2019-2020学年新人教版高中英语高效学案：必修二 倒装(附答案)

高考英语一轮复习——倒装（附答案）I.考点分析英语句子的一般语序为“主语部分+谓语部分”。

如果在一定条件下，为了达到某些语法或修辞上的效果，改变句子的一般语序，把谓语放在主语的面前，我们称之为倒装（Inverted Order）。

倒装又分为完全倒装(Complete Inversion)和部分倒装(Partial Inversion)。

把谓语部分完全放到主语前称为完全倒装，如Here are some letters for you.把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，称之为部分倒装，如Never have I heard such nonsense.倒装的考察要点有：1. 以某些副词开头的句子，如：here, now, then, up, down, out, in, 或由副词there, then, now 等引起，谓语动词为come或go，并且主语不是人称代词的句子，应该完全倒装。

例：1) Here comes the bus.2) There goes your last chance.3) Out rushed a tiger from among the bushes.4) Up went the rocket carrying the satellite on its top.2. 有时出于修辞上的考虑可以把表语提前放在主语前面，同时主谓完全倒装。

例：1) Very grateful we are for you help.2) A very reliable person he is, to be sure.3) Very important in the farmers’ life is the weather report.3. 代词neither, nor, no more用于后面分句句首，且前面分句必须是否定句，这时后面分句不仅用倒装结构，而且时态（包括助动词）必须和前句一致。

so被用作句首的分句前面必须是肯定句。

例：1) She never laughed, nor did she ever lose her temper.2) We don’t need air-conditioning, nor can we afford it.3) The organization had broken no rules but neither had it acted responsibility.4) John had been working hard and so had his brother.4. 虚拟结构中的条件从句省去if时，were, had 和should 要移至主语之前。

例：1) Had I known it, I should have told him.2) Were he to tell us everything, we could try to solve his problem.3) Had it not been for the reservoir, we had never have been able to beat the drought.5. 句首为否定词和带有否定意义的词或短语作状语或宾语时，常用部分倒装。

例：1) Under no circumstances shall we cancel the party.2) Not a single book had he read that month.3) By no means was he able to handle the tough problem.4) Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.常用于这一结构的词语有：little, nowhere, rarely, scarcely, seldom, few, hardly, never, under no circumstances, on no account, in no way, at no point, at no time, in no sense, at no/other time, by no means, hardly/scarcely … when, in vain, much/even/still less, no longer, no sooner… than, not a single word, not a soul, not infrequently, not often, not only… but (also), not until 等。

6. only位于句子开头，如果修饰介词短语或状语从句，那么句子应倒装。

例：1) Only by shouting at the top of his voice was he able make himself heard.2) Only when you have acquired a good knowledge of grammar can you write correctly.3) Only in a few countries does the whole of the population enjoy a reasonable standard of living.7. so / such …that结构中的so放在句首时，需要倒装。

例：1) So absurd did he look that everyone stared at him.2) So proud is the young man that he is reluctant to accept others’ opinion.3) Such a good student was she that all the teachers liked her.8. 在比较和方式副词从句中，如果主语不是人称代词，常可在主语前添加助动词do/did以代替前面已出现过的动词。

例：1) I spend more than do my friends.2) She traveled a great deal, as did most of her friends.9. 在as引导的让步状语从句中形容词、名词或副词常移至从句之首，起强调作用。

例：1) Much as he likes her, he does get irritated with her sometimes.2) Tired as he was, we decided not to disturb him.3) Child as the little girl is, she knows several foreign languages.10. 句首为many a time, to such an extent, to such a degree, to such extremes, to such lengths, to such a point, with every justification, with good reason等状语时，句子需要部分倒装。

例：To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t go to sleep that night.11. 当句子没有宾语且主语较长，常可将状语提到句子前头，主谓完全倒装。

例：1) After them came in the host and the hostess.2) To the list may be added the following names.3) On every side stretched fields of green wheat.同样地，也可以把表语和系动词提到主语前面，表语可以是介词短语，形容词，副词或分词。

例：1) Around the lake are 21 state farms.2) Worst of all were their living standards.3) Seated on the ground are a group of young men playing chess.12. 在某些表示祝愿的句子中使用倒装。

例：1) May you live a long and happy life!2) Long live the People’s Republic of China!II. 倒装句练习:1. She never laughed, _____ lose her temper.A) or she ever did B) nor did she ever C) or did she ever D) nor she ever did2. No sooner had we reached the top of the hill _____ we all sat down to rest.A) when B) then C) than D) until3. _____ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.A) Had it not been B) It were not C) Weren’t it D) Had not it been4.We don't need air conditioning, _____.A) nor can we afford it B) and nor we can afford itC) neither can afford it D) and we can neither afford it5.I could not persuade him to accept it, ______ make him see the importance of it.A) if only I could not B) no more than I could C) or I could not D) nor could I6. _____ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.A) Not being B) Had it not been C) Without being D) Not having been7. _____ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.A) Being published B) Published C) Publishing D) To be published8. The organization had broken no rules, but ______ had it acted responsibly.A) neither B)so C)either D)both9. _____ right now, she would get there on Sunday.A) Would she leave B) If she leaves C) Were she to leave D) If she had left10. _____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.A) Had they arrived B) Would they arrive C) Were they arriving D) Were they to arrive11. Only under special circumstances _____ to take make-up tests.A) are freshmen permitted C) permitted are freshmenB) freshmen are permitted D) are permitted freshmen12. We have been told that under no circumstances _____ the telephone in the office for personal affairs.A) may we use B) we may use C) we could use D) did we use13. So confused _____ that he didn’t know how to start his lecture.A) since he became B) would he become C) that he became D) did he become14. Little _____ that John would become a famous writer.A) we thought B) we think C) did we think D) we think of15. Not only _____ us light, but it gives us heat.A) did the sun give B) the sun gives C) gives the sun D) does the sun give16. Above the land and water _____ with a depth estimated to be from 50 to 200 miles.A) a layer of air is B) will a layer of air be C) a layer of air be D) is a layer of air17. _____, Tom knows something of electricity.A) As he is a child B) As child he is C) As child is he D) Child as he is18. When I grew up, during severe winter snow storms, schools would close, _____ post offices and other government offices.A) similar to B) as would C) such as D) like19. Only when you have acquired a good knowledge _____ fulfill the task.A) you may B) should you C) can you D) you can20. Up went the prices and _____.A) the living standard came down C) down the living standard cameB) came down the living standard D) down came the living standardIII. 答案及详解：1. B) 题意：她从来不笑，也不发脾气。