00522 英语国家概况自考大纲
2020年4月全国英语国家概况自考试题及答案解析
全国2019年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522全部题目用英文作答，否则不计分。
PART ONE (40 POINTS)I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinishedstatement or question, four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(40 points,1 point for each)1. British recorded history begins with the _____ invasion.A. RomanB. VikingC. Anglo-SaxonD. Norman2. The Authorized Version of the Bible (published in 1611) was made by _____ command.A. Edward IV’sB. James I’sC. Elizabeth I’sD. Henry V III’s3. In the United Kingdom, succession is founded on the _____ principle. Sons of the Sovereign have precedence over daughters in succeeding to the throne.A. ethicalB. obligationC. hereditaryD. public relations4. In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _____.A. the SpeakerB. the Lord ChancellorC. the Duke of EdinburghD. the Prime Minister5. The most important prehistoric monument of the Iberians was _____.A. Maiden Castle in WiltshireB. Stonehenge in WiltshireC. Avebury in WiltshireD. Leeds Castle in Kent6. The Royal National Eisteddfod is a(n) _____ festival of poetry, music and other arts.A. EnglishB. ScottishC. WelshD. Irish7. In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before _____.A. 1918B. 1920C. 1928D. 19458. The English Civil War is generally regarded as the beginning of modern _____ history.A. EuropeanB. ScottishC. WelshD. world9. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _____.A. the Home SecretaryB. the Lord ChancellorC. the Prime MinisterD. the Attorney General10. During the 1970s Britain began producing petroleum from wells in _____.1A. the Irish SeaB. the North SeaC. the Dover StraitsD. the Cambrians11. The two very important crops in Britain are _____.A. barley and cornB. wheat and riceC. barley and oatsD. wheat and barley12. In Britain, a _____ is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns.A. civic electionB. by-electionC. popular electionD. general election13. What forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States?A. The Rio Grande River.B. The southern Rocky Mountains.C. The Colorado River.D. The Gulf of California.14. The financial, manufacturing and transportation center of the United States is _____.A. New YorkB. Washington D.C.C. PhiladelphiaD. Chicago15. One of the measures taken by the Roosevelt Administration in the New Deal was _____.A. to close down more banksB. to further loosen the control of financial institutionsC. to adopt a number of labor laws to raise the role of labor in the relations of productionD. to encourage farm production16. Most of the colleges and universities in the U.S. are located _____.A. in only 5 or 6 states along the Atlantic coastB. in the SouthC. in states with a large populationD. along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts17. Rock’n’ roll in the early 1960s in the United States was music for _____.A. teenagersB. black audienceC. white adult audienceD. people of all ages18. The major Hispanic groups in the United States are _____.A. the Mexicans and HaitiansB. the Puerto Ricans and CubansC. the Mexicans and the Puerto RicansD. the Mexicans, Puerto Ricans and Cubans19. Today, American people observe Veterans’ Day by _____.A. keeping two minutes of silence at 11∶00 A.M. on that dayB. holding veterans’ parades in their communitiesC. going to public cemeteries to pay tribute to war heroesD. going to churches for memorial services20. In the U.S., constitutional amendment can go into effect after it is approved by _____.A. a two-thirds vote of both housesB. three-fourths of the states2C. two-thirds of the statesD. half of the states21. When the president of the U.S. signs an act passed by Congress into law, it still can becancelled if _____.A. the lower federal court decides that it goes against previous lawsB. the Supreme Court decides that it goes against previous lawsC. the lower federal court decides it is unconstitutionalD. the Supreme Court decides it is unconstitutional22. President Nixon decided to resign because he _____.A. refused to hand over the White House tapes to courtB. was tired of political struggle in Washington D.C.C. came to see that most probably he would be impeachedD. was deserted by the Republican Party23. In the United States, the first largest immigration movement took place _____.A. right after the War of IndependenceB. in the mid-1810sC. at the turn of the 20th centuryD. right after the Civil War24. The following are the factors that have contributed to the development of the U.S. economyEXCEPT _____.A. the vast space and resources of the landB. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunityC. English as its national languageD. hard work by the people25. Although Australia has a large area, _____ of the continent is desert or semi-desert.A. one –thirdB. two-thirdsC. halfD. more than half26. The Great Barrier Reef is included on the World Heritage list because it has _____.A. the most beautiful seascape in the worldB. the greatest number of islands in the worldC. the most diverse and complex marine life in the worldD. the longest coast in the world27. The first major discoveries, made in _____ in the early 1850s, resulted in gold rushes in Australia.A. QueenslandB. South AustraliaC. Victoria and TasmaniaD. Victoria and New South Wales28. In Australia, the role of the Senate is _____.A. to review bills passed by the House of RepresentativesB. to introduce "money bills"C. to interpret the ConstitutionD. to remove the prime minister from office29. In Australia, the leader of the majority party or the coalition heads the government as _____.3A. premierB. prime ministerC. chief executiveD. governor-general30. Traditionally, Australia has relied heavily on migrants _____.A. to build up its labor forceB. to defend its countryC. to change its way of lifeD. to improve its living standards31. In each of the ten Canadian provinces, the Queen is represented by _____.A. the speakerB. the Lord High CommissionerC. the Lieutenant-governorD. the Attorney-General32. By the British North America Act, Canada was made a _____ in 1867.A. dominionB. sovereign nationC. colonyD. member of the Commonwealth of Nations33. Who opened the interior of Canada to French fur traders and later colonizers in 1535?A. Samuel de Champlain.B. Jacques Cartier.C. John Cabot.D. Henry Hudson.34. Canada is bounded on the west by _____.A. the Pacific OceanB. the Atlantic OceanC. the Indian OceanD. the Arctic Ocean35. The majority of French-speaking Canadians live in _____.A. New BrunswickB. OntarioC. QuebecD. Nova Scotia36. The Parliament of Canada is made up of all the following EXCEPT _____.A. the CrownB. the SenateC. the House of CommonsD. the National Assembly37. The largest river in Ireland is _____.A. the Liffey RiverB. the Dodder RiverC. the Shannon RiverD. Lough Derg38. In Ireland Fianna Fail and Fine Gael are both descended from _____.A. the Irish Labor PartyB. Sinn FeinC. IRAD. the Progressive Democrats39. New Zealand’s highest peak is _____ in the mountain range called the central Southern Alps.A. Mount NgauruhoeB. Mount TongariroC. Mount CookD. Mount Taranaki40.Which of the following about New Zealand is true?A. New Zealand is a republic.B. Queen Elizabeth II is represented in New Zealand by the Governor-General.C.New Zealand has a bicameral parliament.D.New Zealand has three major political parties.PART TWO (60 POINTS)II.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points,3 points for each)41.What is a "copyright" library in Britain?442.Why is December 26th called "Boxing Day" in Britain?43.What happened in London in 1952 when 4,000 people were left dead or dying? one of the two major mountain ranges in the United States.45.What are the causes of success for Asian-Americans?46.What is The Waste Land by T.S. Eliot considered?47.Who were the first British settlers in Canada?48.How do children in remote areas of Australia receive their education?49.What is largely responsible for the lack of extreme summer heat and winter cold in Ireland?50.What is New Zealand’s system of government?III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points,5 points for each)51.The City of London52.Tomb of the Unknown Soldier53.Earl Warren54.MaoritangaIV.Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(10 points)55.Why is the United States called a nation of immigrants?56.What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?5。
全国2005年7月高等教育自学考试
全国2005年7月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522Ⅰ.Multiple Choice Questions.(40 points, 1 point for each)Directions: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question; and then write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1．The longest river in Britain is（）,which is 338 kilometers long.A．the Thames River B．the Severn RiverC．the Clyde D．the Tweed2．（）,the great Roman general, invaded Britain for the first time in 55 BC.A．Julius Caesar B．The Emperor Claudius C．Boadicea D．Agricola3．King Alfred made a treaty with Danes allowing them to keep the northern and eastern parts of England, which later became known as （）.A．Wessex B．NormandyC．“the Danelaw”D．Sussex4．William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as （）.A．William Rufus B．William the ConfessorC．William the Conqueror D．William the Great5．The spirit of （）was the limitation of the powers of the king.A．the Provision of Oxford B．the Book of DoomC．Domesday Book D．Magna Carta6．Although the Wars of he Roses were fought intermittently for （）years, ordinary people were little affected and went about their business as usual.A．20 B．30C．40 D．507．In Ireland and the Scottish Highlands （）led to mass emigration, particularly to the New World.A．the Black Death B．the Civil WarsC．the Great Famine D．land enclosure8．In the United Kingdom, free medical care for everyone and financial help for the old, the sick and the unemployed, which have become available since 1948, are the foundation of地址：北京市海淀区知春路1号学院国际大厦18层-第1页（）A．the welfare state B．the National Health ServiceC．the civil service D．the National Insurance Fund9．Margaret Thatcher believed in the following EXCEPT （）.A．self-reliance B．privatizationC．the strengthening of trade unions D．the use of monetarist policies to control inflation 10．The monarchy is the oldest institution of government, going back to at least （）century.A．the 8th B．the 9thC．the 10th D．the 11th11．All criminal trials are held in open court because the criminal law presumes the （）of the accused until he has been proved guilty beyond reasonable doubt.A．innocence B．honestyC．guilt D．impartiality12．Easter is traditionally associated with the following EXCEPT（）.A．the Resurrection of Christ B．the eating of Easter eggsC．the custom of giving presents D．the coming of spring13．（）is the most popular sport in England and in Europe.A．Rugby B．TennisC．Snooker D．Football14．Edinburgh International Festival of Music and Drama takes place for a period of 3 to 4 weeks between （）when Edinburgh becomes a center of cultural activity.A．July and August B．August and SeptemberC．September and October D．October and November15．Up to the end of WWI, there were （）waves of large-scale immgration to the United States.A．two B．threeC．four D．five16．The idea of containment was first brought up by（）.A．Harry Truman B．Franklin D. RooseveltC．Marshall D．George Kennan17．In the last great population movement in America, a large number of people moved to （）.A．the Northwest B．the sunbelt areasC．the South D．the West地址：北京市海淀区知春路1号学院国际大厦18层-第2页18．Who were the first settlers of the New England Region?A．Hispanic groups. B．English Puritans.C．German farmers. D．Asian Americans19．The Bill of Rights is the term used for （）to the Constitution of the United States. A．the first ten amendments B．the last ten amendmentsC．the tenth amendment D．the most important amendment20．The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by（）during the Civil War. A．George Washington B．Abraham LincolnC．Thomas Jefferson D．Franklin Roosevelt21．The Supreme Court played a role in approving the lawfulness of anti-Communist activities by（）.A．upholding the constitutionality of the Smith ActB．convicting 11 highranking Communist leadersC．supporting the trial of Alger HissD．supporting President Truman’s executive order22．The writers of the Constitution worked out the checks and balances in order to （）. A．prevent the government from misusing its powerB．prevent the government from being too strongC．prevent the government form being separatedD．prevent the government form losing its power23．In America, the first period of the party system refers to the appearance of （）. A．the FederalistsB．the Anti-FederalistsC．the Federalists and the Anti-FederalistsD．the Democratic- Republicans and the Anti-Federalists24．Nathaniel Hawthorne was one of those who （）transcendentalism. A．supported B．was indifferent toC．attacked D．had nothing to do with25．The first uniquely American contribution to architecture was the Skyscraper perfected by the （）architect, Louis Sullivan.A．New York City B．ChicagoC．Washington D．Detroit26．Today there are altogether（）departments of the U.S. government.A．11 B．13C．15 D．17地址：北京市海淀区知春路1号学院国际大厦18层-第3页27．Which of the following is NOT associated with Halloween?（）A．“Trick or treat”B．“eating eggs”C．bonfire D．pumpkin-lanterns28．The first Thanksgiving Day was celebrated by the Puritans in Plymouth, Massachusetts on （）,1621.A．January 13 B．April 13C．October 13 D．December 1329．About two thirds of Canada’s petroleum and about four fifths of its natural gas come from （）.A．Alberta B．MontrealC．Quebec D．Vancouver30．Under （）,the Upper Canada and Lower Canada were united again and given internal self-government in 1848.A．the Act of UnionB．the British North America ActC．the Quebec ActD．the Statute of Westminister31．Indigenous people make up about 1.5% of the Canadian population .They are （）. A．Indians and Africans B．Aborigines and IndiansC．the Eskimo and Aborigines D．American Indians and the Eskimo 32．Since 1971 the Canadian government has adopted a policy of （）,recognizing that cultural pluralism within a bilingual framework is the essence of the Canadian identity. A．assimilation B．integrationC．multiculturalism D．gender equality33．The main feature of Australia’s trade is that（）.A．it is mainly with developing countries and Great BritainB．there is the decline of manufacturing industries and the high tariffsC．there is over-reliance on commodity exportsD．it has always involved the exchange of raw materials for finished products34．The history of Australia began with（）.A．the arrival of AboriginesB．the colonization of Australia by the BritishC．the founding of the Commonwealth of AustraliaD．the First World War35．Victoria is also known as （）.A．the garden state B．the premier state地址：北京市海淀区知春路1号学院国际大厦18层-第4页C．the sunshine state D．the state of excitement36．The Australian Constitution can only be changed by （）.A．the Parliament B．the QueenC．the Executive D．referendum37．Ireland is one of the most （）countries of Europe.A．Christian B．CatholicC．Buddhist D．Protestant38．The population of Ireland is predominantly of （）origin.A．English B．CelticC．Norman D．French39．In 1893 New Zealand became the first country in the world（）.A．to adopt the 40-hour working weekB．to introduce old age pensionsC．to introduce the Accident Compensation ActD．to give women the vote40．Nearly three –quarters of the population (including more than 50% of the New Zealanders) live in （）.A．South Island B．North IslandC．Stewart Island D．the Chatham IslandsⅡ.Answer the Following Questions Briefly.(30 points,3 points for each)Directions: Give a one –sentence answer to each of the following questions and then write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.41.What does the British parliament consist of ?42.What are the chief purposes of the penal system of Britain?43.How did Elizabeth I manage to maintain a friendly relationship with France?44.How many states are there in the United States? Which one is the largest and which one is the smallest in area?45.What is “winner-take-all”system?46.Why was Lincoln considered to be a man who lived out the American Dream?47.Why were the French Troops in Canada defeated by the British during the Seven Years’ War?48.What does the Red Centre refer to in Australia?49.When did the first European come to New Zealand and what was his name and nationality?50.What kind of climate does Ireland have?Ⅲ.Term Explanation.(20 points,5 points for each)Directions: Explain each of the following terms in English and then write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet in around 40 words.地址：北京市海淀区知春路1号学院国际大厦18层-第5页51.Reuters52.the Gettysburg Address53.the Great Lakes54.the DreamingⅤ.Essay Questions.(10 points)Directions: Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.55.What were the characteristics of the English Renaissance?56.What were the consequences of the Vietnam War?地址：北京市海淀区知春路1号学院国际大厦18层-第6页。
00522“英语国家概况”新大纲中文考点
“英语国家概况”新大纲中文考点英国概况1. Land and People 国土与人民Different names for Britain and its parts 英国的不同名称及其区域正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
简称：联合王国，或UK.首都伦敦。
它包括不列颠岛和北爱尔兰。
不列颠诸岛：包括不列颠岛，爱尔兰岛和几百个小岛。
爱尔兰岛：岛的北部地区，即北爱尔兰属于联合王国；岛的南部地区，称为爱尔兰共和国或爱尔兰，1949年独立，首都是都柏林。
三个政治区域：英格兰，苏格兰，威尔士。
由于帝国主义扩张政策，英国成为一个帝国。
两次世界大战后，其殖民地不断独立，大英帝国逐渐消失，1931年由英联邦取代。
英联邦：是由原英国殖民地组成的一个自由联合体，各独立成员国间，根据贸易协议实行经济合作。
英联邦没有特别的权力，目前有50个成员国。
2. Origins of the Nation 英国的起源Arrival and settlement of the Celts 凯尔特人的到来和迁居自公元前700年不断迁入，来自东欧及中欧，即现在的法国，比利时和德国南部。
三次入侵高潮：第一次是公元前600年，盖尔人。
第二次是公元前400年，布立吞（不列颠）人。
第三次是公元前150年，贝尔盖人。
强大的酋长卡西弗洛诺斯，莎士比亚剧本中的辛白林。
技艺：农耕，沼泽地排水，修建房屋，铁匠。
后裔：山地苏格兰人，爱尔兰人，威尔士人。
语言：是威尔士语和盖尔语的基础。
宗教：德鲁伊德教。
德鲁伊德指智者，占星家和占卜者。
采用活人祭祀。
Basis of modern English race：the Anglo-Saxons 现代英格兰民族的基础：盎格鲁——撒克逊人三支日尔曼（条顿）部落的入侵：朱特人：来自朱特兰岛（现丹麦南部）。
酋长亨及斯特和霍塞，帮助肯特国王伏泰根驱逐皮克特人和苏格兰人后，转而攻击伏泰根，最终亨及斯特成为肯特国王。
撒尔逊人：来自德国北部。
英语国家概况课程教学大纲
《英语国家概况》课程教学大纲一、课程基本信息课程代码：03050201222课程类别：必修课学时：总36学时；2学时/周学分：2学分适用专业：英语开课院（系）：英语语言文化系开课学期：2009～2010学年第一学期二、教学目标及教学要求教学目标：根据全国专业英语教学大纲的要求，英语专业二年级英语国家概况的教学目标是培养学生实际运用语言的能力，帮助学生打下坚实的专业基础，达到专业四级水平；同时培养学生良好学习作风和正确学习方法，培养学生逻辑思维能力和独立工作能力，丰富学生社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异的敏感性，为学生升入三年级打下扎实基础。
教学要求：本课程主要是为了使英语专业学生了解主要英语国家的地理、历史、经济、政治等方面的概况，了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的其他情况。
本课程是一门实用性很强的文化知识课。
一方面通过英语阅读主要英语国家的背景材料扩大知识面，另一方面通过学习文化知识进行语言基本功的训练，巩固和提高英语水平。
三、教学内容及学时分配1. 第一章Britain: Land and People (2学时)目的要求：掌握英国的自然、地理、人口概况。
基本内容：英国的自然自然、地理、人口概况。
重点难点：英国的国家名称及其组成成分。
2. 第二章Britain: History I （2学时）目的要求：英国的古代史。
基本内容: 英国的古代史。
重点难点：英国历史上主要的入侵者，如：盎格鲁·萨克逊人；诺曼征服及其影响。
3. 第三章Britain: History II（2学时）目的要求：英国的形成。
基本内容: 英国的形成。
重点难点：英国历史上的大宪章，百年战争，及其黑死病等重要历史事件。
4. 第四章Britain: History III（2学时）目的要求：英国的近代史。
基本内容：英国的近代史。
重点难点：英国宗教改革，文艺复兴，英国内战，光荣革命。
5. 第五章Britain: History IV（2学时）目的要求：英国的现代史。
00522自考英语国家概况-试卷（答案全面）
00522⾃考英语国家概况-试卷（答案全⾯）⾃考课程综合测验英语国家概况试卷（课程代码 00522 ）⼀、单项选择题（每⼩题2分，共40分） 1. is the largest island in Europe.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. IrelandD. Great Britain 2. The UK is bordered on the south by . A. the North Sea B. the English Channel C. the Irish Sea D. the Atlantic Ocean 3. The capital of the UK is .A. EdinburghB. LondonC. LiverpoolD. Birmingham 4. The longest rivers in Britain are the Thames and .A. the MerseyB. the River HumberC. the SevernD. the Tyne River 5. The first known settlers of Britain were the .A. CeltsB. Anglo-SaxonsC. RomansD. Iberians 6. It is that brought the new religion, Christianity, to Britain.A. the RomansB. the CeltsC. the Anglo-SaxonsD. the Viking and Danish Invasions 7. Among the following groups of people, the came to Britain first. A. Jutes B. Angles C. Saxons D. Normans8. The Conquest in 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history. A. Roman B. Viking C. Anglo-Saxon D. Norman9. Under , the feudal system in England was completely established. A. Edward I B. Henry II C. King Alfred D. William the Conqueror 10. The Magna Carta was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between .A. the Crown and the BaronsB. the king and the parliamentC. the aristocrats and the middle classD. the monarch and the working people 11. The name of the Hundr ed Years’ War is given to the intermittent war between .A. France and EnglandB. Spain and EnglandC. Germany and EnglandD. America and England12. in the 14th century was the modern name given to the plague, an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas.A. Brid FluB. Black DeathC. Yellow FeverD. Scarlet Fever 13. was above all responsible for the religious reform in England.A. Alfred the GreatB. Edward IC. Henry VIIID. William the Conqueror 14. declared that he, and not the Pope, was the Supreme Head of the Church of England in 1535.A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Henry VIII 15. Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, was Elizabeth I ’s . A. sister B. daughter C. cousin D. half-sister 16. The English Renaissance was largely .A. literaryB. politicalC. religiousD. philosophical 17. The Chartist movement was the first nationwide movement.A. working classB. lower middle classC. upper middle classD. upper class18. The Seven Years’ War was fought between Britain and for the colonization in North America. A. Spain B. Russia C. Holland D. France19. During the late 18th and early 19th centuries the system ended when the Enclosure Acts were introduced. A. tenant B. feudal C. open-field D. enclosed field 20. modified and improved the design of the steam engine in 1765.A. James WattB. Abraham DarbyC. Richard ArkwrightD. Henry Court⼆、论述题（15分）Describe the geographical position of the UK.三、论述题（15分）What do you know about King Alfred? What makes him worthy of the title of “Alfred the Great?年级班级准考证号姓名四、论述题（15分）What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?五、论述题（15分）What do you know about land enclosures in Britain?答案：。
《英语国家概况》自学教材目录及考试大纲
附：自学考试《英语国家概况》自学考试教材目录（课程代码：0522）Part one The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter1Land and PeopleChapter2The Origins of a Nation(5000BC-AD1066)Chapter3The Shaping of the Nation(1066——1381)Chapter4Transition tO the Modern Age(1455——1688)Chapter5The Rise and Fall of the British Empire(1688——1990)Chapter6The EconomyChapter7Government and AdministrationChapter8Justice and the LawChapter9Social AffairsChapter10Cultural AffairsPart Two The Republic of IrelandChapter11Geography and HistoryChapter12Ireland TodayPart Three The United States of AmericaChapter13GeographyChapter14Population．Race and Ethnic GroupsChapter15American History(I)(1600——1900)Chapter16American History(II)(1900-1945)Chapter17American History(III)America in Post Era(1945-1980s)Chapter18The EconomyChapter19Political InstitutionsChapter20EducationChapter21Literature．Architecture and MusicChapter22Holidays and FestivalsPart Four CanadaChapter23Geography and HistoryChapter24The EconomyChapter25Government and PoliticsChapter26Society and CulturePart Five AustraliaChapter27Land and PeopleChapter28Australian History(I)Australia to FederationChapter29Australian History(II)Australia Since FederationChapter30The EconomyChapter31Government and PoliticsChapter32Society and CulturePart Six New ZealandChapter33The Making of New ZealandChapter34New Zealand Today第一部分英国概况第一章国土和人民第二章英国民族起源（5000BC~AD1066）第三章民族的形成（1066~1381）第四章向现代过渡时期的英国（1455~1688）第五章大英帝国的兴衰（1688~1990）第六章经济第七章英国政府机构第八章法律与司法机构第九章英国社会第十章英国文化第二部分爱尔兰概况第十一章爱尔兰地理与历史第十二章今日爱尔兰第三部分美国概况第十三章美国地理第十四章人口、种族和种族集团第十五章美国历史（I）（1600~1900）第十六章美国历史（II）（1900~1945）第十七章美国历史（III）二次大战后的美国（1945-1980S）第十八章美国经济第十九章政治体制第二十章教育第二十一章文学、建筑和音乐第二十二章假日和节日第四部分加拿大概况第二十三章加拿大地理与历史第二十四章加拿大经济第二十五章加拿大政府与政治第二十六章加拿大的社会与文化第五部分澳大利亚概况第二十七章土地与人民第二十八章澳大利亚联邦成立之前的历史第二十九章澳大利亚联邦成立以来的历史第三十章澳大利亚经济第三十一章澳大利亚政府与政治制度第三十二章澳大利亚社会与文化第六部分新西兰概况第三十三章新西兰地理与历史第三十四章今日新西兰附件：《英语国家概况自学考试大纲》的考核目标Part One The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter1Land and PeopleI.Different Names for Britain and its PartsChapter2The Origins of a NationI．Early Settlers3．The CeltsII．Roman BritainIII．The Anglo-SaxonsⅣ．The Viking and Danish InvasionsV．The Norman ConquestChapter3The Shaping of the NationⅠ．Norman Rule1.William’s RuleⅡ．The Great Charter and the Beginning of Parliament1.The Great CharterⅢ．The Hundred Years’War with FranceⅣ．The Black Death and the Peasant UprisingChapter4Transition to the Modern AgeⅠ．Transition to the Modern AgeⅡ．The English ReformationⅢ．Elizabeth I1.Elizabeth and Parliament2.Elizabeth’s Religious Reform3.Elizabeth’s Foreign PolicyⅣ．The English RenaissanceVII.The Civil WarsVIII.The CommonwealthIX.The Restoration and the Glorious Revolution of1688Chapter5The Rise and Fall of the British EmpireⅠ．Whigs and ToriesⅡ．Agricultural Changes in the Late18th CenturyⅢ．The Industrial RevolutionⅣ．The Chartist MovementVII．Twentieth Century1.Britain and the First World War3.Britain and the Second World War4.Postwar BritainChapter7Government and AdministrationⅠ．The MonarchyⅡ．Parliament1.The House of Lords2.The House of CommonsⅢ．The Cabinet and MinistryⅣ．The Privy CouncilChapter8Justice and the LawIV．The JudiciaryV．PoliceChapter9Social AffairsⅠ．Health and Social Services1．The National Health ServiceⅢ．Religion1．Established churchesⅣ．Festivals and Public Holidays1．Christian festivals2．Other festivals3．Public holidaysChapter10Cultural AffairsⅠ．Education3．Higher educationⅡ．The Media1．NewspapersⅢ．SportsⅣ．The Arts3．DramaPart Two The Republic of Ireland Chapter11Geography and HistoryI.Geographical FeaturesII.Climate and WeatherIII.Population and ReligionIV.Historical backgroundPart Three The United States of America Chapter14Population,Race and Ethnic GroupsI.IntroductionIV.Racial and Ethnic Minorities1．BlacksChapter15American History(I)Ⅰ．Discovery of the New WorldⅡ．The Colonial PeriodⅢ．The War of IndependenceⅣ．A New Form of GovernmentⅥ．Territorial Expansion and Westward MovementⅦ．The Civil WarⅧ．Rapid Growth of Capitalism after the Civil WarChapter16American History(II)Ⅰ．Economic DevelopmentⅡ．ProgressivismⅢ．World War I and the United StatesⅣ．The United States in the1920sⅤ．The Great Depression and the New DealⅥ．World War II and the United StatesChapter17American History(III)Ⅰ．The Origins of the Cold WarⅡ．The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan V．McCarthyismVII．American Society During the Postwar Boom:1945-1960s VIII．The Cuban Missile CrisisIX．The Vietnam WarX．United States’Relations with ChinaXII．Watergate ScandalChapter18The Economy(Two paragraphs)Ⅰ．The Economic System of the United StatesV．Foreign TradeVI．Problems in the U.S.EconomyChapter19Political InstitutionsⅠ．The U.S.Constitution1．The Federal system2．Separation of powers:checks and balances3．Provisions for amendmentⅡ．The Executive Branch1．The Presidency2．Presidential PowersⅢ．The Legislative Branch2.Powers of the House and Senate3.Officers of the Congress4.Functions of the CongressⅤ．Political Parties(two-party system)Chapter20EducationⅠ．Characteristics of American EducationⅡ．Elementary and Secondary EducationⅢ．Higher EducationⅤ．Education ReformsChapter21Literature,Architecture and MusicⅠ．American Literature1．Washington Irving2．Emerson and Hawthorne3．Mark Twain4．Whitman and Dickinson5．Theodore Dreiser6．T.S.Eliot7．Ernest Hemingway8．Hughes and WrightChapter22Holidays and FestivalsⅠ．New Year’s DayIV．Valentine’s DayVI．Easter DayVIII．Independence DayIX．HalloweenXI．Thanksgiving DayⅩII．Christmas DayPart Four Canada Chapter23Geography and HistoryⅠ．Geographic Features4.Geographic regionsⅡ．The making of Canada1．The European discovery3．Self-government and Confederation4．The Canadian nationChapter26Society and CultureI．Canadian Society1．Population2．Immigration3．Bilingualism4．MulticulturalismPart Five Australia Chapter27Land and peopleⅠ．The Geographical Structure1．The Great Western Plateau2．The Eastern Highlands3．The Central Eastern LowlandsⅡ．Climate3.Causes and effects of the hot and dry climate Ⅳ．People1．Population2．Population density and distributionⅤ．Australia’s Built Environment1．Sprawling cities2．Rural areasⅥ．Political Divisions1．New South Wales2．Victoria3．Queensland4．South Australia5．West Australia6．TasmaniaChapter32Society and CultureIV．Australian Culture1．Aboriginal culture2．Modern Australian culturePart Six New Zealand Chapter33The Making of New ZealandⅠ．GeographyⅡ．ClimateⅢ．Plants and AnimalsⅣ．Historical Background2．The Treaty of Waitangi1840VI.Maoritanga5.Race relations《<英语国家概况>自考辅导》目录（配合《英语国家概况》余志远，外语教学与研究出版社2005版）Part One The United Kingdom of Great Britain and North IrelandChapter1Land and People(英国的国土与人民)Chapter2The origins of the Nation(国家的起源)Chapter3The Shaping of the Nation(英国的形式)Chapter4Transition to the Modern Age(向现代过度的英国)Chapter5The Rise and Fall of the British Empire(英帝国的兴衰)Chapter6The Economy(英国经济)Chapter7Government and Administration(英国政府机构)Chapter8Justice and the Law（法律和司法机构）Chapter9Social Affairs(社会事务)Chapter10Cultural Affairs(文化事务)Part Two The Republic of IrelandThe Republic of Ireland(爱尔兰共和国)Part Three United States of AmericaChapter1A Survey of American Natural Circumstances and Geography(美国的自然环境和地理概况)Chapter2People and Ethnic Groups(人口和名族)Chapter3American History(Ⅰ)(1600-1900)(美国历史)Chapter4American History(Ⅱ)(1900-1945)(美国历史)Chapter5American History(Ⅲ)(1945-1980s’)(美国历史)Chapter6American Literature(美国文学)Chapter7American Economy(美国经济)Chapter8American Politics(美国政治)Chapter9American Education(教育)Chapter10American Music,Architecture and Newspaper（音乐、建筑和报纸）Chapter11Holidays and Festivals（美国的节假日）Part Four CanadaChapter1The History of Chanada（加拿大的历史）Chapter2Canadian Geography(加拿大地理)Chapter3The Economy（经济）Chapter4Government and Politics（政府和政治）Chapter5Society and Culture（社会与文化）Part Five AustraliaChapter1Australia”s Land and People（澳大利亚的国土与人口）Chapter2Australian History（澳大利亚历史）Chapter3Australian Economy（澳大利亚经济）Chapter4Polotical System(澳大利亚政治体制）Chapter5Society and Culture（社会与文化）Part Six New ZealandChapter1The making of New of New Zealand（地理与历史）Chapter2New Zealand Today（今日新新西兰）。
自考“英语国家概况”大纲详解（4）
6. Government and Administration 政府与⾏政机构 The British Constitution 英国宪法 联合王国是君主⽴宪制国家，国家的⾸脑是国王或⼥王。
联合王国以君的名义，由国王或⼥王陛下政府治理。
英国的议会制度并不是基于成⽂宪法，联合王国没有感性认识宪法。
英国宪法不由单⼀⽂件构成，⽽由成⽂法，习惯法和惯例组成。
司法部门裁定习惯法或解释成⽂法。
Constitutional Monarchy in Britain 英国的君主⽴宪制 今天的君主政体实际已⽆实权，它的权⼒受限于法律和议会。
君主⽴宪制是从1688年的光荣⾰命后开始。
英国现任君主伊莉莎⽩⼆世，她的全称是“上帝神佑，⼤布列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国以及她的其他领⼟和领地的⼥王，英联邦元⾸，国教保护者伊莉莎⽩⼆世。
” ⼥王是国家的象征。
从法律上讲，她是⾏政⾸脑，⽴法机构的组成部分，司法⾸脑，全国武装部队总司令，英国国教“⾄⾼⽆上”的领袖。
她任命⾸相和重要的政府官员。
对议会通过的法案给予御准。
⼥王还是国家礼仪的中⼼⼈物，也是社会领袖。
六⽉君主的⽣⽇要正式庆祝。
在爱丁堡公爵的陪同下，⼥王对外国政府进⾏国事访问。
⼥王从事公务所花的费⽤，从英国王室费中⽀付，或由政府部门⽀付，这些出⽀都由议会批准。
The British Parliament and its functions 英国的议会及其作⽤ 英国是中央集权国家，⽽不是联邦制国家。
议会由君主，上议院和下议院组成。
只有在议会举⾏正式开幕式这样具有象征意义的场合时，三个组成部分才聚在⼀起。
议会的主要作⽤是：（1）通过⽴法；（2）投票批准税为政府⼯作提供资⾦；（3）检查政府政策和⾏政管理，包括拨款提议；（4）当天的议题辩论。
The British government 英国的政府 议会通过必要的⽴法后，政府部门及其下属机构，是实施政府政策，并向⼤⾂提出建议的主要机构。
00522英语国家概况201004-推荐下载
2010年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question，four suggested answers marked A，B，C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(50 points，1 point for each)1.____C_______of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history, in which William，the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his followers.A. The Roman Conquest 罗马B. The Anglo-Saxon ConquestC. The Norman Conquest诺曼征服D. The Celt Conquest2.As a result of the Black Death，___C________.A. all land was left untendedB. no labor was required any longerC. 1and owners tended to change from arable to sheep-farmingD. surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages3.Which of the following statements about Elizabeth I(1 55 8-1 603)is true? BA. Elizabeth was 35 when she came to the throne.B. Elizabeth remained single.C. Elizabeth was not able to work with Parliament.D. Her reign was a time of diminishing English nationalism.4. _____D______ was not in the“Allies” in the First World War.A. BritainB. FranceC. RussiaD. Turkey5.The English Civil War is also called _____B______ .A. the Revolutionary WarB. the Puritan RevolutionC. the ReformationD. the Renaissance6.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen .In practice，_____B______.A. Parliament rules the countryB. the Sovereign reigns but does not ruleC. the Sovereign rules but does not reignD. the Prime Minister rules and reigns7.In January,1973，Britain finally became a full member of the_____C______，which was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957.A. Organization of Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentB. Organization of European DevelopmentC. European Economic CommunityD. European Union8.The____D_______refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.A. UrbanizationB. Economic BoomC. Glorious RevolutionD. Industrial Revolution9.The major Christian festivals in Britain are_________B__ .A. Christmas, Easter and Mother’s DayB. Christmas, Easter and Whit SundayC. Christmas，Guy Fawkes Day and St. Patrick’s DayD. Christmas，Whit Sunday and St. George’s Day10.The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. At present there are ____C_______ countries within the Commonwealth (1991).A. 30B. 40C. 50D. 6011.Among the three tribes of the Celts coming to Britain, the most industrious and vigorous of the Celtic tribes was the _____C______ .A. GaelsB. BrythonsC. BelgaeD. Vikings12.Political change in England came mainly through______A_____.A. gradual reformB. revolutionC. people’s uprisingsD. working class movement13.The two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are _____B_____ .A. the Democratic Party and the Republican PartyB. the Conservative Party and the Labor PartyC. the Labor Party and the Social Democratic PartyD. the Labor Party and the Democratic Party14.______C_____’s reign was a time of confident English nationalism and of great achievements in literature and other arts. in exploration and in battle.A. MaryB. Henry VIIIC. E1izabeth ID. Charles II15.After the Restoration，Parliament passed a series of severe laws called _____C_______against the Puritans，now known as Nonconformists.A. Agreement of the PeopleB. the Petition of the RightC. the Clarendon CodeD. the Act of Supremacy16.Which statement about the“Wars of Roses”is NOT true? BA. The king’s power now became supreme.B. Ordinary people were seriously affected.C. The wars were waged intermittently for 30 years.D. From these wars feudalism received its death blow.1 7.The finest exponents of Elizabethan drama in the English Renaissance were ___D________ .A. Ben Johnson，Christopher Marlowe and Charles DickensB. Edmund Spenser, Charles Dickens and William ShakespeareC. William Shakespeare, Ben Johnson and Charles DickensD. William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Johnson18.The Chartist movement was the first nationwide ____A_______ movement.A. working classB. lower middle classC. upper middle classD. upper class19._______A_______led the U.K. to final victory in the Second World War.A. Winston ChurchillB. Neville ChamberlainC. Tony BlairD. William Gladstone20.Which statement about the religion in Britain is true? CA. Every person in Britain may change his religion，but with difficulty.B. Every person may not manifest his faith in teaching，worship and observance.C. Every person has the right to religious freedom without interference from the community or the State.D. Churches and religious societies of any kind cannot own property and propagate their beliefs in speeches and writing.21.In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)_____C______navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A. FrenchB. SpanishC. ItalianD. English22.American troops defeated the British at______A_____ in Northern New York. This was agreat turning point of the American War of Independence，leading directly to an alliance between the U.S. and France.A. SaratogaB. TrentonC. LexingtonD. Yorktown23.In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate. The meeting came to be called the ______C_____ .A. First Continental CongressB. Second Continental CongressC. Constitutional ConventionD. Independent Convention24.Which of the following is NOT among President Theodore Roosevelt’s contributions? DA. The implementation of the Sherman Anti-trust Act.B. The initiation of large-scale irrigation projects.C. The adoption of the Hepburn Act of 1906.D. The passage of the Federal Reserve Act.25.______C_____Was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U.S. in 1929.A. Business bankruptcyB. Serious unemploymentC. The stock market crashD. Foreclosures26.During the Second World War, American wartime objectives were the total destruction of______A_____ powers and the establishment of a world order.A. AxisB. AsianC. AlliedD. European27.In 1932，in the depth of the depression，the American people chose ____B_______ as their next president who promised to get the U.S. out of the depression.A. Theodore RooseveltB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert C. Hoovercation was made a function of the state under the ____A_______Amendment to the US Constitution.A. TenthB. EleventhC. TwelfthD. Thirteenth29.McCarthyism was a full-scale ___D________hysteria in the United States in the 1950s.A. pro-NaziB. anti-FascistC. pro-CommunistD. anti-Communist30.On June 5，1947，__B_________suggested that the US should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.A. George KennanB. George Marshall马歇尔C. Dwight EisenhowerD. James F. Byrnes31.A decision to set up a world organization，the United Nations，was made at_____A______.A. Yalta ConferenceB. Potsdam ConferenceC. Teheran ConferenceD. Paris Conference32.The safeguards against abuse of powers in the United States come in the form of____A_______.A. separation of powersB. executive ordersC. presidential electionsD. judicial reviews33.______D____Was meant to guarantee the blacks and others the right to vote.A. Emancipation Proclamation in 1863B. The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1865C. The Civil Rights Act of 1964D. The Voting Rights Act of 196534.Woman obtained voting right from the____C_______ Amendment to the Constitution.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th35.Of the four kinds of high schools，_____B______ones only aim to prepare students for college.A. comprehensiveB. academicC. vocationalD. technical36.There have been____C______ periods in the development of American political parties inthe United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five37.The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of_____B______.A. material failureB. spiritual frustrationC. political setbacksD. welfare reform38.______A_____is the largest single source of goods imported by the U.S.，accounting for nearly30％of the total.A. CanadaB. MexicoC. JapanD. European Union39.Mark Twain’s masterwork was ____D_______ .A. The Scarlet LetterB. Leaves of GrassC. The Sketch BookD. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn40.In the early part of the 19th century，____D_______was the center of American writing.A. BostonB. PhiladelphiaC. ChicagoD. New York City41.Tourist trade is important in economy in ______B_____with rich green mountains and valleys.A. British ColumbiaB. Atlantic provincesC. the Canadian-ShieldD. St. Lawrence-Great Lakes provinces42.Which of the following about Canada in World War I is NOT true? AA. It founded its navy to enter World War I.B. It took a seat as a member of the League of Nations.C. It won the right to sign the Peace Treaty of 1919 in its own name.D. It has found its place among the nations of the world since World War I.43.Generally speaking，Canada can be divided into_____D______ geographical regions.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six44.Which of the following statements about Australia is true? BA. It is the world’s fifth largest country and is surrounded by sea.B. It is the smallest and the only continent that contains only one country.C. It is a continent that contains only Australia and New Zealand.D. It is the world’s smallest continent and the world’s fourth largest country.45.The first Australian colony, established by Britain in 1788 and called the premier state，is ____D_______ .A. VictoriaB. TasmaniaC. QueenslandD. New South Wales46.The Australian political division borders are drawn_____A______.A. along straight lines of latitude and longitudeB. along rivers and forestsC. along mountain rangesD. along natural features47.The only native mammals in New Zealand are______B_____.A. rabbitsB. batsC. opossumsD. goats48.A chain of mountains runs almost the whole length of South Island in New Zealand. The highest peak is_____B_____.A. Mt RuapehuB. Mt CookC. Mt NgaurohoeD. Mt Tongariro49.One of the four unusual demographic features of Ireland is_____B______.A. an early marriage ageB. an excess of males in the populationC. a low proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all agesD. a high birthrate compounded by a century of emigration50.Migration in Ireland declined sharply____D_______.A. during WWIB. in recent yearsC. in the early decades of the 20th centuryD. after the establishment of the Irish Free StateII.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points，3 points for each)51.What is the Magna Carta also known as?52.Who has the power to declare war and make peace in the U.K.?53.What are the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?54.When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?55.What foreign policy did the American government pursue in the early 1930s?56.What are Conglomerates in the USA?57.Where is the name“Canada”believed to have come from?58.Why does Great Britain have the greatest influence upon Australia?59.What is Maoritanga?60.What was the consequence of the the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?III.Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points，5 points for each)61.the House of Commons62.English feudal system63.the U.S. two-party system64.the New Deal。
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附件：《英语国家概况自学考试大纲》的考核目标Part One The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandChapter 1 Land and PeopleI. Different Names for Britain and its PartsChapter 2 The Origins of a NationI．Early Settlers3．The CeltsII．Roman BritainIII．The Anglo-SaxonsⅣ．The Viking and Danish InvasionsV．The Norman ConquestChapter 3 The Shaping of the NationⅠ．Norman Rule1. William’s RuleⅡ．The Great Charter and the Beginning of Parliament1. The Great CharterⅢ．The Hundred Years’ War with FranceⅣ．The Black Death and the Peasant UprisingChapter 4 Transition to the Modern AgeⅠ．Transition to the Modern AgeⅡ．The English ReformationⅢ．Elizabeth I1. Elizabeth and Parliament2. Elizabeth’s Religious Reform3. Elizabeth’s Foreign PolicyⅣ．The English RenaissanceVII. The Civil WarsVIII. The CommonwealthIX. The Restoration and the Glorious Revolution of 1688Chapter 5 The Rise and Fall of the British EmpireⅠ．Whigs and ToriesⅡ．Agricultural Changes in the Late 18th CenturyⅢ．The Industrial RevolutionⅣ．The Chartist Movement VII．Twentieth Century1. Britain and the First World War3. Britain and the Second World War4. Postwar BritainChapter 7 Government and Administration Ⅰ．The MonarchyⅡ．Parliament1. The House of Lords2. The House of CommonsⅢ．The Cabinet and MinistryⅣ．The Privy CouncilChapter 8 Justice and the LawIV．The JudiciaryV．PoliceChapter 9 Social AffairsⅠ．Health and Social Services1．The National Health Service Ⅲ．Religion1．Established churches Ⅳ．Festivals and Public Holidays1．Christian festivals2．Other festivals3．Public holidaysChapter 10 Cultural Affairs Ⅰ．Education3．Higher educationⅡ．The Media1．NewspapersⅢ．SportsⅣ．The Arts3．DramaPart Two The Republic of IrelandChapter 11 Geography and HistoryI. Geographical FeaturesII. Climate and WeatherIII. Population and ReligionIV. Historical backgroundPart Three The United States of AmericaChapter 14 Population, Race and Ethnic GroupsI. IntroductionIV.Racial and Ethnic Minorities1．BlacksChapter 15 American History (I)Ⅰ．Discovery of the New WorldⅡ．The Colonial PeriodⅢ．The War of IndependenceⅣ．A New Form of GovernmentⅥ．Territorial Expansion and Westward MovementⅦ．The Civil WarⅧ．Rapid Growth of Capitalism after the Civil WarChapter 16 American History (II)Ⅰ．Economic DevelopmentⅡ．ProgressivismⅢ．World War I and the United StatesⅣ．The United States in the 1920sⅤ．The Great Depression and the New DealⅥ．World War II and the United StatesChapter 17 American History (III)Ⅰ．The Origins of the Cold WarⅡ．The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan V．McCarthyismVII．American Society During the Postwar Boom: 1945-1960sVIII．The Cuban Missile CrisisIX．The Vietnam WarX．United States’ Relations with China XII．Watergate ScandalChapter 18 The Economy(Two paragraphs)Ⅰ．The Economic System of the United States V．Foreign TradeVI．Problems in the U.S. EconomyChapter 19 Political InstitutionsⅠ．The U.S. Constitution1．The Federal system2．Separation of powers: checks and balances3．Provisions for amendmentⅡ．The Executive Branch1．The Presidency2．Presidential PowersⅢ．The Legislative Branch2. Powers of the House and Senate3. Officers of the Congress4. Functions of the CongressⅤ．Political Parties (two-party system)Chapter 20 EducationⅠ．Characteristics of American Education Ⅱ．Elementary and Secondary Education Ⅲ．Higher EducationⅤ．Education ReformsChapter 21 Literature, Architecture and Music Ⅰ．American Literature1．Washington Irving2．Emerson and Hawthorne3．Mark Twain4．Whitman and Dickinson5．Theodore Dreiser6．T. S. Eliot7．Ernest Hemingway8．Hughes and WrightChapter 22 Holidays and FestivalsⅠ．New Year’s DayIV．Valentine’s DayVI．Easter DayVIII．Independence DayIX．HalloweenXI．Thanksgiving DayⅩII．Christmas DayPart Four CanadaChapter 23 Geography and History Ⅰ．Geographic Features4. Geographic regionsⅡ．The making of Canada1．The European discovery3．Self-government and Confederation4．The Canadian nationChapter 26 Society and CultureI．Canadian Society1．Population2．Immigration3．Bilingualism4．MulticulturalismPart Five AustraliaChapter 27 Land and peopleⅠ．The Geographical Structure1．The Great Western Plateau2．The Eastern Highlands3．The Central Eastern LowlandsⅡ．Climate3. Causes and effects of the hot and dry climate Ⅳ．People1．Population2．Population density and distribution Ⅴ．Australia’s Built Envir onment1．Sprawling cities2．Rural areasⅥ．Political Divisions1．New South Wales2．Victoria3．Queensland4．South Australia5．West Australia6．TasmaniaChapter 32 Society and CultureIV．Australian Culture1．Aboriginal culture2．Modern Australian culturePart Six New ZealandChapter 33 The Making of New Zealand Ⅰ．GeographyⅡ．ClimateⅢ．Plants and AnimalsⅣ．Historical Background2．The Treaty of Waitangi 1840VI. Maoritanga5. Race relations。