The Political System in the United States
The Political System in the United States
In 1787, the 13 states except Rhode Island selected delegates for a
The Delegates who convened at the Federal Convention on May
25, 1787, quickly rejected the idea of revising the Articles of Confederation and agreed to construct a new framework for a national government.
Congress(representatives elected by the people)
A national court system(headed by a Supreme Court)
The U.S. is a federal union of 50 states. The Constitution follows two principles:
Constitution went into effect.
The Articles of Confederation, ratified in 1781. This was the format for the United States government until the Constitution.
The American Constitutional Conference
Constitution of the United States (1787) Drafted in secret by delegates to the Constitutional Convention during the summer of 1787, this four-page document, signed on September 17, 1787, established the government of the United States. The Constitution is the nation’s essential law.
高二英语政治制度单选题30题
高二英语政治制度单选题30题1. Which of the following is NOT a feature of a democratic political system?A. Freedom of speechB. Equality before the lawC. Absolute power of the governmentD. Regular elections答案：C。
解析：民主政治制度的特点包括言论自由、法律面前人人平等和定期选举。
选项A 言论自由是民主的重要体现；选项B 法律面前人人平等是民主的基本原则；选项D 定期选举是民主制度的常见形式。
而选项C 政府的绝对权力不符合民主制度的理念，民主制度强调权力的制衡和限制。
2. The term "parliamentary system" refers to a political system where:A. The president has the most powerB. The prime minister is elected directly by the peopleC. The power is divided between the executive and legislative branchesD. The monarch has absolute authority答案：C。
解析：议会制是指权力在行政和立法分支之间划分。
选项 A 总统拥有最大权力通常不是议会制的特点；选项 B 首相通常不是由人民直接选举产生；选项D 君主拥有绝对权威不是议会制的特征。
3. In a federal political system, the power is:A. Concentrated in the central governmentB. Shared between the central and state governmentsC. Held only by the state governmentsD. Decided by international organizations答案：B。
英语口语unit5politics
Unit 5 PoliticsPART 1 SpeakingPolitical systemAlice和Bob在一起谈论Bob国家的政治体系Alice: How does the political system work in your country?Bob: We have hundreds of constituencies and the votes in each one elect a member of parliament. Most people call them mp`s.Alice: Each mp belongs to a political party, right?Bob:Almost all of them do. A few are independent. That means that they do not belong to a party. If one party has more than half of the mp`s, they form a government. That means that they choose a prime minister can cabinet members.Alice: What`s a cabinet?Bob:This is a small group of people-perhaps 25 mp`s who are usually ministers. They make all the big decisions and discuss laws and policies.Alice: Can any mp make a law?Bob: Any mp can present a law to parliament. The proposed law is debated and voted on. If it is accepted, it becomes law.Alice: I suppose a proposed law needs the support of the big political parties.Bob: Yes, it does, because they have most of the mp`s. Most mp`s vote the way their party wants them to.Alice: How do people choose which party or candidate to vote for?Bob: They produce manifesto. These documents state their policies. Some people just vote for the same party every time there is an election. V otes who often change the party they vote for are called floating voters.Questions：1. Work with your partner and show the conversations to your classmates.2. How many constituencies does Bob ’s country have ?3. Dose each mp belongs to a political party?4. When can they form a government?5. How does Bob describe cabinet?6. How does a law presented by the mp become a real law?7. Learn about the politic systems in China and America, compare them and then tellthe similarities and differences.9. Look at the following message; think about the factors that have effect on politics.Work with your partner and then make a small dialogue .economyEducation ............?populationpolicyPolitical partypoliticsPART 2 ReadHuge protestThis comment(评论) was made by a Cuban “American dream? What a lie!” teenage girl. She was attending a huge protest(抗议) in Havana, Cuba, againstAmerican immigration laws last Tuesday.Tens of thousands of people, including Cuba’s President, Fidel Castro, took part inthe protest to remember 30 missing Cubans, including 13 children. Their boat was lostin the Florida Straits after setting out from Cuba on November 17. It is one of theworst accidents involving(牵扯到) Cubans being smuggled(偷渡) into the US.Fourteen people died in the sinking of a smuggler’s boat in 1998, and about 40 people died in 1994 when a tugboat sank near Havana. Castro believes that the “CubanAdjustment Act” is responsible for the 30 people disappearing.This 1996 law gives special allowances to Cuban immigrants who reach US land居民身份) and chances to work. Itby whatever means. It gives them re sident’s status(is very different from the US policy to immigrants from other countries. Because itencourages illegal immigration and these types of accidents, some called it “themurderous law”．The US uses the so-called “dry foot, wet foot” rule. Those found at sea are sentback to Cuba. But those who set foot on US soil are generally allowed to stay. Castrosaid that the law encourages C ubans to undertake dangerous sea journeys with thehope of living in the US.The immigration policy of the US has caused many problems between the US andCuban. The two countries plan to meet next month to discuss immigration issues.1.Who is Fidel Castro?A. He is one of the missing smugglers.B. He is one of the persons who made the “Cuban Adjustment Act”．C. He is a Cuban.D. He is the American president.2. Why did so many people attend the protest?A. Because they were not allowed to enter the US.B. Because their children were missing.C. Because they wanted to come back to their homeland.D. Because they were against American immigration laws.3. Which of the following is right?A. “Cuban Adjustment Act” is a Cuban law.B. Havana is a place in Cuba.C. 43 people disappeared after they set out on November 17.D. The American immigration law was made in 1994.4. Why did so many people want to smuggle into the US?A. They wanted to live a better life there.B. They were treated badly in their country.C. They had relatives in the US.D. The Americans were very friendly.?5. What is the result of “Cuban Adjustment Act”A. The two countries plan to meet next month.B. It is very different from the US policy to immigrants from other countries.C. Those who set foot on US soil are generally allowed to stay.D. It encourages Cubans to undertake dangerous sea journeys.6. Complete this passage with the following sentences.Canadian political systemA. and the leader of the country comes from that party?B. Each province is given seats in the federal cabinet and seats are given based onpopulation.C. the leader of the country is elected within the party.D. but the leader of the party must also run in their own constituency or ridingE. Each Province has their provincial government but as far as federal government the capital is in OttawaF. Could you explain to me how the Canadian political system works?Todd: OK, now Steve, the Canadian political system and the American political system are quite different.Steve: Sure. Basically in Canada there are 10 provinces and three territories. We call the three territories territories, because they have less than 50,000 people living in them. They're really far north, where it is cold and obviously not so comfortable to live. The other ten provinces are British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, New Foundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island.and there's actually an election coming up, probably sometime this year. Ontario and Quebec which have the largest populations have the most seats in Federal Parliament and so wherever you live you basically vote for the politician who is running in your particular geographical area, and the political party which wins the most seats forms the government that rules the country.Todd: OK,Steve: Yeah,. They elect the leader (OK) So each party, when they want a leader, they have a leadership convention, and they elect a leader to lead that party, so if they don't win they can't be the Prime Minister, so, yeah, the main political parties, right now the government is Liberal Government. Other prominent parties are the New Democratic Party, sometimes called the NDP, and the New Conservative Party. Also a powerful party is Bloc Quebecois, which has most of its seats obviously in Quebec, so there are four main political parties.PART 3 Conversation Jim: Hello, Tom, long time no talk. 汤姆和吉姆在一个清早锻炼偶然遇到一起，谈论奥运会等等Tom: Oh, my god, Jim. Hi! So nice to see you!Jim: So early. I t’s a beautiful day.Tom: Yeah , I get up early everyday， the air at this time is so fresh that we can dosome exercise which is good for our health..“ Jim: You are great ,oh ,Olympic games is coming！Tom: Yeah, about 28 days, I am very excited.Jim: I know you like play basketball, what do you think our team?Tom: En, our team is still good ,we have a lot of good players ,such as Wang Zhizi,Zhu Fangyu, Liu Wei, Sun Yue, Du Feng, Zhang Jingpeng,…I believe that Yao willlead our team to winJim: But it is said that our first game to rival the United States team.Tom: Oh my god , I know Kobe Byant, Chris Paul, Dwight Howard, Dwyane Wade,LeBron James, Carmelo Anthony and many NBA stars will come Beijing ,but noAllen Iverson, this is the only regrettable thing“Jim: Yeah , I remember that he participated in the Olympic Games in 2004, but failed, Perhaps he was not interested in this Olympic Games.Tom: Perhaps, but I like to see Kobe Byant play, because he is very self-confident and handsome. He moves very graceful, and this is his first Olympic at which I hope hewill come true his dreamJim: I think it must be very exciting, I hope our team will win.Tom: Hehe, that was a miracle.Jim: No, anything is possible.Tom: Yeah, you are rightJim: I hope Liu Xiang can get champion in the sprint race again.Tom: Oh, I hope so, but a person who called Robert is also strong.Jim: I believe Liu Xiang, He is our pride.Tom: You may also like football, which team do you think will win?”Jim: En, let me think, Argentina, Germany, Brazil and England all very great, butMacy has a good speed, although he is not very high, so I think the champion will be Argentina.”Tom: I agree with you ,I very admire Macy too。
Unit 4 The Political System in the US and the UK
Teaching PlanInstructor: Cui Luoqiang Teaching content: Unit 9 The Political System in the US and the UKTeaching period : 4Teaching aims :• a. Acquire a general idea about the political systems in the UK and USA.• b..Learn about the functions of major political parties and other government organs in these two countries.• c. Learn about the functions of the state leaders and party leaders in these two countries.• d. Make a comparison of the political systems between the UK and the USA.Difficult points :1. the functions of the state leaders and party leaders in these two countries.2. Make a comparison of the political systems between the UK and the USAKey points :1.The functions of major political parties and other government organs in these twocountries.2.The general idea about the political systems in the UK and USA.Teaching Allotment :Period 1-2 :ReviewWarm-upDemonstration :Text A POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE UKThe Structure of British GovernmentThe ExecutiveMonarchPrime MinisterThe Civil ServiceThe legislatureParliamentHouse of LordsHouse of CommonsThe JudiciaryCase studyLabor PartyConsevative PartyPeriod 3-4 :Demonstration :Text B POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE USAThe Constitution and the Bill of Rights–The Constitution–The Structure of American Government•The legislative branch (the Congress);•The executive branch (the President);•The judicial branch (the Supreme Court)–A more detailed tree diagramThe Federal System–4 basic principles•republicanism•federalism•separation of powerchecks and balancesCase studyDemocratic PartyRepublic PartySummaryAssignmentTeaching procedure :Period 1-2 :ReviewT’ll ask Ss some questions about what they’ve leanred last time :Q1 : When was the U.S founded ?Q2 : who was the second U.S President ?Warm-upTalk about the following pictures: What roles or functions do they play in their respective political systems?•Buckingham Palace: Originally built in 1703, the palace is now the official London residence of the British monarch located in the City of Westminster. The palace is asetting for state occasions and royalentertaining, and a major touristattraction.•Royal Coat of Arms of the UK:The official coat of arms of theBritish monarch, currently QueenElizabeth II. These arms are used by the Queen in her official capacity as monarch, and are officially known as her Arms of Dominion.The White House: It is the official home and principal workplace of the presidents of the United States. Built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the late Georgian style, it has been the executive residence of every U.S. President since John Adams. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the home in 1801, he, with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe, expanded the building outward, creating two colonnades which were meant to conceal stables and storage.Demonstration :Text A POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE UKThe Structure of British GovernmentThe ExecutiveMonarchThe head of state and theoretical source of executive, judicial and legislative power in the UK is the British monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II. However, sovereignty in the UK no longer rests with the monarch, whose role is largely a symbolic one.The queen presides over the State Opening of Parliament.The queen has to give the Royal Assent of agreement to any new law that is passed by parliament.She is kept in touch with the government by a weekly meeting with the Prime Minister in Buckingham Palace.Prime MinisterThe monarch appoints a Prime Minister, who then selects about twenty other ministers who make up the Cabinet. In making the selection, the Prime Minister must have some regard for the feelings of the backbenchers if they want to keep their support.The Civil ServiceImplementation of the Minister’s decisions is carried out by a permanent politically neutral organization known as the civil service. Its constitutional role is to support the Government of the day regardless of which political party is in power. Civil servants are officials who serve the elected political government. They themselves are not elected, and remain in office despite changes in government. Top civil servants offer advice about the possible consequences of policy, and are also responsible for implementing the policies of the government.The legislatureParliamentParliament is the centre of the political system in the United Kingdom and is the supreme legislative body. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. Nowadays the House of Commons is the most powerful part of Parliament. Before the government’s policies become laws they have to be approved by both Houses. Parliament has to ensure that the Government is working properly and that its policies and decisions are in the public interest.The House of LordsThe House of Lords was previously a hereditary, aristocratic chamber. It is currently a mixture of hereditary members of 26 Bishops, 800 hereditary peers or peeresses who have inherited their titles and are automatically members of the chamber for life, and 387 life peers who are appointed by the Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister. The House of Lords is currently also the final court of appeal within the United Kingdom, although in practice only a small number of the House of Lords, known as the Law Lords, hears judicial cases.House of CommonsThe House of Commons consists of 650 Members of Parliament (MPs) who are elected by the people to be their representatives. Each MP represents the voters in an area called a constituency.MPs hold their seats only for the life-time of a Parliament. They have to be reelected when a new government is formed at a General Election.The JudiciaryThe Lord Chancellor is the head of the judiciary in England and Wales. He appoints judges and magistrates for criminal courts on behalf of the Sovereign. The Lord Chancellor falls into all the three arms of state, taking roles in the executive, legislative and judiciary. However, the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 removes much of the power in this last role and gives it to others in the British government, mainly the newly created post of Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs.Period 3-4 :Demonstration :Text B POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE USAThe Constitution and the Bill of Rights–The Constitution–In 1787 delegates from the states met in Philadelphia to revise the Articles, but they did more than that. They wrote the Constitution , which was finally adopted by the thirteen states by 1790. The Constitution is still in force. It sets the basic form of government of three separate branches, each one having powers (’checks and balances’) over the other: the executive branch (the President); the legislative branch (the Congress); the judicial branch (the Supreme Court)–The Structure of American Government–––Republicanism–A republican government is one in which people elect representatives to govern. In the US, the people vote for members of the House of Representatives and for members of the Senate.–Federalism–Federalism is the division of power between a central government and the state units. When conflicts emerge, the central government takes the upper hand. Generally, the states were required to give up the power only when they were in the way of an effective national government.–separation of power–Separation of powers is the division of the law-making, law-enforcing and law-interpreting powers among the independent legislative, executive and judicial branches of government. Such a division is designed to prevent any branch from becoming too powerful.–Checks and Balances–Checks and balances means each branch of government scrutinize and restrain the other branches so as to prevent one branch from ignoring or overpowering the others. See a demonstrative diagram for more information.––Case Study–Major Political Parties in the UK–History of Party politics:–Prior to the mid-19th (loose alliances of interests and individuals):–The Tories (托利党)the landed gentry, the Church of England and the Church of Scotland–The Whigs (辉格党)the newly emerging moneyed industrial classes––Between the mid 19th century and 1920s:–The Tories the Conservative Party (保守党)–The Whigs the Liberal Party (自由党)––Post 1920s:–The Conservative Party The Conservative and Unionist Party–The Labour Party Alliance between the trades unions and various socialist societies (工党) –The Liberal Democrats Liberal Party declined and merged with the Social Democrats (自由民主党)–Introduction to party politics (2)–Small parties do not have their place. WHY?–The UK’s First Past the Post (简单多数票当选) electoral system.–First Past the Post was coined as an analogy to horse racing– 1. The winner of the race is the first to pass a particular point on the track.– 2. All other runners automatically and completely lose.– 3. The payoff is “winner-takes-all“ (赢者统吃).– 4. The candidate must receive the largest number of votes in their favour wins.–The Conservative Party–The Conservative Party believes that human nature is imperfect, and man need to be constrained.Therefore central control and a strong legal systemis necessary to guarantee individual freedom. Anysocial change should be gradual and cautious. Weshould be pragmatic and cautious. They areconservative when it comes to traditional valuesregarding family and respect for authority, but havea free-market approach to the economy. They alsostress its commitment to state welfare provisions asnecessary.•History1. The Tory Party (from the late 18th and early 19th Centuries)The party still often called the Tory Party and its members still commonly referred to as Tories.2. Public membership: the largest3. History: the oldest:4. Election victories: the most successful in British history5. The most successful political party in the world.• The official name: The Conservative and Unionist Party 1. Originated from the merge with the Liberal Unionist Party in 1912 2. maintained the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1886-1921 policy) in opposition to Irish nationalist and republican aspirations 3. Scotland’s allied Unionist Party independent of the Conservatives until 1965 4.The Ulster Unionist Party supported the Conservatives for many decades. Contradictory values1.The opposing values of individual liberty and cultural conformity Individual liberty ⇓———◊ Cultural conformity2.Attitudes towards unification of Europe Europhiles ⇓ ——————◊Eurosceptics However, the Conservative party has in recent years largely come to terms with these issues, or has at least ceased to argue quite as publicly over what remains a contentious internal issue.David William Donald CameronThe Conservative Headquarters the Leader of the Conservative Party 30 Millbank, London SW1 (since December 2005)Cameron questioned Gordon Brown on election donation (video ) (text ) The Labor PartyThe Labor Party generally is committed to parliamentary democracy and want to see more local democratic decision-making. They want to use the state to create conditions of greater equality by redistributing wealth through taxation. Yesterday• 1. Grew out of the trade union movement and socialist political parties of the 19th century • 2. Founded in the early 20th century, continuing to describe itself as a party of democraticsocialism (民主社会党)• 3. The first political party in Great Britain to stand for the representation of the low-paidworking class• 4. The Labour Party grassroots (草根) and traditional members and voters: the workingclass5. The Party in power• A. surpassed the Liberal Party as the main opposition to the Conservatives in the early1920s• B. minority governments under Ramsay MacDonald in 1924 and 1929-31• C. a junior partner in the wartime coalition from 1940-1945• D. a majority government, under Clement Attlee in 1945-51 and under Harold Wilson in 1964-70• E. in government in 1974-79, under Wilson and then James Callaghan• F. in government in 1997-now under Tony Blair and Gordon BrownToday•The principal party of the left (左翼政党) in England, Scotland and Wales since the 1920s party•In power in the whole country since 1997under Tony Blair and Gordon Brown•The largest party in the Welsh Assembly Government (威尔士联合政府)•The second largest party in the Scottish Parliament (苏格兰议会)•Mayor of London (伦敦市长): Ken Livingstone•Most Representatives in the European Parliament (欧洲议会) are from the Labor.The Labour: Party in power1. a landslide 179-seat majority in the 1997 general election (Tony Blair entering Downing Street.)2. more than 40% of the popular vote (Tony Blair)the Party’s large majority sl ightly reduced to 167 in the 2001 (Tony Blair and his supporters)3. more substantially reduced to 66 in 2005 (Tony Blair)•The present leaderGordon Brown: Prime MinisterCase studyDemocratic PartyUS Political Ecology•Andrew Jackson and his supporters called themselvesDemocrats. Today’s Democratic party traces its rootsto Andrew Jackson’s time. Democrats includedfrontier farmers as well as factory workers in the East. –Party Chairman Howard Dean–Senate Leader Robert Byrd (Senate president pro tempore),–Harry Reid (majority leader)–House Leader Nancy Pelosi (speaker)–Steny Hoyer (majority leader)–Founded 1828 (modern)–1792 (historic)–Headquarters 430 South Capitol Street SE–Washington, D.C. 20003–Political ideology Historical:–Classical liberalism,–Bimetallism (金银二本位制),–States' rights,–Modern:–Modern American liberalism,–Third Way,–Social liberalism–Political position Fiscal: Center-left, Liberal–Social: Center-left, Liberal–International affiliation None–Seats in the Senate 56/100–Seats 257/435–in the House of Representatives–Color(s) Blue (unofficial)–Website –The Democratic PartyHistory–The Democratic Party is the oldest political party in continuous operation in the United States and it is one of oldest parties in the world.–The Democratic Party traces its origins to the coalition founded in 1792 by Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and other influential opponents of the Federalists to resist the policies of George Washington’s administration. This coalition, originally called the Republican, and later the Democratic-Republican Party.–The party split into two factions during the presidential campaign of 1828.–One, the National Republican Party, was absorbed into the Whig Party in 1834; the other became the Democratic Party with the election of Andrew Jackson (1828).–Since the division of the Republican Party in the election of 1912, the Democratic Party has consistently positioned itself to the left of the Republican Party in economic issues and libertarianon social matters.–The economically activist philosophy of Franklin D. Roosevelt, which has strongly influenced American liberalism, has shaped much of the party's economic agenda since 1932. Roosevelt's New Deal coalition usually controlled the national government until the 1970s.–Democratic PartyIdeology–Since t he 1890s, the Democratic Party has favored “liberal” positions.–In recent exit polls, the Democratic Party has had broad appeal across all socio-ethno-economic demographics.–The Democratic base currently consists of a large number of well-educated and relatively affluent liberals as well as those in the socially more conservative working class.–The Democratic Party is currently the nation’s largest party.–In 2004, roughly 72 million (42.6 percent) Americans were registered Democrats, compared to 55 million (32.5 percent) Republicans and 42 million (24.8 percent) independents.–The Democratic Party: V oter base––The Republic Party––The Republican Party–Party Chairman Mike Duncan–Senate Leader Mitch McConnell (R KY)–Richard Cheney (R WY)–House Leader John Boehner (R OH)–Founded 1854–Headquarters 310 First Street SE Washington,D.C. 20003The Republican Party•the Grand Old Party or the GOP•Founded in 1854 by anti-slavery expansion activists and modernizers•Quickly became the principal opposition to the Democratic Party•Came to power in 1860 with the election of Abraham Lincoln to the presidency•Presided over the American Civil War and Reconstruction•Today, the party supports a conservative platform•The Republican Party is currently the second largest party•55 million registered members•roughly one-third of the electorate•George W. Bush, is the 19th Republican to hold that office•Republicans currently fill a minority of seats in both the United States Senate and the House of Representatives, hold a minority of state governorships, and control a minority of state legislatures.The Republican Party•Separation of powers and balance of powers•making law is the power of the legislature•judges, especially the Supreme Court, shoul d not “legislate from the bench.”•Some Republicans have actively sought to block judges who they see as being activist judges and they have sought the appointment of judges who claim to practice judicial restraint.•The Party has supported various bills within the last decade to deprive some or all federal courts of the ability to hear certain types of cases, in an attempt to limit judicial review.•Other Republicans, though, argue that it is the right of judges to extend the interpretation of the Constitution and judge actions by the legislative or executive branches as legal or unconstitutional on previously unarticulated grounds.•Economic policies•Republicans emphasize the role of corporate and personal decision making in fostering economic prosperity.•They support the idea of individuals being economically responsible for their own actions and decisions.•They favor a free market, policies supporting business, economic liberalism, and fiscal conservatism but with higher spending on the military.• A leading economic theory advocated by modern Republicans is supply-side economics, which holds that reduced income tax rates increase GDP growth and thereby generate the same or more revenue for the government from the smaller tax on the extra growth.•This be lief is reflected, in part, by the party’s long-term advocacy of tax cuts, a major Republican theme since the 1920s.•Environmental protection•Most Republicans believe that strict environmental standards hurt businesses and therefore support reductions in environmental regulations based on the principle of laissez-faire economics.•In the past, many Republicans were skeptical of anthropogenic global warming and questioned scientific studies on impact of human activity on climate change, instead asserting tha t global warming is part of “natural” cyclical phenomenon.•However, this is slowly changing due to more scientific research and increasing pressure from the international community, and in July 2008 the Bush administration acknowledged, at least in principle, the need to act on the issue of climate change.•Social policy•The Republican Party is working hard to define marriage as exclusively between one man and one woman. (no homosexuality)• A majority of the GOP’s national and state c andidates are pro-life and oppose abortion on religious or moral grounds, and favor faith-based initiatives. (no abortion) •Most of the GOP’s membership favors capital punishment and stricter punishments as a means to prevent crime. (capital punishment)•Republicans in rural areas generally support gun ownership rights and oppose laws regulating guns, although Republicans in urban areas sometimes favor limited restrictions on the grounds that they are necessary to protect safety in large cities. (no gun control) The Republican Party: V oter base2008 presidential electionTraditional Images of the Two PartiesDemocratic Party•The Democrats have been considered a party of less affluent people. More liberal-minded, and played an active role for the federal government in the economic and social sectors, particularly where rights of minority groups are involved. The Democratic Party is said to enjoy their greatest advantage on issues like:•helping the poor, the elderly and the homeless;•handling unemployment;•dealing with the environment;•improving health care.Republican Party•The Republican Party has generally been a party of more affluent and conservative voters. It has favored free economic principles, and prefers state and local government power to federal power. The Republican Party is said to be letter at:•managing foreign policy;•dealing with national defense;•holding down taxes.SummaryAssignment :1.What are the differences between Democratic Republic system and ConstitutionalMonarchy system?2.What can be the advantages and disadvantages of the two-party system? What are theadvantages and disadvantages of the General Election of the USA?。
英语国家概况习题打印
英语国家概况习题打印1，The New Deal was started by _____.A Franklin RooseveltB J.K. KennedyC George WashingtonD Thomas Jefferson2. In the United States, education policies are made by ______________.A. the federal governmentB. the state board of educationC. local school districtD. board of trustees3. The U.S. is called a “melting pot” because _____.A its steel industry is highly developedB it has great influence on the worldC it is an important economic center of the worldD people from different races live there together4. The Judicial Branch is headed by 司法部门_____.A. the Supreme CourtB. CongressC. President5. The symbol of the US Democratic Party is _____.A. donkeyB. elephantC. eagleAADCA6. _____ has the sole right to interpret the Constitution.唯一有权解释宪法。
A. The CabinetB. The Supreme CourtC. PresidentD. Congress7. The political system of the US is based on the following except _____.美国的政治体制是基于以下的除外A. federalismB. the constitutional monarchyC. the separation of powersD. respect for the constitution8. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A. 1620B. 1607C. 17769. One of the most important lakes in the United States is _________, which is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Ontario10. The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.A. the easternB. the westernC. the northernBBCAA11. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. Michigan12. _____ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The western13. The smallest state in the United States is ___________.A. WashingtonB. Rhode Island 罗德岛C. HawaiiD. Maryland14. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest15. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independence.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional ConventionCBBDb16. The first Ten amendments added to the Constitution are knows as _____.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers17. Junior school in America is _____.A. two yearsB. three yearsC. four yearsD. five years18. On June 5, 1947, ________ suggested that the U.S. should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.1947年6月5日,在建议美国应该向西欧提供经济援助,以保护该地区不受苏联的扩张A. George Marshall19，________ marked the beginning of Cold war between U.S. and Soviet.在美国和苏联之间的标志着冷战的开始。
高二英语政治学原理单选题30题及答案
高二英语政治学原理单选题30题及答案1.The essence of democracy is________.A.rule by a fewB.rule by the peopleC.rule by the richD.rule by one person答案：B。
解析：民主的本质是人民当家作主，选项B“rule by the people”即人民统治，符合民主的本质。
选项A“rule by a few”是少数人统治；选项C“rule by the rich”是富人统治；选项D“rule by one person”是一人统治，都不符合民主的本质。
2.Political power ultimately comes from________.A.the militaryB.the peopleC.the wealthyD.the government答案：B。
解析：政治权力最终来自人民。
人民是国家的主人，政治权力是为人民服务的。
选项A“the military”军队只是国家权力的一部分执行力量；选项C“the wealthy”富人不能代表政治权力的来源；选项D“the government”政府的权力也是来自人民的授权。
3.In a democratic society, decisions are made through________.A.voteB.decreeC.forceD.coercion答案：A。
解析：在民主社会中，决策是通过投票做出的。
选项B“decree”法令不是民主社会的主要决策方式；选项C“force”武力和选项D“coercion”强制都与民主背道而驰。
4.The core value of a constitutional state is________.w enforcementw supremacyw makingw interpretation答案：B。
解析：法治国家的核心价值是法律至上。
the political system in the united states 美国政治
the Articles of Confederation the making of the US Constitution the three branches of the federal government checks and balances the Bill of Rights political parties
Executive Branch
• The chief executive of the united states is the president,who,together with vice president,is elected to a four-year term. • The powers of the presidency are formidable,but not without limitations. • The president has the authority to appoint federal judges as vacancies occur,including members of the Supreme Court.
Americans do not have to join a political party in order to vote or to be a candidate for public office. One concern many Americans have about their political system is the high cost of campafigning for public office. The concerns of the public and of elected officeholders themselves have started a movement to change the financing of elections.
国概下册课文翻译Unit 4
Unit 4 The Social System in the United States第四单元美国的社会制度1783年签署的《巴黎和约》承认美国的独立，大西洋东海岸的13个前英国殖民地成为了这个新国家的13个州。
这13个州分别是：在东北部新英格兰的马萨诸塞州、康涅狄格州、罗得岛州和新罕布什尔州；在中部的马里兰州、宾夕法尼亚州、特拉华州、纽约州和新泽西州；和在南部的弗吉尼亚州、北卡罗来纳州、南卡罗来纳州和佐治亚州。
虽然《独立宣言》宣称这13个殖民地是“联合一致的殖民地，从此成为且名正言顺地应成为自由和独立的国家”，但他们并不十分确定美国未来的政治制度，以及各州和政府之间的关系。
所以，迫切需要制定一部宪法。
联邦条例独立战争结束后，美国并不是一个像今天一样统一的国家。
每个州都有自己的政府，很像是一个个独立的国家在各自为政。
每个州依照自己制定的法律，来处理其内部事务。
战争期间，各州都同意派代表参加全国大会，共同合作。
全国大会是参照领导对英作战的“代表大会”形式进行的。
战争获胜后，国会只处理那些各州不能单独处理的问题和需求。
如：筹集资金偿还战争债务，建立货币制度，签订合约时处理与外国的事物等。
确立合作计划的协议书被称为“邦联条例”。
邦联条例无法发挥其应有的效力，因为各州不与国会合作，也不与其他州合作。
国会需要钱支付国家军队或支付所欠法国和其他国家的债务时，一些州拒绝出钱。
因为未授予国会最高权力迫使任何州做任何事情。
也不能收取任何公民的税。
只有公民所生活的州可以这样做。
许多美国人为国家的未来忧心忡忡。
如果各州不支付所欠债务，美国如何能赢得其他国家的尊重？如果各州不相互合作，他们怎么能够修筑道路或运河以改善自己的国家？他们认为，国会需要更多的权力。
国会要求每个州都派代表参加费城会议，讨论修改一些必要的条例，以增强联邦条例的效力。
最小的州罗得岛拒绝参加会议，但来自其他12个州的代表参加了会议。
这次会议就是后来为大家所熟知的制宪会议，始于1787年5月。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Three Branches
Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch
Legislative Branch
Made up of representatives from all of the states
It is the only branch that can make federal laws, declare war and approve foreign treaties
The Congress
Executive Branch
President of the United States President and Vice President are elected to a 4-year term
President can only serve 2 terms(8 years total)
White House
Official residence and workplace of the president Includes bowling alley, swimming pool, movie theater, 5 full-time chefs
White House
Judicial Branch
Decide whether laws follow the Constitution
Supreme Court
Political Parties
Organized groups of people who share a st of ideas about how the government should be run Two main parties: 1. Republicans 2. Democrats
Politicians elected to serve 2 years
The larger the state’s population, the more representatives it has(larger states have more power ) California=53 representatives Hawaii=2 representatives Total= 435 representatives The Senate Politicians elected to serve 6 years Each state has 2 senators(all states have equal power)
For example, before the US can enter into a treaty with China, it must get the legislative branch’s approval
The US Capital Building
Congress
Consists of a congress divided into two houses: House of representatives:
Headed by the Supreme Court Consists of 9 justices Justices are nominated by the President, but must be approved by Congress Serve for lifetime
The Political System in the United States
Jenny & Jillian
Constitution
A document that is the supreme law of the USA Provides framework for the US government
Republican Party
Conservative Issues: Supported the Iraq invasion
Against gay marriage
Against abortion
Dssues Against the war in Iraq Supports gay marriage Supports woman’s right to decide whether or not to have an abortion