常用英文及缩写

AABB American association of blood bank 美国血库协会G-csf Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 人类粒细胞集落刺激因子PBMC Peripheral blood mononuclear cell 外周血单个核细胞PBSC Peripheral blood stem cell 外周造血干细胞BMT Bone marrow transplantation 骨髓移植GTP Good tissue practice 人体细胞组织优良操作规范GLP Good laboratory practice 优良实验室规范GMP Good manufacturing practice 优质生产规范HPC Hematopoietic progenitor cell定向造血干细胞（造血祖细胞）CB Cord blood 脐带血HLA Human leukocyte antigen 人类白细胞抗原SAB Sciene advisory board 科学咨询委员会SOP Standard operating procedure 标准作业程序IPS Induced pluripotent stem cell 诱导多能干细胞ips cellBDC Blood donor centers 献血中心BB Blood bands 血库ASH American society of hematology美国血液病学会AAHHPBM Patient blood management certification患者血液管理认证CAP College of American pathologists 美国病理学会IACT International society of cell therapy国际细胞治疗学会NMDP National marrow donor program 美国国家骨髓库WMDA World marrow donor association 世界骨髓捐赠协会FACT F 美国细胞治疗基金会NIH National Institutes of Health美国国立卫生研究院ISSCR International Society for Stem Cell Research国际干细胞研究协会ISCF International Stem Cell Forum国际干细胞论坛WMDA World Marrow Donor Association世界骨髓捐赠者协会NMDP National Marrow Donor Program美国骨髓库CRISPR/case9Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/case9基因编辑技术IVF In vitro fertilization体外受精CAR-TChimeric Antigen Receptor T cell嵌合抗原受体T细胞GVHD graft-versus-host-disease移植物抗宿主病ASHAmerican Society of Hematology美国血液学会CRS cytokine-release syndrome细胞因子释放综合征PD-1 Programmed Cell Death Protein 1-Ligand细胞程序性死亡蛋白配体1NIPTNon-invasive Prenatal Testing无创胎儿产前检测NGS Next Generation Sequencing下一代测序High-Throughput Sequencing高通量测序HGP Human Genome Project人类基因组计划JPM JP Morgan Healthcare Conference JP摩根医疗健康年会（john.pierpont.morgan）MSC Mesenchymal stem cells 骨髓间充质干细胞MRT Mitochondrial-replacement techniques线粒体替换技术PrPPlatelet Rich Plasma富（高浓度）血小板血浆ABI Autologous Blood Injection 自体血注射ACP Autologous Conditioned Plasma自体血离子化SCI Scientific Citation Index科学文献索引CD Cluster differentiation分化群集CD Cluster of Differentiation白细胞分化抗原MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex主要组织相容性复合体常用单词Accredited认证的Facilities机构Molecular testing 分子检测Cellular therapies细胞疗法Somatic cell 体细胞Immunohematology reference免疫细胞学参考Molecular testing 分子检测Perioperative 围手术期AABB价值观The pursuit of excellence 追求完美Focus on the patient and donor关注患者和捐赠人Integrity诚信Transparency透明Consensus building建立共识Innovation创新CRISPR-Cas9 基因敲除Genes-edited 基因编辑Stem cellsStem cells are cells that have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop into more mature, specialised cells. Stem cells can be unipotent, multipotent, pluripotent or totipotent, depending on the number of cell types to which they can give rise.Related SubjectsAdult stem cellsAdult stem cells are cells in the adult that can both self-renew by dividing and give rise to more specialised cell types present in the tissue in which they reside. They serve to maintain and repair the tissue.AgeingAgeing is the process during which structural and functional changes accumulate in an organism as a result of the passage of time. The changes manifest as a decline from the organism’s peak fertility and physiological functions until death.Cancer stem cellsCancer stem cells are rare immortal cells within a tumour that can both self-renew by dividing and give rise to many cell types that constitute the tumour, and can therefore form tumours.Such cells have been found in various types of human tumours and might be attractive targets for cancer treatment.Embryonic germ cellsEmbryonic germ cells are the cells in the embryo that give rise to the reproductive cells –gametes –of sexually reproducing organisms. In animals, male gametes are sperm cells and female gametes are egg cells, also known as ova.Embryonic stem cellsEmbryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells isolated from the inner cell mass of a blastocyst, the early mammalian embryo that implants into the uterus. Embryonic stem cells self-renew by dividing and can differentiate into any specialised cell of the body, but not extra-embryonic tissues such as the placenta.Epigenetic memoryThe epigenetic memory of a cell defines the set of modifications to the cell's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that do not alter the DNA sequence, and have been inherited from the cell from which it descends. Such modifications can alter gene expression and therefore the properties and behaviour of the cell.Haematopoietic stem cellsHaematopoietic stem cells are progenitor cells that have the ability to both generate all types of blood cells, including those of the myeloid and lymphoid lineages, and to replace themselves. In adults, they mainly reside in the bone marrow.Heart stem cellsHeart stem or progenitor cells are multipotent cells residing in the adult mammalian heart that are capable of self-renewing and generating coronary vessels and heart muscle cells called cardiomyocytes. Heart stem cells can contribute to new cardiomyocyte formation following experimental myocardial infarction in mice.Intestinal stem cellsIntestinal stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells, which in mammals reside in the base of the crypts of the adult intestine. Intestinal stem cells continuously self-renew by dividing and differentiate into the specialised cells of the intestinal epithelium, which renews throughout life. Mammary stem cellsMammary stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells that reside in the mammary gland, can self-renew by dividing and can differentiate into all specialised mammary epithelial cells. Mammary stem cells drive the development of the mammary gland during puberty and are responsible for its expansion during pregnancy.Mesenchymal stem cellsMesenchymal stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells that are present in multiple tissues, including umbilical cord, bone marrow and fat tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells can self-renew by dividing and can differentiate into multiple tissues including bone, cartilage, muscle and fat cells, and connective tissue.Multipotent stem cellsMultipotent stem cells are cells that have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop into multiple specialised cell types present in a specific tissue or organ. Most adult stem cells are multipotent stem cells.Muscle stem cellsMuscle stem cells are adult stem cells, present in skeletal muscle tissue, which can self-renew and are capable of giving rise to skeletal muscle cells. These stem cells are activated in response to muscle injury to regenerate damaged muscle tissue.Neural stem cellsNeural stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells present in the adult central nervous system that can self-renew, and give rise to new neurons and supporting cells called glial cells. Activation of neural stem cells or their transplantation into areas of central nervous system injury can lead to regeneration in animal models.Pluripotent stem cellsPluripotent stem cells are cells that have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop into the three primary germ cell layers of the early embryo and therefore into all cells of the adult body, but not extra-embryonic tissues such as the placenta. Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are pluripotent stem cells.QuiescenceQuiescence is the reversible state of a cell in which it does not divide but retains the ability to re-enter cell proliferation. Some adult stem cells are maintained in a quiescent state and can be rapidly activated when stimulated, for example by injury to the tissue in which they reside. RegenerationRegeneration is the process by which lost or damaged tissues, organs or limbs are re-formed from the remaining tissue. During regeneration, adult stem cells and/or progenitor cells differentiate to replace the missing tissue, although in some instances differentiated cells can also participate in the regeneration by proliferation or transdifferentiation.ReprogrammingCell reprogramming is the process of reverting mature, specialised cells into induced pluripotent stem cells. Reprogramming also refers to the erasure and re-establishment of epigenetic marks during mammalian germ cell development.Self-renewalSelf-renewal is the process of giving rise to indefinitely more cells of the same cell type. All stem cells have the capacity to self-renew by dividing.Skin stem cellsSkin stem cells are multipotent adult stem cells present in the adult skin, which can self-renew and differentiate into different cell lineages of the skin. Skin stem cells are active during skin renewal, which occurs throughout life, and in skin repair after injury.Stem-cell differentiationStem-cell differentiation is the process by which a more specialised cell is formed from a stem cell, leading to loss of some of the stem cell's developmental potential. Stem-cell differentiation occurs during development of an organism to produce new specialised cells, and also in adults to replenish cells that are lost.Stem-cell nicheA stem-cell niche is an area of a tissue that provides a specific microenvironment, in which stem cells are present in an undifferentiated and self-renewable state. Cells of the stem-cell niche interact with the stem cells to maintain them or promote their differentiation.Totipotent stem cellsTotipotent stem cells are cells that have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop intothe three primary germ cell layers of the early embryo and into extra-embryonic tissues such as the placenta. A fertilised egg is a totipotent stem cell and as such can develop into any specialised cell found in the organism.TransdifferentiationTransdifferentiation is the conversion of a cell type present in one tissue or organ into a cell type from another tissue or organ without going through a pluripotent cell state. Transdifferentiation between some cell types can occur naturally in response to injury and can be induced experimentally.华南医院完成首例基因敲除技术CRISPR-Cas9应用于肺癌的临床实验。