定语从句讲义与练习.doc
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、什么是定语从句在英语语法中，定语从句是一种非常重要的从句类型。
它是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，在句中充当定语的成分，为所修饰的名词或代词提供更多的信息。
举个简单的例子：“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”（我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
）在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，它修饰先行词“book”，告诉我们是“哪一本书”有趣。
二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词和关系副词）引导。
关系代词主要有：that、which、who、whom、whose 等。
关系副词主要有：when、where、why 等。
比如：“The man who is standing there is my teacher”（站在那里的那个人是我的老师。
）这里的“who”就是关系代词，指代先行词“man”，在从句中作主语。
再比如：“This is the place where we met last time”（这就是我们上次见面的地方。
）这里的“where”是关系副词，指代先行词“place”，在从句中作地点状语。
三、关系词的用法1、关系代词 that 和 whichthat 和 which 在定语从句中都可以指代物，但有些情况下只能用that 不能用 which ：（1）先行词是不定代词 all、much、little、something、everything、anything、nothing 等时。
例如：“All that can be done has been done”（能做的都已经做了。
）（2）先行词被 the only、the very、the same、the last 等修饰时。
例如：“This is the very book that I want”（这正是我想要的那本书。
(完整版)定语从句讲义(个人精心整理)
一．定语从句定义及相关术语1.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。
2.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词通常有下列三个作用：A.引导定语从句B.代替先行词,C.在定语从句中担当一个成分二．关系代词表格例如：（注意关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分）① Do you know the professor who/that will give us a speech next week? （作主语）② I read a report about his new novel that/ which will soon be published. （作主语）③ The plan that/which they argued about was settled at last. （作宾语）④ This is the new secretary (who/whom/that) I would like to introduce to you. （作宾语）⑤ The soldier whose legs were badly wounded was operated on without delay. （作定语）三．6个关系代词的用法1）关系代词that和which的用法which, that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.▲但在有些情况下，只用that1.先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、什么是定语从句在英语语法中，定语从句是一种非常重要的句子结构。
简单来说，定语从句就是在一个句子中充当定语成分的从句。
它用来修饰、限定或说明先行词，即被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
例如：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting （“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“the book”）二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导。
关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose 等。
关系副词有：when、where、why 等。
关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分；关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语。
例如：The man that is standing there is my teacher （that 作主语，指人）The book that I bought is very useful （that 作宾语，指物）2、 which 指物，在定语从句中可以作主语、宾语。
例如：The house which was built last year is very beautiful （which 作主语）The pen which you gave me is very nice （which 作宾语）3、 who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如：The girl who is singing is my sister （who 作主语）4、 whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
例如：The man whom I met yesterday is very kind （whom 作宾语）5、 whose 表示“……的”，在定语从句中作定语。
例如：The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard （whose 作定语，修饰“father”）四、关系副词的用法1、 when 表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
定语从句讲解与练习(课件).
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
形式上 意义上 译法上
二、 非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。要用for which代替why。
如：
1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们，为 此我没有去开会。
2. I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。(限 制性定语从句“the reason why...”是常见搭配。)
关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定 语从句中担当一个成分。
■关系代词的一般用法
先行词是人，在从句中作主语用who，作宾语用 whom或who，作定语用whose；先行词是物，在 定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which，作定语用of which或whose均可。在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。关系代词作宾语时常 被省略。
progress. (2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every,
little, few, much, all, very等形容词修饰时，只能 用that。如：
This is the only problem that we can’t work out.
定语从句讲义习题(带答案)
定语从句：Attributive Clause/ Relative Clause引入：She is a beautiful girl. (beautiful – 定语)I found the girl is beautiful.She is the girl whom I found beautiful. (whom I found beautiful is beautiful – 定语从句)一、概念1.定语：定语就是修饰__________或者___________的成分。
2.定语从句：在一句话中做________的句子，叫做定语从句。
定语从句本质是一个很长的_________。
(adj + n: she is a beautiful girl. n + RC: she is the actress whom I found beautiful)3.先行词: 定语从句修饰的__________ 或___________。
先行词一般有三类。
a)Thing (代表物):e.g. The phone that/which he lost in the taxi was an iPhone.(先行词是名词phone，在定语从句中充当宾语)b)Person (代表人):e.g. The girl who is standing in front of the gate is his girlfriend.(先行词是名词the girl, 在定语从句中充当主语)c)Sentence（代表全句）e.g. Jack bought an Apple Watch for his girlfriend at the Valentia’s day, which made she very happy.(先行词是整个主句，在定语从句中作主语)4.关系词: 用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，关系词分为关系代词（relative pronouns: who, whom, which,that, whose），关系副词(relative adverbs: when, where, why）。
定语从句 练习 讲义
学生版定语从句1.定义在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，用作定语的从句，叫做定语从句。
2.结构I want to read a book.I want to read an interesting book.I want to read an interesting book that talks about Chinese history.关系代词：1.先行词指人，用关系代词who或whomIt was a story about a young man who called Tom.The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.Jane was the girl whom Tom loved.Mrs Smith (whom) you met yesterday is a friend of mine.The person to whom you just talked is Mr. Li.注：who和whom的区别1）who的前面不能与介词搭配使用I’m talking about friends who you can share almost everything with.2）Whom在定语从句中不能做主语，但可以做宾语或表语A rich person is not one who has the most, but is one who needs the least.2.表示人或物的所有关系，用whoseI know a friend. His brother is a pop singer.→I know a friend whose brother is a pop singer.It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at the time.Miss Brown is the teacher whose house caught fire last night.Nobody wants the house whose roof was broken.→Nobody wants the house, the roof of which was broken.3.先行词指物，用关系代词whichWe are studying sentences. They contain adjective clauses.→We are studying sentences which contain adjective clauses.They lived in a house which was built by Tom's father.The machine which can fly is airplane.The song which I love is composed by my favorite singer.Anger is a wind which blows out the lamp of the mind.He likes climbing mountains, which is a good exercise.Tom was late. That surprised me. →Tom was late, which surprised me.先行词只能用which的情况（1）介词后面：This is the factory in which my father works.The tall tree behind which lies a big stone is still here.（2）”，”后面，即用在非限定性定语从句I have a book, which is very interesting.I was late for school again, which made the teacher angry.4.That 可以指代人，也可指代物I will introduce my friend that is really cute.The book that is on the desk was written by my grandfather.I know the movie that he saw yesterday is directed by Wang Jiawei.在定语从句中，先行词为物的情况下，在以下几种情况只能用that，不能用which。
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习较全面
高中英语定语从句讲解与练习定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词〔关系代词或关系副词〕引出。
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1〕who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。
例如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
2〕whose 用来指人或物，〔只用作定语, 假如指物，它还可以同of which互换〕。
例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose 〔of which〕cover is green. 3〕which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. The package 〔which / that〕you are carrying is about to e unwrapped.18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1〕关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。
定语从句相关内容讲解与练习PPT课件
先行词 关系代词
（ 关系代词在从句中作表语，只能用that连接）
There is not an easy question that you think it to be
（ 先行词） （关系代词）
（ 关系代词在从句中作表语，只能用that连接）
无忧PPT整理发布
关系代词
关系代词that 关系代词which 关系代词who和whom
The boy to write this letter needs a pen
无忧PPT整理发布
定语从句就是修饰名词(代词)的从句，被修饰的名 词称为先行词。定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词 引导，前者在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语，后者 在从句中作状语。
无忧PPT整理发布
T_h_e__m_a_n w__h_o lives next to us is a
词pen 数词作定语相当于形容词：
Two boys need two pens B.代词或名词所有格作定语： The boy needs Tom's pen C.介词短语作定语： The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours D.名词作定语： The boy needs a quill pen E.副词作定语： The boy there needs a pen F.不定式作定语：
(先行词) 关系副词
(定语)
无忧PPT整理发布
关系代词用法
关系代词
指代
that which who whom
whose (of which)
人／物 物 人 人
人／物
在从句中 的作用
主／宾 主／宾
主／宾 定
定 无忧PPT整理发布
定语从句讲解及巩固练习(有答案)
定语从句讲解及巩固练习一、定语从句的概念关系词（引导定语从句）↑1.People who have the highest EQ are the most successful↓先行词(被修饰词)二、定语从句的分类1. 限制性定语从句: 与先行词关系密切, 如果没有定语从句, 主句不完整, 且与先行词之间无逗号。
2. 非限制性定语从句: 对先行词起补充说明作用, 如果删除, 主句意义仍然完整, 与先行词之间有逗号。
eg: On the desk there are twenty books, three of which are mine.My aunt Alice ,whom I haven’t seen for years, is coming next month.★ that不能用于非限制性定语从句。
三、定语从句的关系词1. 指人的关系代词: who / whom / that1) 先行词在从句中作主语eg: A doctor is a person who / that looks after people’s health.2) 先行词在从句中作宾语eg: Mr White invited many friends to his party (who / whom / that) he respected much.3) 关系代词前有介词eg: Nancy is the right person on whom you can depend.小结：⑴ 指人的关系代词中，在从句中充当主语的是who和that,且在句中不可以省略。
⑴ 指人的关系代词中, 在从句中充当宾语的是who，that和whom，且可以省略。
⑴ 当关系代词前有介词时，指人只能用whom。
2. 指物的关系代词: which / that1) 先行词在从句中作主语eg: The river which / that runs through the city brings us lots of pleasure.2)先行词在从句中作宾语eg: The book (which / that) you just laid on the shelf is mine.3)关系代词前有介词eg: Here is the money with which I will buy a piano.3. 表示所有格：whose (既表示人的所有也表示物的所有)1) 表示人的所有eg: The girl whose father is a model worker is our monitor.2) 表示物的所有eg: I’d like a room whose window looks out over the sea.弄清as和which引导的非限制性定语从句指代整体时的区别★位置上的区别：as引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活，可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后，还可插在主句的中间；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。
《定语从句》 讲义
《定语从句》讲义一、定语从句的定义定语从句是一种在英语中非常重要的语法结构。
它是一个从句，在句子中充当定语的角色，用来修饰一个名词或代词，为其提供更多的信息和描述。
比如说，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting” 在这个句子中，“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句，它修饰了先行词“book”，让我们更加清楚地知道是哪一本书很有趣。
二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词（关系代词和关系副词）引导，并且紧跟在先行词后面。
关系代词有：that、which、who、whom、whose。
关系副词有：when、where、why。
先行词就是被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 既可以指人，也可以指物。
在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
例如：“The man that is standing there is my teacher” （作主语）“I like the book that you gave me” （作宾语）2、 which 通常指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。
比如：“The house which is very old needs repairing” （作主语）“This is the pen which I lost yesterday” （作宾语）3、 who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。
像：“The girl who is singing is my sister” （作主语）“ The man who you met just now is my father” （作宾语）4、 whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语。
例如：“The man whom you are waiting for is coming”5、 whose 既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语。
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定语从句专项练习题1.Don't talk about such things of you arc not sure.A. whichB. whatC. asD. those2.Is this the factory you visited the other day?A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. the one3.Is this factory some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one4.Is this the factory he worked ten years ago?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. the one5.The wolves hid themselves in the places couldn't be found.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. in that6.The freezing point is the temperature water changes into ice.A. at whichB. on thatC. in whichD. of what7.This book will show you can be used in other contexts..A. how you have observedB. what you have observedC. that you have observedD. how that you have observed8.The reason is he is unable to operate the machine.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD. whether9.Til tell you he told me last week.A. all whichB. thatC. all thatD. which10.That tree,branches are almost bare, is very old.A. whoseB. of whichC. in whichD. on which11.1have bought the same dress she is wearing.A. asB. thatC. whichD. what12.He failed in the examination,made his father very angry.A. which Be it C. that D. what13.Wc'rc talking about the piano and the pianist were in the concert we attended last night.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that14.The girl an English song in the next room is Tom's sister.A. who is singingB. is singingC. sangD. was singing15.Those not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A. learnB. whoC. that learnsD. who learn16.Anyone this opinion may speak outA. that againstsB. that againstC. who is againstD. who are against17.Didn't you see the man?A. I nodded just nowB. whom I nodded just nowC. I nodded to him just nowD. I nodded to just now18.Can you lend me the novel the other day?A. that you talkedB. you talked about itC. which you talked withD. youtalked about19.Is there anything to you?A. that is belongedB. that belongsC. that belongD. which belongs20.---- "How do you like the book?,,——“It's quite different from I read last month.”A. thatB. whichC. the oneD. the one what21.Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except who had alreadytaken them.A. the onesB. onesC. someD. the others22.The train she was travelling was late.A. whichB. whereC. on whichD. in that23- He has lost the key to the drawer the papers are kept.A. whereB. in whichC. under whichD. which24.Antarctic we know very little is covered with thick ice all the yearround.A. whichB. whereC. thatD. about which25.It's the third time late this month.A. that you arrivedB. when you arrivedC. that you've arrivedD. when you've arrived26- It was in 1969 the American astronaut succeeded in landing on themoon.A. thatB. whichC. whenD. in which27.May the fourth is the day we Chinese people will never forget.A. whichB. whenC. on whichD. about which28.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou,live my grandparents and some relatives.A. whichB. thatC. whoD. where29.The hotel during our holidays stands by the seaside.A. we stayed atB. where we stayed atC. we stayedD. in that we stayed30.Is it in that factory"Red Flag” cars arc produced?A. in whichB. whereC. whichD. that31- It is the Suez Canal separates Asia Africa.A. which, toB. where, fromC. that, fromD. that, with32.Under the bridge, however, almost directly below,was a small canoe, with a boy in it.A. thereB. whereC. itD. which33.He is not a fool•A. such, as he is lookedB. such, as he looksC. as, as he is lookedD. so, as he looks34.Is that the reason you are in favour of the proposal?A. whichB. whatC. whyD. for that35.He must be from Africa,can be seen from his skin.A. thatB. asC. whoD. what36.He has two sons,work as chemists.A. two of whomB. both of whomC. both of which D・ all of whom37.1,your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who isB. who amC. that isD. what is38.He is a man of great experience,much can be learned.A. whoB. thatC. from whichD. from whom39.——Do you know the town at all?——No, this is the first time I here.A. wasB. have beenC. cameD. am coming40.1don't like you speak to her.A. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of which41.The two things they felt very proud arc Jim's gold watch and Della's hair.A. about whichB. of whichC. in whichD. for which42.The dinner was the most expensive meal we.A. would haveB. have hadC. had never hadD. had ever had43.Do you know which hotel?【专项训练】1.Football is a very interesting game ,is played all over the world-A. that B• which C- it D. who2.Is there anything else you require?A . whichB • thatC • who D. what3.The last place we visited was the Great Wall.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it4.He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school -A. which B• who C. it D. that5.The railway tunnel, though the train goes,will be completed soon.A. whic h B• that C. it D. whom6.His uncle works in a factory bicycles are made.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. there7.There is no dictionary you can find everything.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. in that8.Next month,you'll spend in your hometown is coming.A. whichB. thatC. when D- where9.Next month,you'll be in your hometown is coming.A. whichB. thatC. when D- where10.I often thought of my childhood ,I lived on a farm.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. who11.He wanted to know the time he needed to know .A. thatB. whenC. whereD. whatA. she is stayingB. she is staying inC. is she slayingD. is she staying in44.There is only one thing I can do.A. whatB. thatC. allD. which45.Who can think of a situation this idiom can be used?A. whichB. thatC. whereD. in that46.1have many books, some of are on chemistry.A. themB. thatC. whichD. those47.They were interested you told them.A. in whichB. in thatC. all thatD. in everything48.The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship,much help for knowing space.A. which we think it isB. which we think are ofC. of which we think isD. I think which is of49.The great day we looked forward to at last.A. comeB. cameC. comingD. comes50.1like the second football match was held last week.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. /13. They could only read such stories had been rewritten in simple English .A. thatB. whichC. asD. what14- The stems of bamboo are hollow makes them very light.A. whichB. asC. thatD. it15 . Crusoe's dog became ill and died ,made him very lonely .A. asB. whichC. thatD. this16- They've invited me to their party , is kind of them.A. asB. whichC. ThatD. this17. we know now ,bats come out only at night .A. AsB. Which C . ThatD. What18 - John got beaten in the game , had been expected .A. asB. thatC. what D• who19.has been said above grammar is a set of dead rules-A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. As20.Do you know the reason he was late?A. thatB. whichC. for whatD. for which21 - He built a telescope he could study the skies.A. in whichB. with thatC. through whichD. by it22.I have bought two ballpens ,writes well .A • none of whichB . neither of whichC • none of them D. neither of them23.There are two thousand students in our school , are girls .A. of whom two thirds B- two -thirds of themC. two -third in themD. two -thirds in which24 - Do you know the man ?A. whom I spokeB. to who I spokeC. I spoke toD. that I spoke25.The factory wc'II visit next week isn't far from here-A- where B. in which C. which D. to which26.This is one of the best films this year•A. have been shownB. that have shownC. that have been shownD. which has been shown27.Can you lend me the book the other day ?A. you talked aboutB. about that you talkedC. that you talkedD. which you talked 28- Is there anyone in you class family is in the city .A- who B. who's C. which D. whose29.ril never forget the days we stayed together-A- when B. in which C. which D- what30.Is some German friends visited last week ?A. this schoolB. this the schoolC. this school one D- this school where31 • ril t ell you he told me last month .A- all which B. all what C. that all D. all32.Do you know the reason she got so angry yesterday?A. for whyB. for thatC. whichD. why33.I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress.A. whichB. in whichC. on thatD. on which34- ril show you a store you may buy all you need •A- in which,/B. where , which C- which , that D. that, that35.Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long.A • where B. when C . that D . on which36.The train she was travelling was late.A. whichB. on whichC. for whichD. on that37.The second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A. during whichB. in thatC. whereD. on which38.Is oxygen the only gas helps fire bum ?A. thatB. /C. whichD. it39- This is the best hotelin the city I know .A. whichB. thatC. whereD. it40- I've read all the books were borrowed from the library •A・ that B. / C- which D• they41 - The scientist and his achievements you told me are admired by us all.A・ which B. who C. that D• whose42. She hasn't got enough money to buy the rings .A. whichB. thatC. with which D・ for which43- Finally came the day he bad to beging his study for the next term-A. whichB. sinceC. thatD. till44. We hope to get such a tool he is using .A・ which B. as C. that D. where45 . Is there anything to you .A. that is belongedB. that belongsC. which belongsD. that belong46.You can take any seat is free .A. whichB. whereC. thatD. in which47.The old woman has two sons , one is a teacher-A・ of them B. of which C• of whom D・ of who48 - My hometown is no longer the same it used to be •A・ which B. as C. that D. like49.You may take anything useful .A. you want B- what you want C. you want them D. which you want50.He tore up my photo, upset me .A・ that B. it C. which D. what52.The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friendof hers .A. thatB. wearing whichC. worn byD. in which53.The clever boy made a hole in the wall,he could see what was going on inside the house-A. in whichB. through whichC. at whichD. on which54- The brave man , the tiger was shor is a good bunter.A・ by which B . by whom C. by that D• of whom55. The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp .A. with whichB. with itC. with thatD. which。