4月全国自考英语国家概况试题及答案

…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………全国2018年4月自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully.For each unfinishedstatement or question，four suggested answers marked A，B，C and D are given.Choosethe one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question.Write theletter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(50points，1 point for each)1.___________of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history, in which William，the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his followers.A. The Roman ConquestB. The Anglo-Saxon ConquestD. The Celt ConquestC. The Norman Conquest2.As a result of the Black Death，___________.A. all land was left untendedB. no labor was required any longerC. 1and owners tended to change from arable to sheep-farmingD. surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages3.Which of the following statements about Elizabeth I(1 55 8-1 603)is true?A. Elizabeth was 35 when she came to the throne.B. Elizabeth remained single.C. Elizabeth was not able to work with Parliament.D. Her reign was a time of diminishing English nationalism.4. ___________ was not in the“Allies”in the First World War.A. BritainB. FranceD. TurkeyC. Russia5.The English Civil War is also called ___________ .A. the Revolutionary WarB. the Puritan RevolutionD. the RenaissanceC. the Reformation6.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen .In1…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………practice，___________.A. Parliament rules the countryB. the Sovereign reigns but does not ruleC. the Sovereign rules but does not reignD. the Prime Minister rules and reigns7.In January,1973，Britain finally became a full member of the___________，which was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957.A. Organization of Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentB. Organization of European DevelopmentC. European Economic CommunityD. European Union8.The___________refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in socialththcenturies.and early 19economic organization in Britain in the late 18A. Urbanization B.Economic BoomD. Industrial RevolutionC. Glorious Revolution9.The major Christian festivals in Britain are___________ .A. Christmas, Easter and Mother's DayB. Christmas, Easter and Whit SundayC. Christmas，Guy Fawkes Day and St. Patrick's DayD. Christmas，Whit Sunday and St. George's Day10.The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that were oncecolonies of Britain. At present there are ___________ countries within the Commonwealth (1991).A. 30B. 40D. 60C. 5011.Among the three tribes of the Celts coming to Britain, the most industrious and vigorous of theCeltic tribes was the ___________ .A. GaelsB. BrythonsD. VikingsC. Belgae12.Political change in England came mainly through___________.2…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………A. gradual reformB. revolutionD. working class movements uprisings C. people'13.The two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are___________ .A. the Democratic Party and the Republican PartyB. the Conservative Party and the Labor PartyC. the Labor Party and the Social Democratic PartyD. the Labor Party and the Democratic Party14.___________'s reign was a time of confident English nationalism and of great achievements in literature and other arts. in exploration and in battle.A. MaryB. Henry VIIID. Charles IIC. E1izabeth I15.After the Restoration，Parliament passed a series of severe laws called____________against the Puritans，now known as Nonconformists.A. Agreement of the PeopleB. the Petition of the RightD. the Act of SupremacyC. the Clarendon Code16.Which statement about the“Wars of Roses”is NOT true?A. The king's power now became supreme.B. Ordinary people were seriously affected.C. The wars were waged intermittently for 30 years.D. From these wars feudalism received its death blow.1 7.The finest exponents of Elizabethan drama in the English Renaissance were ___________ .A. Ben Johnson，Christopher Marlowe and Charles DickensB. Edmund Spenser, Charles Dickens and William ShakespeareC. William Shakespeare, Ben Johnson and Charles DickensD. William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Johnson18.The Chartist movement was the first nationwide ___________ movement.A. working classB. lower middle classD. upper classC. upper middle class19.______________led the U.K. to final victory in the Second World War.A. Winston ChurchillB. Neville Chamberlain3…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………C. Tony BlairD. William Gladstone20.Which statement about the religion in Britain is true?A. Every person in Britain may change his religion，but with difficulty.B. Every person may not manifest his faith in teaching，worship and observance.C. Every person has the right to religious freedom without interference from the community or the State.D. Churches and religious societies of any kind cannot own property and propagate their beliefs in speeches and writing.th century, Christopher Columbus，21.In the late 15a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sailacross the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A. FrenchB. SpanishD. EnglishC. Italian22.American troops defeated the British at___________ in Northern New York. This was a greatturning point of the American War of Independence，leading directly to an alliance between the U.S. and France.A. SaratogaB. TrentonD. YorktownC. Lexington23.In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. The meeting came to be called the___________ .A. First Continental CongressB. Second Continental CongressD. Independent ConventionC. Constitutional Convention24.Which of the following is NOT among President Theodore Roosevelt's contributions?A. The implementation of the Sherman Anti-trust Act.B. The initiation of large-scale irrigation projects.C. The adoption of the Hepburn Act of 1906.D. The passage of the Federal Reserve Act.25.___________Was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U.S. in 1929.A. Business bankruptcyB. Serious unemploymentD. ForeclosuresC. The stock market crash26.During the Second World War, American wartime objectives were the total destruction4…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………of___________ powers and the establishment of a world order.A. AxisB. AsianD. EuropeanC. Allied27.In 1932，in the depth of the depression，the American people chose___________ as their next president who promised to get the U.S. out of the depression.A. Theodore RooseveltB. Franklin D. RooseveltD. Herbert C. Woodrow Wilson C. Hoovercation was made a function of the state under the___________Amendment to the USConstitution.A. TenthB. EleventhD. ThirteenthC. Twelfth29.McCarthyism was a full-scale ___________hysteria in the United States in the 1950s.A. pro-NaziB. anti-FascistD. anti-CommunistC. pro-Communist30.On June 5，1947，___________suggested that the US should offer economic aid to WesternEurope so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.A. George KennanB. George MarshallD. James F. ByrnesC. Dwight Eisenhower31.A decision to set up a world organization，the United Nations，was made at___________.A. Yalta Conference B. Potsdam ConferenceD. Paris ConferenceC. Teheran Conference32.The safeguards against abuse of powers in the United States come in the form of___________.A. separation of powers B. executive ordersD. judicial reviewsC. presidential elections33.___________Was meant to guarantee the blacks and others the right to vote.A. Emancipation Proclamation in 1863B. The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1865C. The Civil Rights Act of 1964D. The Voting Rights Act of 196534.Woman obtained voting right from the___________ Amendment to the Constitution.5…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………ththB. 18A. 17ththC. 19D. 2035.Of the four kinds of high schools，___________ones only aim to prepare students for college.A. comprehensive B. academicD. technicalC. vocational36.There have been__________ periods in the development of American political parties inthe United States.A. twoB. threeD. fiveC. four37.The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of___________.A. material failureB. spiritual frustrationD. welfare reformC. political setbacks38.___________is the largest single source of goods imported by the U.S.，accounting for nearly 30％of the total.A. CanadaB. MexicoD. European UnionC. Japan39.Mark Twain's masterwork was ___________ .A.The Scarlet LetterB.Leaves of GrassD.The Adventures of Huckleberry FinnC.The Sketch Book40.In the early part ofthe 19th century，___________was the center of American writing.A. BostonB. PhiladelphiaD. New York CityC. Chicago41.Tourist trade is important in economy in ___________with rich green mountains and valleys.A. British Columbia B. Atlantic provincesD. St. Lawrence-Great Lakes provincesC. the Canadian-Shield42.Which of the following about Canada in World War I is NOT true?A. It founded its navy to enter World War I.B. It took a seat as a member of the League of Nations.C. It won the right to sign the Peace Treaty of 1919 in its own name.6…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………D. It has found its place among the nations of the world since World War I.43.Generally speaking，Canada can be divided into___________ geographical regions.A. threeB. fourD. sixC. five44.Which of the following statements about Australia is true?A. It is the world's fifth largest country and is surrounded by sea.B. It is the smallest and the only continent that contains only one country.C. It is a continent that contains only Australia and New Zealand.D. It is the world's smallest continent and the world's fourth largest country.45.The first Australian colony, established by Britain in 1788 and called the premier state，is ___________ .A. VictoriaB. TasmaniaD. New South WalesC. Queensland46.The Australian political division borders are drawn___________.A. along straight lines of latitude and longitudeB. along rivers and forestsC. along mountain rangesD. along natural features47.The only native mammals in New Zealand are___________.A. rabbitsB. batsD. goatsC. opossums48.A chain of mountains runs almost the whole length of South Island in New Zealand. Thehighest peak is___________.A. Mt RuapehuB. Mt CookD. Mt TongariroC. Mt Ngaurohoe49.One of the four unusual demographic features of Ireland is___________.A. an early marriage ageB. an excess of males in the populationC. a low proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages7…………………………………………………………精品自学考试资料推荐………………………………………………D. a high birthrate compounded by a century of emigration50.Migration in Ireland declined sharply___________.A. during WWIB. in recent yearsC. in the early decades of the 20th centuryD. after the establishment of the Irish Free StateII.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in thecorresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points，3 points for each)51.What is the Magna Carta also known as?52.Who has the power to declare war and make peace in the U.K.?53.What are the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?54.When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?55.What foreign policy did the American government pursue in the early 1930s?56.What are Conglomerates in the USA?57.Where is the name“Canada”believed to have come from?58.Why does Great Britain have the greatest influence upon Australia?59.What is Maoritanga?60.What was the consequence of the the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?III.Explain each of the following terms in English.Write your answer in the correspondingspace on the answer sheet in around 40words.(20points，5points for each)61.the House of Commons62.English feudal system63.the U.S. two-party system64.the New Deal8。