机械工程英语第二版part2unit11翻译
机械英语2

机械工程英语第二版叶邦彦陈统坚主编Casting is a manufacturing process in which molten metal is poured or injected and allowed to solidify in a suitably shaped mold cavity. During or after cooling, the cast part is removed from the mold and then processed for delivery.铸造是一种将熔化的金属倒入或注入合适的铸模腔并且在其中固化的制造工艺。
在冷却期间或冷却后,把铸件从铸模中取出,然后进行交付。
Casting processes and cast-material technologies vary from simple to highly complex. Material and process selection depends on the part’s complexity and function, the product’s quality specifications, and the projected cost level.铸造工艺和铸造材料技术从简单到高度复杂变化很大。
材料和工艺的选择取决于零件的复杂性和功能、产品的质量要求以及成本预算水平。
Castings are parts that are made close to their final dimensions by a casting process. With a history dating back 6,000 years, the various casting processes are in a state of continuous refinement and evolution as technological advances are being made.通过铸造加工,铸件可以做成很接近它们的最终尺寸。
机械工程英语第二版全本书中英对照翻译

•Types of Materials材料的类型Materials may be grouped in several ways. Scientists often classify materials by their state: solid, liquid, or gas. They also separate them into organic (once living) and inorganic (never living) materials.材料可以按多种方法分类。
科学家常根据状态将材料分为:固体、液体或气体。
他们也把材料分为有机材料(曾经有生命的)和无机材料(从未有生命的)。
For industrial purposes, materials are divided into engineering materials or nonengineering materials. Engineering materials are those used in manufacture and become parts of products.就工业效用而言,材料被分为工程材料和非工程材料。
那些用于加工制造并成为产品组成部分的就是工程材料。
Nonengineering materials are the chemicals, fuels, lubricants, and other materials used in the manufacturing process, which do not become part of the product.非工程材料则是化学品、燃料、润滑剂以及其它用于加工制造过程但不成为产品组成部分的材料。
Engineering materials may be further subdivided into: ①Metal ②Ceramics ③Composite ④Polymers, etc.工程材料还能进一步细分为:①金属材料②陶瓷材料③复合材料④聚合材料,等等。
机械工程英语第二版翻译

机械工程英语第二版翻译文件排版存档编号:[UYTR-OUPT28-KBNTL98-UYNN208]第一单元•Types of Materials•材料的类型Materials may be grouped in several ways. Scientists oftenclassify materials by their state: solid, liquid, or gas. They also separate them into organic (once living) and inorganic (never living) materials.材料可以按多种方法分类。
科学家常根据状态将材料分为:固体、液体或气体。
他们也把材料分为有机材料(曾经有生命的)和无机材料(从未有生命的)。
For industrial purposes, materials are divided into engineering materials or nonengineering materials. Engineering materials are those used in manufacture and become parts of products.就工业效用而言,材料被分为工程材料和非工程材料。
那些用于加工制造并成为产品组成部分的就是工程材料。
Nonengineering materials are the chemicals, fuels, lubricants, and other materials used in the manufacturing process, which do not become part of the product.非工程材料则是化学品、燃料、润滑剂以及其它用于加工制造过程但不成为产品组成部分的材料。
Engineering materials may be further subdivided into: ①Metal ②Ceramics ③Composite ④Polymers, etc.工程材料还能进一步细分为:①金属材料②陶瓷材料③复合材料④聚合材料,等等。
机械工程英语第二版--叶邦彦(机械工业出版社)--全本书翻译

机械工程英语第二版--叶邦彦(机械工业出版社)--全本书翻译编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(机械工程英语第二版--叶邦彦(机械工业出版社)--全本书翻译)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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第一单元•Types of Materials 材料的类型Materials may be grouped in several ways。
Scientists often classify materials by their state:solid, liquid, or gas. They also separate them into organic (once living) and inorganic (never living) materials.材料可以按多种方法分类。
科学家常根据状态将材料分为:固体、液体或气体。
他们也把材料分为有机材料(曾经有生命的)和无机材料(从未有生命的)。
For industrial purposes, materials are divided into engineering materialsor nonengineering materials。
Engineering materials are those used in manufacture and become parts of products。
就工业效用而言,材料被分为工程材料和非工程材料。
那些用于加工制造并成为产品组成部分的就是工程材料.Nonengineering materials are the chemicals,fuels,lubricants,and other materials used in the manufacturing process, which do not become part of the product.非工程材料则是化学品、燃料、润滑剂以及其它用于加工制造过程但不成为产品组成部分的材料。
机械工程英语第二版翻译

第一单元•Types of Materials 材料的类型Materials may be grouped in several ways. Scientists often classify materials by their state: solid, liquid, or gas. They also separate them into organic (once living) and inorganic (never living) materials.材料可以按多种方法分类。
科学家常根据状态将材料分为:固体、液体或气体。
他们也把材料分为有机材料(曾经有生命的)和无机材料(从未有生命的)。
For industrial purposes, materials are divided into engineering materials or nonengineering materials. Engineering materials are those used in manufacture and become parts of products.就工业效用而言,材料被分为工程材料和非工程材料。
那些用于加工制造并成为产品组成部分的就是工程材料。
Nonengineering materials are the chemicals, fuels, lubricants, and other materials used in the manufacturing process, which do not become part of the product.非工程材料则是化学品、燃料、润滑剂以及其它用于加工制造过程但不成为产品组成部分的材料。
Engineering materials may be further subdivided into: ①Metal ②Ceramics ③Composite ④Polymers, etc.工程材料还能进一步细分为:①金属材料②陶瓷材料③复合材料④聚合材料,等等。
机械工程英语part2的完整翻译

机械工程英语》PART2Unit11中央控制单元(CPU的功能是控制所有系统部件的运行和对数据进行数字的或是逻辑的操作。
为了完成上述功能,CP由以下两个单元组成2.控制单元3..数字逻辑单元3控制单元通过程序指令来协调大量的特种操作,这些操作包括接受输入计算机的数据,并决定和是以何种方法来处理这些数据。
控制单元能指挥数字逻辑单元的操作,他把数据发送给ALL来告诉ALUM据这些数据该运行什么功能,并且在哪里把结果存储下来。
控制单元完成上述操作的能力基于其安装了一个具有储存与记忆功能的总控程序机构。
4数字逻辑单元运行诸如加减比较之类的操作。
这些操作是根据数据以二进制的形式表现出来的。
在指示了确定的条件下,逻辑部也可以用来改变命令执行的次序。
此外,逻辑部分还具有编辑或清除数据等功能。
5控制单元和数字逻辑单元都是得用寄存器来完成他们的功能的,计算机寄存器是一个可以接收短暂存储,转移数据的小记忆装置。
根据计算机能力的不同,寄存器能建立出相应的字节数的字长。
每个词的字节数从4到64不等!PART2U nit2生产设备的数字控制(1)数控是程序控制的自动化,在数字控制系统中,设备通过数字,字母和符号来编码,以一种合适的格式为每一个特定的零件或工件定义一个程序指令集。
当工件变化时,程序也变化,改变程序的能力也就是适合中小批量生产。
写一个新程序比改变大量生产设备要容易的多。
(2)基本结构:数控系统由下面三部分组成: 1.控制程序;2.机器控制单元;3. 加工设备。
三部分的基本关系,由图 2.1 所示。
程序输入到控制单元由送入的程序来引导加工设备控制。
(3)指导程序是一步步详细的指导加工设备的指令。
通常指令把主轴上刀具相对于安装工具的工作台定位。
更多先进的说明包括主轴的转速,加工工具的选择及其功能。
程序刻在合适的介质中,提交到机器控制单元中,在过去几十年中,最常用的介质是一英寸宽的打孔纸带。
由于打孔纸带的广泛使用,N(有时也叫纸带控制,然而这是现代数控使用的误称。
机械工程英语第二版全本书中英对照翻译

机械工程英语——叶邦彦第一单元•Types of Materials材料的类型Materials may be grouped in several ways. Scientists often classify materials by their state: solid, liquid, or gas. They also separate them into organic (once living) and inorganic (never living) materials.材料可以按多种方法分类。
科学家常根据状态将材料分为:固体、液体或气体。
他们也把材料分为有机材料(曾经有生命的)和无机材料(从未有生命的)。
For industrial purposes, materials are divided into engineering materials or nonengineering materials. Engineering materials are those used in manufacture and become parts of products.就工业效用而言,材料被分为工程材料和非工程材料。
那些用于加工制造并成为产品组成部分的就是工程材料。
Nonengineering materials are the chemicals, fuels, lubricants, and other materials used in the manufacturing process, which do not become part of the product.非工程材料则是化学品、燃料、润滑剂以及其它用于加工制造过程但不成为产品组成部分的材料。
Engineering materials may be further subdivided into: ①Metal ②Ceramics ③Composite ④Polymers, etc.工程材料还能进一步细分为:①金属材料②陶瓷材料③复合材料④聚合材料,等等。
机械工程英语第二版翻译

第一单元•Types of Materials•材料的类型Materials may be grouped in several ways. Scientists often classify materials by their state: solid, liquid, or gas. They also separate them into organic (once living) and inorganic (never living) materials.材料可以按多种方法分类。
科学家常根据状态将材料分为:固体、液体或气体。
他们也把材料分为有机材料(曾经有生命的)和无机材料(从未有生命的)。
For industrial purposes, materials are divided into engineering materials or nonengineering materials. Engineering materials are those used in manufacture and become parts of products.就工业效用而言,材料被分为工程材料和非工程材料。
那些用于加工制造并成为产品组成部分的就是工程材料。
Nonengineering materials are the chemicals, fuels, lubricants, and other materials used in the manufacturing process, which do not become part of the product.非工程材料则是化学品、燃料、润滑剂以及其它用于加工制造过程但不成为产品组成部分的材料。
Engineering materials may be further subdivided into: ①Metal ②Ceramics ③Composite ④Polymers, etc.工程材料还能进一步细分为:①金属材料②陶瓷材料③复合材料④聚合材料,等等。
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机械工程英语第二版part2unit11翻译机械工程英语(第11单元)Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing Technologies快速原型制造和快速制造技术Introduction介绍Manufacturing community is facing two important challenging tasks:(1)Substantial reduction of production development times; and (2) Improvement on flexibility for manufacturing multi-variety and small batch-size products. Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD and Cam) have significantly improved the traditional production design and manufacturing. However, there are a number of obstacles in true integration of computer-design with computer-aided manufacturing for rapid development of new products.制造社会面临两个重要的艰巨任务:1大幅度减少产品开发时间,以及改善对弹性制造多品种,小批量大小的产品。
电脑辅助及制造大大改善了传统的生产设计和制造。
但是,有一个数字障碍计算机辅助设计与真正的一体化电脑辅助制造新产品的快速发展。
To substantially shorten the time for developing patterns, and prototypes, some manufacturing enterprises have started to use rapid prototypes(RP)methods for complex patterns making and component prototyping. Over the past few years, A variety of new rapidmanufacturing theologies, generally called Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing ,have emerged; the technologies developed include stereo lithography(SL),selective laser sintering (SLS), fused deposition modeling(FSM),laminated object manufacturing(LOM),and three dimensional printing (3D Printing)。
These technologies are capable of directly generating physical objects from CAD databases. They have a common important feature: the prototype part is produced adding materials rather than removing materials, that is, a part is first modeled by a geometric modeler such as a solid modeler, and then is mathematically sectioned(sliced)into a series of parallel cross-section pieces. For each piece, the curing or binding paths are generated. These curing or binding paths are directly used to instruct the machine for producing the part by solidifying or binding a line of material. After a layer is built, a new layer is built on the previous one in the same way. Thus, the model is built layer by layer from the bottom to top.为了大大缩短母摸、模具和样件的制作时间,一些制作厂开始利用快速原型制造技术来制作复杂的母模和零部件的原型。
在过去几年中,各种新的快速制造技术,通常被称为快速成型与制造,有涌现,这些技术包括立体开发,选择性激光烧结,熔融沉积成型,分层实体制造,三维打印。
这些技术能够直接从CAD数据库生成实体对象。
他们都有一些共同的重要特征:原型件都是通过增材制造,而不是材料去除工艺制作的,也就是说,零件首先通过几何建模软件,比如一个实体建模模块来建模,然后用数学的方法进行切层处理,使其成为一连串平行的横截面片。
每件,固化或具有约束力的路径生成。
这些固化或具有约束力路径是直接用于指导生产的部分机器固化或具有约束力的材料一致。
建成后,一层是,一个新的层是建立在以同样的方式前一个。
因此,该模型建立一层一层从底部到顶部。
RR Processes RP反相进程As mentioned earlier, there are several technologies available for model production based on the principle of “growing” or “additive”manufacturing. The major differences among these technologies are in two aspects (1) Materials used, and (2) Part building techniques. The following sections will explain in detail these rapid prototyping technologies with respect to the above two aspects.如前所述,有几种技术可以为模型生产的基础上,增加或添加剂生产原则。
这些技术之间的主要分歧是在两个方面;材料使用,而部分建筑技术。
以下部分将解释快速原型技术,这些细节就上述两项方面。
1.Stereo lithography光固化Stereo lithography apparatus (SLA) was invented by Charles Hull of 3D Systems Inc. It is the first commercially available rapid prototype and is considered as the most widely used prototypingmachine. The material used is liquid pho-to-curable resin, acryl ate (monomers) are polymerized into large molecules. Based on this principle, the part is built in a vat of liquid resin as shown in Figl.1.光固化成型机由3D系统公司的Charles Hull 发明。
它是世界第一台使用最广的商业快速成型机。
使用的材料为丙烯酸光敏树脂。
在光子的引发下,小分子(单体)聚合成大分子。
原型零件就是根据这一原理从树脂槽中制作出来的。
The SLA machine creates the prototype by tracing layer cross-section on the surfaces of the liquid photopolymer pool with a laser beam. Unlike the contouring or zigzag cutter movement used in CNC machining, the beam traces in parallel lines. The laser beam is deflected horizontally in X and Y axes by galvanometer-driven mirrors so that it moves across the surface of the resin to produce a solid resin covers the solidified layer. A wiper helps appeared the viscous polymer over for building the next layer. The laser draws a new layer on the top of the previous one. In this way, the model is built layer by layer from bottom to top.苏丹解放军机上创建的跟踪层横截面的原型表面用激光束液体感光树脂池。
同数控机床加工时刀具的轮廓走刀和循环走刀方式不一样,激光束是以平行方式扫描的。
(4)该激光束偏转在X和Y轴的横向振驱动镜子,以便它在整个行动的树脂表面产生了坚实的格局。
建成后1层,电梯下降一个用户指定的距离和新的液态树脂固化涂料覆盖层。
刮板用来将粘稠的树脂均匀涂覆在零件表面以便于下一层的制作。
激光在前一层的顶部进行新一层的扫描。
这样,原型就自下而上地逐层制作而成。
There are several features worthy of mentioning of SLA有许多值得一提的SLA的几个特点。
1.Material. 材料。
There are five commercially available photopolymers. All ofthem are a kind of acryl ate.这五个商用光聚合物。