
C．safety D．accident
10．(2018·天津中考)Her smile made me feel warm and lively. It was like a hidden ．
A．competition B．interview
C．treasure D．tradition
考点二名词的数
名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。
一、可数名词的复数形式
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，可数名词的复数形式的变化规则如下：
二、不可数名词的数
1．概述：不可数名词所表示的事物一般不能用数来计算，没有词形变化，这类词主要为抽象名词和物质名词。
2．表示方法：不可数名词需要计量时，用“数词或冠词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”的结构表示，量词可以是单数也可以是复数，但of后面的名词只用单数。
a cup of tea 一杯茶two bottles of water 两瓶水
four pieces of paper 四张纸
C．idea D．news
2．(2018·山东菏泽单县模拟改编)Our teachers gave us some on how to study well.
A．advice B．question
C．suggestion D．news
3．(2018·广西玉林中考)—Hey, boys. Look at the falling ．
—Well, it's telling us that autumn is coming.
A．leaf B．leafs C．le afes D．leaves
4．(2018·四川遂宁中考)—Mom, I'm back. Is there anything to eat?
—Sure. Some in the fridge.
A．beef B．apple
C．dumpling D．milk
5．(2018·新疆中考改编)Hurry up! Some (西红柿) and (鸡蛋) are on sale in the supermarket.
考点三名词所有格
名词所有格表示人或物的所有关系，有以下几种形式：
1．表示有生命的人或动物的名词所有格在单数名词后加“-'s”构成。
Mike's father 迈克的父亲
2．在以“-s”结尾的复数名词之后只加“-'”。
my parents' hometown我父母的故乡
3．表示几个人共同拥有某物时，只在最后一个人名后加“-'s”；表示各自所有时，则需要在每个人名后都加“-'s”。
Mary and Kate's room玛丽和凯特的房间(共有)
Jane's and Tom's books简和汤姆的书(各自所有)
4．在表示“店铺”“某某家”“诊所”的名词所有格后面，一般省去被修饰的表示地点的名词。
at the barber's (shop) 在理发店
at the doctor's (office) 在医院
5．表示无生命的事物的名词所有格，通常是由“of＋名词”构成。
the gate of the school学校的大门
the center of the city 市中心
6．表示时间、距离、城市、团体等无生命的名词，也可以在词尾加“-'s”构成所有格。
the future of China/China's future 中国的未来
the group's name/the name of the group 团体的名字
7．双重所有格。
英语中名词所有格有时可以在前面加of构成的短语，这种结构称为双重所有格。
双重所有格有两种形式： of＋名词所有格； of＋名词性物主代词
a friend of my sister's 我姐姐的一个朋友
a dictionary of mine我的一部词典
1．(2018·重庆中考B卷)—How far is it from Chongqing to Guiyang?
—It's about two ride by high-speed train.
A．hour B．hour's C．hours D．hours'
2．(2018·广西北部湾中考)The woman in a hat is aunt.
A．Jack and John B．Jack'and John
C．Jack's and John's D．Jack and John's
3．(2017·甘肃武威中考)“It depends on my decision，” the mother said and looked at her two sons.
A．children B．children's
C．child D．child's
4．There is a nice picture in the little bedroom. She likes it very much.
A．girl B．girls
C．girl's D．girls'
5．— bookcase is this?
—It must be ．
A．Who's; Tom B．Who's; Tom's
C．Whose; Tom's D．Whose; Tom
6．The are big and bright.
A．classroom of windows
B．classroom of windows'
C．windows of our c lassroom
D．windows of our classroom's
7．—Have you read ？
—Yes, I have.
A．today newspaper
B．today's newspaper
C．todays' newspaper
D．newspaper of today
考点四名词作定语
1．名词作定语一般用单数形式，但有些常以复数形式出现的名词则仍用复数形式。
clothes shop服装店sports meeting运动会
2．man, woman作定语时有单复数变化，其他名词作定语一般用单数。
a man teacher→men teachers
an apple tree→apple tre es
3．“数词＋连字符＋名词”作定语。
a three-da y holiday一个三天的假期
a five-year plan一个五年计划
★连字符后面的名词用单数形式
1．(2018·湖南湘西中考改编)Li Wen is a normal boy from the countryside. He works hard and does well in school.
A．15 years old
B．15-years-old
C．15-year-old
D．15 year old
2．(2017·贵州安顺中考)There are more than one hundred teachers in our school, and most of them are ．
A．men's teachers
B．man teachers
C．men teacher
D．men teachers
3．(2019·原创)They write most of their in English.
A．business letter
B．business letters
C．businesses letter
D．businesses letters
参考答案
【语法考点剖析】
考点一1～5 ADDAB 6～10 ABDAC
考点二1～4 CADA 5.tomatoes; eggs 考点三1～5 DDBCC 6～7 CB
考点四1～3 CDB
初中英语语法大全——名词
初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词，而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。
二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。
eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:
(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案
初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 （1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
初中英语语法知识—名词的分类汇编附答案
一、选择题 1．My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious. A．salad; eggs B．salads; eggs C．salad; eggs D．salads; egg 2．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 3．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 4．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 5．—What does your mother have for dinner？ — A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．6．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 7．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great! A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’ C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days 8．—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join? —He can join the ______ club. A．sport B．music C．sports D．swimming 9．—What is your _______, Lingling? —I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night. A．interests; interesting B．interests; interest C．interest; interesting D．interesting; interest 10．—What can I do for you? —Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and . A．some chickens B．any chicken C．some chicken 11．_______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend. A．Lily and Nick; their B．Lily's and Nick's; them C．Lily and Nick's; their D．Lily and Nick's; them 12．—Do you think it is _______good advice? —Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion. A．a; an B．/; a C．a; a D．/; an 13．—Could you please give me ____? —Certainly. A．some advices B．any advices
初中英语语法知识—名词的专项训练答案(5)
一、选择题 1．She ______ her______every evening at home. A．does；homework B．does；homeworks C．do；homework D．do；homeworks 2．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 3．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 4．—Do you know Shanghai is one of _______ in the world? —Yes, it’s bigger than _______ city in China. A．the biggest city; any B．the biggest cities; any C．the biggest cities; any other D．the biggest cities; the other 5．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 6．These are some photos of ________ bedroom. What a tidy and comfortable room! A．Jerry’s and Jenny’s B．Jerry and Jenny’s C．Jerry’s sand Jenny 7．Here_______some of the results. Most students think_______are cheaper than cars. A．is; the bike B．are; bikes C．are; the bike D．is; bikes 8．Look! The Chinese national basketball team ________ a face-to-face interview with their fans in the hall. How excited the fans are! A．is having B．are having C．have D．has 9．—It’s convenie nt(方便的) to travel from Suzhou to Shanghai by car? —Yes. It’s said that_________is enough. A．two hours drive B．two-hours drive C．two hour’s drive D．two hours’ drive 10．— How much are the __________? — Eight yuan a kilo. A．broccoli B．potatoes C．beef D．bread 11．It's about ten __________ walk from here. A．minutes' B．minute's C．minutes D．minute of 12．Alan usually goes to Harbin in .He likes playing with snow. A．May B．July C．September D．November 13．________ your reading speed, or you can’t finish th e English reading materials in ________ limited time. A．Increase; 100 minutes’B．To increase; a 100-minute C．Increasing; 100-minutes’14．When National Day comes, we have a ____ holiday. A．seven-day B．seven-days C．seven days
中考英语语法专题训练 名词(含答案)
中考语法专题训练(一) 名词 Ⅰ.单项选择 1.[2018·泰州] About how to achieve a balance between hobbies and schoolwork, Justin asked me for my . A.position B.attention C.suggestion D.introduction 2.[2018·宿迁] Wu Wei, a young artist, has received high from the art community for this sculptures. A.pride B.praise C.promise D.progress 3.[2018·盐城] Please give me some on how to spend the coming weekend. A.space B.advice C.praise D.courage 4.[2018·扬州] The Queqiao satellite(卫星) will form a bridge between controllers on Earth and the far side of the Moon. A.contribution https://www.360docs.net/doc/098350942.html,munication C.celebration https://www.360docs.net/doc/098350942.html,petition 5.[2018·常州]Lights are out. The concert is to begin. The fans hold their breath for Jay Chou’s. A.influence B.guidance C.experience D.appearance 6.[2018·南京]—Do you have this T-shirt in a small ? —I’m afraid not. It only comes in medium. A.size B.colour C.material D.taste 7.[2018·莱芜]Stephen Hawking’s story gives me much to face all kinds of difficulties. A.chance B.wealth C.courage D.decision 8.[2018·铜仁]—What would you like to drink? —I’d like three . A.bottles of waters B.bottle of waters C.bottle of water D.bottles of water 9.[2018·北部湾] The woman in a hat is aunt. A.Jack and John B.Jack’s and John C.Jack’s and John’s D.Jack and John’s 10.[2018·本溪]—Your is quite good. You must be from an English-speaking country. —Thanks, but I’m from China.
2018高考英语语法专题名词
专题一名词 考点一名词的固定搭配 ①[2016·天津]The dictionary is out of date：many words have been added to the language since it was published. 这本词典过时了：自从它出版以来，这种语言已经增加了许多单词。 ②[2015·江苏]Some schools will have to make adjustments in agreement with the national soccer reform. 这些学校将不得不作出一些调整来和国家足球改革保持一致。 1．动词have，keep，take，make，get，pay，play，give，put等加名词构成的短语 have a good reputation有个好的名声 have an idea of了解 have a sense of有……意识 have a feeling of有……感觉 have access to可以获得 have an advantage over胜过，优于 keep a balance保持平衡 take...into account考虑…… take advantage of利用；趁……之机 make fun of取笑，嘲弄 make the best of充分利用；妥善处理 get/lose contact with与……取得/失去联系 get relief得到缓解 give a solution给出解决方案 put...into practice将……付诸行动 2．介词后加名词构成的短语 in great demand需求量很大 in quantity大量，大批 in progress在进行中
初中英语语法名词篇
初中中考英语语法 （名词篇） 语法总述： 名词篇： 名词的种类：英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类： 1、专有名词是个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称。 专有名词中实词的第一个字母要大写。如：Jilin, Tom, China, (1)零冠词，如Yale University,Beijing Railway Station,是由专有名词+普通名词组成，往往为并列关系。 (2)定冠词，如the United States，the Great Wall,由形容词+普通名词组成。 (3) 姓氏名如果采用复数形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义),如：the Greens( 格林一家人)。 2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。 普通名词又可进一步分为四类 1) 个体名称: 表示单个的人和事物。 house 马car 汽车room 房间apple 苹果fun 风扇picture 照片 2) 集体名称: 表示一群人或一些事物的名称。 people 人们 family 家庭 army 军队government 政府 group 集团 3) 物质名词:表示物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体的物质。 fire 火 steel 钢air 空气water 水milk 牛奶 4)抽象名词:表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。
labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange； 不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式：
初中英语语法专项练习题之名词
学习必备欢迎下载 初中英语语法专项练习题之名词 一. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are ____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used B. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 二. ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C .an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 三 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk D. two glass of milks B. two glass of milk C. two glasses of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought ___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 ( ) 1 -How many ___have you got on your farm? -I've got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken ( ) 2 Some __came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 3 In the picture there are many__and two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps ; foxes B. sheeps ; fox D. sheep; foxs ( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. Japanese D. American 五 ( ) 1 This table is made of___. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass ( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -I'd like____. ! A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken ( )3 Children should make ____for old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 六 ( ) 1 Tables are made of___. A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods ( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films. A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples ( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer. A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 七 ( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___? A. the People's Park B. the Peoples' Park C .the People Park D. People's Park
中考英语语法专题教案---名词
专题一名词 一、名词的数 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类。大多数名词为可数名词，有单复数之分；而不可数名词则没有复数形式。可数名词的复数有两种变化。 1、规则变化 变化例词 ○1一般情况下在词尾直接加s ruler → rulers ；park → parks ○2以s、x、sh、ch 结尾的，在词尾加es bus → buses ；box → boxes ；watch → ○1 ○3以f、fe 结尾的，把f、fe 变成v，再加es thief → thieves ；wife → ○2 ○4以辅音字母加y 结尾的，变y 为i，再加es family → families ；factory → ○3 ○5以字母o 结尾的，有时加s，有时加es photo → photos ；hero → heroes （１）巧记以f、fe 结尾，把f、fe 变成v，再加es 的词： 半片（half）树叶（leaf）自己（self）黄，妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去杀狼（wolf），架（shelf）后小偷（thief）逃命（life）忙。 （２）巧记以o 结尾后加es 的词： 黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）爱吃土豆（potato）和西红柿（tomato）。 （３）巧记以o 结尾后加s 的词： 广播（radio）录像（video）动物园（zoo），钢琴（piano）袋鼠（kangaroo）照相片（photo）。２、不规则变化 有些名词变复数时属于不规则变化，这种变化主要是通过改变单词中的某个字母或在词尾加后缀构成的。 oo → ee foot → feet ；tooth → ○4；goose → geese a → e man → men ；woman → women ；policeman → ○5；Frenchwoman → Frenchwomen 词尾加ren child → children 特殊变化mouse → mice 不变化sheep；deer；Japanese；Chinese；people 巧记单复数形式相同的名词： 人（people）在中国（Chinese）、日本（Japanese）和瑞士（Swiss）喜爱绵羊（sheep）、鹿（deer）和鱼（fish）。 ３、常以复数形式出现的名词 pants（裤子）glasses（眼镜）clothes（衣服） trousers（裤子）shoes（鞋）socks（袜子） stockings（长筒袜）jeans（牛仔）shorts（短裤） scissors（剪刀）chopsticks（筷子）goods（货物） 这些名词在句中作复数使用，其作主语时谓语动词用复数形式，如： The shoes under the bed are mine. 在床底下的鞋是我的。 ４、集体名词 集体名词表示同一类人或事物的许多个体的总称。如果作为集体来看，谓语动词用单数；若指每一个成员，谓语动词用复数。这类词有： family （家），people （人），police （警察），class（班），team（队），group（小组）。 如： The class has a map of the world on the wall. 这个班墙上有一幅世界地图。 The class are playing football on the playground. 这个班正在操场上踢足球。 二、不可数名词及其量的表示法
初中英语语法--名词专题(含练习)
名词（一） 一、名词的概念：在我们身边存在着形形色色的人和事物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词，概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象等的名称的词都叫名词。 二、名词的分类： 1．专有名词：它的第一个字母通常大写。 a. 人名、地名、国名等例如：Lucy, Shanghai, China b.组织、团体、机构等例如: the United Nations c.语言、星期、月份等例如：English, Friday, March (注意介词in/on/at的用法) 注意：国家与人的对应 China----- Chinese America---- American(s) Australia---- Australian(s) Canada---- Canadian(s) Japan---- Japanese Germany---- German(s) France----Frenchman(Frenchmen) GB----Englishman(Englishmen) 2．普通名词： （1）不可数名词：不可以直接以数字计算的名词。例如：snow, air, water, rice, paper, work, news(新闻)，food, rain, weather, juice, milk, meat, money ，English, fruit , information … 不可数名词要表示具体数量，必须借助of短语。如不能说one bread，但是可以说one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。 只能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语： little很少的（表示否定）；a little一些（表示肯定），much（许多），how much （多少），a bit of（一些） 既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：some(一些，用于肯定句), any（一些，用于否定和疑问句）a lot of (许多), lots of(许多) ★不可数名词量的表示方法：计量词+of 例如：a piece of news a cup of tea a piece of bread two pieces of news two cups of tea two pieces of bread 注意：a bag of apples
初中英语语法名词专项习题
初中英语语法专项习题－－名词 ( ) 1 She was very happy. She—— in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please？ A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___？ -Yes, please.
A. banana B. oranges D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea？ -No, thanks. I have drunk two____.
中考英语语法知识点总结名词与代词
中考英语语法知识点总结：名词与代词 名词 名词复数的特殊变化。 普通名词的复数我们知道是直接加-s或 -es〃 a. class, box, watch, brush等词以 s, x, ch, sh, 结尾〃复数要加-es; b. story, factory 等以"辅音字母+y"结尾的词复数要先将-y 变成-i再加-es; c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe结尾的词一般先将-f或-fe 变为-v, 再加-es; d. 以-o结尾的名词〃一般来说〃末尾是"元音字母+o" 的词加-s〃我们学过的有radio,zoo。末尾是"辅音字母+o"的词〃变复数加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato〃当然其中的piano 和photo〃又是一个例外〃他们的结尾只能加-s。 e. child(children), foot(feet), tooth(teeth), mouse(mice), man(men ), woman(women )等词的复数变化全不遵循规则。 注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词〃其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如：an Englishman〃two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词〃故复数形式为 Germans; f. deer〃sheep等词单复数同形。 people〃police〃cattle 等词〃以单数形式出现〃但实为复数〃所以它们的谓语当然也是复数形式〃这就是集体名词。the English〃the French〃the Chinese 等名词表示国民总称时〃也作复数用。
注意：maths〃politics〃physics等学科名词,虽然以-s结尾〃仍为不可数名词。还有theUnited States(美国)〃the United Nations(联合国)等应视为单数。 别奇怪，名词有时也可以作定语的。它作定语时一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 a. man, woman等作定语时〃它的单复数以其所修饰的名词的单复数而定。如：men workers〃 women teachers。 b. 数词+名词作定语时〃这个名词一般保留单数形式,中间加连字符。如：a ten-mile walk十里路〃two-hundred trees 两百棵树。代词 代词中第一个“小个性”就是物主代词。像my和mine这两个小冤家总是让人分不清谁是谁。但你只要记住它们最重要的区别—my的后面一定要接名词〃不可以单独出现〃只能做定语〃如：my father;而 mine则是名词性〃只能单独出现〃在句中做主语和表语。如：Mine is green. It's mine. 记住这两个句子〃凡是名词性物主代词(yours, hers, his, its, ours, theirs)就都可以放在mine的位置上了。 代词的第二个“罗嗦”就是它有一个小跟班-self(selves)—反身代词〃也就是表示“自己、亲自”的意思。关于反身代词〃需要注意的是她不能单独做主语〃但可以放在人称代词后面〃做同位语。如：Marry herself said so. 玛丽她自己这么说的。 Of+名词性物主代词：
英语语法名词专题
一、 名词的分类 普通名词 可数名词 当不可数名词转化为可数名词时，词义常发生变化。 集体名词 专有名词 不可数名词 物质名词 抽象名词 二、 名词的性 1. 在英语中，大多数名词没有性的区别，只有一个共同的形式。部分名词具有性别差异，存在阴性和阳性两种不同的形式。 2. 在具有性别差异的名词中，有些名词在词尾直接加“-ess ”即可构成阴性名词（多数）；有些名词在词尾直接加“-ette ”即可构成阴性名词（少数）；有些名词以“-ter ”或“-tor ”结尾，须将结尾改为“-tress ”以构成阴性名词；有些名词以“-rer ”或“-ror ”结尾，须将结尾改为“-ress ”以构成阴性名词；有些名词以“-der ”结尾，须将结尾改为“-dress ”以构成阴性名词。（①“-ter ”/“-tor ”→“-tress ”；②“-rer ”/“-ror ”→“-ress ”；③“-der ”→“-dress ”。注：少数情况下存在例外） 3. 在现代英语中，对于无性别区分的名词，一般可通过在该词前加 he/she, male/female, man/woman, boy/girl, lord/lady, dog/bitch, bull/cow, jack/jenny, tom/tally, cock/hen, duck/doe, billy/nanny, father/mother, son/daughter 等词来区分性别。（强调尊敬时，可用 lady 表示女性，但只能用单数形式。） 4. 某些外来语中的名词在变为阴性名词时，须接固定的后缀。（Ref.P324<7>） 5. 惯用阳性的名词和惯用阴性的名词： 1) 阳性词：general, lawyer, fellow, lover, soldier, sailor 等 2) 阴性词：nurse, typist, dressmaker, housekeeper 等 3) 拟人化的阳性词：Time, Mountain, Wind, War, the Ocean, Storm, Thunder, Sleep, Winter, Summer, Autumn, Despair, Fear 等（代词用 he ） 4) 拟人化的阴性词：Moon, Spring, Night, Nature, Peace, Hope, Virtue, Truth, the Earth, Liberty, Justice, Fame, Victory, Faith, Humility, Pride, Mercy, Art, Science, Soul 等（代词用 she ） 5) 通常情况下，船、火车、国家、都市均视为阴性名词。 6. man 可以包括 woman ，统指一切人，代词用 he/his 。 三、 名词的数 1. 专有名词的复数形式 1) 有些专有名词变为复数时，仅在词尾加“-s ”即可。 Kansas City → Kansas Citys Mayor Brown → Mayor Browns the two Mr. Smiths, Lord Mayors, Queen Elizabeths （例外：Rockey → Rockies, Sicily → Sicilies ）
初中英语语法专项名词
初中英语语法专项名词（讲义） 一、名词（n.）表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词 （一）名词的分类 名词分为普通名词和专有名词,其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词可用作单数，也可用作复数。可数名词包括个体名词（表示一类人或物的个体。如：boy,desk,cat,window）和集体名词（由若干个体组成的集合体。如：family,class,police）。不可数名词包括物质名词（表示无法分为个体的实物。如：water,paper,silk,money）和抽象名词（表示性质、行为、状态、感情或其它抽象概念。如：work,happiness,music,difficulty,housework）专有名词表示个人、地方、机构、组织等。如：Tom,the Great Wall,the Spring Festival,France,the United States）（二）名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种： （1）一般情况下,在词尾加s. ,dog--dogs,pen--pens,boy--boys （2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词名词变复数时,要在词尾加es. ,brush-brushes,bus-buses,box-boxes（es读音为〔iz〕 （3）以"辅音字母＋y"结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加e , family--families, （注：以"元音字母+y"结尾的词，直接在词尾加） （4）以元音字母o结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： ①加,potato-potatoes ②结尾是两个元音字母的加s,,radio--radios ③某些外来词变复数时词尾加s,eg. piano-pianos ④一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s, （photograph）--photos,kilo （kilogram）kilos ⑤zero变复数时，既可加s,也可加／zeroes （5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时,先把f或fe变为v,再加es. ,leaf-leaves,half--halves, knife-knives,thief--thieves（res读音为[vz]妻子骑牛拿起刀, wife--wives; calf---calves; knife----knives; 追得贼狼满街跑, thief---thieves; wolf----wolves 碰倒架子丧己命, shelf---shelves; self---selves; life----lives 手帕树叶半空飘. leaf----leaves half----halves （6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es,而是变换其中的字母。,woman--women,policeman--policemen, Englishman--Englishmen,Frenchman--Frenchmen, foot--feet, tooth--teeth, child--children,mouse-mice,Ox-Oxen（公牛） （7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 ,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish works （8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。eg,people,police,trousers,pants,clothes 另外,①当一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，这个名词一般用单数。 apple tree,five apple trees, a girl friend,two girl friends,a twin sister 但是，当man和woman作定语修饰复数名词时，就要用其复数形式。 men teachers,three women doctors ②可用"量词+of+名词复数"这一结构表示可数名词的数量。 room Of students,two boxes Of pencils