高中英语 虚拟语气精心课件

以上动词相应的同根词构成的名词பைடு நூலகம்从 句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语也 要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一 样。
order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire等 desire等
It’s suggested that the plan be carried out.(主语从句） 主语从句） 主语从句 My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.（表语从句） （表语从句） All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.（同位语从句） （同位语从句）
注意：主句中的 可用于任何 注意：主句中的would可用于任何 可用于 人称， 人称，should通常用于 第一人称 通常用于
If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport. 如果我当时知道你要来，我就去机场接你 了。(与过去事实 过去事实相反，事实是我当时不知 过去事实 道) If they came/were to come/should come tomorrow, they would know our secret. 如果他们明天真的来了，他们就会知道我们 的秘密。(与将来事实可能相反)
补充练习 B 1. If he had listened to me, he ______ be in such trouble now. A. haven’t B. would not C. had not D. would haven’t C 2.Wang Fang _______ college last year. Unfortunately, he couldn’t take the examinations because of a sudden illness. A. could go B did go C. could have gone D. must have gone D 3.The plant is dead. I _______ it more water. A. will give B. would have given C. must give D. should have given
It is (high) time (that) …句型中，从 句型中， 句型中 句用过去式或should + do，should 句用过去式或 ， 不能省略，意为“该干…事了 事了” 不能省略，意为“该干 事了”
• e.g. It is (high) time (that) you went to school. • It is (high) time (that) you should study hard. 你该努力学习了。 你该努力学习了。
should +do（可能性较过 would/should/co （ uld/might +do 去式小） 去式小） were to do（可能性最小） （可能性最小）
1.If I had time, I would attend the meeting. 2.If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.
注意：
暗示
• The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. • The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 坚持认为
表示建议时虚拟， 当suggest表示建议时虚拟，表示暗示时不虚拟， 表示建议时虚拟 表示暗示时不虚拟， 用陈述语气。 表示坚决要求时虚拟， 用陈述语气。当insist表示坚决要求时虚拟，表 表示坚决要求时虚拟 坚持认为时不虚拟 用陈述语气。 时不虚拟， 示坚持认为时不虚拟，用陈述语气。
2. Should she come tomorrow, I should give her the book.
= If she should come tomorrow, I should give her
the book.
3. Had I taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. = If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
e.g. He
suggested that we (should) start early the next day. They insisted that the boy (should) go with them. The doctor ordered that the patient (should) be sent to hospital at once.
与将来事实相反
• If you took taxi, you would get there more quickly. • 如果你坐出租车去，你就可以快一点到 那里。（与现在事实相反，事实是你不 坐） If I were you, I should/would be more careful. 如果我是你，我会更仔细些。（与现在事实 相反，事实是我不是你）
2. 用于表示建议、愿望、命令等词后的宾语 从句中，常见的有： • 一坚持（insist），二命令（order, command），三建议(advise, suggest, propose,), 四要求（demand, require, request, desire)这类动词后面的宾语从句用 should+ do, should可省略。
使用虚拟条件句时应注意： 使用虚拟条件句时应注意
• 当条件状语从句表示的动作和主句的动 作不是同时发生， 作不是同时发生，主句和从句的谓语动 词的形式应分别根据各自所表示的时间 加以调整。 加以调整。
e.g. If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If he had telephoned me last night, I would see him now.
虚拟语气在方式状语从句 中的运用
as if /though + Clause
现在： 过去时 过去：过去完成时
She loves the baby as if it were her own son. 与现在事实相反
She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 与过去事实相反
2. would rather that
现在： 过去时 过去： 过去完成时 未来： 过去时
I would rather you paid me now. She would rather that we hadn’t left yesterday. Don’t come. I would rather you came tomorrow.
• Exercises:
1. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would D have met my brother. A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
省掉if的条件从句的用法： 省掉 的条件从句的用法： 的条件从句的用法
在强调条件从句时，常省去主句， 在强调条件从句时，常省去主句，表示 已不能实现”的愿望，它常用if “已不能实现”的愿望，它常用 only来 来 引导,译成 要是… 译成： 多好啊！ 引导 译成：要是 … 多好啊！ e.g. If only he were here. 如果他在这儿就好了。 如果他在这儿就好了。 If only I had followed your advice! 如果我按你的建议做了该多好啊！ 如果我按你的建议做了该多好啊！ If only I could see him again! 如果我能再见到他该多好啊！ 如果我能再见到他该多好啊！
与现在事实相反
主句的谓语形式
动词过去式（ 动词一般 动词过去式（be动词一般 would/should/co uld/might+动词原 用were） ） 动词原 形 would/should/ could/might + have+过去分词 过去分词
与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 过去分词 与将来事可能相反 did(有可能，但不大) 有可能，但不大 有可能
有时为了表达的需要， 有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中 并不总是出现if引导的条件句 引导的条件句， 并不总是出现 引导的条件句，而通 过其它手段来代替条件句。 过其它手段来代替条件句。
• e.g. I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet. • He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.
• 用介词短语代替条件状语从句， 用介词短语代替条件状语从句， 常用的有with, without, but for. 常用的有
1. What would you do with a million dollars?(=if you had a million dollars) 2. We couldn’t have finished the work ahead of time without your help.(=if we hadn’t got your help) 3. But for the rain(=If it hadn’t been for the rain), we would have finished the work.