江苏学位英语考试真题及答案

2014年江苏学位英语考试真题答案

阅读理解一（2005年题）

Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems. For example, too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the local people of a country. If tourists create too much traffic, the local people become unhappy. They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely. They forget how much tourism can help the country’s economy(经济). It is important to think about the people of a destination country and how tourism affects them. Tourism should help a country keep the customs and beauty that attract tourists. Tourism should also advance(推进) the well-being (health and happiness) of local people.

Too much tourism can be a problem. If tourism grows too quickly, people must leave other jobs to work in the tourism industry. This means that other parts of the country’s economy can suffer.

On the other hand, if there is not enough tourism, people can lose jobs. Businesses can also lose money. It costs a lot of money to build large hotels, airports, air terminals, first-class roads and other support facilities needed by tourist attractions. For example, a major international-class tourism hotel can cost as much as 50 thousand dollars per room to build. If this room is not used most of the time, the owners of the hotel will lose money.

Building a hotel is just a beginning. There must be many support facilities as well, including roads to get to the hotel, electricity, sewers to handle waste, and water. All of these support facilities cost money. 91.If they are not used because there are not enough tourists, jobs and money are lost

译文：如果没有适当的规划，旅游可能会出现问题。例如，太多的游客可以围观公共场所，这样它们也享有一个国家的当地人民应享有的待遇。如果游客量太大造成交通拥挤，当地人会变得不高兴。他们开始反感旅游者并无礼地对待他们。他们忘记了旅游的多少可以帮助该国经济。考虑到旅游目的地人民的感受和给他们带来的影响就显得尤为重要，旅游业应该帮助一个国家保护这种风俗和美丽，以此来吸引游客，同时应该预知当地人的幸福感（健康，快乐）。

太多旅游业可能是一个问题。如果旅游业增长太快，人们必须离开其他工作去从事旅游行业工作。这意味着该国经济的其他部分会受到影响。

另一方面，如果没有足够的旅游，人们可能失去工作。企业也可能赔钱。它花费了很多钱去建大酒店，机场，航空终端，一流的道路和所需要的旅游景点等配套设施。举例来说，一个重要的国际一流的旅游酒店每间房建设成本可能高达50万美元。如果房间大部分时间不使用，酒店的老板会赔钱。建酒店只是一个开始。一定有很多的配套设施，还包括到达酒店道路的道路建设，电力，建污水管道处理废物和水。所有这些配套设施的都需要钱。如果他们不投入使用以及没有足够的游客，那么他们将面临赔本和失业

21选D.

What is probably the reason if local people dislike tourists?

A.Tourists come to enjoy the customs and beauty

B.Local people lose jobs

C.A lot of hotels are built

D.Too many tourists cause traffic problems

22选A.

What can we do to solve the problems caused by tourism?

A.Make plans properly

B.Help the country’s economy

C.Build fewer hotels

D.Advance the well-being of local people

23选D.

If tourism grows too quickly,__D____.

A.businesses will lose money

B.other parts of the country’s economy will make more money

C.local people will be happier

D.more local people will work for tourists

24选B.

Support facilities needed by tourist attractions includes ___B___.

①public places ②hotels ③airports ④roads ⑤electricity ⑥sewers

A.①②③④⑤

B.②③④⑤⑥

C.①②③⑤⑥

D.①③④⑤⑥

25选C.

If the writer wants to add Paragraph 5 to the passage, he may tell us ___C___.

A.whether people need to build more hotels

B.whether people need to plan tourism properly

C.how to deal with the problems above

D.how to prevent tourism growing too quickly

阅读理解二（2003年考题）

For years it has been possible to set up cameras to take pictures of cars as they speed along highways, jump lights or drive too fast down the street.

However，even if the pictures are taken automatically, someone still has to do all the paperwork of sending out fines. But now a British company called EEV has come up with a computerized video system that can do it all automatically.

They suggest that all number plates have a bar code（条形码）as well as the usual number. The bar codes are just stripes of lines like those you see on food packets but bigger. EEVs high speed video camera system can read a bar-coded number plate even if the car is doing over 100 miles per hour. The computer controlling the system could then use the information from the bar code to find out the name and address of the driver（from the car records），print out the fine and send it off automatically. The inventors also suggest that the system should watch traffic to help catch stolen cars.

The new electronic system could be watching everyone that passes the cameras！92.Many people find the idea that “big brother is watching you”is more of a worry than a few motorists getting away with driving too fast. Besides, some people will be very unhappy to realize that with the new system the police could find out where a particular car has been.

26．The best title for the article can be ___D_____.

A．People Who Drive Too Fast

B．Stop People from Driving Too Fast

C．EEV and the Police System

D．A New Computerized System for Motoring Breaking Law

27．The former camera used by the traffic police system is to ___A_____.

A．take pictures of cars on highways

B．send fines to fast motorists

C．catch cars breaking traffic rules

D．make the traffic system fully automatic

28．The newly-invented system works much better with the aid of ____C____.

A．car number plates

B．car speeding records

C．bar code numbers on number plates

D．print-out fines

29．An additional purpose of the new system is that it could ____A____.

A．help catch stolen cars

B．add code numbers

C．watch everyone who drives too fast

D．print out bar codes automatically

30．“‘Big brother is watching you’is more of a worry than…”means that many people ____C____.

A．are more worried about fast-driving motorists than being watched on

B．find “big brothers”more worrying than motorists

C．are more worried about being watched on than about fast-driving motorists

D．find motorists more worried than “big brothers”

已经有好几年，构建照相机来拍下当汽车在高速路上超速、闯红灯、或者在街上过速驾驶的照片已经成为可能。

然而即使照片是自动拍摄的，还是有人仍然必须做送出罚款的所有文书工作。但是现在一个名叫EEV的英国公司已经提出一个能完全自动工作的由计算机处理的电视系统。

他们表示所有的牌照都跟通常的数字一样有一个条形码。条形码就是像你在食物包装上能看到的条纹线一样，只是大点。即使汽车正以每小时超过100英里的时速驾驶，EEV的高速电视照相系统也能够读出它的有着条形码的牌照。由计算机控制着的系统能够利用条形码上的信息来找出驾驶员的姓名，以及他的住址（从汽车驾驶纪录中找），打印出罚单，然后自动的寄出。发明者还指出这个系统能监视交通来帮助找到被盗窃的车辆。

这个新的电子系统能够监视通过照相机的任何一个人。许多人觉得，“大哥在注视着你”这个念头远比让几个超速行车的人逃避受罚要令人担忧得多。另外，一些人会很不乐意的发现，通过这个新的系统，警察能够发现哪里有特殊的汽车。

26. 能够大概替代这篇文章的题目是。

A．驾驶超速的人们

B．阻止人们驾驶超速

C．EEV和警察系统

D．监视违规的计算机系统的一些细节

答案：D 纵观全文可知。

27. 被交警系统所用的传统的照相机制是。

A．在高速上拍汽车的快照

B．抓违反交通规则的汽车

C．寄罚单给驾驶快的摩托车

D．使交通系统全面自动化

答案：B 由文中第一段内容“set up cameras to take pictures of cars as they speed along highways, jump lights or drive too fast down the street”

28. 新发明的系统机制是更多的靠帮助。

A．牌照

B．驾驶速度纪录

C．牌照上的条形码

D．打印罚单

答案：C 由文中第三段内容“all number plates have a bar code”，“EEVs high speed video camera system can read a bar-coded number plate”

29. 下列中除了哪一项都能用来描述EEV的方法？

A．一个计算机控制的电视系统

B．“大哥”

C．一个电子系统

D．一个全自动的打印罚单的

答案：D 由文中“come up with a computerized video system ”，“The new electronic system ”，“big brother is watching you”可知ABC 都可描述。

30. 关于这个系统的一个额外的功能是它能。

A．增加数字密码

B．帮助找到被盗的车辆

C．监视每一个开的过快的人

D．全自动的打印出罚单

答案： B 由文中第三段最后一句“The inventors also suggest that the system should watch traffic to help catch stolen cars.”可知答案。

阅读三

（93）Since the beginning of history, man has been attracted by the idea of living forever, of wining the fight against death and disease．So far, this has only remained a dream, though a very powerful one．Many people have wondered whether it would be possible to find a way to preserve human bodies, and what would be the best way to preserve human bodies．It has long been known that meat of fruit can be kept fresh for long periods by freezing; in ancient China, for example, food was stored with ice to keep it fresh．This method could also be useful for preserving humans, and in fact many people have explored this possibility．

However, most living beings that exist under warm conditions die when frozen．This is because of the harmful effects of freezing ice crystals（晶体）, which are not only larger than the volume of the water originally in the cells, but also form sharp cutting shapes that harms the cells．

In the 1940s Dr B．J．Luyet and a group of scientists in England were working on the problem of freezing cells without damaging them．Since the harm caused by ice crystals was the main cause of the damage, Luyet suggested removing some or all of the water from the cells before freezing them．

Using living cells from chicken, Luyet and his assistants discovered that they could partly dry the chicken cells, using a mixture of the white part of an egg and glycerin（丙三醇）, a clear, thick liquid made chiefly from fats and oils．Some success was obtained．The chicken cells were dried, frozen for a period of time, and then carefully unfrozen．Almost all the cells recovered when they reached normal temperatures．

Since then, the cooling of whole animals to a temperature very much below freezing point for later unfreezing has become more of a possibility, and the glycerin method would probably be used to accomplish this．When this can be done completely and successfully, science will have moved much closer to its aim of freezing and storing incurable patients until the day they can be cured．

31．The passage is mainly about ______A_____．

A．the possibility of preserving human bodies by freezing

B．the practice of preserving food by freezing

C．the harmful effects of freezing

D．how to remove water from living cells

32．The idea of freezing human bodies to preserve them ______A____．

A．comes from that of keeping meat and fruit fresh by freezing

B．was invented in ancient China

C．has already been realized

D．is widely accepted by the scientific world

33．According to the passage, freezing is______C_____．

A．the best way of preserving food

B．a way of removing water from living cells

C．a way of realizing the idea of preserving human bodies

D．harmful to living cells and cannot be adopted to preserve them

34．Glycerin can be used ______C__．

A．to freeze living cells 有史以来，人类都梦想着长生不老，能够战

B．to unfreeze living cells

C．to remove water from living cells

D．to change the shapes of crystals

35．The success obtained by Dr Luyet and his helpers was a long step towards _____D______．

A．keeping meat or fruit fresh

B．changing the volume of the water in living cells

C．changing the shapes of ice crystals

D．preserving human bodies for long periodsging the volume of the water in living cells

C．changing the shapes of ice crystals

D．preserving human bodies for long periods

有史以来，人类都梦想着长生不老，能够战胜死亡和病魔。到目前为止，这也只能是一个梦想，虽然很强烈。很多人想知道能否找到一个方法来保存人体，最好的方法是什么。

很长时间以来人们都知道冷冻可以使肉类和水果长时间保鲜；比如，在中国古代，人们将食物贮存在冰中保鲜。这种方法对于人体保存可能也很有用。事实上，很多人已经探索了这方面的可能性。

然而，大多数生物只能在温暖的环境下生存，而被冷冻时就会死亡。原因是由于寒冷的冰晶的破坏作用：它们的体积不仅大于最初以水的形式存在于细胞当中的体积，而且会形成细胞的尖锐的棱角。

20世纪40年代，B.J.Luyet博士和一批英格兰科学家致力于研究解决如何冷冻而又不破坏细胞。既然冰晶是主要的造成危害的原因，Luyet建议在冷冻之前先取出细胞中的部分或全部的水。

Luyet和他的助手对鸡的活细胞做出的研究发现，利用蛋白和甘油-----一种主要由脂肪和油料制成透明粘稠的液体-----的混合物可将鸡细胞部分的水脱去。实验取得了一定的成功。这些鸡细胞被脱水、冷冻一段时间，然后小心地解冻。温度恢复正常时，几乎所有的细胞都复活了。

从此，将整只动物以大大低于冰点的温度冷冻以后再解冻可能性大大提高，这种甘油方法或许使之成为可能。当这一设想得已实现的时候，离科学将患有不治之症的病人冷冻直到找到治疗方法的目标就为期不远了。

31 这篇短文主要是关于。

A．通过冷冻保存人体

B．B．通过冷冻保存食品

C．冷冻的有害影响

D．如何清除生物细胞里的水

答案：A 第一段的最后一句点出了文章的答案。

32 冷冻人体达到保存的目的的思想。

A．源于通过冷冻保鲜肉和水果

B．发明于中国古代

C．已经被人们认识到

D．已经为科学界广为接受

答案： A 第二段讲出了这一想法的来源。

33根据短文，冷冻是。

A．保存食品的最佳方式

B．清除生物细胞水分的方法之一

C．实现保存人体想法的一种方法

D．对生物细胞有害，不能采用以保存生物细胞

答案：C 研究主要是为了实现人体保存的目的，而对细胞的研究只是其中的一部分。

34 甘油可以用来。

A．冷冻生物细胞

B. ,溶化生物细胞

C．清除生物细胞的水分

D. 改变结晶体的形状

答案：C 甘油和冷冻本身无关，只和脱水有关。

35 Luyet博士和他的协助者们获得的成功是迈向 D 很长的一步。

A．保险肉或水果蔬菜

B．B．改变生物细胞内的含水量

C．改变冰晶体的形状

D．长久保存人体

答案：D 这一题的解题思路也应遵循着“人体保存”这一原则。

阅读4

Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the scholars of old times, while during the 15 the century the word “reading”undoubtedly meant reading aloud. Only during the 19 the century did silent reading become a common practice.

One should be careful, however, in thinking that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud disturbs others. Research into the historical development of silent reading shows that it became the usual way of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.

The 19 the century saw a gradual increase in literacy （读写能力）and thus in the number of readers. 94.As readers increased, so the number of listeners dropped, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud. As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the popularity of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, trains and offices, where reading aloud would disturb other readers in a way.

Towards the end of the century there was still heated argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening. Indeed this argument remains with us still in education. However, whatever its advantages, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other.

By the end of the 19 the century, students were being advised to form their own opinions on books and to use skills in reading them which were unsuitable for the oral reader. 95.The social, cultural, and technological changes in the 19 the century had greatly changed what the word “reading”implied.

36. Why was reading aloud common before the nineteenth century? D

A . Silent reading had not been discovered.

B . There were few places available for private reading.

C . People relied on reading for entertainment.

D . Few people could read for themselves.

正确答案:Few people could read for themselves.

题目详解:根据问题中“Why was reading aloud common”的提示，从第三段中“increase in literacy（文化水平的提高），the number of readers（读者数量的增加），The number of potential listeners 听者数量的减少?提供的信息判断，选项中的"Few people could read for themselves" 符合题意。

37. The development of silent reading during the nineteenth century indicated __D____.

A . an increase in the average age of readers

B . an increase in the number of books

C . a change in the status of literate people

D . a change in the nature of reading

正确答案:a change in the nature of reading

题目详解:根据问题中“The development of silent reading”的提示，从第二段中“…should be careful…simply because…the usual mode of reading ..the tasks themselves changed in character 不要认为无声阅读的问世是因为有声阅读分散了人们的注意力，而是阅读任务本身发生了变化?提供的信息判断，选项中的"a change in the nature of reading" 符合题意。

38. Educationalists are still arguing about ___D___.

A . the importance of silent reading

B . the effects of reading on health

C . the amount of information yielded by books and newspapers

D . the value of different types of reading material

正确答案:the value of different types of reading material

题目详解:根据问题中…Educationalists are still arguing?的提示，从第四段中“…considerable argument over 大量的关于书、阅读材料对获取信息方面的争论…whatever its virtues 无论优点如何…the old shared literacy culture…by the printed mass media…by books and magazines for a specialized readership 古老的文化已被印刷品取而代之，为掌握专业知识被书籍和杂志取而代之?提供的信息判断，选项中的"the value of different types of reading material" 符合题意。

39. The emergence of the mass media and of specialized reading material showed that __B___.

A . educationalists' attitudes had changed

B . readers' interests had become varied

C . standards of literacy had gone down

D . printing techniques had improved

正确答案:readers' interests had become varied 题目详解:根据问题中…The emergence of the mass media and of specialized reading material?的提示，从第五段中……inappropriate, if not impossible, …（读者应该掌握，如果有可能的话，适合于专业阅读而不是口语的阅读技能?提供的信息判断，选项中的"readers' interests had become varied " 符合题意。

40. What is the writer of this passage attempting to do? A

A . Explain how present-day reading habits developed.

B . Encourage the growth of reading.

C . Show how reading methods have improved.

D . Change people's attitudes to reading.

正确答案:Explain how present-day reading habits developed.

题目详解:根据问题中“attempting to do”的提示，从第一段中“a modern activity …almost unknown to, …meant reading aloud…silent reading …（现在的阅读方法是古人不知到的。十五世纪的阅读指的是有声阅读，而无声阅读是在十九世纪问世的）显然说明了作者要通过"有声阅读"和"无声阅读"的对比来说明读书习惯的形成?提供的信息判断，选项中的"Explain how present-day reading habits developed" 符合题意。

（完型是2003年考题）

The first thing to consider（考虑）when you want to build a private（私人的）swimming pool（游泳池）is the size（尺寸）and shape（形状）of the pool. The size and the shape will depend(依靠，取决于) on many 41 .Public（公共的）pools are usually large and rectangular(长方形的) or L-shape. But private pools, our specialty(特征), are 42 and can be almost any shape—rectangular, kidney bean, round（园的）, oval（椭圆的）, or free form（没有形状的）. A private pool must 43 the design （设计）of a house and a garden, 44 the shape is important. The size and the shape of your pool will 45 depend on what you want to do in the pool: dive（潜水）? Have a 46 for children to swim（游泳）? Exercise（锻炼）? 47 cool or hot days? Just relax（放松）? We can help you 48 these decisions（决定）.

Next, you must plan the details（细节）of your pool. Our engineers （工程师）and architects（设计师）can help you 49 this. They will survey（调查）your land, examine（测试）the ground（地面）, and look carefully at your house and 50 , then they will draw a detailed（详细的）plan that is similar（与……相近）51 an architect’s house plan. Then plans will include（包括）the 52 of drains（排水）, pipes（水管）, and water filter systems（过滤系统）.

Next , we must excavate（挖掘）(dig（挖）a large hole（洞）in the ground) and 53 the ground for concrete（混凝土制的）. Our 54 of pool builders（建筑者）is expert（擅长）at this work.

55 they excavate, they will prepare a concrete floor. Then they prepare the walls of the pool with mesh（网，啮合）reinforcement（增强，加固）and steel（钢铁）form-work. Next they will pour（倒）or spray（喷射，溅）concrete 56 the walls. The concrete needs to dry（干燥）slowly and evenly. If it dries too 57 , it will crack（破碎）.

To finish the pool, you might want to add（加）steps, ladders（梯子）, a driving board, tiles, paint（油漆）, and lights（照明）. You will also need to finish the area（面积，区域）58 the pool. You might want a paved（铺路）area around the pool, a fence （栅栏，围墙）, and a garden. Be sure not to plant 59 near the pool: They will cause shadows（阴影）and the leaves will drop （掉落）into the water. Furthermore（而且）, the growing roots（根）will 60 the concrete. Our designers and landscapers （园林设计师）can help you with these final plants.

41. C （因素） A. facts（事实）B . causes（引起）D. circumstances（环境）