(完整版)whose引导定语从句可以指物
定语从句关系词

定语从句关系词
关系词who、whom、that引导的定语从句,这时先行词是人的名词或者代词。
关系词Whose在定语从句中,既可以用来指人也可以用来指物。
关系词which、that 可以引导定语从句,用来修饰的先行词是物。
定语从句
定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语,所以曾被称为定语从句(英语:attributive clause),这类从句除了可以做定语之外,还可以充当状语等其他成分,所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。
在英语中,定语从句主要通过关系代名词法构成。
whose和whom引导的定语从句

whose和whom引导的定语从句一、whose引导的定语从句(一)基本用法1. 含义whose表示“……的”,它既可以指人,也可以指物,在定语从句中作定语。
2. 结构示例(1)I know the girl whose mother is a doctor.(先行词是the girl,指人,关系词whose在从句中作定语修饰mother,表示“女孩的妈妈”)(2)The house whose windows are broken is mine.(先行词是the house,指物,关系词whose在从句中作定语修饰windows,表示“房子的窗户”)(二)使用要点1. 与所属关系的联系whose引导的定语从句强调先行词与从句中某个名词之间的所属关系。
例如在句子The boy whose father is a teacher studies hard.中,“男孩”和“父亲”之间存在所属关系,即“男孩的父亲”。
2. 转换形式(1)当先行词指人时,有时可以用“of whom”来替换whose。
例如:I know the boy whose sister is a nurse. = I know the boy of whom the sister is a nurse.(2)当先行词指物时,有时可以用“of which”来替换whose。
例如:The book whose cover is red is very interesting. = The book of which the cover is red is very interesting.二、whom引导的定语从句(一)基本用法1. 含义whom是宾格形式,在定语从句中只能指人,并且在从句中作宾语(包括动词的宾语和介词的宾语)。
2. 结构示例(1)The man whom I met yesterday is my teacher.(先行词是the man,关系词whom在从句中作met的宾语,即“我昨天遇见的那个人”)(2)The girl to whom I lent my book is my classmate.(先行词是the girl,关系词whom在从句中作介词to的宾语,即“我借书给她的那个女孩”)(二)使用要点1. 介词 + whom结构(1)当whom作介词宾语时,介词可以提前,也可以不提前。
whose和who在定语从句的用法

whose和who在定语从句的用法whose和who在定语从句的用法whose在从句中作定语,后面必须有名词;who作主语或宾语.The book (whose cover is blue) is mine.封皮是蓝色的那本书是我的.The man who is in white is my father.穿白色衣服的那个人是我爸爸.(主语)The man who/whom you talked to just now is my father.刚才跟你说话的那个人时我爸爸.(宾语)The man to whom you talked just now is my father.(句中whom不可用who,两个都可做宾语,但前面有介词时不能用who,只能用whom.)【拓展延伸】whose引导的定语从句的六大事项:一、whose为who的所有格,作“某(些)人的……”解,它所指代的先行词必须是人,其引导的定语从句修饰它的先行词,同时它本身在从句中作定语。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。
Mr Liu wants to talk to the students whose homework hasn't been handed in.刘老师要跟那些没交家庭作业的.学生谈话。
二、whose也可作which的所有格,作“某(些)物的……”解,它所指代的先行词必须是物,其语**能同上。
The company whose name was Notco was in Australia.那个名叫诺特可的公司设在澳大利亚。
We live in a house whose windows open to the south.我们居住在一所窗户朝南开的房子里。
whose, of whom与of which的用法和区别

1.关系代词 whose,引导定语从句时,既可指人,又可指物,在从句中只能作定语;of whom 只能指人;of which 只能指物,有时 whose 可以与 of whom 和 of which 互换使用。
如:The girl whose hair is golden is from England. 头发金色的那个女孩是英国人。
The house whose doors are green is an office building. 门是绿色的那座房子是办公楼。
2.“介词 + whose +名词” 引导定语从句。
如:I love my motherland, for whose good future I will work hard. 我爱我的祖国,为了她美好的未来我要努力工作。
3.在下列情况下,一般只用 of whom 和 of which。
(1)定语从句的主语是 few, little, some, most, many, much等时,一般只用of whom和of which。
In the room are lots of people, many of whom I don't know. 房间里有很多人,很多人我不认识。
He has a lot of story-books, a few of which I have never read. 他有很多故事书,有几本故事书我还从未看过。
(2)定语从句的主语是数词、形容词的最高级时,一般只用of whom和of which。
如:The old man has three children, two of whom are college students and one of whom is a manager. 那个老人有三个小孩,其中两个是大学生,另一个是经理。
(3)定语从句的主语是all, none, both, neither, each等不定代词时,一般只用of whom和of which。
whose引导的定语从句

The gentleman, with whose daughter I worked, looked down upon women.
She is the girl whose brother is my English teacher.
foreign students __D__ Chinese in the school, most ____ were from Germany. (2006辽宁)
A. study; of whom B. study; of them
C. studying; of them D. studying; of whom [考题7] We saw several natives advancing
windows are broken.
考题训练
[考题1] Women __C__ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those __C__ don’t. (2006北京)
定语从句已经学的将近尾声了,那么具 体的应用你会吗?
那么请你翻译一个句子~ 他是我们班唯一一个爸爸是警察的学生。
He is the only student in our class whose father is a policeman
whose引导的定语从句,先行词既可以是人,也可 以是物,而且先行词在从句中充当定语,或者说 所有格形式。当从句中的名词是物时,可以用of which替换。
The student's (=whose)father is a policeman
(完整版)whose 在定语从句中的用法

whose 在定语从句中的用法whose 是定语从句中一个常用的关系代词,表\” …… 的\”之意;它可以指\”人的\",也可以指\"物的\”;既可以引导限制性定语从句,也可以引导非限制性定语从句。
〖思维一〗whose + n . 可作主语,宾语,功能与which ,whom (who )相同。
如:Mr King ,whose legs were badly hurt ,was quickly taken to hospital .The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident 。
〖思维二〗whose 既可引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句。
如:My uncle whose office we have just passed ,is a lawyer . 我的叔叔是个律师,刚才我们经过他的办公室。
Once there was a wise king whose name was Alfred . 从前有一个叫阿尔弗雷德的英国国王。
〖思维三〗whose 代指\"……的\",既可以指人,也可以指物。
如:Look at the building ,whose roof is white . 看那栋楼,楼顶的颜色是白的。
The girl lives in the house ,whose windows face south 。
那个女孩住在这所房子里,房子的窗户是朝南开的。
〖思维四〗whose 表所属关系指物时,可与of which 转换,词序一般是:名词+ of whichLook at the building , the roof of which ( = whose roof )is white .The girl lives in the house ,the windows of which ( = whose windows )face south 。
定语从句句式

定语从句句式定语从句定义:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句;被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
种类:关系代词:who、whom、whose、which、that关系副词:where、when、why准关系代词:as、but、than复合关系代词:what、whatever、whoever、whichever一、关系代词引导的定语从句(1)由who引导的定语从句:1.关系代词who用作主语,指人或动物;2.who;不能用作表语;(2)由who引导的定语从句:1.关系代词whom用作宾语,指人;2.whom不能用作表语;(3)由whose引导的定语从句:1.关系代词whose作定语,既可指人也可指物。
2.whose用于引导定语从句时,有“whose=of which”(4)由which引导的定语从句:1.关系代词做主语、谓语动词或介词的宾语,指物或动物;2.常用关系代词which作表语,既可指人也可指物,“人”要具有某种特性;3.which既能引导限制性定语从句,也能引导非限定性定语从句;(5)由of which/whom引导的定语从句:1.名词、不定代词、数量词+of which/whom2. of which/whom从句中作主语有两种形式:数词、名词+of which/whom 或of which/whom+数词、名词3.“名词+of which”做主语时常用“whose+名词”取代;4.of which所修饰的名词前应加上定冠词;(6)由介词+which+抽象名词引导的定语从句:1.在非限制性定语从句中,以“介词+which+抽象名词”结构补充说明,which作定语;2.the way后接定语有三种形式:不加;加that;加in which;(7)由that引导的定语从句:1.关系代词that在从句中作主语或宾语,不作介词宾语,既指人也指物;2.先行词是不定代词时,必须用that引导定语从句;3.先行词被不定代词修饰时,必须用that引导定语从句;4.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,必须用that引导定语从句;5. 先行词既有人又有物时,必须用that引导定语从句;6. 先行词被the only、the same、the last修饰时,必须用that 引导定语从句;7.以who、which引起的问句中,为避免重复,常用that引导定语从句;8.用作关系副词以修饰表示时间的名词时,常用that代替when 引导定语从句;9.构成非限制性定语从句时,不用that;10关系代词前有介词且指物时,不用that;11.先行词本身是that时,不用that;12.关系代词之后有插入成分时,不用that;二、关系副词引导的定语从句(1)由when的定语从句:1.关系副词when是兼有连词作用的副词,常用于表示时间;2.先行词为表示时间的名词;3在口语中,先行词为表示时间的名词时,可以省略when;4先行词在从句中起副词作用作时间状语时,用when引导定语从句;先行词在从句中起代词作用作宾语时,用which/that引导定语从5.在this/that/it’s后可省略先行词the time;6.现代英语口语中,the day when、the time when、the moment when可用that代替;;7.关系副词when可用恰当的“介词+which”代替;(2)由where引导的定语从句:1. 关系副词where是兼有连词作用的副词,常用于表示地点;2.先行词为表地点或有地点含义的抽象名词;3.在口语中,先行词是place、room等词时,可以省略where;4.先行词在从句中起副词作用作地点状语时,用where引导定语从句;先行词在从句中起代词作用作宾语时,用that/which引导定语从句;5. 在this/that/it’s后可省略先行词the place;6. 现代英语口语中,the place where可用the place that代替;7. 关系副词where可用恰当的“介词+which”代替;(3)由why引导的定语从句:1. 关系副词why兼有连词作用的副词,常用于表示原因;2.先行词只有reason;3.在口语中,可以省略why;4.先行词reason在从句中起副词作用表原因时,用why引导定语从句;先行词reason在从句中起代词作用作宾语时,用that/which引导定语从句;5.在this/that/it’s后可省略先行词the reason;6.现代英语口语中,the reason why可用the reason that代替;7. 关系副词why可用恰当的“介词+which”代替;(4)由介词+where/when引导的定语从句:1.from where引导的定语从句中,where代表主句提供的地点;2.since/by when引导的定语从句中,when代表主句提供的时间三、准关系代词引导的定语从句(1)由准关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句:1.as既可作引导状语从句的连词,也可作引导定语从句的关系代词;2.在such…as引导的定语从句中,as在从句中作主语或表语;3.在the same…as引导的定语从句中,as在从句中作主语或宾语;4.在as…as引导的定语从句中,as在从句中作主语;5.区别:such…as引导定语从句,such…that引导结果状语从句;6.区别:the same…as指两物相似,the same…that描述的是同一物;(2)由准关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句:1.as代表主句或主句一部分的意思,不能指代某个名词或代词;2.在as引导的非限制性定语从句中,as可以放在主句的任意位置,在从句中作主语或宾语;3.主句表否定,as引导的定语从句位于主句之后时,as指代的主句不表否定,可用but代替;4.主句表否定,as引导的定语从句位于主句之前时,as指代的主句仍表否定意义;5非限制性定语从句中,which引导的从句不能放在主句前,as 引导的从句可放在主句前后.;6.非限制性定语从句中,as/which用作关系代词时都可指代一个句子,但as有“就像”之意;7.非限制性定语从句中,当从句的谓语动词时be动词或连系动词时,as/which都可作主语;8.非限制性定语从句中,当从句的谓语动词是行为动词时,只能用which作主语;9.非限制性定语从句中,as可作连词引导状语从句,构成“as+过去分词”形式,表定语义;(3)由准关系代词but引导的定语从句:1.but本身含有否定义,相当于who/which/that…not;2.but的先行词往往是有否定义的代词或名词词组,通过双重否定表强烈肯定;3.but用于定语从句中作主语,此时谓语动词的数要与先行词一致,时态要与主句一致;4.but用于引导状语从句时,有“but=that...not”(4)由准关系代词than引导的定语从句:1.than引导的定语从句中,谓语动词的数和时态必须与被比较级修饰的先行词一致;2.than引导的状语从句中,用作连词的than可兼作关系代词在主句中作主语,than指代主句;3.than引导的状语从句中,构成“than+过去分词”结构,than 后省略了形式主语it、动词be;四、复合关系代词引导的定语从句(1)复合关系代词what引导的定语从句:1.定语从句中,what是由先行词和关系代词组成的复合词,是兼作先行词的关系代词;2.what用于指人时,what=the person that;what用于指物时,what=the thing(s) which;3.what在定语从句中起名词作用时,可作主语、宾语、表语;4.what在定语从句中起形容词作用时,修饰名词,意为“仅有的”;5.what在定语从句中起形容词作用时,常与few、little连用,意为“尽管不多,但已全部”;6.what引导的名词性从句中,无疑问义,可作从句的主语、宾语、介宾、宾补;7.what用于表比喻义的特殊结构:A is to B what C is to D;8.what组成的常用短语:What if…? 如果…怎么样?What of it?那又怎么样?(2)复合关系代词whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever引导的定语从句:1.whoever、whomever、whichever、whatever具有名词功能,引导名词性从句;2.whoever、whomever、whichever、whatever指代未知的人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;3.whichever、whatever在名词性从句中兼起形容词作用,修饰从句中名词,意为“仅有的”;4. whoever、whichever、whatever在名词性从句中兼起副词作用,引导让步状语从句;五、关系代词的省略1.当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时往往省略;2.当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,用that且往往省略;3.当先行词为不定代词时,往往不用关系代词;4.当定语从句为there be句型时,往往不用关系代词;5.当主句为there be句型时,实际主语后若带有定语从句,作主语的关系代词有时省略;六、插入语(1)分句用作插入语:I believe、I find、I hear、I imagine、I remember、I think、I sup pose…(2)状语分句作插入语:1.可作插入语的状语分句有:as far as I know、as I told you before、if you like…2.省略形式的状语分句作插入语:if ever、if possible、if any…(3)what构成的惯用插入语:1.“what+be+比较级形容词”结构,意为“而且,尤有甚者“;2.“what we call,what is called”,意为“所谓的”;3.“what+…”的类似结构:what we consider、what you refer to as、what is referred to as…例句:This is the man who helped me.(who在从句中作主语)The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.(whom 在从句中作宾语)Do you see the house whose windows are all broken?(whose在从句中作定语)The building which stands near the river is our school.(which在从句中作主语)This is the book (which) you want.(which在从句中作谓语动词的宾语)The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(which 在从句中作介宾)The war killed 1000 people, most of which were very young.(“不定代词+of which”的形式)The committee consists of 20 members, five of whom are women.(“数量词+of whom”的形式)Do you see the house the windows of which are all broken?(“名词+of which”作主语结构之一)Do you see the house of which the windows are all broken? (“名词+of which”作主语结构之二)It rained all night, during which time the ship broke in pieces.(“介词+which+抽象名词”结构)That’s the way (/) he spoke.(the way后接定语的形式之一)That’s the way that he did it. (the way后接定语的形式之二) That’s the way in which you answered the question. (the way后接定语的形式之三)。
2020年高考英语易错题集锦 whose引导的定语从句

小议whose引导的定语从句(要点精讲)whose引导的定语从句是语法重点,也是高考中经常考查的语法内容之一。
要学好whose引导的定语从句的用法,应注意以下方面。
一、whose为who的所有格,作“某(些)人的……”解,它所指代的先行词必须是人,其引导的定语从句修饰它的先行词,同时它本身在从句中作定语。
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake. 这就是在那次大地震中失去双亲的那个小姑娘。
Mr. Liu wants to talk to the students whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 刘老师要跟那些没交家庭作业的学生谈话。
二、whose也可作which的所有格,作”某(些)物的……“解,它所指代的先行词必须是物,其语法功能同上。
The company whose name was Notco was in Australia. 那个名叫诺特可的公司设在澳大利亚。
We live in a house whose windows open to the south. 我们居住在一所窗户朝南开的房子里。
三、whose可修饰定语从句中的主语、宾语、介词宾语等不同成分。
Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital. 金先生的腿受了重伤,很快就被送往医院。
(whose修饰定语从句中的主语legs)We shall have to make a decision about Ms King, whose story I've just told you. 关于金女士的情况,我刚才已经告诉你们了,我们得对她的事情作出决定。
(whose修饰定语从句中的宾语story)四、whose 在定语从句中,有“所属”含义,其本身就是一个限定词,相当于one’s(如my,his,her,its,our,your,their等),故不可再与其它限定词并列使用。
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whose引导定语从句可以指物吗
请看下面这道题:
I saw some trees __________ leaves were black with disease.
A. its
B. whose
C. his
D. the
分析:此题应选B。
容易误选A。
许多考生认为,关系代词whose和who,whom一样,只能指人,不能指物。
事实上,用作关系代词的whose 与who,whom不一样,它不仅可以指人也可以指物(用作定语):
There are some students whose questions I can’t answer. 有些学生的问题我不能回答。
Can you see the mountain whose top is covered with snow? 你看得见山顶上覆盖着雪的那座山吗?
Here is a word whose meaning escapes me. 这里有一个词,我一下想不起它是什么意思了。
当先行词为物时,其后引导定语从句的whose+n. 也可换成the+n. +of which / of which +the+n.:
■窗户破了的那座房子是空的。
正:The house whose windows are broken is empty.
正:The house the windows of which are broken is empty.
正:The house of which the windows are broken is empty.
但是如果whose所修饰的名词中心词之前有数词或其他限定词,则不用whose,而用of which:
There I saw a large table,two legs of which were broken. 在那里我看见有一张大桌子,其中有两条腿断了。