【2019年备考】中考英语语法专题复习—句子成分专题(原卷版)
初三英语语法专题复习11-句子成分
初三专题复习训练十一——句子成分一.选出划线部分在句子中的成分：( ) 1. He made it clear that he would leave the city.A)主语B) 谓语C) 宾语D) 宾补( ) 2. He loves music more than anything else in the world.A)主语B) 谓语C) 宾语D) 宾补( ) 3. Luckily, the earthquake did not happen in the centre of town.A)定语B) 谓语C) 状语D) 宾补( ) 4. They pushed the door open.A)主语B) 谓语C) 宾语D) 宾补( ) 5. The old man lives alone.A)定语B) 谓语C) 状语D) 宾补( ) 6. He didn't come. That is why he didn't know about the news.A)主语B) 谓语C) 宾语D) 宾补( ) 7. He was asked to sing an English song.A)主语B) 谓语C) 定语D) 状语( ) 8. He wrote carefully his name and address on the blackboard.A)主语B) 谓语C) 谓语D) 定语二.指出划线部分的成分：1.The computer shop is on the other side of the street.2.Many people buy insurance for their jewellery.3.If you ask Ben to work for you, you should pay him 20 yuan an hour.4.What an important piece of advice the teacher gave me!5.He likes living alone by himself.三.连词成句1. are going to, for the twins, a birthday party, we, have__________________________________________________________________.2. these years, there, in our estate, many modern schools, are__________________________________________________________________ 3. look at, will, in the hall, the class project, your parents, at 2:30__________________________________________________________________ 4. a tour guide, after, Sam, from college, dreams to be, graduating____________________________________________________________________5. want, you, to be, what, do, in the future____________________________________________________________________6. old, know, waiting, enough, you, the importance of, are, to______________________________________________________________________ 7. the match, was excited, his team, when, won, the little boy._______________________________________________________________________ 8. won't, you, until, I, be able to, 8 o'clock, join______________________________________________________________________ 9. set off, I, early, to, fresh air, breathe, in the forest______________________________________________________________________ 10. biggest, the, world's, are, killer, floods, natural_______________________________________________________________________ 11.on the eyesight, went to, my cousin, the clinic, to have a check________________________________________________________________________ 12.their future, learn, teenagers, by themselves, to plan, should_________________________________________________________________________ 13.many, ways, for us, are, to keep in touch, there_________________________________________________________________________ 14.enables, various, information, the Internet, to collect, teenagers_________________________________________________________________________ 15.are good for, fruits and vegetables, to keep fit, people, fresh_________________________________________________________________________。
2019年中考英语语法专题讲练：句子的基本结构和成分讲解附练习(含解析)
句子的基本构造和成分句子基本构造和成分知识精讲一、句子基本构造1.主谓宾构造：“主谓宾”构造是英文表达中最基本的构造，表达“谁做了什么事” ，句中的“谁”即主语；“做了”即谓语；“什么事”为宾语。
1).主语：能够作主语的成分闻名词( 如 boy) ，主格代词 ( 如 you) ，数词，动词不定式，动名词等。
主语一般在句首。
注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家，如：The boy comes from America.这个男孩来自美国。
He made a speech.他做了演讲。
Tow and two is four.二乘二等于四。
To be a teacher is my dream.成为老师是我的梦想。
Doing a research is a necessary step when you write an essay.当你写论文时，做检查是很有必需的一步。
2).谓语：谓语由动词组成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语以后，后接宾语。
但谓语能够是不及物动词(vi.)，没有宾语，形成主谓构造，如：I have arrived.我已经到了Many changes took place in my hometown.家乡发生了好多变化。
注：以下这些词是不及物动词：表发生、出现的，如：take place, appear,happen,break out;表来、去，如：come, go等3).宾语：宾语位于及物动词以后，一般同主语组成相同，不一样的是组成宾语的代词一定是宾格形式，如：me，him ，them 等。
除了代词宾格能够作宾语外，名词，动名词，不定式等能够作宾语，如：I will do it tomorrow.我明日在做（这件事）。
The boy needs a pen.这个男孩需要一只钢笔。
I like swimming.我喜爱游泳。
I like to swim this afternoon.我今日下午喜爱游泳。
单元语法专题复习(动词不定式作定语和结果状语)(原卷版)
专题14语法专题复习（动词不定式作和结果状语）【语法讲解】一、动词不定式作定语1.动词不定式作定语概述动词不定式作定语要置于被修饰后面（后置定语），一般表示还未发生的动作。
The meeting to be held on Sunday will be a big success.We are looking for someone to help us.2.动词不定式作定语与被修饰词的关系(1)主谓关系指被修饰词是构成动词不定式的动词的逻辑主语。
此时的动词不定式在意义上相当于一个定语从句。
We need someone to help us move the chairs away.=We need someone who can help us move the chairs away.(2)动宾关系指与被修饰词是构成动词不定式的动词的逻辑宾语。
Tom has something to tell us.I have much homework to do.(3)同位关系指动词不定式与被修饰词构成同位关系，即动词不定式表示的是被修饰词的内容。
We had a chance to win the match.(to win the match 就是chance所指的内容)She made a decision to attend a college.(to attend a college就是decision的内容)3.常用动词不定式作定语的情况(1)中心词是序数词，最高级或only/the last等，或名词被这些词修饰，后常用不定式作定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.He is always the last one to leave the office.(2)抽象名词ability,chance,opportunity,belief,way, courage,hope,wish,dream等后常用动词不定式作定语。
019年初中英语语法重点之句子成分
019年初中英语语法重点之句子成分新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始，查字典中考网为各位初三考生整理了中考五大必考学科的知识点，主要是对初中三年各学科知识点的梳理和细化，帮助各位考生理清知识脉络，熟悉答题思路，希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩！下面是《2019年初中英语语法重点之句子成分》，仅供参考！句子成份1、主语Betty likes her new bike.He gets up early every day.To learn a foreign language is not easy.2、谓语We work hard.The boy caught a bird.He is my brother.They all look fine.3、表语Her sister is a nurse.Its me. Im ready.He got angry.We were at home last night.His cup is broken.4、宾语Tom bought astory-book.I saw him yesterday.He wanted to have a cup of tea.5、直接宾语和间接宾语He gave me some ink.Our teacher told us an interesting story.6、宾语补足语Call her Xiao Li.You must keep the room clean.John asked me to help him.7、定语This is a green jeep.This is an apple tree.Are these students yourclassmates?Winter is the coldest season of the year.Ihave something to tell you.8、状语You are quite right.She will arrive in Beijing on Monday.He stopped to have a look.。
中考英语语法总复习：九大句子成分(主谓宾定状补)
中考英语语法总复习：九大句子成分（主谓宾定状补）构成篇章的基本单位是句子，每个句子是由词或短语构成的，这些词或短语便是句子成分。
不同的内容需要不同类型的句式结构，这些句式结构又构成英语中不同的句子类型。
句子成分、基本句型、句子种类、句子结构时英语句法的基础。
组成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。
句子成分包括：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）（直接宾语、间接宾语）、宾语补足语（object complement）、主语补足语（subject complement）、定语（attribute）和状语（adverbial）等。
主语和谓语是句子的主题部分，其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
一、主语名词、代词，数词、不定式、动词的-ing形式、从句等可作句子的主语。
1）名词或名词短语作主语例句：The instinct of a man is to pursue everything that flies from him,and to fly from all that pursue him.人的本能是追逐从他身边飞走的所有东西，却逃离追逐的东西。
例句：The Lord prefers common-looking people.That is the reason he makes so many of them.上帝喜欢长相平凡的人，所以他创造了这么多普通的人。
例句：A light wind woke among the trees.微风从林间掠过。
2）代词作主语例句：This is all I want.Nothing else.这就是我想要的全部，没别的。
例句：Who teaches you folk music ?谁教你们民间音乐？例句：We do not remember days;we remember moments.我们并不记得每一天；但我们记得某些时刻。
(26套全)2019年中考英语语法专项讲义附练习(史上最全的中考语法讲义)
（26套全）2019年中考英语语法专项讲义附练习（史上最全的中考语法讲义）被动语态被动语态知识精讲一、被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语往往用“被、受、给”等被动词来表示被动意义。
其结构是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词done”构成的。
be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化，其变化与时态中的变化一致。
各种时态的被动语态结构表（以动词do为例）：时态被动语态例句The classroom is cleaned by us.一般现在时am/is/are+ done教室被我们打扫。
The kite was made by him yesterday.一般过去时was/were+ done昨天，风筝被他制作。
Flowers are being watered by her.现在进行时am/is/are+ being+ done花儿现在正在被她浇。
The work has been finished by Jim.现在完成时have/has +been+ done工作已经被做完。
二、被动语态的用法1. 不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
例：The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman. 他被选为主席。
2. 当更加强调动作的承受者时。
此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。
例：The room hasn’t been cleaned yet. 房间还没有打扫。
The tiger was killed by him. 老虎被他杀死了。
3. 当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。
2019-2020年中考英语《第十四章：英语的句子成分》复习讲义
2019-2020年中考英语《第十四章：英语的句子成分》复习讲义句子是构成文章的墓本单位，而每个句子又是由词或短语组成，这些词或短语便是句子的成分。
不同的内容运用不同类型的句式结构，这些句式结构构成了英语中不同的句子种类。
对于句子成分的考查体现出了多样性，单选、完形填空、书面表达等题型都会有所涉及，在学习过程中，正确分析词或短语所充当的句子成分是很重要的。
内容导视知识点1主语知识点2谓语知识点3表语知识点4宾语知识点5定语知识点6状语知识点7宾语补足语知识点8同位语知识详单组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分，句子成分主要有主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语和同位语等。
知识点1主语功能与位置由……充当例句主语是一个句子的主体，表示所说的是谁或是什么。
主语一般放在句首，有时在特殊句型名词或名词短语Some students don't like doing homework.一些学生不喜欢做作业代词He is a doctor.他是一名医生。
数次Three and five is eight.三加五等于八。
the+形容词/过去分词The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。
动词不定式To see is to believe.眼见为实。
中主语放在句中或句末动名词Eating more vegetables is good for your health.多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。
从句What he said is not true.他说的不是实话。
知识点2谓语功能与位置由….充当例句谓语表述主语的行为动作或所处的状态，常位于主语之后，有人称、时态、语态、数的变化动词She practices playing the pianoevery day.她每天练习弹钢琴。
动词短语When did the Gulf War breakout?海湾战争是何时爆发的? 情态动词+动词原形You should come here inperson tomorrow.明天你应该亲自来。
初中英语综合复习专题——英语句子成分详解
英语句子成分详解关于英语语法英语学习没有捷径,只有一步一个脚印！回顾我当初学习英语语法地历程,从初中、高中直到大学,语法一直以不同地形式见诸于各类测试地试卷当中.现在,尽管各类测试纷纷进行改革,取消或弱化对语法“显性”地考察,转而加强对语言运用能力地考察.然而,对于语法“隐性”地考察却从来没有终止过,也不可能停止！比如,单项选择、完形填空、阅读<考察长句或复合句）、写作,无一不需要坚实地语法知识作为基石.因此,从某种程度上讲,对语法地考核实际上并未削弱.把英语作为一门外语来学,对其语法地学习将是一项长期地任务.一定要消除“任务”或“投机”心态.俗话说,兴趣是最好地老师,语法学习是一个长期积累、不断提高地过程,在“任务”地心态之下,语法学习容易变成一种被迫地行为,很难持之以恒；而在“投机”地心态之下,语法学习容易变成一种短期行为,试图在短期内一蹴而就反而会遭遇“欲速则不达”地困境.因此,在语法学习地过程中,要善于发掘或培养自身地兴趣,比如,不妨多看看适合自身水平地英语读物；听听英语歌曲,许多歌词本身就包含着某些语法规则；多写些英语句段等.总地来说,语法地学习应遵循以下两个基本原则：第一、要记忆,但不要僵化语法到底是不是一种“规则”？本人认为,语法是规则,但又不完全是规则.对于初学者而言,规则是要去遵守地,比如不同时态地构成形式,各类句式地构成要素等等,如果缺乏对规则地了解,面对零散地单词,是不可能建造起语言地大厦地.这也是为什么很多人面对长难句束手无策,想要表达自己地观点却搜肠刮肚写不出来地原因之一.从这个意义上说,语法是语言运用地规则.第二、勤练习,能举一反三语言地掌握和运用,熟能生巧是关键.正如“拳不离手,曲不离口”.语法地规则和理论需要在实践中巩固、消化,乃至举一反三.随着语法学习地深入和英语水平地不断提高,就会发现并不需要刻意去关注语法规则,这并不是说规则消失了,而是潜移默化成了一种思维模式,就像我们运用母语一样.从这个意义上说,语法不完全是规则.英语地句子成分与汉语相比既有不少相似之处,更有一些较大地差异,它是构成英语语法地框架.要读懂复杂地句子、写出较有深度地句子,了解和掌握英语地句子成分是非常必要地.希望以上地观点对于同学们今后地英语学习有所帮助.句子成分概述英语在其长期发展过程中形成了一种相对固定地句子结构：“主语+谓语”,这与汉语是相似地.“主语”是句子地话题,是信息传递地出发点；“谓语”是对话题所作地说明,是说话人说要传递地信息.试观察下列句子：主语谓语I am a Chinese boy.Mary has two best friendsSeeing is believing .To do is harder than to say.We wish you success!从上述例子可以看出,作为句子地话题,主语通常是一些事物性或实体性地词,否则,主语便不能成为句子地话题,不能成为信息传递地出发点.所以,主语通常是个名词、名词词组、或者相当于名词<词组）地语法结构.而谓语是对主语所做地说明,它指出主语所表示地事物或概念是或不是什么,有或没有什么,要或不要什么,做了或未作什么等等.因此,谓语通常是述说性地,他能说明情况,表达意愿,评判美丑,分辨是非.所以,谓语通常由动词或动词词组来担任,而且谓语部分在结构上通常要比主语长一些或者更复杂一些.英语句子地谓语是动词性地,这就是说,谓语是以动词为中心地.而在汉语中,谓语有地是：①动词性地,如：“我去北京.猫吃老鼠”；但也有：②名词性地,如：“那张桌子四条腿.今天星期一.”如果硬说“有三条腿、是星期一”,在汉语中反倒不自然.可是,倘用英语来表达这些句子,则必须有个动词；在汉语中还有：③形容词性谓语,就是直接拿形容词作谓语,不带任何动词,如：“那孩子聪明.那件事危险.”,就用不着动词.但诸如此类地句子用英语去表达,可千万别忘了动词.“The boy is clever. That matter is dangerous.”由此可见,在汉语中,名词和形容词都可以独立作谓语,但在英语中却不可以.下面我们就从主语和谓语入手详细剖析英语地句子成分.句子成分地定义：组成一个句子地各个部分,叫做句子成分.包括：主语、谓语<宾语、表语）、以及用于修饰句中名词和代词地定语、修饰句中动词、形容词和副词地状语.主语和谓语构成句子地骨架,而定语和状语则是修饰骨架地血肉,是修饰语.句子成分主要由实词担任.实词包括：名次、动词、代词、形容词、副词和数词.虚词在句中只起连接、限定或表达喜怒哀乐感情等作用,不做句子成分.虚词包括：介词、连词、冠词和感叹词等.一、主语主语相当于句子地话题或主题,即要说明地人或物.主语一般位于句首,且不能省略.但在某些特定地句式里,如：疑问句倒装句祈使句感叹句等,句子主语也可以位于谓语动词之后或省略.【想一想】哪些词类或短语可以用作主语？<答：能用来做主语地有：名词、代词、数词、动名词或动名词短语、动词不定式或动词不定式短语、主语从句等.）１名词<或名词词组）My pen is green. (单数可数名词>Jane is an American girl. (专有名词>２、代词I am a student. (主格人称代词>Her pen is blue, and mine is red.<名词性物主代词）These are my books. (指示代词>Who is not here today? (疑问代词>Nothing was wrong with his eyes. (不定代词>３、数词Two and one is three. (基数词> The second was a tall man. (序数词>４、动名词Eating too much is bad for your health. (动名词>Playing games is much better than staying at home. (动名词短语>５、形容词The rich are not always happy.(少数形容词前边加the 相当于名词>６、动词不定式To see is to believe.(动词不定式>It will take you 2 hours to get to the station.(it作形式主语,动词不定式短语作真正主语>７、主语从句<仅作了解）What the teacher said yesterday is important.△几个常见加the后可以名词化地形容词是：poor, rich, young, old,happy,blind, beautiful等.△主语和谓语地顺序有两种：<1）自然顺序,即主语在前,谓语在后；<2）倒装语序,即谓语或谓语地一部分在前, 主语位于其后.例如：Are you a student？Do you like English songs?What do you speak?There is a bird in the tree. (there be 句型>Here is your pen. (以副词here/there开头地句子习惯上主谓倒装>There stands a policeman.二、谓语句子中用来说明主语地动作或存在地状态地部分,叫谓语.谓语一般位于主语之后,谓语中最重要地部分是谓语动词,它有时态、语态和语气地变化,并受主语人称和数地影响；既然谓语是以动词为中心地,那么,我们研究谓语就从动词入手.<附：△动词）<一）、动词地意义：表示动作或状态.<二）、动词地用法：1、作谓语动词；2、可以有自己地状语；3、及物动词有自己地宾语.<三）、动词地分类：1、行为动词<或实义动词,v.）,占动词数量地绝大多数,具有明确地动作意义,行为动词分为不及物动词和及物动词,不及物动词本身词义完整,可以独立作谓语,及物动词本身词义不完整,必须后跟宾语共同作谓语；2、连系动词(link v.>,起连接主语和表语地作用,本身有一定地词义,但是较弱,它和实意动词一样有时态和语态地变化,也受主语地人称和数地影响.连系动词可分为两大类：1）表示存在地连系动词,如：be,keep,look, smell, taste, sound, feel, remain(仍是,保持>, seem(好像>,lie(处于>,appear(呈现>等。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
..................句子成分专题学习目标:1.掌握不同的句子成分。
2.掌握五种基本句型结构。
3.掌握动词填空题的解题技巧。
一、句子成分概述【知识梳理】构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。
句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
除此之外还有插入语和感叹语。
批注：同位语在初中不做考查，也不需要学生掌握，有能力的学生做了解即可。
在讲解其他句子成分时可以适当让学生举例句。
【例题精讲】指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分1.The students got on the school bus. 主语2. He handed me the newspaper. 宾语3. I shall answer your question after class. 谓语4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 定语5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 状语6. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 宾语补足语批注：这个例题主要是用来检验一下学生对句子成分的基本了解如何，让学生自己完成，判断画线的词所做的句子成分，由于同位语不需要掌握可以不设置题目。
【课堂练习】指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分1. The apples tasted sweet.2. His wish is to become a scientist.3. Tom came to ask me for advice.4. He found it important to learn English.5. Do you have anything else to say?二、主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等定义【知识梳理】主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
但在there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
【例题精讲】写出下列画线部分词的词性和结构名称，总结能够做主语的词类和结构6. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.7. We often speak English in class.8. One-third of the students in this class are girls.9. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.【课堂练习】写出下列画线部分词的词性和结构名称，总结能够做主语的词类和结构10. Smoking is harmful to the health.11. The rich should help the poor.12. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.13. It is necessary to learn a foreign language.(2)谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：You like to dream about everything.2、复合谓语：1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.2)由系动词加表语构成。
如：We are students.【例题精讲】14. I found he _________ (explain) the problem to his students when I walked into his office.15. The local government promised that they _____ (stop) farmers from taking more land.16. Jerry, it’s the third time that you __________ (forget) to bring your math book.【课堂练习】17. All foods can make a person fat if too much ________ (eat).18. She __________ (live) in this city for years when I met her in 1990.(3)表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem 等）之后。
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。
【例题精讲】写出下列画线部分词的词性和结构名称19. Our teacher of English is an American.20. Is it yours?21. The weather has turned cold.22. The speech is exciting.23. Three times seven is twenty-one?【课堂练习】写出下列画线部分词的词性和结构名称24. His job is to teach English.25. His hobby is playing football.26. The machine must be out of order.27. The class is over.28. The truth is that he has never been abroad.(4)宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
宾语一般由名词、代词、数词、名词化形容词、不定式短语、动名词短语、宾语从句充当。
【例题精讲】写出下列画线部分词的词性和结构名称29. They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.30. Can you hear me?31. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.32. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.33. He refused to do extra work.34. I enjoy listening to popular music.35. I think（that）he is suitable for his job.【课堂练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空36. We are talking about how ______________(divide) you into 4 groups.37. Don’t give up _______________ (work) out the maths problem.38. People live in cold climates prefer ____________________ (use) warm colours.39. Do you mind my _________________ (open) the window?40. Do you dare ________________________many cheaper clothes? ( import)(5)定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
定语一般由形容词、分词、定语从句、代词、不定式短语、动名词、介词短语充当。
【例题精讲】写出下列画线部分词的词性和结构名称41. Guilin is a beautiful city.42. Don’t touch the boiling kettle(水壶). The fallen leaves covered the ground in autumn.43. There are thirty women who are dressed in the same colour.44. His great progress in English made us surprised.【课堂练习】写出下列画线部分词的词性和结构名称45. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.46. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.47. He is reading an article about how to learn English.(6)状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。
可由以下形式表示：状语种类如下：How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. （条件状语）Mr. Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）People ran in fear when the earthquake happened .（方式状语）She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语）He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）I am taller than he is.（比较状语）【例题精讲】写出下列画线部分词的词性和结构名称48. Light travels most quickly.49. He has lived in the city for ten years.50. He is proud to be a member of the Party.【课堂练习】写出下列画线部分词的词性和结构名称51. He is in the room making a model plane.52. Wait a minute.53. Once you begin, you must continue.(7)宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。