经济学模拟试题

d1. Households and economies have each of the following in common EXCEPT botha. must allocate分配, 分派scarce缺乏的, 罕见的resources.b. face many decisions.c. must allocate the goods and services they produce.d. must have a central decision maker.a2.Economics deals primarily首要的; 主要的; 基本的with the concept ofa. scarcity不足; 缺乏.b. poverty.c. change.d.power.d3. Which product would be considered scarce?a. Nike shoesb. Monet paintingsc. 1-carat diamondsd. All of the above are correct.b4. Economist s use the phrase “There is no such thing as a free lunch,” to illustrate说明, 阐明; 表明a. how inflation increases prices.b. that to get one thing, we must give up something else.c. that nothing is free in a market economy.d.that if something looks too good to be true, it probably is.a5. Henry decides to spend two hours playing golf rather than working at his job which pays $8 per hour. Henry’s tradeoff交换物品〔人〕isa. the $16 he could have earned working for two hours.b. nothing, because he enjoys playing golf more than working.c. the increase in skill he obtains from playing golf for those twohours.d.nothing, because he spent $16 for green fees to play golf.c6. Which of the following best defines efficiency?a. absolute fairnessb. equal distributionc. minimum wasted.consumer sovereignty最高统治权, 君权d7. Economists use the word equity to describe a situation in whicha. each member of society has the same income.b. society is getting the most it can from its scarce resources.c. those in society who have the least will receive the most.d.t he benefits of society’s resources are distributed fairly amongsociety’s members.c8. Which is the best statement about the way economists study the economy?a. They study the past, but do not try to predict the future.b. They use a probabilistic概率approach based on correlations相互的关系between economic events.c. They devise想出; 计划; 设计; 发明theories, collect data, thenanalyze the data to test the theories.d. They use controlled experiments much the same way a biologist or physicist does.c9. A rancher can produce only hamburgers, and a farmer can produce only french fries. The rancher and the farmer both like both foods. Theya. cannot gain from trade.b. could gain from trade under certain circumstances环境, 条件, 情况境遇, 经济状况, but not always.c. could gain from trade because each would enjoy a greater variety offood.d. could gain from trade only if each were indifferent between hamburgers and french fries.b10 The forces that make market economies work area. price and quantity.b. demand and supply.c. the Senate and House of Representatives.d. the Constitution and the Bill of Rights.d11 One result of a drought干旱(时期) in the midwest could be an increase ina. farm machinery(总称)机器prices.b. the price of diesel柴油fuel used in farming.c. migrant移居者, 移民; farm workers’ wages.d. the price of frosted冰霜的shredded wheat小麦.d12 In a free market, who determines how much of a good will be sold and the price at which it is sold?a. suppliersb. demandersc. the governmentd. suppliers and demanders togetherc13For each good produced in a market economy, demand and supply determinea. the price of the good, but not the quantity.b. the quantity of the good, but not the price.c. both price and quantity.d. neither price nor quantity is determined by demand and supply, because prices are ultimately最后; 最终set by producers.b14In a competitive market,a. only a few sellers sell the same product.b. each seller has limited control over the price of his product.c. if one buyer chooses to purchase a large quantity of the product, theprice will rise.d. if one seller withholds扣留, 保留; 拒绝给予his product from the market, prices will rise.d15 In general, elasticity isa. the friction冲突, 不和that develops between buyers and sellers in amarket.b. a measure of how much government intervention介入, 干涉, 干预isprevalent普遍的, 盛行的, 流行的in a market.c. a measure of how competitive a market is.d. a measure of how much buyers and sellers respond to changes in market conditions.d16 If a good is a necessity, demand for the good would tend to bea. elasticyou 有弹性的.b. horizontal.水平的, 与地平线平行的c. unit elastic.d. inelastic无弹性的.c17 According to the law of supply,a. firms’ production levels are not correlated with the price of a good.b. the supply curve slopes倾斜downward.c. firms are willing to produce a greater quantity of a good when theprice of the good is higher.d. None of the above are correct.c18 The amount of money that a firm receives from the sale of its output is calleda. total gross总的profit.b. total net净的, 纯的profit.c. total revenue.d. net revenue.c19 Which of the following is an implicit绝对的cost?(i) the owner of a firm forgoing an opportunity to earn a large salaryworking for a Wall Street brokerage firm(ii) interest paid on the firm’s debt(iii) rent paid by the firm to lease office spacea. (ii) and (iii)b. (i) and (iii)c. (i) onlyd. All of the above are correct.c20 A market is competitive if(i) firms have the flexibility to price their own product.(ii) each buyer is small compared to the market.(iii) each seller is small compared to the market.a. (i) and (ii) onlyb. (i) and (iii) onlyc. (ii) and (iii) onlyd. All of the above are correct.a21 For a firm in a perfectly competitive market, the price of the good is alwaysa. equal to marginal revenue.b. equal to total revenue.c. greater than average revenue.d. All of the above are correct.c22 If a firm in a perfectly competitive market triples(使)增至三倍the number of units单位of output产量sold, then total revenue willa. more than triple.b. less than triple.c. exactly triple.d. All of the above are potentially true.c23 The theory of consumer choice provides the foundation for understandinga. the structure of a firm.b. the profitability of a firm.c. a firm’s product demand.d. a firm’s product supply.Answer: 1----5 d a d b a 6---10 c d c c b10-15 d d c b d 16-20 d c c c c21-23 a c c。